The Early Theories

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The Early Theories of Motivation

Active girls group: Mai Ngc Huyn TrangPhan Nguyn Thu Trang

Nguyn Th Mng Tuyn

Nguyn Tng Vy

Nguyn Th Kim Yn

Nguyn Th Kim Ngn


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Contents:

I. What is Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory?

II. What is McGregors Theory X and Theory Y?

III.What is Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory?

IV. What are The Similarities and The Differencesamong The Early Theories of Motivation?


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I. What is Maslows hierarchy of needs motivation?

Abraham Harold Maslow

(1908-1970)

American professor of

psychology

The father of Maslows

hierarchy of needs


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Self-actualization

Esteem

Physiological

Safety

Social

I. What is Maslows hierarchy of needs motivation?


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1. Physiological needs:

Food Drink

Shelter

Bodily r

equirement

Sexual requirement


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2. Safety needs:

Physical and the emotional harm safety


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3. Social needs:

Affection

Belongingness

Acceptance

Friendship

Internalesteem

Externalesteem

Self-respect

Autonomy

Achivement

Status

Recognition

Attention

4. Esteem needs:


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5. Self-actualization needs:

Physical growth Mental growthSelf-fulfillment and capable of becoming


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Douglas McGregors 1960 book,The human side of Enterprise.

McGregor asserted that socialneeds were just as important toworkers as economics.

Social factors can be the dominantmotivational factor.

Background:


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Theory YTheory YTheory XTheory X

Work is Natural

Self-Direction

SeekResponsibility

Good Decisions

Widely Dispersed

AvoidWork

Must beControlled

AvoidResponsibility

Seek Security

II. What is McGregors Theory X and Y?


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X

Arbitrary

Y

Democratic



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Theory X Theory Y



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III. What is Herzbergs Motivation-HygieneTheory?

Herzbergs theory that intrinsic factors arerelated to job satisfation and extrinsic factors

are related to job dissatification

Motivation-HygieneTheory:


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Hygiene factors:

Herzbergs term for factors, such as workingconditions and salary,that, when adequate, manyeliminate job dissatisfaction but do not necessarilyincrease job satisfacion



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Motivators:

Herzbergs term for factors,such as recognitionand growth, that increase job satisfaction



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Originally proposed by Maslow,

McGregor and Herzberg

Not being substantiated further research

VI. What are the similarities and the differencesamong the early theories of movivation?

How are the early theories of motivationalike?


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How are they different?

Differencesperspective

Focus on individual needs

McGregor Focus on the managersperception of the individual

Focus on the organizationseffect on the individual


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Thank you!!!

Documents

The Early Theories