The Early Recovery and The Early Recovery and Reconstruction Cluster in Reconstruction Cluster in

PakistanPakistan

- From saving lives to restoring - From saving lives to restoring livelihoods -livelihoods -

Angelika PlanitzAngelika PlanitzUNDP BCPRUNDP BCPR

Shelter MeetingShelter MeetingMay 2006 May 2006

The EventThe Event

Earthquake of 8 October 2005Earthquake of 8 October 2005

Richter scale: 7.6Richter scale: 7.6

Affected area: 30,000 sqkm:Affected area: 30,000 sqkm:• Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK)Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK)• North Western Frontier Province (NWFP)North Western Frontier Province (NWFP)

Impacts:Impacts:• Deaths - over 73,000Deaths - over 73,000• Seriously injured – over 69,000Seriously injured – over 69,000• Population affected - 3.5 millionPopulation affected - 3.5 million• Homes damaged and destroyed – 600,000Homes damaged and destroyed – 600,000• Food insecure – 2.3 millionFood insecure – 2.3 million

The Early Recovery & The Early Recovery & Reconstruction ClusterReconstruction Cluster

Preparation of revised early recovery component of the Flash AppealPreparation of revised early recovery component of the Flash Appeal Completion of a multi-sector rapid assessment of early recovery Completion of a multi-sector rapid assessment of early recovery

needs needs Formulation of a government approved UN strategic framework for Formulation of a government approved UN strategic framework for

early recovery to guide programme identificationearly recovery to guide programme identification Negotiation and agreement on guiding principles for recovery Negotiation and agreement on guiding principles for recovery

between UN and key donors/IFIsbetween UN and key donors/IFIs Main platform to discuss livelihoods, governance, disaster reduction Main platform to discuss livelihoods, governance, disaster reduction

and environmentand environment Establishment of sector working groups under the umbrella of the Establishment of sector working groups under the umbrella of the

ERRC specializing on livelihoods and housingERRC specializing on livelihoods and housing Preparation of selected sector plans under the ERRA-UN Early Preparation of selected sector plans under the ERRA-UN Early

Recovery PlanRecovery Plan

Overall ChallengesOverall Challenges

Inconsistent understanding of the Humanitarian Cluster Inconsistent understanding of the Humanitarian Cluster ApproachApproach

Lack of guidance and tools to implement the cluster approach Lack of guidance and tools to implement the cluster approach (ToRs, government role, field level, exit strategies, etc.)(ToRs, government role, field level, exit strategies, etc.)

Inconsistent understanding of early recovery interventionsInconsistent understanding of early recovery interventions

Sub-ordinate priority assigned to early recovery efforts in the Sub-ordinate priority assigned to early recovery efforts in the overall humanitarian responseoverall humanitarian response

The Early Recovery The Early Recovery FrameworkFramework

This framework was formulated with assistance from the UN This framework was formulated with assistance from the UN System to inform and support the national strategy for System to inform and support the national strategy for

rehabilitation and reconstruction rehabilitation and reconstruction

Framework Objectives:Framework Objectives:

Augment on-going humanitarian assistanceAugment on-going humanitarian assistance

Support spontaneous recovery efforts of the affected populationSupport spontaneous recovery efforts of the affected population

Prepare the ground for sustainable long-term reconstructionPrepare the ground for sustainable long-term reconstruction

Reduce disaster risk in the recovery and re-development processReduce disaster risk in the recovery and re-development process

10 Guiding Principle for 10 Guiding Principle for RecoveryRecovery

Focus on the most vulnerable Restore capacities to manage recovery Rebuild people’s livelihoods Secure human development gains Reduce disaster risk Engage the private sector & civil society Independence and self-sufficiency Transparency and accountability Subsidiarity and decentralization Coordination and coherent approaches to recocery

Sector-specific Strategies Sector-specific Strategies and Interventionsand Interventions

ShelterShelter Employment, livelihoods & agricultureEmployment, livelihoods & agriculture Governance & disaster reductionGovernance & disaster reduction EnvironmentEnvironment EducationEducation ProtectionProtection Food & NutritionFood & Nutrition Health Health Water & SanitationWater & Sanitation

Basis for preparing “ERRA-UN Early Basis for preparing “ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan”:Recovery Plan”:

Concrete programme proposals for mobilizing donor Concrete programme proposals for mobilizing donor pledgespledges

Covers residual relief needs and recovery needs Covers residual relief needs and recovery needs until April 2007until April 2007

Implementation & Implementation & CoordinationCoordination

ERRAERRA

- The Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority -- The Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority -

Established in mid-October under the PM’s Office Established in mid-October under the PM’s Office Roles: planning, coordination, monitoring, reportingRoles: planning, coordination, monitoring, reporting Majority of recovery activities will be implemented at by Majority of recovery activities will be implemented at by

provincial and local authorities, home-owners, civil society provincial and local authorities, home-owners, civil society organizations and the private sectororganizations and the private sector

ERRA has set up coordination mechanisms at the provincial ERRA has set up coordination mechanisms at the provincial and district level that will be integrated with Government’s and district level that will be integrated with Government’s decision-making architecture.decision-making architecture.

Global IASC Working Group Global IASC Working Group on on Early RecoveryEarly Recovery In operation since July 2006In operation since July 2006

Addresses early recovery requirements in natural disaster and conflict Addresses early recovery requirements in natural disaster and conflict settingssettings

Capacity analysis and mapping of its 17 member agenciesCapacity analysis and mapping of its 17 member agencies

Critical gaps in global capacity for early recovery identified; key areas Critical gaps in global capacity for early recovery identified; key areas for 2006 work plan:for 2006 work plan:

• Strategic planning capacity in 5 priority sectorsStrategic planning capacity in 5 priority sectors• Tools & methodologiesTools & methodologies• Predictable surge & rapid deployment capacity for early recoveryPredictable surge & rapid deployment capacity for early recovery• Training Training • Information management systemsInformation management systems• Knowledge managementKnowledge management• Financing mechanisms for early recoveryFinancing mechanisms for early recovery• Inter-Agency cooperation and agreementsInter-Agency cooperation and agreements

Global IASC Working Group Global IASC Working Group on on Early RecoveryEarly Recovery Priority sectors where strategic planning capacity needs Priority sectors where strategic planning capacity needs

particular attention:particular attention:

• Livelihoods: ILO/FAOLivelihoods: ILO/FAO

• Community drive approaches: UNDPCommunity drive approaches: UNDP

• Shelter: UN-HABITATShelter: UN-HABITAT

• Basic social services: UNICEFBasic social services: UNICEF

• Rule of law: UNDPRule of law: UNDP

• Disaster risk management and governance: UNDPDisaster risk management and governance: UNDP

Cluster ArchitectureCluster Architecture

Early Recovery Hub- Integrated Cluster Working Group -

International Recovery Platform(IRP, UNDG/ECHA WG)

Conflict Platform

(4Rs, UNDG/ECHA WG on Transition Situations, etc. )