The Digestive System

by: Ms. DeBell

The Digestive System breaks food into nutrient molecules. These molecules are absorbed into the blood stream. The Digestive System eliminates the

indigestible waste.

You ARE what you Eat!

The Digestive System

Table of Contents

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES

The Digestive Process with Dr. Stocker

Importance

The Players

Please click on each of the pictures to explore your digestive system.

Click here to return to the start

The various players of the Digestive System can be divided in two :

1. The Alimentary Canal

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

The Players

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and

Alimentary CanalAKA: The Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract

The alimentary canal is the muscular digestive tube that winds through the body

Food Material in the alimentary canal is technically considered to be outside the body because the canal is open to the external environment at both ends.

Includes:Mouth

PharynxEsophagusStomach

Small IntestineLarge Intestine

Anus

Just remember: My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes. My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes.

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

MOUTHMy…..

• Food enters the alimentary canal via mouth

• Food is chewed, manipulated by the tongue, and moistened with saliva

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

PHARYNXMy purple…..

Passage way of food, fluids, and inhaled air.

The Pharynx is made of three muscles. The muscles are like three stacked clutching fists. The muscles contract in sequence from superior to inferior to squeeze food in to the esophagus.

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

ESOPHAGUS

My purple elephant…..

A muscular tube that propels swallowed food to the stomach

Sphincter(def.) A muscle surrounding an opening; acts as a valve to close and open the orifice. Think of a draw string back. The string around the opening acts to open and close the bag depending on whether its contracted or lose.

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

STOMACHMy purple elephant sleeps…..

A temporary storage tank in which food is churned and turned into a paste called chyme “juices”.

The stomach is the first site where food begins to break downSome, although little, nutrients is absorbed in the stomach

Food hangs out in the stomach for about 4 hours; just about as long as you study for my class every night!

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

SMALL INTESTINEMy purple elephant sleeps inside…..

L o n g e s t part of the alimentary canal

This is the site where most of the enzymatic digestion and virtually all absorption of your pizza occurs

It’s important to note that although most digestive enzymes break down food here, enzymes are actually secreted by the pancreases

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

LARGE INTESTINEMy purple elephant sleeps inside icy…..

Gunk remains here for 12-24 hours!

The large intestines absorb water and electrolytes from digested mass, resulting in semi- solid feces.

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

ANUSMy purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes.

The opening at the end of the alimentary canal where feces exits

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs b. Glands

Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands

Organ (def.) a part of the body formed of two or more tissues and adapted to carry out a specific function

Gland (def.) a structure whose cells are specialized for secretion

Digestive OrgansTeeth

Tongue Gallbladder

Digestive Glands

Salivary GlandLiver

Pancreas

Just remember… Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes!

Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes! Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes! Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes! Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes!Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes! Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes!

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth

Ten…

TEETH{ORGAN}

Blades that tear and grind food in to smaller fragments

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth ii. Tongue

Ten tall…

TONGUE{ORGAN}

Occupies the floor of your mouth is a muscle constructed of skeletal muscle fiber

Your tongue is important because it grips and constantly repositions food in between teeth. It also helps mix food with saliva to get a

compact mass, bolus.

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth ii. Tongue iii. Gall Bladder

Ten tall giraffes…

GALLBLADDER{ORGAN}

The gall bladder stores and concentrates bile

Bile is a greenish fluid secreted by the liver, stored in the

gallbladder, and released in to the small intestine; helps start the

break down of fats

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth ii. Tongue iii. Gall Bladder b. Glands i. Salivary Glands

Ten tall giraffes smell…

SALIVARY GLAND{GLAND}

Salivary glands produce saliva

Saliva moistens the mouth, dissolves food chemicals so they can be tasted, wets food, binds the food together into a bolus.

Saliva~ a complex mixture of water, ions, mucus, and enzymes

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth ii. Tongue iii. Gall Bladder b. Glands i. Salivary Glands ii. Liver

Ten tall giraffes smell like…

LIVER{GLAND}

The liver is the LARGEST gland in the body, it weighs about 3Ibs in average adult (pick up your science book)

The liver has many functions…..

•The liver produces bile

•The liver picks up glucose from the blood supply of the alimentary canal and stores it as glycogen

Remember….Bile is a greenish fluid secreted by the liver,

stored in the gallbladder, and released in to the small intestine;

helps start the break down of fats

Digestive Tract

1. Alimentary Canal a. Mouth b. Pharynx c. Esophagus d. Stomach e. Small Intestine f. Large Intestine G. Anus

2. Accessory Digestive Organs and Digestive Glands a. Organs i. Teeth ii. Tongue iii. Gall Bladder b. Glands i. Salivary Glands ii. Liver iii. Pancreas

Ten tall giraffes smell like pancakes.

PANCREAS{GLAND}

Secretes enzymes in to the small intestine for enzymatic digestion

Produces hormones (insulin and glucagon) which regulate the levels of sugar in the blood

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES

The digestive system performs the following essential food- processing activities…..

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

Is the taking of food in to the mouth

INGESTION

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

PROPULSION

The movement of food through the alimentary canal.Alimentary Canal = (My purple elephant sleeps inside icy airplanes)

PROPULSION

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

PROPULSIONMECHANICAL DIGESTION

Physically prepares food for chemical digestionIncludes: Chewing

Churning in the stomachSegmentation ( the rhythmic local constrictions of the intestines)

MECHANICAL DIGESTION

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

PROPULSIONMECHANICAL DIGESTION

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

A series of steps on which complex food molecules are broken down in to their chemical building blocks

Process is carried out by enzymes

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

Food Molecule Chemical Building Block Carbohydrates Sugar Proteins Amino Acids Lipids Fatty Acids and Glycerol

(respectfully)

Food Molecules get broken down

in to chemical building blocks your bodyutilizes to carry out metabolic process….

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

PROPULSIONMECHANICAL DIGESTION

CHEMICAL DIGESTIONABSORPTION

Is the transport of digested end products from the alimentary canal in to the blood and lymph capillaries

ABSORPTION

DIGESTIVE PROCESSES:INGESTION

PROPULSIONMECHANICAL DIGESTION

CHEMICAL DIGESTIONABSORPTIONDEFECATION

The elimination of indigestible substances from the body as feces

DEFECATION

The Digestive Process with Dr.

Stocker

Insert Dr. Stocker’s photo here or the

principals photo for example

The Digestive Process with Dr.

Stocker

Nutrition (also called nourishment or aliment) is the provision, to cells and organisms of the materials necessary (in the form of

food) to support life.

Food is any substance, usually composed primarily of carbohydrates, fats, water and/or proteins, that can be eaten or drunk by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure.

Foods have different nutritional values…….

The Digestive Process with Dr. Stocker

The Digestive Process with Dr.

Stocker

The Digestive Process with Dr.

Stocker SQUISHAnd Turned

The Digestive Process with Dr.

Stocker

Absorption

The Digestive Systems is Important because …..

The Digestive System breaks down food molecules into chemicals our body needs to carry out metabolic process.

The Digestive System wastes indigestible food molecules the body can not use.

The Digestive Systems is Important because everyone poops!

“An elephant makes a big poopA mouse makes a tiny poop

Some stop to poopOthers do it on the move”

~Taro Gomi