The Developmental and Physiological Interactions Between Free Radicals and Antioxidant Defense System

8/13/2019 The Developmental and Physiological Interactions Between Free Radicals and Antioxidant Defense System

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Journal of Natural Sciences Research www.iiste.org

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an +olecules releant for ,eelo+ent are sensitie to the action of R%S (heirat et al.2#13!. *l-)u/or etal.(2#1#! recor,e, that R%S an, antio=i,ants hae /een i+licate, in the regulation of rero,uctie rocesses(cclic luteal an, en,o+etrial changes' follicular ,eelo+ent' oulation' fertili?ation' e+/rogenesis'e+/ronic i+lantation' an, lacental ,ifferentiation an, growth! in /oth ani+al an, hu+an. I+/alances

/etween R%S ro,uction an, antio=i,ant sste+s in,uce %S that negatiel i+acts rero,uctie rocesses.Interestingl' the a+ount of R%S ro,uce, / e+/ros aries with the stage of ,eelo+ent (Nasr-sfahani etal.1$$1D aetta et al.2##D *h+e, 2#12aD *h+e, et al. 2#12D Rooha < Gatha 2#13! an, increases whene+/ros are ro,uce, in vitroco+are, to those ,erie, in vivo()oto et al.1$$3!. oreoer' Sa@er et al.(2##8!an, *h+e, (2#12a! hothesi?e, that high leels of R%S ,uring e+/ronic' fetal an, lacental ,eelo+ent area feature of regnanc. In a,,ition' o=gen ra,icals together with nitric o=i,e +a regulate the circulation'energ +eta/olis+' an, the rero,uction an, re+o,elling of cells ,uring the e+/ronic ,eelo+ent (Ri??o etal. 2##D fer< ang 2#11D *h+e, 2#12aD *h+e, et al. 2#12!.Aoweer' how R%S +a affect growth an, ,ifferentiation of +a++alian cellO *nother uestion is how torotect the e+/ro fro+ free ra,ical ,a+age' as e=osure of earl e+/ros to eniron+ental o=genconcentrationsO 7he answer to these uestions is not @nown /ut so+e o/serations suggest that it is ossi/le.7hus' we here reiew so+e of the interesting features a/out the interactions /etween antio=i,ants an, R%S,uring ,eelo+ent in ,ifferent +a++alian ani+al or secies. e first resent a concise intro,uction on R%S'

antio=i,ants an, then on ,ifferent ,eelo+ental erio,s' regnanc outco+es an, show the effect of ,ifferenteniron+ental ollutants to ena/le the rea,er to follow what is resentl @nown on the interactions /etweenthe+. 7here is a significant /o, of literature on so+e of the asects consi,ere, in this reiew' /ut we will ratherselect reiews an, +ore releant articles when reorting on su/Hects not ,irectl relate, to the +ain toic.

$% &xidative Stress

%S is an i+/alance /etween o=i,ants an, antio=i,ants resulting fro+ increase, generation of o=i,ants an,>orre,uction in the a+ounts of antio=i,ants (*h+e, 2##"D a 2##$D Gi+Qn-Pacheco < )onse/at 2##$D a@@er etal.2##$D ena et al.2##$D *h+e, et al. 2#12D Petrulea et al.2#12D *l-a??awie et al.2#13D PolHKa@ an, ilisa2#13!. %S inclu,es a /roa, ,iersit of hsiological an, athohsiological' en,ogenous an, e=ogenousrocesses that affect the cellular o=i,ant>antio=i,ant /alance (l-5ahr 2#13D 7rei,el et al.2#13!. e can ta@e asan e=a+le the case of +etal-in,uce, o=i,atie ,a+age (Gi+Qn-Pacheco < )onse/at 2##$D a 2##$D *h+e,2#12aD *h+e, et al. 2#12!. 7o=ic +etals' such as ca,+iu+ an, chro+iu+' in,uce %S in a ariet of target cells

ia nu+erous actions that inclu,e ,irectl ,a+aging +itochon,rial resiration' increase, R%S generation ia theenton reaction' lii, ero=i,ation (GP%!' an, re,uction of intracellular antio=i,ants' such as )SA (asr?a@2##2D &al@o et al. 2##"D Ae et al. 2## < 2##8D *h+e, 2#12a'/!. Seeral inestigators (ena et al. 2##$DGushcha@ 2#11D *h+e, 2#12aD *l-a??awie et al. 2#13! un,ertoo@ that %S within a hsiological range isnecessar for roliferatie sti+ulation an, erhas the re+oal of age, cellular co+onents while e=tensie %S,a+ages the structure an, function of tissues. Conseuences of %S consist of +o,ifications of cellular roteins'lii,s' an, 0N* (*h+e, et al. 2#12D *l-a??awie et al.2#13D 7rei,el et al.2#13!. o,ification of roteins' inturn' lea,s to the for+ation of car/onl ,eriaties / ,irect o=i,ation of certain a+ino aci, si,e chains an,o=i,ation-in,uce, eti,e cleaage (Sta,t+an 1$$2!' as well as +o,ification of lii,s lea,ing to GP% (ena etal.2##$D *h+e, et al. 2#12D l-5ahr 2#13!. 7he h,ro=l ra,ical (L%A! is the +ain laer in o=i,atie 0N*,a+age' changing urine an, ri+i,ine /ases an, ,eo=ri/ose sugar as well as cleaing the hosho,iester0N* /ac@/one to gie rise to 0N* stran, /rea@s (a 2##$!. itochon,rial 0N* is +ore sensitie to %S thannuclear 0N* /ecause of its ro=i+it to the +ain source of R%S an, a li+ite, 0N* reair caacit. 0a+age,

+itochon,ria ro,uce +ore R%S an, set in +otion a icious ccle in which increasing 0N* ,a+age results inincrease, R%S ro,uction that in turn lea,s to +ore 0N* ,a+age (ena et al.2##$!. 7his icious nature ofo=i,atie ,a+age +a clarif in art wh %S is usuall associate, with chronic ,iseases' such asneuro,egeneration' chronic infla++ator ,isor,ers an, arious cancers.

'% Reactive &xygen Species And Reactive (itrogen Species: An &verview

R%S consist of a +ultilicit of o=gen-,erie, s+all reactie +olecules with ,ierse structures' inclu,ingo=gen ra,icals' such as suero=i,e (%2

L!' L%A' ero=l ra,ical (R%2L!' an, al@o=l ra,ical (R%L!' an, certain

non ra,icals that are either o=i,i?ing agents an,>or are easil conerte, into ra,icals' such as hochlorous aci,(A%Cl!' o?one (%3!' singlet o=gen (

1%2!' an, h,rogen ero=i,e (A2%2! (7a/le 1!. So+e of these secies' suchas %2

Lan, L%A ra,icals' are er unsta/le' whereas others' li@e A2%2' are relatiel sta/le an, freel ,iffusi/le(a 2##$D ena et al.2##$D Jain et al.2#11D Gushcha@' 2#11D *h+e, 2#12aD *h+e, et al. 2#12D on et al.2#12D *l-a??awie et al.2#13D l-5ahr 2#13D heirat et al.2#13D 7rei,el et al.2#13!. N%Lan, the strong o=i,ant

ero=nitrite anion (%N%%! are @nown RNS. right et al. (2#1#! reorte, that N%L acts in art / li+itinginfla++ator cell recruit+ent in the new/orn lung. urther+ore' R%S an, RNS la i+ortant roles in +an


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hsiological rocesses' an, are not onl no=ious /ro,ucts of +eta/olis+ (0rMge 2##2D Inceri et al.2##!.R%S can /e ro,uce, in seeral co+art+ents an, / +ultile en?+es in cells (*h+e, et al. 2#12D 7rei,el etal.2#13!. In fact' +ost' if not all' en?+es that are caa/le of +eta/oli?ing o=gen are also caa/le of ro,ucingR%S (a 2##$D *h+e, 2#12a'/!. itochon,ria consu+e a/out $# of the /o,Ts o=gen to ro,uce a,enosine

trihoshate (*7P! / o=i,atie hoshorlation. In vitro ,ata show that 1U2 of the o=gen +oleculesconsu+e, are conerte, to %2

L in +itochon,ria (5oeris < Chance 1$3D ena et al.2##$!. *lthough in vivorate of +itochon,rial suero=i,e ro,uction is ro/a/le to /e +uch less than this nu+/er' the +aHorit ofintracellular R%S can /e returne, to +itochon,ria (Stanie@ < Nohl 2###D St-Pierre et al.2##2D on et al.2#12!.%=i,atie hoshorlation in +itochon,ria utili?es controlle, o=i,ation of nicotina+i,e a,enine ,inucleoti,eh,rogen (N*0A! to ro,uce a otential energ fro+ roton gra,ient across the +itochon,rial inner +e+/rane.7he energ is then use, to hoshorlate a,enosine ,ihoshate (*0P! to *7P. lectrons resulting fro+ N*0A'along the resirator chain' can ,irectl react with o=gen an, ro,uce free ra,icals (a 2##$!. Pro,uctions of%2

L in +itochon,ria ,etecte, +ainl in co+le= I (N*0A ,eh,rogenase! an, co+le= III (u/iuinonectochro+e c re,uctase!' with the latter /eing the +ain site of R%S generation un,er nor+al +eta/olic eents(7urrens 1$$D ena et al.2##$D on et al.2#12!.%ther en?+es relate, to %S are the e=an,ing fa+il of R%S-ro,ucing N*0PA o=i,ases (N%Vs!' such asN%V1' N%V2' N%V3' N%V4' N%V"' an, throi, o=i,ases (0%V1 an, 0%V2! (5e,ar, < rause 2##!.

urther+ore' a (2##$! reorte, that N%V2 (g$1ho=! is the rotote of N%V en?+es an, is resent +ostlin neutrohils an, other hagoctic cells. %2

Lro,uce, / N%V2 are critical in ,efense against +icro/es.5aehner < Nathan (1$6! seculate, that loss of the function of the N%V2 sste+ is critical for chronicgranulo+atous ,isease' a hu+an genetic ,isor,er characteri?e, / ,ecrease, /acterici,al caa/ilit ofhagoctes. Non-hagoctic N%Vs ro,uce %2

L an, other ra,icals that +a actiate the cellular transfor+ationor relicatie senescence (5e,ar, < rause 2##!. 7hese o/serations suort the concet that' in a,,ition tostochasticall ,a+aging +acro+olecules' R%S are use, in nor+al cellular signaling an, ho+eostasis (ena etal. 2##$!. *,,itional sources of ctolas+ic R%S generation inclu,e ctochro+e P4"#s' lio=genases' an,one-electron re,uction of uinones / N*0PA9 ctochro+e P4"# re,uctase. In this latter case' se+iuinonera,icals (WL! generate, / en?+atic one-electron re,uction ccle /ac@ to uinones an,' at the sa+e ti+e' asselectrons to %2 lea,ing to the for+ation of %2

L ra,ical. 7his futile ccling /etween uinone an, se+iuinonera,ical with conco+itant generation of R%S contri/ute to the to=icities of seeral che+icals that hae uinone+oieties' such as ,o=oru/icin an, +ena,ione (nster1$86D %T5rien 1$$1!. )enerall' R%S can /e inactiate, /

other en?+es such as =anthine o=i,ase' cclo-o=genases' an, lio=genases' C*7' S%0' )P=' /ut also other+olecules +a act as R%S scaenger such as ero=ire,o=in (Pr=! an, thiore,o=in (7r=!.

)% Antioxidant Defense System: An &verview

7he cellular re,o= status an, antio=i,ant ,efense +echanis+s are +ore sensitie an, lower in the e+/roco+are, to a,ults (ells et al.2##$D 5a,ha+


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granules of neutrohils an, catal?es the conersion of A2%2an, Clto +ore reactie A%Cl' which is critical

for the /acterici,al actiit of neutrohils (a 2##$!. I+ortantl' huang et al.(2#1#! hothesi?e, that Ae+eo=genase (A%-1! is reuire, for +ouse ostnatal lung aleolar ,eelo+ent an, that ascular e=ression ofA%-1 is essential an, rotectie ,uring ostnatal aleolar ,eelo+ent.

Table #% &verview abo!t the molec!les mediating oxidative stress and cell damage%

(ame Str!ct!re ,ain reactions -ell components attac.ed

by R&S

References

S!peroxideL%U%

Catalsis of Aa/erUeiXreaction / reccling ferrous an,coer ionsD for+ation of A2%2or ero=nitrite.

Gii,s9 ero=i,ation ofunsaturate, fatt aci,s in cell+e+/ranes.- %=i,i?ing 0N* or roteins.

Sies (1$$!' Sorg(2##4!' *h+e,(2#12a! an, on etal.(2#12!

Singlet oxygen %Y%Reaction with ,ou/le /on,s'for+ation of ero=i,esD,eco+osition of a+ino aci,san, nucleoti,es.

Nucleic aci,s9 /aseh,ro=lation' cross-lin@age'0N* stran, scission.

Sorg (2##4! an,ena et al.(2##$!

&/one%U%ZY%

%=i,ation of all @in,s of

/io+olecules' eseciall thosecontaining ,ou/le /on,sDfor+ation of o?oni,es an,ctoto=ic al,eh,es.

%=i,ation of roteins'

+e+/rane lii,s an, 0N*.

GMffler < Petri,es

(1$88!' anofs@(1$8$!' Aalliwell antio=i,ant status is relate, to a ariet of regnanc co+lications' an, the lea,-in,uce, %S +a /eone of the un,erling +echanis+(s! of reter+ ,elier an, highlights the i+ortance of ealuating the i+actof ersistent eniron+ental ollutants on a,erse regnanc outco+e (*ha+e, et al.2##$!. Ro,r]gue?-stial etal.(2#11! seculate, that certain hsiologic ,isor,ers' attri/ute, to lea, e=osure are relate, to the generationof %S. Collectiel' the higher lea, an, ca,+iu+ concentrations in /loo, cause an increase of S%0 actiit(ieloch et al.2#12!. In rats' fluori,e an, ethanol e=osure in,uces su/stantial changes in GP%' antio=i,ant,efense' an, +orholog of intestine' which +a affect its functions (Chauhan et al.2#11!. oreoer' Aannas etal.(2#1#! ,e+onstrate, that nitrite elicits ,eelo+ental an, rero,uctie to=icit at eniron+entall releantconcentrations ,ue li@el to its intracellular conersion to nitric o=i,e. * +echanistic stu, in +ice has shownthat R%S +a la a +ain role in /en?ene-+e,iate, fetal he+atoto=icit (an < inn 2##8D 5a,ha+ < inn

2#1#!. )enerall' seeral stu,ies hae focuse, on +etal-in,uce, generation of R%S in +etal to=icit an,carcinogenicit' un,erscoring the significance of %S in +etal action in /iological sste+s (Geonar, et al.2##4D&al@o et al. 2##" < 2##6D Giu et al. 2##8/!. etal oerloa, re,uces antio=i,ants in the cell / /in,ing tore,uce, )SA' +etallothioneins an, 7r=s (a 2##$!. etal to=icit is relate, to their o=i,atie state an,reactiit with other co+oun,s (oiula < ea 2#1#!. In general ter+s' increase, leels of antio=i,anten?+es' in gill tissues of +ussels' at so+e sites suffering fro+ +etal an, organic ollution in,icate, a situationof %S that neertheless ,i, not aear to /e har+ful' since GP% leels showe, no ero=i,atie ,a+age(ern^n,e? et al. 2#1#!. Interestingl' in growing chic@s' eniron+ental into=ication causes an increase oflioero=i,ation an, i+airs the resonse of their i++unological sste+ (a+i_s@i et al.2##$!.0uring regnanc' the conta+ination / =enooestrogen /ishenol-* (5P*! is confir+e, / its resence in urine'/loo,' a+niotic flui, an, lacental an, fetal tissues (&an,en/erg et al. 2##D Gee et al. 2##8/!. 0uring thee+/ronic>fetal ,eelo+ent' e=osure of ro,ents to 5P* in,uces tissue %S' ulti+atel resulting in+al,eelo+ent of seeral organs as /rain' @i,ne an, testis (a/uto et al. 2##4!' ,istur/ances of ostnatal

rero,uctie functions (Ru/in et al.2##1D Aong et al.2##"D ar@e et al.2##"! an, /ehaiorall se= ,ifference(Palan?a et al.2##8!. *lso' )otti et al.(2#1#! reorte, that the alteration of the neuronal nitric o=i,e snthasee=ression +a /e one of the causes of the i+ortant /ehaioral changes notice, in /ishenol-e=ose, +ice.Seeral actions hae /een roose, for the to=icit of 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in (7C00! an, itscongeners (Safe 1$$#D 0e&ito < 5irn/au+ 1$$4D PohHanirta < 7uo+isto 1$$4D &an ,en 5erg et al.1$$4!'where %S is /eing consi,ere, as one of the i+ortant ones (Stohs et al.1$$# < 1$$1!. 7he a,+inistration ofsingle acute ,oses of 7C00 to la/orator ani+als in,uces the generation of R%S (5agchi < Stohs 1$$3D*lsharif et al.1$$4!' GP% (Stohs et al.1$83 < 1$$#! an, 0N* ,a+age (ah/a et al.1$88D Stohs et al.1$$#!'an, ,ecreases +e+/rane flui,it (*lsharif et al.1$$#! an, )SA (Stohs et al.1$$#! in lier an, other tissues.7hese o/serations hae /een reorte, / the stu, of Sle?a@ et al.(1$$$! who hae ,e+onstrate, consi,era/leincreases in heatic %2

L ro,uction an, GP% as well as significant inhi/ition of the leels of )SA an, F-tocoherol after seen ,as acute e=osure of +ice to 7C00. *lso' long-ter+ e=osure of +ice to 7C00 lea,sto the in,uction of /io+ar@ers of %S' inclu,ing generation of R%S' GP% an, 0N* ,a+age in lier an, /rain

tissues (Aassoun et al.1$$8D *lsharif et al.1$$$D 7ang et al.1$$$D Sle?a@ et al.1$$$!. Aassoun et al.(2### ?inc suero=i,e ,is+utase an,glutathione ero=i,ase in organs of ,eeloing +ouse e+/ros' fetuses' an, neonates. Pe,iatr. Res. 3"' 188- 1$6.0e &ito' P.' Inceri' S.' Pe,ersen' J..' Gul' P.' 2#1#. *trial natriuretic eti,e an, o=i,atie stress. Peti,es 31'1412-141$.0e &ito' P.' Inceri' S.' *ffa/ris' .' Percario' .' 5orgatti' .' )a+/ari' R.' Pe,ersen' J..' Gul' P.' 2#13.ffect of atrial natriuretic eti,e on reactie o=gen secies-in,uce, / h,rogen ero=i,e in 7AP-1

+onoctes9 Role in cell growth' +igration an, cto@ine release. Peti,es. ii9 S#1$6-$81(13!##3#6-$. ,oi91#.1#16>H.eti,es.2#13.#$.##2. Bu/ ahea, of rint


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0e/nath' 0.' an,al' 7..' 2###. Stu, of uinalhos (an eniron+ental oestrogenic insectici,e! for+ulation(@alu= 2" .C.!-in,uce, ,a+age of the testicular tissues an, antio=i,ant ,efense sste+s in Srague-0awleal/ino rats. J. *l. 7o=icol. 2#' 1$-2#4.0el aestro' R..' c0onal,' .' 1$8. 0istri/ution of suero=i,e ,is+utase' glutathione ero=i,ase an,

catalase in ,eeloing rat /rain. ech. of *geing an, 0e. 41' 2$-38.0enner' P.*.' 2#1#. %=i,atie stress in ,eelo+ent' Nature or nurtureO ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 4$(!' 114-11"1.0eRosa' ).' een' C.G.' Geach' R..' Aurle' G.S.' 1$8#. Regulation of suero=i,e ,is+utase actiit / ,ietar+anganese. J. Nutr. 11#' $"-8#4.0easagaa+' 7.P.' Sia/alan' R.' 7arachan,' .' 1$$#. Gii, ero=i,ation in the rat uterus ,uring ,eci,uo+ain,uce, cell ,ifferentiation. 5ioche+. Int. 21' 2-32.0e&ito' .' 5irn/au+' G.S.' 1$$4. 7o=icolog of the ,io=ins an, relate, che+icals. In' Schecter' *. (,.!'0io=ins an, Aealth. lseier' New [[email protected] )iulio' R.7.' ash/urn' P.C.' enning' R.J.' inston' )..' Jewell' C.S.' 1$8$. 5ioche+ical resonses inauatic ani+als9 a reiew of ,eter+inants of o=i,atie stress. niron. 7o=icol. Che+. 8' 11#3- 1123.0inis-%lieira' R.J.' 0uarte' J.*.' S.nche?-Naarro' *.' Re+io' .' 5astos' .G.' Caralho' .' 2##8. Parauatoisonings' +echanis+s of lung to=icit' clinical features' an, treat+ent' Crit. Re. 7o=icol. 8' 13-1.

0ong' .' 7erao@a' A.' on,o' S.' Airaga' 7.' 2##1. 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in in,uces aotosis inthe ,orsal +i,/rain of ?e/ra fish e+/ros / actiation of arl h,rocar/on recetor. Neurosci. Gett. 3#3' 16$-12.0onna' I.' noos' 5.' 2##. Pero=ire,o=ins in ga+etogenesis an, e+/ro ,eelo+ent. Su/cell. 5ioche+. 44'34"-3"".0reie+' *.' )ert?' C.C.' Seegal' R..' 2##". 7he effects of +ethl+ercur on +itochon,rial function an,reactie o=gen secies for+ation in rat striatal snatoso+es are age-,een,ent. 7o=icol. Sci. 8' 1"6-162.0rMge' .' 2##2. ree ra,icals in the hsiological control of cell function. Phsiol. Re. 82(1!' 4-$".0u+ollar,' R.' Carroll' J.' 0uchen' .R.' Ca+/ell' .' Swann' .' 2##$. itochon,rial function an, re,o=state in +a++alian e+/ros. Se+in. Cell. 0e. 5iol. 2#(3!' 346-3"3.0u+ollar,' R.' ar,' .' Carroll' J.' 0uchen' .' 2##. Regulation of re,o= +eta/olis+ in the +ouse ooctean, earl e+/ro. 0e. 134(3!' 4""-46".0u+oulin' J.C..' ers' J.G.A.' 5ras' .' Pieters' .A..C.' )erae,ts' J.P..' 1$$2. Positie effect of taurine

on rei+lantation +ouse e+/ros in vitro. J. Rero,. ertil. $4' 33-38#.l ouatassi+' S.' )uErin' P.' EnE?o' [.' 1$$$. =ression of genes enco,ing antio=i,ant en?+es in hu+anan, +ouse ooctes ,uring the final stages of +aturation. ol. Au+. Rero,. "(8!' 2#-2".l-5ahr' S..' 2#13. 5ioche+istr of free ra,icals an, o=i,atie stress. Sci. Int. 1("!' 111-11.+re' .A.' *@ta' ).' Polat' *.' &ar,t' N.' 2##. ffects of /en?o(a!rene an, ethanol on o=i,atie stress of/rain' lung tissues an, lung +orholog in rats. Chin. J. Phsiol. "#' 143-148.nli' [.' 7urgut' S.' %?te@in' %.' 0e+ir' S.' nli' A.' 7urgut' ).' 2#1#. Ca,+iu+ into=ication of regnant ratsan, fetuses9 Interactions of coer sule+entation. *rch. of e,ical Res. 41(1!' U13.nster' G.' 1$86. %=gen as an eniron+ental oison. Che+. Scr. J. 26' "2"-"34.ar+en' .'%lsi@' P.*' 5erntssen' .A.).' Allan,' .' 7ollefsen' ..' 2#1#. %=i,atie stress resonses inrain/ow trout (Oncorhynchus my!iss! heatoctes e=ose, to ro-o=i,ants an, a co+le= eniron+ental sa+le.Co+. 5ioche+. an, Phsiol. Part C9 7o=icol. < Phar+acol. 1"1(4!' 431U438.aetta' G.*.' John' .J.St.' ing' .*.' 5etts' 0.A.' 2##. Aigh leels of 66shc an, intracellular R%S in

er+anentl arreste, earl e+/ros. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 42' 12#1-121#.ern^n,e?' 5.' Ca+illo' J.*.' art]ne?-)Q+e?' C.' 5ene,icto' J.' 2#1#. *ntio=i,ant resonses in gills of+ussel (Mytilus "alloprovincialis! as /io+ar@ers of eniron+ental stress along the Sanish e,iterranean coast.*uatic 7o=icol. $$(2!' 186U1$.errari' *.' Gascano' C.I.' *nguiano' %.G.' 0T*ngelo' *..' &enturino' *.' 2##$. *ntio=i,ant resonses toa?inhos +ethl an, car/arl ,uring the e+/ronic ,eelo+ent of the toa, Rhinella (5ufo! arenaru+ Aensel.*uatic 7o=icol. $3(1!' 3-44.in@el' 7.' 1$$8. %=gen ra,icals an, signalling. Curr. %in.Cell. 5iol. 1#' 248-2"3.owler' P.*.' 0or' N.J.' cerran' A.' *+e?aga' .R.' iller' 0..' Gea' R.).' 2##8. In utero e=osure to low,oses of eniro+ental ollutants ,isruts fetal oarian ,eelo+ent in shee. ol. Au+. Rero,. 14' 26$-28#.ranco' R.'S^nche?-%lea' R.' Rees-Rees' ..' Panaioti,is' .I.' 2##$. niron+ental to=icit' o=i,atiestress an, aotosis9 Enage d 7rois. utat. Res. 64(1U2!' 3U22.ran@' G.' )roseclose' ..' 1$84. Prearation for /irth into an %2-rich eniron+ent' the antio=i,ant en?+es in

the ,eeloing ra//it lung. Pe,iatr. Res. 18' 24#-244.rie,ler' ).' 1$$6. Paternal e=osures' i+act on rero,uctie an, ,eelo+ental outco+e. *n oeriew.


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Phar+acol. 5ioche+. 5eha. ""' 6$1-##.uHii' J.' Iuchi' [.' atsu@i' S.' Ishii' 7.' 2##3. Cooeratie function of antio=i,ant an, re,o= sste+s againsto=i,atie stress in +ale rero,uctie tissues. *sian J. *n,rol. "' 231-242.uHii' J.' Iuchi' [.' %@a,a' .' 2##". un,a+ental roles of reactie o=gen secies an, rotectie +echanis+s in

the fe+ale rero,uctie sste+. Rero,. 5iol. n,ocrinol. 3' 43-"2.)ar,iner' C.S.' Ree,' 0.J.' 1$$4. Status of glutathione ,uring o=i,ant-in,uce, o=i,atie stress in therei+lantation +ouse e+/ro. 5iol. Rero,. "1' 13#-1314.)arrel' C.' owler' P.*.' *l-)u/or' .A. 2#1#. 0eelo+ental changes in antio=i,ant en?+atic ,efencesagainst o=i,atie stress in shee lacento+es. J. n,ocrinol. 2#"(1!' 1#U116.)hosh' 0.' 0as' .5.' isro' .' 2##2. Protectie role of F-tochoherol-succinate (roita+in-! incclohosha+i,e in,uce, testicular ga+etogenic steroi,ogenic ,isor,ers' a correlatie aroach to o=i,atiestress. ree Ra,. Res. 36' 11$$-12#8.)o,eas' C.' 7ra+er' .' icali' .' 1$$. 0istri/ution an, ossi/le noel role of hosholii, h,roero=i,eglutathione ero=i,ase in rat ei,i,+al ser+ato?oa. 5iol. Rero,. "' 1"#2-1"#8.)oala@rishna' R.' Ja@en' S.' 2###. Protein @inase C signaling an, o=i,atie stress. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 28'134$-1361.)ohinathan' &.' iller' N.J.' ilner' *.0.' 1$$4. 5iliru/in an, ascor/ate' antio=i,ant actiit in neonatal

las+a. 5S Gett. 34$' 1$-2##.)oto' [.' No,a' [.' ori' 7.' Na@ano' .' 1$$3. Increase, generation of reactie o=gen secies in e+/rosculture, in vitro. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 1"' 6$-".)oto' [.' No,a' [.' Nari+oto' .' +ao@a' [.' ori' 7.' 1$$2. %=i,atie stress on +ouse e+/ro ,eelo+entin vitro. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 13' 4-"3.)otti' S.' artini' .' &iglietti-Pan?ica' C.' iceli' 0.' Pan?ica' ).' 2#1#. ffects of estrous ccle an,=enoestrogens e=ositions on +ice nitric o=i,e ro,ucing sste+. Ital. J. *nat. +/rol. 11"(1-2!' 1#3-1#8.)ran,Hean' P.' eihe' P.' hite' R..' 0e/es' .' *ra@i' S.' [o@oa+a' .' 1$$. Cognitie ,eficit in -ear-ol,chil,ren with renatal e=osure to +ethl+ercur. Neuroto=icol. 7eratol. 1$' 41-428.)rosic@a' .' Sa,urs@a' 5.' S?u+ilo' .' )r?ela' 7.' Ga?arc?@' P.' Ni,erla-5ielins@a' J.' Rah,en-Staron' I.' 2##".ffect of glutathione ,eletion on aotosis in,uce, / thira+ in Chinese ha+ster fi/ro/lasts. Int.I++unohar+acol. "' 1$4"-1$"6.)ross' R.7.' 5racci' R.' Ru,olh' N.' 1$6. A,rogen ero=i,e to=icit an, ,eto=if ication in the erthrocte of

new/orn infants. 5loo, 2$' 481-4$3.)uErin' P.' l ouatassi+' S.' ene?o' [.' 2##1. %=i,atie stress an, rotection against reactie o=gen seciesin the re-i+lantation e+/ro an, its surroun,ings. Au+. Rero,. ,ate (2!' 1"-18$.)uErin' P.' EnE?o' [.' 1$$". Aotaurine an, taurine in ga+ete an, e+/ro eniron+ents' ,e noo snthesisia the csteine sulfinic aci, athwa in oi,uct cells. gote 3(4!' 333-343.)uErin' P.' 7aa?' .' )uillau,' J.' ene?o' [.' 1$$". 0e+onstration of csteine sulfinate ,ecar/o=lase (C4.1.1.2$! in culture, oi,uct eithelial cells in cows an, goats. C.R. *ca,. Sci. III. 318("!' "23-"28.Aaga' P.' Gun,e' ).' 1$8. Seleniu+ an, ita+in in cor, /loo, fro+ reter+ an, full-ter+ infants. *ctaPae,iatr. Scan,. 6' 3"-3$.Aalliwel' 5.' 2#11. ree ra,icals an, antio=i,ants - uo a,isO 7ren,s Phar+acol Sci. 32' 12"-13#.Aalliwell' 5.' )utteri,ge' J.' 1$$$. ree ra,icals in /iolog an, +e,icine. thir, e,.' %=for, niersit Press'%=for,.Aanigan' .A.' Ric@etts' .*.' 1$$3. =tracellular glutathione is a source of csteine for cells that e=ress

ga++a-gluta+l transeti,ase. 5ioche+. J. 32' 63#2-63#6.Aannas' 5.R.' 0as' P.C.' Gi' A.' Ge5lanc' ).*.' 2#1#. Intracellular conersion of eniron+ental nitrate an,nitrite to nitric o=i,e with resulting ,eelo+ental to=icit to the crustacean #aphnia ma"na. PGoS %ne "(8!9e124"3.Aass' .*.' assaro' 0.' 1$8. 0eelo+ental regulation of rat lung Cu' n-suero=i,e ,is+utase. 5ioche+. J.246' 6$-#3.Aassan' .W.' Stohs' S.J.' urra' .J.' 1$8". ffects of ita+ins an, * on 2'3''8-7etrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in (7C00!-in,uce, lii, ero=i,ation an, other /ioche+ical changes in the rat. *rch. niron. Conta+.7o=icol. 14' 43-442.Aassoun' .*.' *l-)hafri' .' */usha/an' *.' 2##3. 7he role of antio=i,ant en?+es in 7C00-in,uce,o=i,atie stress in arious /rain regions of rats after su/chronic e=osure. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 3"($!' 1#28-1#36.Aassoun' .*.' Gi' .' */usha/an' *.' Stohs' S.J.' 2###. 7he relatie a/ilities of 7C00 an, its congeners to

in,uce o=i,atie stress in the heatic an, /rain tissues of rats after su/chronic e=osure. 7o=icol. 14"' 1#3-113Aassoun' .*.' ang' A.' */usha/an' *.' Stohs' S.J.' 2##2. In,uction of o=i,atie stress in the tissues of rats


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after chronic e=osure to 7C00' 2'3'4''8-entachloro,i/en?ofuran' an, 3'3T'4'4T'"-entachloro/ihenl. J.7o=icol. niron. Aealth * 6"' 82"-842.Aassoun' .*.' ilt' S.C.' 0eito' .J.' &an 5ergelen' *.' *lsharif' N.' 5irn/au+' G.' Stohs' S.J.' 1$$8.In,uction of o=i,atie stress in the /rain tissues of +ice after su/chronic e=osure to 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o-

-,io=in. 7o=icol. Sci. 42' 23-2.Aaashi/e' A.' *saa+a' .' 0o/ashi' .' ato' .' 1$$#. Prenatal ,eelo+ent of antio=i,ant en?+es in ratlung' @i,ne' an, heart' +ar@e, increase in i++unoreactie suero=i,e ,is+utases' glutathione ero=i,ase' an,catalase in the @i,ne. Pe,iatr. Res. 2' 42-4".Ae' V.' Chen' .).' a' W.' 2##8. *ctiation of Nrf2 in ,efense against ca,+iu+ in,uce, o=i,atie stress.Che+. Res. 7o=icol. 21(!' 13"-1383.Ae' V.' Gin' ).V.' Chen' .).' hang' J.V.' a' W. 2##. Protection against chro+iu+ (&I!-in,uce, o=i,atiestress an, aotosis / Nrf2. Recruiting Nrf2 into the nucleus an, ,isruting the nuclear Nrf2>ea1 association.7o=icol. Sci. $8(1!' 2$8-3#$.Aerrera' .' %rtega' A.' *lino' ).' )ioannini' N.' *+usuiar' .' Cetin' I.' 2##4. Relationshi /etweenlas+a fatt aci, rofile an, antio=i,ant ita+ins ,uring nor+al regnanc. ur. J. Clin. Nutr. "8' 1231-1238.Aerrero' .5.' )oin' J.C.' 5ouet' .' Canteros' .).' ranchi' *..' Pere? artine?' S.' Pola@' J..' &iggiano'J..' )i+eno' .*.' 1$$. 7he nitric o=i,e snthase of +ouse ser+ato?oa. 5S Gett. 411(1!' 3$-42.

Ailscheroa' .' 5lan@enshi' *.G.' Nie' .' Coa,' ..' ha+' 5.G.' 7ros@o' J..' )ies' J.P.' 2##3.%=i,atie stress in lier an, /rain of the hatchling chic@en (Gallus domesticus! following in vivoinHection with7C00. Co+. 5ioche+. Phsiol. Part C 136 (1!' 2$-4".Ao' [.S.' )argano' .' Cao' J.' 5ronson' R.7.' Aei+ler' I.' Aut?' R.J.' 1$$8. Re,uce, fertilit in fe+ale +icelac@ing coer ?inc suero=i,e ,is+utase. J. 5iol. Che+. 23' 6"-6$.Aoff+an' 0.J.' elancon' .J.' lein' P.N.' Rice' C.P.' ise+ann' J.0.' Aines' R..' Sann' J..' Pen,leton')..' 1$$6. 0eelo+ental to=icit of PC5 126 (3'3T'4'4T'"-entachloro/ihenl! in nestling *+erican @estrels($alco sparverius!. un,a+. *l. 7o=icol. 34 (2!' 188-2##.Aol+es' R.P.' )oo,+an' A.%.' Shiha/i' ..' Jarow' J.P.' 1$$2. 7he taurine an, hotaurine content of hu+anse+en. J. *n,rol. 13' 28$-2$2.Aong' .J.' Choi' .C.' Jeung' .5.' 2##". aternal e=osure to /ishenol * ,uring late regnanc resulte, inan increase of Cal/in,in-0$@ +RN* an, rotein in +aternal an, ostnatal rat uteri. J. Rero,. 0e. "1' 4$$-"#8.Auang' .' Cao' G.' Giu' J.' Gin' G.' 0ou' S.' 2#1#. Short-ter+ +ercur e=osure affecting the ,eelo+ent an,

antio=i,ant /io+ar@ers of Jaanese floun,er e+/ros an, larae. coto=icol. niron. Saf. 3(8!' 18"U1883.Aughes' C..' Gewis' S..' cele-artin' &.J.' 7ho+son' .' 1$$6. * co+arison of /aseline an,in,uce, 0N* ,a+age in hu+an ser+ato?oa fro+ fertile an, infertile +en' using a +o,ifie, co+et assa. ol.Au+. Rero,. 2' 613-61$.Aussain' S.' Sli@@er' .Jr.' *li' S..' 1$$". *ge-relate, changes in antio=i,ant en?+es' suero=i,e ,is+utase'catalase' glutathione ero=i,ase an, glutathione in ,ifferent regions of +ouse /rain. Int. J. 0e. Neurosci. 13 (8!'811-81.I+ose+i' I.%.' 2#13. 7he role of antio=i,ants in cere/ellar ,eelo+ent. * reiew of literature. Int. J. orhol.31(1!' 2#3-21#.Inceri' S.' iore' *..' 0e &ito' P.' Pe,ersen' J..' 2##. Inole+ent of las+a +e+/rane re,o= sste+s inhor+one action. J. Phar+. Phar+acol. "$' 111-12#.Inglefiel,' J.R.' un,' .R.' Shafer' 7.J.' 2##1. Inositol 1'4'"-trihoshate recetor-sensitie Ca 2Z release'store-oerate, Ca2Z entr' an, c*P resonsie ele+ent /in,ing rotein hoshorlation in ,eeloing cortical

cells following e=osure to olchlorinate, /ihenls. J. Phar+acol. =. 7her. 2$' 62-3.Jain' S.' u+ar' C.A..' Suranagi' .0.' e,iratta' P..' 2#11. Protectie effect of N-acetlcsteine on/ishenol *-in,uce, cognitie ,sfunction an, o=i,atie stress in rats. oo, Che+. 7o=icol. 4$ (6!' 14#4U14#$.Jauniau=' .' )ul/is' 5.' 5urton' ).J.' 2##3. 7he hu+an first tri+ester gestational sac li+its rather thanfacilitates o=gen transfer to the foetusa reiew. Placenta 24' S86-S$3.Jauniau=' .' atson' *.G.' Ae+stoc@' J.' 5ao' [.P.' S@eer' J.N.' 5urton' ).J.' 2###. %nset of +aternalarterial /loo, flow an, lacental o=i,atie stress. * ossi/le factor in hu+an earl regnanc failure. *+. J.Pathol. 1"' 2111-2122.Ji+ene?' *.' u' .' Rawe' &.[.' Pelto-Aui@@o' .' lic@inger' C.J.' Sutos@' P.' )ustafsson' J-.' %@o' R.'iran,a-&i?uete' *.' 2##4. Ser+atocte>ser+ati,-secific thiore,o=in-3' a noel )olgi aaratus-associate,thiore,o=in' is a secific +ar@er of a/errant ser+atogenesis. J. 5iol. Che+. 2$' 34$1-34$82.Jin' V.' enne,' S..' 0i uccio' 7.' oon' 7..' 2##1. Role of o=i,atie stress an, antio=i,ant ,efense in3'3`'4'4`'"-entachloro/ihenl-in,uce, to=icit an, secies-,ifferential sensitiit in chic@en an, ,uc@

e+/ros. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 12' 241-248.Jishage' .' *rita' .' Igarashi' .' Iwata' 7.' atana/e' .' %gawa' .' 2##1. F-7ocoherol transfer rotein is


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i+ortant for the nor+al ,eelo+ent of lacental la/rinth troho/lasts in +ice. J. 5iol. Che+. 26' 166$-162.a/uto' A.' *+a@awa' .' Shishi/ori' 7.' 2##4. =osure to /ishenol-* ,uring e+/ronic>fetal life an,infanc increases o=i,atie inHur an, causes un,er ,eelo+ent of the /rain an, testis in +ice. Gife Sci. 4'2$31-2$4#.

alanara+an' 5.' 0arle-s+ar' &.' 0aies' .J.*.' 0enner' P.*.' or+an' A.J.' )risha+' .5.' ann' )..'oore' .' Ro/erts II' G.J.' Ischirooulos' A.' 2#12. easuring reactie o=gen an, nitrogen secies withfluorescent ro/es9 challenges an, li+itations. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. "2(1!' 1U6.a+i_s@i' P.' urhalu@' N.' Jer?a@' G.' asr?a@' .' 7@achen@o' A.' lawe' J.J.' S?a,-)ra,' .' oi+'5.' iniews@a' .' 2##$. cohsiological ,eter+inations of antio=i,ant en?+es an, lioero=i,ation in the/loo, of hite Stor@ Ciconia ciconia fro+ Polan,. niron. Res. 1#$(1!' 2$-3$.annan' .' Aolco+/e' R..' Jain' S..' *lare?-Aernan,e?' V.' Cherena@' R.' olf' R..' )lass' J.' 2###.i,ence for the in,uction of aotosis / en,osulfan in a hu+an 7-cell leu@e+ic line. ol. Cell. 5ioche+. 2#"'"3-66.anofs@' J.R.' 1$8$. Singlet o=gen ro,uction / /iological sste+s' Che+. 5iol. Interact. # (1-2!' 1-28.arowic?-5ilins@a' *.' e,?iora-ornatows@a' .' 5artos?' ).' 2##. In,ices of o=i,atie stress in regnancwith fetal growth restriction. ree Ra,. Res. 41(8!' 8#-83.asr?a@' .S.' 2##2. %=i,atie 0N* an, rotein ,a+age in +etal-in,uce, to=icit an, carcinogenesis. ree

Ra,. 5iol. e,. 32(1#!' $"8-$6.aur' P.' Ra,otra' 5.' in?' R..' )ill' .0.' 2##. I+aire, +itochon,rial energ +eta/olis+ an, neuronalaototic cell ,eath after chronic ,ichloros (%P! e=osure in rat /rain. Neuroto=icol. 28' 12#8-121$.hatta@' S.' -oghta,er' ).' cartin' .' 5arrera' .' enne,' 0.' oren' ).' 1$$$. Pregnanc outco+efollowing gestational e=osure to organic solents' a rosectie controlle, stu,. J** 281' 11#6-11#$.heirat' .' er?ou@' A.' 5ou,il+i' N.' er?ou@' S.*.' alti' *.' Narce' .' 2#13. %=i,atie stress /io+ar@ersin ,ia/etic +others an, their new/orns. *nnals of 5iol. Res. 4 (!' 3-8#.i+' J.).' Parthasarath' S.' 1$$8. %=i,ation an, the ser+ato?oa. Se+in. Rero,. n,ocrinol. 16' 23"-23$.i+' .5.' Gee' 5..' 1$$. %=i,atie stress to 0N*' rotein' an, antio=i,ant en?+es (suero=i,e ,is+utasean, catalase! in rats treate, with /en?o(a!rene. Cancer Gett. 113' 2#"-212.i+' .A.' ang' .W.' 1$$3. *ction of ita+in * on the testis' role of the Sertoli cell. In' Russel' G.0.')risworl,' .0. (,s.!' 7he Sertoli Cell. Cache Rier Press' Clearwater' G' . "1-"3".i+' 5-.' Rhee' J-S.' Par@' ).S.' Gee' J.' Gee' [-.' Gee' J-S.' 2#11. Cu>n- an, n-suero=i,e ,is+utase

(S%0! fro+ the coeo, %i"riopus&aponicus9 olecular cloning an, e=ression in resonse to eniron+entalollutants. Che+oshere 84(1#!' 146U14".le/anoff' S.J.' 1$$$. eloero=i,ase. Proc. *ssoc. *+. Phsicians 111("!' 383-38$.naen' ..C..' uster?eel' P.G..' Peters' .A..' Steegers' .*.P.' 1$$$. )lutathione an, glutathione-relate, en?+es in rero,uction' a reiew. ur. J. %/stet. )necol. Rero,. 5iol. 82' 11-184.oiula' .J.' ea' 7.' 2#1#. etal-relate, o=i,atie stress in /ir,s. niron. Pollut. 1"8(!' 23"$U23#.oni+' .' %h' S.' Gee' J.A.' I+' A.' iRu' [.' %h' .' Gee' J.' Gee' .' Sul' 0.' 2##4. aluation of/iological +onitoring +ar@ers using geno+ic an, roteo+ic analsis for auto+o/ile e+ission insectors an,waste incinerating wor@ers e=ose, to olcclic aro+atic h,rocar/ons or 2'3''8-tetracholro,e,i/en?o--,io=ins. =. ol. e,. 36' 3$6-41#.osower' N.S.' Song' .R.' osower' ..' )lutathione' I.&.' 1$6$. Intracellular o=i,ation an, cellular inHur.5ioche+. 5iohs. *cta 1$2' 23-28.rishna+oorth' ).' urugesan' P.' uthuel' R.' )una,harini' 0.N.' &iHaa/a/u' .R.' *run@u+ar' *.' 2##".

ffect of *roclor 12"4 on Sertoli cellular antio=i,ant sste+' an,rogen /in,ing rotein an, lactate in a,ult rat invitro. 7o=icol. 212(2-3!' 1$"-2#".u/ra@' %.I.' Gushcha@' %.&.' Gushcha@' J.&.' 7orous' I..' Store' J..' Store' .5.' Gushcha@' &.I.' 2#1#.Chro+iu+ effects on free ra,ical rocesses in gol,fish tissues9 co+arison of Cr(III! an, Cr(&I! e=osures ono=i,atie stress +ar@ers' glutathione status an, antio=i,ant en?+es. Co+. 5ioche+. Phsiol. C 7o=icol.Phar+acol. 1"2(3!' 36#-3#.u/ra@' %.I.' Ausa@' &.&.' Roen@o' 5..' Store' J..' Store' .5.' Gushcha@' &.I.' 2#11. Co/alt-in,uce,o=i,atie stress in /rain' lier an, @i,ne of gol,fish Carassius auratus.Che+oshere 8" (6!' $83U$8$.uHo' S.' 2##4. &ita+in C' /asic +eta/olis+ an, its function as an in,e= of o=i,atie stress. Curr. e,. Che+.11' 1#41-1#64.u@uc@a' .*.' isra' A.P.' 1$$3. 7he antio=i,ant ,efense sste+ of isolate, guinea ig Ge,ig cells. ol. Cell.5ioche+. 126' 1-.Galoraa' .' u+ar' ).P.' Galoraa' ..' 1$8$a. Aistoche+ical stu, of suero=i,e ,is+utase in the oar of

the rat ,uring the oestrous ccle. J. Rero,. ertil. 86' "83-"8.Galoraa' .' u+ar' ).P.' Galoraa' ..' 1$8$/. * ossi/le role of suero=i,e anion ra,ical in the rocess of


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/lastocst i+lantation in us +usculus. 5ioche+. 5iohs. Res. Co++un. 161' 62-#.Galoraa' .' u+ar' ).P.' Galoraa' ..' 1$$1. Changes in the suero=i,e ra,ical an, suero=i,e ,is+utaseleels in the uterus of Rattus noregicus ,uring the estrous ccle an, a ossi/le role for suero=i,e ra,ical inuterineoe,e+aan, cell roliferation at roestrus. 5ioche+. Cell. 5iol. 6$' 313-316.

Gaointe' J.' 5ilo,eau' J..' 2##3. *ntio=i,ant ,efenses are +o,ulate, in the cow oi,uct ,uring the estrousccle. 5iol. Rero,. 68' 11"-1164.Gee' 0..' %anashu@' G.*.' 2##4. Polchlorinate, /ihenl +i=ture *roclor 12"4-in,uce, o=i,atie stresslas a role in ,oa+inergic cell inHur. Neuroto=icol. 2"' $2"-$3$.Gee' I..' 1$$$. *ntio=i,ant ita+ins in the reention of cancer. Proc. *ssoc. *+. Phsicians 111' 1#-1".Gee' .[.' Shin' A..' 2##3. Ca,+iu+-in,uce, changes in antio=i,ant en?+es fro+ the +arine algaNannochlorosis oculata. J. *l. Phsiol. 1"' 13-1$.Gee' S.R.' [on' J..' 5ae@' I.J.' i+' .R.' Par@' C.).' Gee' 5.J.' [un' [..' Na+' S.[.' 2##8a. Satiote+orale=ression of selenorotein P gene in ost-i+lantational +ouse e+/ros. Int. J. 0e. 5iol. "2' 1##"-1#11.Gee' [.J.' Ru' A.[.' i+' A..' in' C.S.' Gee' J.A.' i+' .' 2##8/. aternal an, fetal e=osure to /ishenol* in orea. Rero,. 7o=icol. 2"' 413-41$.Geonar,' S.S.' Aarris' )..' Shi' V.' 2##4. etal-in,uce, o=i,atie stress an, signal trans,uction. ree Ra,. 5iol.e,. 3(12!' 1$21-1$42.

Gi' 0.' 0earaH' S.' uller' C.' 5ucala' R.' Jialal' I.' 1$$6. ffect of F-tocoherol on G0G o=i,ation an, glcation'in vitroan, in vivostu,ies. J. Gii, Res. 3' 1$8-1$86.Gi' J.' oote' R.A.' Si+@in' .' 1$$3. 0eelo+ent of ra//it ?gotes culture, in rotein-free +e,iu+ withcatalase' taurine' or suero=i,e ,is+utase. 5iol. Rero,. 4$' 33-3.Gi' W.' o/aashi' .' awa,a' 7.' 2##$. Chlorrifos in,uces aotosis in hu+an 7 cells. 7o=icol. 2""' "3-".Gi+' J.' San,ers' R.*.' [eager' R.G.' illsa' 0.S.' at@ins' J.5.' ells' J.7.' Aenshel' 0.S.' 2##8. *ttenuationof 7C00-in,uce, o=i,atie stress / 6# n+ hoto/io+o,ulation in ,eelo+ental chic@en @i,ne. J. 5ioche+.ol. 7o=icol. 22(4!' 23#-23$.Gi+Qn-Pacheco' J.' )onse/att .. 2##$. 7he role of antio=i,ants an, antio=i,ant-relate, en?+es in rotectieresonses to eniron+entall in,uce, o=i,atie stress. utat. Res. 64' 13-14.Giu' J.' )oer' R.*.' aal@es' .P. 2##8/. 7o=ic effects of +etals. In C. 0. laassen (,.!' Casarett an, 0oullTs7o=icolog. 7he 5asic Science of Poisons (. $31-$$!' e, New [or@' c)raw-Aill e,ical.Giu' J.' Wian' S.[.' )uo' W.' Jiang' J.J.' aal@es' .P.' ason' R.P.' a,iis@a' .5.' 2##8a. Ca,+iu+ generates

reactie o=gen- an, car/on-centere, ra,ical secies in rats9 Insights fro+ in vivo sin-traing stu,ies. reeRa,. 5iol. e,. 4"(4!' 4"U481.Giu' [.' 7e+leton' 0..' 2##8. Initiation of casase-in,een,ent ,eath in +ouse +esangial cells / C,2Z9inole+ent of 38 @inase an, Ca-II. J. Cell. Phsiol. 21' 3#U318.Giingston' 7.' Rich' .' acen?ie' S.' )o,@in' J.0.' 2##$. )lutathione content an, antio=i,ant en?+ee=ression of in vivo+ature, shee ooctes. *ni+al Rero,. Sci. 116' 26"-23.Giingstone' 0.R.' 2##1. Conta+inate,-sti+ulate, reactie o=gen secies ro,uction an, o=i,atie ,a+age inauatic organis+s. ar. Pollut. 5ull. 42' 6"6-666.GMffler' ).' Petri,es' P..' 1$88. Phsiologische Che+ie. 4 e,.' . 288' Sringer' 5erlin 1$88' IS5N 3-"4#-18163-6 (in )er+an!.Go+/ar,o' .' Sa/ellico' C.' 5al,ucci' &.' A^He@' J.' Sta@oa' &.' ilis@ringer' 5erlin 1$8' Geone' S.' ProiettiSilestri' I.' Righi' ).' Gul' P.' Saso' G.' Pe,ersen' J..' Inceri' S.' 5oicelli' P.' 2#13. Protection of cellsagainst o=i,atie stress / nano+olar leels of h,ro=flaones in,icates a new te of intracellular antio=i,ant

+echanis+. PGoS %ne 8 (4!' e6#$6.Gonergan' P.' %`earne-lnn' .' 5olan,' .P.' 1$$$. effect of rotein sule+entation an, resence of anantio=i,ant on the ,eelo+ent of /oine ?gotes in snthetic oi,uct flui, +e,iu+ un,er high or low o=gentension. 7heriogenol. "1' 1"6"-1"6.Goes' S.' Jurisicoa' *.' Sun' J.).' Caser' R..' 1$$8. Reactie o=gen secies9 otential cause for 0N*frag+entation in hu+an ser+ato?oa. Au+. Rero,. 13' 8$6-$##.Goro' &.G.' Jorge' .5.' Sila' .R.' oo,' C..' 2#12. %=i,atie stress ara+eters an, antio=i,ant resonse tosu/lethal water/orne ?inc in a eurhaline teleost$undulus heteroclitus9 rotectie effects of salinit. *uatic7o=icol. 11#-111' 18-1$3.Guc@' .R.' Jeaseelan' I.' Scholes' R.*.' 1$$". *scor/ic aci, an, fertilit. 5iol. Rero,. "2' 262-266.Guo' G.' Chen' A.' 7rush' .*.' Show' .0.' *nwa' .0.' ir@in' 5.R.' 2##6. *ging an, the /rown Norwarat Ge,ig cell antio=i,ant ,efense sste+. J. *n,rol. 2' 24#-24.Gushcha@' &.I.' 2#11. niron+entall in,uce, o=i,atie stress in auatic ani+als. *uatic 7o=icol. 1#1(1!'

13U3#.GToa' S.P.' */aea' ..' 1$$6. 7he tissue antio=i,ant sste+ in the earl ostnatal ,eelo+ent of rats. J.


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%ntogene? 2 (3!' 2#4-2#.a' W.' 2##$. 7ranscritional resonses to o=i,atie stress' athological an, to=icological i+lications.Phar+acol. 7her. 12"(3!' 36-3$3.a,en' .' 2###. 7he role of retinoic aci, in e+/ronic an, ost-e+/ronic ,eelo+ent. Proc. Nutr. Soc. "$'

6"-3.a,hastha' S.' Sahu' S.S.' Rao' ).' 2#13. Reseratrol for renatal-stress-in,uce, o=i,atie ,a+age in growing/rain an, its conseuences on surial of neurons. J. of 5asic an, Clin. Phsiol. an, Phar+acol. #(#!' 1U1#.a@@er' .' *garwal' *.' Shar+a' R.' 2##$. %=i,atie stress < +ale infertilit. In,. J. e,. Res. 12$' 3"-36.anHunatha' 5..' 0earaH' .' )uta' P.S.' Rain,ra' J.P.' Nan,i' S.' 2##$. ffect of taurine an, +elatonin inthe culture +e,iu+ on /uffalo in vitroe+/ro ,eelo+ent. Rero,. 0o+est. *ni+. 44(1!' 12-16.archlewic?' .' is?niews@a' 5.' 5aranows@a-5osiac@a' I.' Safranow' .' olasa' *.' )la/iws@i' .' 2##.Increase, lii, ero=i,ation an, ascor/ic aci, utili?ation in testes an, ei,i,u+is of rats chronicall e=ose, tolea,. 5io+etals 2#' 13-1$.arc?ns@i' 5.' Rihs' A.P.' Ross/ach' 5.' Aol?er' J.' *ngerer' J.' Scheren/erg' .' Aoff+ann' ).' 5runing' 7.'ilhel+' .' 2##2. *nalsis of 8-o=o-'8-,ih,ro-2-,eo=guanosine an, 0N* stran, /rea@s in white /loo,cells of occuationall e=ose, wor@ers' co+arison with a+/ient +onitoring' urinar +eta/olites an, en?+eol+orhis+s. Carcinogenesis 23' 23-281.

ariussen' .' hre' %.' Reista,' 7.' onnu+' .' 2##2. 7he olchlorinate, /ihenl +i=ture *roclor 12"4in,uces cell ,eath of rat cere/ellar granule cells' the inole+ent of the N-+ethl-0asartate recetor an,reactie o=gen secies. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 1$' 13-144.ar@e' C..' Ru,olh' 0.5.' Ga/us' J.C.' Ainton' 5.7.' 1$$8. %=i,atie stress ,ifferentiall regulates thee=ression of ga++a-gluta+l transeti,ase +RN*s in the initial seg+ent of the rat ei,i,+is. J. *n,rol. 1$'$2-$$.ar@e' C..' a,ia' P.R.' Ru/in' 5.S.' Sonnenschein' C.' Soto' *..' 2##". Gong-ter+ effects of fetale=osure to low ,oses of the =enoestrogen /ishenol-* in the fe+ale +ouse genital tract. 5iol. Rero,. 2'1344-13"1.atEs' J..' Segura' J.*.' *lonso' .J.' ^rue?' J.' 2#1#. Roles of ,io=ins an, hea +etals in cancer an,neurological ,iseases using R%S-+e,iate, +echanis+s. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 4$($!' 1328-1341.athews-Roth' ..' 2###. rthrooietic rotoorhria' treat+ent with antio=i,ants an, otential cure withgene thera. etho,s n?+ol. 31$' 4$-484.

at?u@' ..' 0ionne' G.' )uo' W.' u+ar' 7.R.' Ge/oit?' R..' 1$$8. %arian function in suero=i,e,is+utase 1 an, 2 @noc@out +ice. J. n,ocrinol. 13$' 4##8-4#11.aurel' 0.G.' Saa,' ..5.' Roch' ).' 2##2. 7esticular actiit is restore, / +elatonin relace+ent aftersurachias+atic nucleus lesion or suerior cerical ganglionecto+ in +in@. J. Pineal Res. 32' 1"-2#.cCu/re' J.*.' Gahair' ..' ran@lin' R.*.' 2##6. Reactie o=gen secies-in,uce, actiation of the *P@inase signaling athwas. *ntio=i, Re,o= Signal8($-1#!' 1"-18$.ena' S.' %rtega' *.' strela' J..' 2##$. %=i,atie stress in eniron+ental-in,uce, carcinogenesis. utat. Res.64' 36-44.enon' J.' Ro?+an' R.' 2##. %=i,atie stress' tissue re+o,eling an, regression ,uring a+hi/ian+eta+orhosis. Co+. 5ioche+. an, Phsiol.' Part C 14"' 62"-631essina' J.P.' Gawrence' 0.*.' 1$8$. Cell ccle rogression of glutathione ,elete, hu+an eriheral /loo,+ononuciear celt is inhi/ite, at S hase. J. I++unol. 143' 1$61-1$4.iller' J.).%.' Schult?' ).*.' 1$8. *+ino aci, content of rei+lantation e+/ros an, flui,s of the

rero,uctie tract. 5iol. Rero,. 36' 12"-12$.ise' A.' Sagawa' N.' atsu+oto' 7.' [ura' S.' Nanno' A.' Itoh' A.' ori' 7.' asu?a@i' A.' Aoso,a' .' %gawa'[.' Na@ao' .' 1$$8. *ug+ente, lacental ro,uction of letin in reecla+sia9 ossi/le inole+ent oflacental ho=ia. J. Clin. n,ocrinol. eta/. 83($!' 322"-322$.ishra' %.P.' 0elioria-Paa,rooulos' .' 1$88. *nti-o=i,ant en?+es in fetal guinea ig /rain tissue ,uring,eelo+ent an, the effect of +aternal ho=ia. 0e. 5rain Res. 42' 13-1$.onteiro' 0.*.' Rantin' .7.' alinin' *.G.' 2##$. 7he effects of seleniu+ on o=i,atie stress /io+ar@ers in thefreshwater characi, fish +atrin=''rycon cephalus ()jnther' 186$! e=ose, to organohoshate insectici,eolisuer 6## 5R (+ethl arathion!. Co+. 5ioche+. an, Phsiol. Part C9 7o=icol. < Phar+acol. 14$(1!' 4#U4$.oreau' R.' 0a/rows@i' .' 1$$8. 5o, ool an, snthesis of ascor/ic aci, in a,ult sea la+re (etromyonmarinus!' an agnathan fish with gulonolactone o=i,ase actiit. Proc. Natl. *ca,. Sci. $"' 1#2$-1#282.ru@a' 0.0.' Silestrini' 5.' o' -.' Cheng' C.[.' 2##2. *ntio=i,ant suero=i,e ,is+utase - a reiew' its

function' regulation in the testis' an, role in +ale fertilit. Contracetion 6"' 3#"-311.uguru+a' .' na+i' *.' an@i' .' uroiwa' [.' Nishi+ura' J.' 0ewa' [.' +e+ura' 7.' %ishi' [.'


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%en *ccess Pu/lisher.Phillis' .' Cataneo' R.N.' )reen/erg' J.' )unawar,ena' R.' Rah/ari-%s@ouia' .' 2##3. Increase, o=i,atiestress in ounger as well as in ol,er hu+ans. Clinica Chi+ica *cta. 328' 83-86.Pier' )..' Jor,an' .' 0on,linger' G.*.' *,ans' .5.' Ro?a' *. .' 1$$". Pero=i,atie stress in ,ia/etic

/loo, essels. Reersal / ancreatic islet translantation. 0ia/etes 44' 884-88$.PohHanirta' R.' 7uo+isto' J.' 1$$4. Short-ter+ to=icit of 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in in la/oratorani+als' effects' +echanis+ an, ani+als +o,els. Phar+acol. Re. 46' 483-"4$.PolHKa@' 5.' ilisa' I.' 2#13. *ging' o=i,atie stress an, antio=i,ants. In %=i,atie Stress an, Chronic0egeneratie 0iseases - * Role for *ntio=i,ants' Chater 14' . 331-3"6. , / J.*. orales-)on?^le?.Croatia9 Intech %en *ccess Pu/lisher.PolHKa@' 5.' Ja+ni@' P.' Rasor' P.' 2#11. %=i,ation-antio=i,ation-re,uction rocesses in the cell9 I+acts ofeniron+ental ollution. nccloe,ia of niron. Aealth 3##U3#6.Poston' G.' RaiH+a@ers' .7..' 2##4. 7roho/last o=i,atie stress' antio=i,ants an, regnanc outco+e*Reiew. Placenta' 2"' Sul. *' 7roho/last Res.' 18' S2-S8.Powers' 0..' ill+an' J.R.' Auang' R.5.' Colton' C..' 2##8. ffects of o=gen on +ouse e+/ronic ste+ cellgrowth' henote retention' an, cellular energetics. 5iotechnol. 5ioeng. J. 1#1' 241-2"4.Pror' .*.' Sua,rito' ).G.' 1$$". 7he che+istr of ero=nitrite' a ro,uct fro+ the reaction of nitric o=i,e

with suero=i,e' *+. J. Phsiol. 268' G6$$-G22.Puli,o' .0.' Parrish' *.R.' 2##3. etal-in,uce, aotosis9 +echanis+s' utat. Res. "33' 22-241.Wanungo' S.' u@herHea' .' 2###. %ntogenic rofile of so+e antio=i,ants an, lii, ero=i,ation in hu+anlacental an, fetal tissues. ol. Cell. 5ioche+. 21"' 11-1$.Wanungo' S.' Sen' *.' u@herHea' .' 1$$$. *ntio=i,ant status an, lii, ero=i,ation in hu+an feto-lacentalunit. Clin. Chi+. *cta 28"' 1-12Rah+an' I.' 2#12. Phar+acological antio=i,ant strategies as theraeutic interentions for C%P0. 5iochi+.5iohs. *cta. 1822("!' 14-28.RanH/ar' *.' Pasalar' P.' */,ollahi' .' 2##2. In,uction of o=i,atie stress an, acetlcholinesterase inhi/ition inorgano Rah+an hoshorous estici,e +anufacturing wor@ers. Au+. =. 7o=icol. 21' 1$-182.Ra' S.' Senguta' *.' Ra' *.' 2##. ffects of arauat on anti-o=i,ant sste+ in rats. In,. J. =. 5iol. 4"'432-438.Richetti' S..' Rose+/erg' 0.5.' &entura-Gi+a' J.' onserrat' J..' 5ogo' .R.' 5onan' C.0.' 2#11.

*cetlcholinesterase actiit an, antio=i,ant caacit of ?e/rafish /rain is altere, / hea +etal e=osure.Neuroto=icol. 32(1!' 116U122.Ric@ett' )..' ell' .J.' 1$$#. 0eelo+ental e=ression of antio=i,ant en?+es in guinea ig lung an, lier.0e. 1#8' 331- 336.Ri??o' *..' *,orni' G.' ontorfano' ).' Rossi' .' 5erra' 5.' 2##. *ntio=i,ant +eta/olis+ of Venous laeise+/ros ,uring the first ,as of ,eelo+ent. Co+. 5ioche+. an, Phsiol.' Part 5 146' $4-1##.Ro,r]gue?-stial' J.' artine?-Aaro' .' onsale-)on?^le?' G.' ateo' R.' 2#11. Interactions /etweenen,ogenous an, ,ietar antio=i,ants against P/-in,uce, o=i,atie stress in wil, ungulates fro+ a P/ ollute,+ining area. Sci. of the 7otal niron. 4#$(14!' 22"U233.Rooha' 0.P.' Gatha' P.C.' 2#13. Ca,+iu+ e=osure-in,uce, o=i,atie stressD ,ela in se=ual +aturation an,i+aire, hor+ones in ,eeloing rat oar. %=i,ants an, *ntio=i,ants in e,ical Sci. 2(3!' 181-186.Rossi' .' Caruso' .' Cresi' .J.' Pe,ersen' J..' Na@ano' ).' 0uong' .' c@ee' C.' Gee' S.' JiwraH@a' .'Cal,well' C.' 5affour' .' arlin' 0.*.' Gi,off' ).' Geone' S.' 5al,ucci' &.' iler' J.' Inceri' S.' 2#13.

Pro/ing antio=i,ant actiit of 2#-h,ro=chalcones9 Crstal an, +olecular structures' in vitroantiroliferatiestu,ies an,in vivoeffects on glucose regulation. 5iochi+ie $"' 1$"4-1$63.Ru/in' 5.S.' urra' ..' 0a+assa' 0.*.' ing' J.C.' Soto' *..' 2##1. Perinatal e=osure to low ,oses of/ishenol * affects /o, weight' atterns of estrous cclicit' an, las+a GA leels. niron. Aealth Persect.1#$' 6"-68#.Ru,nea' I.I.' 1$$$. *ntio=i,ant sste+ of 5lac@ Sea ani+als in earl ,eelo+ent. Co+. 5ioche+. Phsiol.'Part C 122' 26"-21.Ruffels' J.' )riffin' .' 0ic@enson' J..' 2##4. *ctiation of R1>2' JN an, P5 / h,rogen ero=i,e inhu+an SA-S["[ neuro/lasto+a cells9 role of R1>2 in A2%2-in,uce, cell ,eath. ur. J. Phar+acol. 483(2-3!'163-13.Rui?-Geal' .' )eorge' S.' 2##4. *n in vitro roce,ure for ealuation of earl stage o=i,atie stress in anesta/lishe, fish cell line alie, to inestigation of PA*A an, estici,e to=icit. ar. niron. Res. "8 (2-"!'631-63".

Safe' S.' 1$$#. Polchlorinate, /ihenls (PC5s!' ,i/en?o-,io=ins (PC00s!' ,i/en?ofurans (PC0s! an,relate, co+oun,s' niron+ental an, +echanistic consi,erations which suort the ,eelo+ent of to=ic


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euialenc factors (7s!. CRC Crit. Re. 7o=icol. 21' "1-8$.Sa@er' .' o@htari' N.S.' er?ou@' S.*.' er?ou@' A.' 5elar/i' 5.' Narce' .' 2##8. %=i,ant an, antio=i,antstatus in +others an, their new/orns accor,ing to /irthweight. ur. J. of %/stetr. < )necol. an, Rero,. 5iol.141' $"-$$.

Sa@ia' I.I.' 1$6. * ri/onucleorotein which catal?es thiol,isulfi,e e=change in the sea urchin egg. J. 5iol.Che+. 242' 14"8-1461.Sale+' .A.' a+el' .I.' [ousef' .I.' Aassan' ).*.' G-Nout' .0.' 2##1. Protectie role of ascor/ic aci, toenhance se+en ualit of ra//its treate, with su/lethal ,oses of aflato=in 51. 7o=icol. 162' 2#$-218.San,erson' J.7.' 2##6. 7he steroi, hor+one /iosnthesis athwa as a target for en,ocrine ,isruting che+icals.7o=icol. Sci. $4' 3-21.Sarafian' 7.' &erit' .*.' 1$$1. %=i,atie +echanis+s un,erling +ethl+ercur neuroto=icit. Int. J. 0e.Neurosci. $' 14-1"3.Sar,esai' &..' 1$$". Role of antio=i,ants in health +aintenance. Nutr. Clin. Pract. 1#' 1$-2".Sato' ..' o/uchi' A.' ,ashige' .' 7a@ahashi' .' [oshio@a' 7.' tsu+i' .' 1$$2. 0na+ic asects ofoarian suero=i,e ,is+utase iso?+es ,uring the oulator rocess in the rat. 5S Gett. 3#3' 121-12".Schafer' .W.' 5uettner' ).R.' 2##1. Re,o= eniron+ent of the cell as iewe, through the re,o= state of theglutathione ,isulfi,e>glutathione coule. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 3#' 11$1-1212.

Schet?er' A.).' Ne/ert' 0..' Puga' *.' *r' .' Sonntag' 0.' 0i=on' .' 1$$8. 0io=in causes a sustaine,o=i,atie stress resonse in the +ouse. 5ioche+. 5iohs. Res. Co++un. 2"3' 44-48.Schinella' ).R.' arin' .C.' *lani?' .J.7.' ,e 5uschia??o' P.' 7ou+ier' A.*.' 1$$$. *ntio=i,ant ,efencesste+ an, lii, ero=i,ation in lactating rats' ffect of ,ietar ita+in e ,uring gestation an, lactation. Nutr. Res.1$("!' $"-8#3.Schnei,er' .' &ogt eisenhorn' 0..' Seiler' *.' 5orn@a++' )..' 5riel+eier' .' Conra,' .' 2##6.+/ronic e=ression rofile of hosholii, h,roero=i,e glutathione ero=i,ase. )ene =ression Patterns6' 48$-4$4.Schroter' .' 5o,e+ann' A.' 1$#. =eri+entall in,uce, cation lea@s of the re, cell +e+/rane. %n the+echanis+ of he+olsis in new/orn infants. 5iol. Neonate 1"' 2$1-2$$.Schult?' ).' ae' P.G.' cCo' 0.J.' Johnson' .A.' 1$81. n,ogenous a+ino aci, ool si?es in +ouse eggsan, rei+lantation e+/ros. J. Rero,. ertil. 61' 38-3$3.Sen' *.' u@herHea' .' 1$$8. o,ulation of /ilaer flui,it / lii, ero=i,ation of hu+an lacental

snctiotroho/last +e+/ranes ,uring e+/rogenesis. In,. J. 5ioche+. 5iohs. 3"' 216-223.Sen' C..' Pac@er' G.' 1$$6. *ntio=i,ant an, re,o= regulation of gene transcrition (see co++ents!. *S5 J.1#' #$-2#.Shafer' 7.J.' un,' .R.' 7ilson' A.*.' o,aanti' P.R.' 1$$6. 0isrution of inositol hoshate accu+ulationin cere/ellar granule cells / olchlorinate, /ihenls' a conseuence of altere, Ca2Z ho+eostasis. 7o=icol.*l. Phar+acol. 141' 448-4"".Shar/i,re' *.*.' et@ari' &.' Pato,e' P.' 2#11. ffect of +ethl arathion an, chlorrifos on certain/io+ar@ers in arious tissues of gu fish'oecilia reticulate.Pestici,e 5ioche+. an, Phsiol. 1#1(2!' 132U141.Shar+a' [.' 5ashir' S.' Irsha,' .' )uta' S.0.' 0ogra' 7.0.' 2##". ffects of acute ,i+ethoate a,+inistrationon antio=i,ant status of lier an, /rain of e=eri+ental rats. 7o=icol. 2#6' 4$-".Shi' A.' Sui' [.' ang' V.' Guoa' [.' Ji' G.' 2##". A,ro=l ra,ical ro,uction an, o=i,atie ,a+age in,uce, /ca,+iu+ an, nahthalene in lier of Carassius auratus. Co+. 5ioche+. an, Phsiol.' Part C 14#' 11"-121.

Shi' .' [ang' A.' otle' .' )uo' .' 2##4. %ere=ression of Cu>n-suero=i,e ,is+utase an,>or catalase in+ice inhi/its aorta s+ooth +uscle cell roliferation. *+. J. Aertens. 1("!' 4"#-4"6.Shia@u+ar' 5.R.' *nan,atheerthaara,a' A..' Rain,ranath' &.' 1$$1. ree ra,ical scaenging sste+s in,eeloing rat /rain. Int. J. 0e. Neurosci. $ (2!' 181-18".Sies' A.' 1$$. %=i,atie stress' o=i,ants an, antio=i,ants. =. Phsiol. 82 (2!' 2$1-2$".Si@@e+a' J..' an RiHn' 5.5.' ran=' *.' 5ruinse' A..' ,e Roos' R.' Stroes' .S.' an aassen' ..' 2##1.Placental suero=i,e is increase, in re-ecla+sia. Placenta 22(4!' 3#4-3#8.Si++ons' R.*.' 2##6. 0eelo+ental origins of ,ia/etes' the role of o=i,atie stress. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 4#'$1-$22.Singh' R.' aur' 5.' alina' I.' Poo' 7.*.' )eorgiea' 7.' )arte' S.' 5in@oa' 5.' Sra+' R.J.' 7aioli' .' ar+er'P.5.' 2##. ffects of eniron+ental air ollution on en,ogenous o=i,atie 0N* ,a+age in hu+ans. utat. Res.62#' 1-82.Sle?a@' 5.P.' Aatch' )..' 0e&ito' .J.' 0ili/erto' J.J.' Sla,e' R.' Criss+an' .' Aassoun' .' 5irn/au+' G.S.'

2###. %=i,atie stress in fe+ale 56C31 +ice following acute an, su/chronic e=osure to 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in (7C00!. 7o=icol. Sci. "4' 3$#U3$8.


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S+all' 0..' Coo+/es' J.S.' 5ennett' N.' Johnson' 0..' )o/e' ).C.' 2#12. %=i,atie stress' anti-o=i,anttheraies an, chronic @i,ne ,isease.Nehrol.1(4!' 311U321.Son' [.%.' ang' V.' Aitron' J.*.' hang' .' Cheng' S.' 5u,hraHa' *.' 0ing' S.' Gee' J.C.' Shi' V.' 2#11.Ca,+iu+ in,uces autohag through R%S-,een,ent actiation of the G51-*P signaling in s@in

ei,er+al cells. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 2""(3!' 28-2$6.Song' [.' Giang' V.' Au' [.' ang' [.' [u' A.' [ang' .' 2##8. 'T-00 in,uces +itochon,ria +e,iate,aotosis of culture, rat Sertoli cells. 7o=icol. 2"3' "3-61.Sorg' %.' 2##4. %=i,atie stress' a theoretical +o,el or a /iological realitO C. R. 5iologies 32' 64$-662.Sosen@o' I.R.' ran@' G.' 1$8. )uinea ig lung ,eelo+ent' antio=i,ant en?+es an, re+ature surial inhigh %2. *+. J. Phsiol. Regul. 2"2' R6$3-R6$8.Sua,rito' ).G.' Pror' .*.' 1$$". 7he for+ation of ero=nitrite in vivo fro+ nitric o=i,e an, suero=i,e.Che+. 5iol. Interact. $6' 2#3-2#6.Sta,t+an' .R.' 1$$2. Protein o=i,ation an, aging. Sci. 2"("#4!' 122#-1224.Stanie@' .' Nohl' A. 2###. *re +itochon,ria a er+anent source of reactie o=gen seciesO 5iochi+. 5iohs.*cta 146#(2-3!' 268-2".Stara' *.' achoa' J.' &elise@' J.' 2#12. ffect of chronic e=osure to si+a?ine on o=i,atie stress an,antio=i,ant resonse in co++on car (Cyprinus carpioG.!. niron. 7o=icol. Phar+acol. 33(2!' 334-343.

Stohs' S.J.' *lsharif' N..' Shara' .*.' *l-5aati' .*.' ah/a' ..' 1$$1. i,ence for the in,uction of ano=i,atie stress in rat heatic +itochon,ria / 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in (7C00!. *,. =. e,.5iol. 283' 82-831.Stohs' S.J.' Aassan' .W.' urra' .J.' 1$83. Gii, ero=i,ation as a ossi/le cause of 7C00 to=icit.5ioche+. 5iohs. Res. Co++. 111' 8"4-8"$.Stohs' S.J.' Aassan' .W.' urra' .J.' 1$84. ffects of 5A*'d-F-tocoherol an, retinol acetate on 7C00-+e,iate, changes in lii, ero=i,ation' glutathione ero=i,ase actiit an, surial. Veno/iotica 14' "33-"3.Stohs' S.J.' Shara' .*.' *lsharif' N..' ah/a' ..' *l-5aati' .*..' 1$$#. 2'3''8-7etrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in-in,uce, o=i,atie stress in fe+ale rats. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 1#6' 126-13".St-Pierre' J.' 5uc@ingha+' J.*.' Roe/uc@' S.J.' 5ran,' .0. 2##2. 7oolog of suero=i,e ro,uction fro+,ifferent sites in the +itochon,rial electron transort chain. J. 5iol. Che+. 2(4!' 4484-44$#.Su' .' Gi+/eris' J.' artin' R.G.' Vu' R.' ol/e' .' Aeine+ann' S.A.' Aoshi' 7.' Co=' 5..' )intant' ).*.' 2##.unctional conseuences of +ethionine o=i,ation of hR) otassiu+ channels' 'iochem. harmacol.' 4("!'

#2-11.Sugino' N.' Shi+a+ura' .' 7a@iguchi' S.' 7a+ura' A.' %no' .' Na@ata' .' 1$$6. Change in actiit ofsuero=i,e ,is+utase in the hu+an en,o+etriu+ throughout the +enstrual ccle an, in earl regnanc. Au+.Rero,. 11' 1#3-1#8.Sugino' N.' 7a@iguchi' S.' ashi,a' S.' aru/e' *.' Na@a+ura' [.' ato' A.' 2###. Suero=i,e ,is+utasee=ression in the hu+an corus luteu+ ,uring the +enstrual ccle an, in earl regnanc. ol. Au+. Rero,. 6'1$-2".Surai' P.' ostHu@' I.' ishart' ).' acherson' *.' Sea@e' 5.' No/le' R.' Iono' I.' ut?' .' 1$$8. ffect of&ita+in an, seleniu+ sule+entation of coc@erel ,iets on glutathione ero=i,ase actiit an, lii,ero=i,ation susceti/ilit in ser+' testes' an, lier. 5iol. 7race le+. Res. 64' 11$-132.Sutos@' P.' Schatten' ).' 1$$. 0eletion of glutathione ,uring /oine oocte +aturation reersi/l /loc@s the,econ,ensation of the +ale ronucleus an, ronucleus aosition ,uring fertili?ation. 5iol. Rero,. "6' 1"#3-1"12.

Su?u@i' [.J.' or+an' A.J.' Seanian' *.' 1$$. %=i,ants as sti+ulators of signal trans,uction. ree Ra,. 5iol.e,. 22' 26$-28".7aira' J.' i+ura' .' [onea' 7.' Aagi' *.' ura@a+i' *.' a@ino' .' 1$$2. A,ro=l ra,ical for+ation /&-irra,iate, ei,er+al cells. J. 5ioche+. (7o@o! 111(6!' 6$3-6$".7ang' G.' *lsharif' N..' Aassoun' .' Pe,erson' C.' Shara' .' 1$$$. Role of o=i,atie stress in the su/chronicto=icit of 7C00 in C"5G' 6J fe+ale +ice. 7o=icologist 48' 218.7answell' *..' ree+an' 5.*.' 1$84. Pul+onar antio=i,ant en?+e +aturation in the fetal an, neonatal rat. I.0eelo+ental rofiles. Pe,iatr. Res. 18' "84-"8.7arin' J.J.' 1$$6. Potential effects of age-associate, o=i,atie stress on +a++alian ooctes>e+/ros. ol. Au+.Rero,. 2 (1#!' 1-24.7hannic@al' &.J.' an/urg' 5.G.' 2###. Reactie o=gen secies in cell signaling. *+. J. of Phsiol.9 GungCell.an, ol. Phsiol. 2$(6!' G1##"-G1#28.7harael' J.C.' Geh+ler' A-J.' Sriniasan' C.' Ro/ertson' G..' Sear' 5.7.' )lauert' A.P.' 2##8. ffect of

antio=i,ant htoche+icals on the heatic tu+or ro+oting actiit of 3'3'4'4-tetrachloro/ihenl (PC5-!.

oo, an, Che+. 7o=icol. 46(11!' 346U344.


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7hews' %.' Ga+/ert' C.' elleher' 0..' 5iesals@i' A..' &auel' P.' ran@' J.' 2##". Possi/le rotectie effectsof alha-tochoherol on enhance, in,uction of reactie o=gen secies / 2-+etho=estra,iol in tu+ors. *,.=. e,. 5iol. "66' 34$-3"".7ho+as' .' Jain' S.' u+ar' ).P.' Galoraa' .' 1$$. * rogra++e, o=ra,ical /urst causes hatching of

+ouse /lastocsts. J. Cell Sci. 11#' 1"$-16#2.7ho+son' J.' 5annigan' J.' 2##8. Ca,+iu+' to=ic effects on the rero,uctie sste+ an, the e+/ro. Rero,.7o=icol. 2"' 3#4-31".7houas' ).*.' 7rounson' *.%.' Jones' )..' 2##". ffect of fe+ale age on +ouse oocte ,eelo+entalco+etence following+itochon,rial inHur. 5iol. Rero,. 2' 366-33.7o+ita' .' atsua+a' A.' %@ua+a' 7.' Ai,a@a' .' inatogawa' [.' 2##". Changes in gene e=ression leelfor ,efense sste+ en?+es against o=i,atie stress an, glutathione leel in rat a,+inistere, arauat' Int. J.ol. e,. 1"' 68$-6$3.7ra/er' .).' Pac@er' G.' 1$$". &ita+in ' /eon, antio=i,ant function. *+. J. Clin. Nutr. 62' 1"#1S-1"#$S.7rei,el' G.*.' hitle' 5.N.' 5enowit?-re,eric@s' ..' Aauss+ann' ..' 2#13. Prenatal e=osure totestosterone i+airs o=i,atie ,a+age reair efficienc in the ,o+estic chic@en (Gallus "allus!. 5iol. Gett. $("!'2#13#684.7su@i+ori' .' [oshito+i' 7.' oro@u+a' S.' u@ushi+a' .' a@e' N.' 2##8. Seru+ uric aci, leels correlate

with las+a h,rogen ero=i,e an, rotein car/onl leels in reecla+sia. *+. J. Aertens. 21(12!' 1343-1346.7u/+an' 7.R.J.' Aalli,a' A.G.' caster' 0.' 1$$#. )lutathione ero=i,ase an, seleniu+ leels in the reter+infant. 5iol. Neonate "8' 3#"-31#.7urrens' J.. 1$$. Suero=i,e ro,uction / the +itochon,rial resirator chain. 5iosci. Re. 1(1!' 3-8.7waros@i' 7.P.' %`5rien' .G.' Gar+onier' N.' )lauert' A.P.' Ro/ertson' G..' 2##1. Polchlorinate, /ihenl-in,uce, effects on +eta/olic en?+es' *P-1 /in,ing' ita+in ' an, o=i,atie stress in rat lier. 7o=icol. *l.Phar+acol. 11' 8"-$3.7wigg' J.P.' Irine' 0.S.' *it@en' R.J.' 1$$8. %=i,atie ,a+age to 0N* in hu+an ser+ato?oa ,oes not reclu,eronucleus for+ation at intractolas+ic ser+ inHection. Au+. Rero,. 13' 1864-181.7rrell' R..' 1$$". ltraiolet ra,iation an, free ra,ical ,a+age to s@in. 5ioche+. Soc. S+. 61' 4-"3.fer' C.' ang' C.C.' 2#11. 7he roles of glutathione ero=i,ases ,uring e+/ro ,eelo+ent. ront. ol.Neurosci. 4' 12.

?/e@o' .).' 5u/noa' N.I.' uli@oa' ).&.' 2##. ffect of renatal lea, e=osure on suero=i,e ,is+utaseactiit in the /rain an, lier of rat fetuses. 5ull. =. 5iol. e,. 144' 83-8".&al@o' .' Gei/frit?' 0.' oncol' J.' Cronin' .7.0.' a?ur' .' 7elser' J.' 2##. ree ra,icals an, antio=i,antsin nor+al hsiological functions an, hu+an ,isease. Int. J. of 5ioche+. < Cell 5iol. 3$' 44-84.&al@o' .' orris' A.' Cronin' . 7. 2##". etals' to=icit an, o=i,atie stress. Curr. e,. Che+. 12(1#!'1161-12#8.&al@o' .' Rho,es' C.J.' oncol' J.' I?a@oic' .' a?ur' .' 2##6. ree ra,icals' +etals an, antio=i,ants ino=i,atie stress-in,uce, cancer. Che+. 5iol. Interact. 16#' 1-4#.&an ,en 5erg' .' 0eJongh' J.' %lson' J.R.' 1$$4. 7he to=ico@inetic +eta/olis+ of olchlorinate, ,i/en?o-,io=ins (PC00s! an, ,i/en?ofurans (PC0s! an, their releance for to=icit. CRC Crit. Re. 7o=icol. 24' 1-4.an Gieshout' ..' naen' ..' Gange' .P.' Steegers' .*.' Peters' .A.' 1$$8. Gocali?ation of glutathioneS-transferases alha an, i in hu+an e+/ronic tissues at 8 wee@s gestational age. Au+. Rero,. 13' 138#-1386.&an Poel' ).' an ,en 5erg' A.' 1$$. &ita+ins an, cancer. Cancer Gett. 114(1-2!' 1$"-2#2.

&an,en/erg' G.N.' Aauser' R.' arcus' .' %lea' N.' elshons' .&.' 2##. Au+an e=osure to /ishenol *(5P*!. Rero,. 7o=icol. 24' 13$-1.&annucchi' C.I.' Jor,ao' *.*.' &annucchi' A.' 2##. *ntio=i,ant co+oun,s an, o=i,atie stress in fe+ale ,ogs,uring regnanc. Res. &et. Sci. 83' 188-1$3.&ega-Goe?' *.' )alar-artine?' .' Ji+ene?-%ro?co' .*.' )arcia-Gatorre' .' 0o+ingue?-Goe?' .G.' 2##6.)en,er relate, ,ifferences in the o=i,atie stress resonse to PC5 e=osure in an en,angere, goo,ei, fish(Girardinichthys viviparus!. Co+. 5ioche+. Phsiol. 146 (4!' 62U68.&en@atara+an' P.' rishna+oorth' ).' &engatesh' ).' Sriniasan' N.' *rul,has' ..' *runa@aran' J.' 2##8.Protectie role of +elatonin on PC5 (*roclor 12"4! in,uce, o=i,atie stress an, changes in acetlcholineesterase an, +e+/rane /oun, *7Pases in cere/ellu+' cere/ral corte= an, hioca+us of a,ult rat /rain. Int. J.0e. Neurosci. 26' "8"-"$1.&en@atara+an' P.' uthuel' R.' rishna+oorth' ).' *run@u+ar' *.' Sri,har' .' Sriniasan' N.'5alasu/ra+anian' .' *rul,has' ..' *runa@aran' J.' 2##. PC5 (*roclor 12"4! enhances o=i,atie ,a+age in

rat /rain regions9 Protectie role of ascor/ic aci,. Neuroto=icol. 28' 4$#-4$8.&en@atara+an' P.' Sri,har' .' 0hana++al' S.' &iHaa/a/u' .R.' Sriniasan' N.' *runa@aran' J.' 2##4.


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*ntio=i,ant role of ?inc in PC5 (*roclor 12"4! e=ose, entral rostate of al/ino rats. J. Nutr. 5ioche+. 1" (1#!'6#8-613.&iHaael' .' )o+athi' 0.' 0urga/haani' .' 5alasu/ra+anian' .P.' 2##4. Su/lethal effect of nahthalene onlii, ero=i,ation an, antio=i,ant status in the e,i/le +arine cra/ Sclla serrata. ar. Pollut. 5ull. 48' 42$- 433.

&oie' %.*.' onnu+' .' 2###. ffect of olchlorinate, /ihenls on ro,uction of reactie o=gen secies(R%S! in rat snatoso+es. *rch. 7o=icol. 3' "88-"$3.&uchetich' P.J.' 5agchi' 0.' 5agchi' .' Aassoun' .*.' 7ang' G.' Stohs' S.J.' 1$$6. Nahthalene-in,uce,o=i,atie stress in rats an, the rotectie effects of ita+in succinate. ree Ra,. 5iol. e,. 21' "-"$#.ah/a' ..' Gawson' 7.*.' Stohs' S.J.' 1$88. In,uction of heatic 0N*-single stran, /rea@s in rats / 2'3''8-tetrachloro,i/en?o--,io=in (7C00!. Cancer Gett. 2$' 281-286.alsh' S..' &aughan' J..' ang' [.' Ro/erts' G.J.' 2###. Placental isorostane is significantl increase, inreecla+sia. *S5 J.14' 128$U12$6.an' J.' inn' G..' 2##8. In utero e=osure to /en?ene increases e+/ronic c-/ an, Pi+-1 rotein leels inC0-1 +ice. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 228' 326U333.an' J.'inn' G..' 2##6. In utero-initiate, cancer' the role of reactie o=gen secies. 5irth 0efects Res. C+/ro 7o,a 8' 326-332.ang' [.' alsh' S..' 1$$6. 7N alha concentrations an, +RN* e=ression are increase, in reecla+tic

lacentas. J. Rero,. I++unol. 32(2!' 1"-16$.arren' *.[.' atharoo-5all' 5.' Shaw' R..' han' R.N.' 2##". A,rogen ero=i,e an, suero=i,e anion+o,ulate regnant hu+an +o+etrial contractilit. Rero,. 13#' "3$-"44.ells' P.).' 5huller' [.' Chen' C.S.' Jeng' .' asainoic' S.' enne,' J.C.' 2##". olecular an, /ioche+ical+echanis+s in teratogenesis inoling reactie o=gen secies. 7o=icol. *l. Phar+acol. 2#(2 Sul.!' 3"4-366.ells' P.).' cCallu+' ).P.' Chen' C.S.' Aen,erson' J.7.' Gee' C.J.J.' Perstin' J.' Preston' 7.J.' ile' .J.'ong' *..' 2##$. %=i,atie stress in ,eelo+ental origins of ,isease9 teratogenesis' neuro,eelo+ental,eficits' an, cancer. 7o=icol. Sci. 1#8(1!' 4U18.haun' J..' %s@i' .*.' 1$#. Relation of /loo, cell glutathione ero=i,ase to neonatal Haun,ice. Pe,iatr. 6'"""-"6#.ieloch' .' a+i_s@i' P.' %ssows@a' *.' oi+-Puchows@a' 5.' Stuc?_s@i' 7.' uligows@a-Prusi_s@a'.' 0+e@' ).' a_@ows@a' *.' %,rowk-Sniews@a' ).' 2#12. 0o to=ic hea +etals affect antio=i,ant

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11#

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