The Development of Technical Standards for Philippine Libraries

Corazon M. NeraDirector of Libraries, Lyceum of the Philippines

Member, Board for Librarians, PRC

Outline of Presentation:Legal Basis PRC Modernization Act of 2000 Section 9, b RA 9246 Article 2, Section 8, hDefinition of Terms Standards Technical Standards Best PracticesDevelopment of Technical StandardsPAARL Initiatives for Developing Technical Standards Projects Seminar-WorkshopsBest Practices as Technical Standards Collection Development Technical Services Cataloging and Classification IndexingConclusionsRecommendations

PRC Modernization Act of 2000

Sec. 9. Powers, Functions and Responsibilities of the Various Professional Regulatory Boards.

(b) To monitor the conditions affecting the practice of the profession….and/or the maintenance of high professional, ethical and technical standards….

R.A. 9246 Sec. 8. -Powers, Functions and Duties of the Board. -The specific powers, functions, duties and responsibilities are:

(h) To adopt and prescribe a Code of Ethics and a Code of Technical Standards for Librarians.

Definition of Terms:

Standards -

(1) A mutually agreed-upon designation that helps to ensure a consistent result.

(2) Offer a model that organizations, projects, and libraries can use as the basis for creating practical systems and guidelines.

(3) Give the rules.

(4) Make it easier to determine the requirements for training staff

Variations:Technical Standards - are the most exacting; yield identical result

Conventions - more flexible, accommodate variations, similar results

Guidelines - broad set of practice; criteria can be measured

Procedural Standards - define the scope of the procedures

Cont. Definition of terms:

Best Practice 1. Plan, action, or service that has been improved and implemented

2. A team effort, deciding when and how to use a program

Why should we use Standards?

- Affects all walks of modern life

- Foundation to ensure uniformity

- Reliability and excellence

- To achieve efficiency and economy

- Accountability

- Easier to understand and use systems and procedures

Development of Technical Standards

1. Voluntary consensus

2. Subcommittees and working groups are created

3. Comments and negative ballots are resolve

4. Public forum

5. Maintaining standards by periodic reviews

6. Other duties: amend, revise, issue a technical correction

Who will write these standards?

• Support and participation of the librarians

• Library associations work by consensus

• Consult members about details

• Public endorsement

PAARL Projects/Initiatives for Developing Technical Standards

1974 Index to Philippine Periodicals

1974 Philippine Union Catalog

1975 Philippine Name Headings

1986 Union List of Theses, SY1975-76 to 1978-79

1986 Union List of Serials on Business and Economics

1986 Compilation of Graduate Theses, 1983-1984

1988 Compilation of Theses and Dissertations, 1981-1982

1991 Compilation of Theses and Dissertations, 1984-1988

1991 Union List of Serial Holdings in Education

1991 Union List of Serial Holdings in Science and Technology

2004 Core Collections : Social Sciences, Humanities, Sciences

1977 Descriptive and Subject Cataloging1981 Archives Administration1982 AACR2 Interpretation1984 Library Reclassification (from DDC to LC)1985 The Technical Aspects of Non-Print Materials1986 Organization of Non-Print (AV) Materials1987 Indexing and Abstracting

Collection Evaluation and Development/Tech. Report Writing1989 Strategies for Computerization of Library Processes

Classification and Cataloging1990 Developing Procedural Manuals for the Readers and Technical 1992 Technical Skills for Librarians1993 Towards a Standardized Procedural Manual In Cataloging of

Filipiniana : A Manual for Filipiniana Subject Headings1995 Accreditation and Library Standards: Achieving Academic

Excellence1997 The Application of the Information Technology in the Tech. Services 1998 Library Standards: Issues and Updates2005 Technical Services in the Changing Library Environment

PAARL Seminar Workshops as Benchmark for Technical Standard

Best Practices as Technical Standards

Collection Development

Rondilla, Rhoel E., 1965- Selection practices in selected academic libraries and its impact on collection development. -2002. xviii, [127] leaves

Sagun, Juliana Burigsay, 1960- The development of the audiovisual collection of the Biblical Seminary of the Philippines Library. -2002. xii, 79 leaves

Sala, Virgilio Fernandez Audiovisual collection management: deselection and preservation of audiovisual collections of selected private and religious school learning resource centers in Marikina City. -2002. xix, 77leaves

De la Cruz, Henrietta Ignacia O. Assessment of the non-print media materials collection and utilization ofCor Jesu College (CJC) : basis of a proposed procedural manual of a media. -2001

Technical Services

Ramos, Marian Sabat, 1978 Outsourcing library technical services operations : practices in academic and special libraries in Metro Manila . -2004. xviii, 218 leaves

Quijano, Ma. Victoria G. The technical services of the Dela Salle University - DasMariñas Library : A proposal for library networking -2002.

Sales, Mila Hidalgo A proposed technical services manual of the Seventh-Day Adventist academic libraries in the Philippines. -1999. 238 leaves.

Ibay, Maribeth de la Cruz The development of a proposed procedural manual on acquisition, organization, use and maintenance of non-book materials in the Mapua Institute of Technology Library.-1998. 293 leaves.

Cataloging - Authority Lists

Repulda, Sandra Kapunan, 1944 A Dictionary of Philippine acronyms and initialisms, 1946-1973.- 1975. [8], 297 leaves

Filipino author's names in AACR 2 headings / compiled and edited by Corazon R. Lim.-Manila : Ram Pub., c1995.

Cataloging - Procedures

Celerio, Elvira A., 1950 Use study of the card catalog at the University of the Philippines at Los Baños library. -1991. 102 leaves

Saul, Conception De Leon, 1957 Development of time standards for catalogers of the University of the Philippines Diliman Library System. -1990. 92 leaves

Cont. Cataloging - Procedures

Penid, Norma Juego, 1941- Cataloging practices among Association of Colleges of Agriculture in the Philippine libraries as a basis for a proposed book processing center. -1975. [13], 101 leaves

Bondoc, Myrna S., 1950 Conversion from manual to an automated cataloging system in selected academic and special libraries in Metro Manila: a case study. -1998. 102 leaves

Lim, Corazon R., 1936- The Effectiveness of the National Union Catalog and the Marcfiche as searching tools in the Cataloging Section of the Rizal Library. -1978. [11], 110 leaves.

Cataloging - Subject Headings

Lacson, Erlinda B., 1938 Paksang pamuhatan sa Pilipino. -1979 [9], ix, 519 leaves

Nalundasan, Zenaida Filipiniana list of subject headings (FLSH) as used at the Conrado Benitez Memorial Library and Museum. -Manila: APB Educ. Materials, c1994. 104p.

Cataloging - Classification

Lee, Verna Chua, 1953- A proposed expansion of the Library of Congress schedule DS651 to DS689 for Philippine history. -1988. 181 leaves

Baylon, Conception S. Dewey decimal classification expansion for Philippine languages, literature and history : an assessment. - 1988. 283 leaves.

Cont. Cataloging - Classification

Yso, Lorna Tumulak Experiences of libraries reclassifying from the Dewey Decimal Classification to the Library of Congress Classification scheme and their implications to Siliman Univeristy Library. -1984. xx, 181 leaves :

Aguirre, Vyva Victoria Magsarili, 1945 A proposed classification schedule for University of the Philippines publications based on the Library of Congress Classification Scheme. -1975. ix, 64 leaves

Rosali, Rosemarie G. A development of the Philippine Tables for LC Class H. -1983 [10], 238 leaves

University of the Philippine Library. Philippine Literature Classification Schedule. (Adaptation of table Da in LC's PJ-PM)

University of the Philippine Library. Philippine Literature Classification Schedule. (Adaptation of table Da in LC's PJ-PM)

Cont. Cataloging - Classification

Summary:

PL6140-6158 Tagalog Literature - GeneralPhilippine Literature - Vernacular

PL6160-6165 Tagalog LiteraturePL6166-6175 Bisaya LiteraturePL6176-6178 Iloko LiteraturePL6179-6181 Bikol LiteraturePL6182-6184 Pampango LiteraturePL6185-6187 Pangasinan LiteraturePL6188-6189 OthersPQ8700-8899 PhilippineLiterature-SpanishPS9991-9993 Philippine Literature-English

Rizal Scheme : DS 675.8.R4-5

R4 Congresses, societies 47 Political writings 41 Periodicals 42 Museum A1-5 Collections 43 Anniversaries A6 Selection 44 Controversies A8 Separate, by title 45 Autobiography 46 Letters, correspondences R5 Biography .A1 Collection .A3 Family .A1 Collection, anthology . A4 Blumentritt .A3-Z8 By author .A5 Pastels Z9 Bibliography, .A6 Reformists indexes, etc. .A7 Singles letters, by date

Cont. Cataloging - Classification

Indexing

Manaay, Lyle D., 1969 Cooperative indexing in U.P. Diliman Library system with implications to the Index to Philippine Periodicals (IPP): a basis for an action plan. -2002. xx, 50 leaves

De Guzman, Ma. Girlie E., 1961 A developmental study of the Visayan Daily Star through an index : 1982-1996 / Girlie E. De Guzman. -1998. xi, 281 leaves

Murillo, Regina Nalian, 1956 Evaluation of the index to Philippine periodicals as a tool in the retrieval of periodical literature. -1991

Obejera, Nicanora J. An index to humanities in anthologies at the Filipiniana and the CebuanoStudies Center Libraries of the University of San Carlos. -3v. -1996.

Serials Management

Macale, Basilio P, The development of a proposed procedural manual on serials management in the Mapua Institute of Technology library. -2003

Anday, Vilma Gendrano The University of the Philippines at Los Baños Union List of Serials : a conversion of record formats from Statistical Analysis system to MINISIS. -1985. 34, [60] leaves :

Government Documents

PhilDoc Classification Scheme. Special Committee on the Revision The classification scheme for Philippine government publications. -Rev ed. - Makati City: LISCO Multipurpose Cooperative, c2002. 193p.

Austria, Carmelita S. Checklist of Philippine government documents, 1963-1973 -1985. 3v.

Cont. Government Documents

Del Castillo, Elena A. A checklist of government publications available in some libraries and information centers in Cebu City as of 1983-1984. -1985.

Filipiniana

Tal Placido, Ignatius R. An assessment of the Filipiniana collections of selected private universities in Luzon. -2002

Cortez,Exper D. Filipiniana collections and networking of libraries in region X. -2001

Conclusion:

1. There are no technical standards yet for the library profession in the Philippines but the literature abounds with studies, proposals, projects documenting best practices that could be adopted as standards.

2. The ingenuity and creativity of the Filipino librarian is projected in the various researches.

3. Our needs are unique, hence the need for appropriate national standards but not compromising international standards.

4. PAARL has fulfilled its mission and continued to be The Association that pioneered the advocacy for the development of technical standards for Philippine libraries.

5. The need for technical standards is urgent

Recommendations

PAARL to:

1. Appoint a committee to review, evaluate and study all the researches on the best practices of Philippine libraries and librarianship.

2. Endorse these best practices to the Board for Librarians for proper recognition and endorsement to the Professional Regulation Commission.

3. Disseminate information about best practices for adoption.

4. Publish the information so that other libraries, the world over will know.

5. Implement the technical standards.