The CSG Industry Working Together To Address our Safety
Challenges Joint Industry Contract Regulator Forum 6 May 2011
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CSG Industry Fatigue Risk Management Guideline Dr Kirsty
McCulloch
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Sleep, Alertness & Fatigue Accident Risk Performance
Health/Social Big consequences if we dont get it right
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Fatigue Risk Management Models Restricted Hours Industrially
Negotiated Largely Ineffective at FRM Traditional FRM Multiple
Controls Red Flag System Identify Risk Manage Risk Proposed CSG
FRM
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Managing Fatigue: Its All About Sleep! Sleep Opportunity (Work
Hours) Actual Sleep Symptoms and Behaviours Errors &
Near-misses INCIDENTS Dawson & McCulloch (2005), Sleep Medicine
Reviews, 9 (5), 365-380
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Sleep Opportunity: Planned Work Hours Guidelines Max work hours
in a 24-h period 12 hours Min break length between shifts 10 hours
Max number of shifts worked in a row 15 shifts Min number of days
off per 28 days 7 Min breaks within shifts 30 minutes every 4 hrs
Window of Work 0600-2200* * Any work should be conducted within
these hours, but is not expected to last for the duration
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Sleep Opportunity: Actual Work Hours Guidelines Max work hours
in a 24-h period (once off basis) 16 hours Max work hours in a 24-h
period (for 2 or more days in a row) 14 hours Min break length
between shifts 8 hours Max number of shifts worked in a row 21
shifts Min number of days off per 28 days 7 Min breaks within
shifts 30 minutes every 5 hrs
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Summarising Hours of Work Guidelines Planned work hours Red
flag Fatigue Management Plan Consider impact on safety critical
tasks Fatigue modelling to maximise sleep opportunity &
recovery Actual work hours Avoid excursions from planned work hours
Where required, stay within the prescribed limits Business/safety
requirement to exceed actual work hours limits only with
individuals consent, and with formally documented strategies in
place Work Environment/Work Tasks
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Managing Fatigue: Its All About Sleep! Sleep Opportunity (Work
Hours) Actual Sleep Symptoms and Behaviours Errors &
Near-misses INCIDENTS Dawson & McCulloch (2005), Sleep Medicine
Reviews, 9 (5), 365-380
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Actual Sleep: Personal Fitness for Work Caffeine (mg/head/day)
19101930195019701990 Sleep (hrs) 10 9 8 7 500 400 300 200 100
6
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Actual Sleep: Personal Fitness for Work Minimum of 6 hours
sleep every 24 hours How do we achieve this? Training &
education Culture & FFW expectations Encourage self-reporting
for trend analysis Challenges Perceptions of fatigue as a threat
Travel to work & start shift Short changes Sleep disorders
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Symptoms & Behaviours: Personal Fitness for Work Physical
Yawning Heavy Limbs Appearance Headache/Nausea Sore Eyes Poor
Coordination Slow Reaction Speed Extreme Drowsiness Heavy Eyelids
Micro-sleeps Falling Asleep Mental Poor Concentration
Disorganisation Easily Distracted Poor Communication Situational
Awareness Poor Info Processing Poor Memory Poor Decision Making
Risk Taking Behaviour Errors Emotional Quiet and Withdrawn Lack of
Motivation Increased Stress Levels Mood Change Decreased Tolerance
Irritability Uncontrolled Temper Aggression
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Symptoms & Behaviours: Personal Fitness for Work Active
intervention for symptoms of moderate or high severity How do we
achieve this? Training & education Culture & FFW
expectations Encourage self- & peer-reporting for trend
analysis Challenges Perceptions of fatigue as a threat Perceptions
of dobbing Flexibility with mitigation strategies
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Risk Identification Risk Mitigation Have rostered hours been
exceeded? ID Has the individual obtained at least 6hrs sleep in the
last 24hrs? ID Is the individual experiencing fatigue-related
symptoms or behaviours? ID What safety critical tasks is this
individual performing? What could potentially go wrong if theyre
tired? Mitigation Should this individual continue with planned
work? What can be done to reduce the likelihood of error?
Mitigation
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Incident Investigation Fatigue is an unrecognised contributor
to many workplace incidents The more info we can gather about the
nature & consequence of fatigue, the better we can manage it
Investigations should consider: Work history Number of consecutive
night shifts Breaks during the shift Nature & demands of work
tasks & work environment Travel time before and after shifts
Sleep history of the individual(s) involved Medical issues that may
contribute to fatigue (e.g. sleep disorders) Observed
fatigue-related symptoms & behaviours Substances likely to
cause drowsiness or prevent sleep