The The ConstitutionConstitutionOf the United States of AmericaOf the United States of America

TEST DATE: October 15TEST DATE: October 15thth, 17, 17thth, , 1818thth

Post- War Problems

Its Time to Create a New Government– Colonies becomes States- Govern selves– ALL States Create own Constitutions

Write down… (Pg 133) How are they similar?

How are they different?

-Limit Power of Govt

-Specific Rights for Citizens

-Liberty!!In who can vote!

(White men, slaves and Women)

Articles of Confederation The First Constitution of the United

States– “a plan for securing the freedom,

sovereignty, and independence of the United States."

– Gives power to the states– not enough to the Central Govt.

– Written March 1781- Replaced in 1788

Changing the Changing the ArticlesArticles Why do we need to change them?Why do we need to change them?

– Many problems:Many problems: Not enough Money for Govt.Not enough Money for Govt. Cant Repay debtsCant Repay debts Bad Foreign Relations (With other Bad Foreign Relations (With other

Countries)Countries)

– We NEED a We NEED a STRONGER STRONGER Government!!!!Government!!!!

Primary Author:

Mr. James Madison

4th President of the United States

On September 17, 1787, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention met for the last time to sign the document they had created

The Constitution Becomes Official:

July 2, 1788July 2, 1788

Part 1: The Preamble Part 1: The Preamble (154)(154)Three Parts of the Constitution- Preamble, Three Parts of the Constitution- Preamble,

Articles, AmendmentsArticles, Amendments1. 1. PreamblePreamble

a. states the purpose of the Constitutiona. states the purpose of the Constitutionb. begins with three words- ___ ____ ______ b. begins with three words- ___ ____ ______ c. lists six goals of the Constitutionc. lists six goals of the Constitution

1.1.2.2.3.3.4.4.5.5.6.6.

Part 1: The PreamblePart 1: The Preamble

Begins with three words- Begins with three words- We the PeopleWe the People ……

Constitutional goals:Constitutional goals:

1. form a more perfect union1. form a more perfect union

2. establish justice2. establish justice

3. insure domestic tranquility3. insure domestic tranquility

4. provide for the common defense4. provide for the common defense

5. promote the general welfare5. promote the general welfare

6. secure the blessings of liberty to 6. secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity ourselves and our posterity

Part 2: Articles (pg Part 2: Articles (pg 154)154) There are __________ Articles.There are __________ Articles. They describe ___________________They describe ___________________

– And What Rules they have to Follow to make And What Rules they have to Follow to make the Government WORKthe Government WORK

They State the 3 Branches of They State the 3 Branches of Government, how they work with Government, how they work with Each other and how the State and Each other and how the State and Federal Government will work Federal Government will work TOGETHER!TOGETHER!

7

the sections of the the sections of the GovernmentGovernment

Part 3: AmendmentsPart 3: Amendments

An Amendment makes Changes or An Amendment makes Changes or Additions to the ConstitutionAdditions to the Constitution– How many are there? _______How many are there? _______

How do you make an amendmentHow do you make an amendment??

–Look at Article V.Look at Article V. You need ______ of ____________ORYou need ______ of ____________OR ____________ of all State Legislators____________ of all State Legislators

Part 3: AmendmentsPart 3: Amendments

An Amendment makes Changes An Amendment makes Changes or Additions to the Constitutionor Additions to the Constitution– How many are there? How many are there? 2727How do you make an amendmentHow do you make an amendment??

You need You need 2/3 of Members of Both 2/3 of Members of Both Houses of CongressHouses of Congress OR 3/4 of all State OR 3/4 of all State LegislatorsLegislators

Important Important Amendments to know:Amendments to know:

~ 1-10: Bill of Rights~ 1-10: Bill of Rights1313thth- Slavery is Abolished- Slavery is Abolished1717thth- Direct Election of Senators- Direct Election of Senators1818thth- Prohibition- Prohibition

– Right to Drink AlcoholRight to Drink Alcohol– REPEALED! (Page 170)REPEALED! (Page 170)

1919thth- Women’s Suffrage- Women’s Suffrage– Right to VoteRight to Vote

Articles 1, 2, & 3:Articles 1, 2, & 3:

Set up the GovernmentSet up the Government***3 Branches to the Government******3 Branches to the Government***

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

The Legislative Branch

The Executive Branch

CONGRESS Headed by:The President

The Supreme Court and US

Courts

1. 1. Legislative branchLegislative branch- - makes makes the lawsthe laws

includes the two houses of Congressincludes the two houses of Congressa. the House of Representativesa. the House of Representativesb. the Senateb. the Senate

2. 2. Executive BranchExecutive Branch- - enforces enforces the lawsthe laws

includes the President, Vice-President and the includes the President, Vice-President and the Cabinet Cabinet

3. 3. Judicial BranchJudicial Branch- - interprets the interprets the lawslaws

includes the Supreme Court and U. S. courtsincludes the Supreme Court and U. S. courts

Article 1: The Article 1: The Legislative BranchLegislative Branch Also known as:Also known as:

CongressCongress

HOUSE OF REPRESENTITIVES

SENATE

Congress MUST meet at Congress MUST meet at LEAST LEAST

ONE time a year!!ONE time a year!!

The House of The House of RepresentativesRepresentativesWho is the Presiding Officer?Who is the Presiding Officer?

– The SpeakerThe SpeakerJohn Boehner

The The SenateSenate

Joseph Biden

Who is the Presiding Officer?The Vice-President of the United States

Name of the Two Houses House of Representatives

Senate

Total Number of Members

 

Number of Members from EACH STATE

 

 Requirements to

Run for Office

 

 Length of Term

Number of Times to be possibly

Elected

 

 Presiding Officer

   

Portion Elected ever 2 years

435

100

Depends on Population

2

25 you., 7 year citizen

Live in the State

30 y.o., 9 year citizen, live in the state

2 Years 6 years

Unlimited Unlimited

All 1/3

Speaker of the House Vice-

President

Remember This?!

VS

HOW DOES THIS WORK?

Senators (2)+ HoReps Senators (2)+ HoReps ==Electoral VotersElectoral Voters

The Electoral College elects theThe Electoral College elects the

president and vice-president teampresident and vice-president team

Each state has a number of electors.Each state has a number of electors.

What is the Equation?What is the Equation?

~~ALL electoral votes ALL electoral votes from each from each state goes to one candidate.~state goes to one candidate.~

***If there is no majority of electoral ***If there is no majority of electoral votes, the House of Representatives votes, the House of Representatives elects the president. *** JQA-6elects the president. *** JQA-6thth

2008 Election Results2008 Election Results365 to 173365 to 173

Who is the Executive

Branch Headed By:

 

The President of the United StatesAKA Commander in Chief of US Armed Forces

Length of Term

 

Number of Times Possibly

Elected

 

Maximum # of Years possible

in Office

 

Name for Advisors

 

Requirements 

Date Term Begins:

 

4 Years

2 Times

10 Years

The Cabinet

35 Years Old, Natural Born Citizen, 14 Year

Resident

January 20thJanuary 20th

Presidential Fun Facts Presidents 1-6 were not native born US

– The first was Martin VanBuren -- 1782 – (They were all born in British Colonies!)

The Youngest:– Teddy Roosevelt (42 Years Old)– VP!– Elected– John F Kennedy (43 Years Old)

The Oldest:– Ronald Reagan (64)

So what does the President actually do?? 3 Expected Duties:

– State of the Union Address (HoReps) (What is that??) – Usually in January

– Can convene and adjourn Congress in the event of a special circumstance

– ***See that the laws are faithfully executed.

State of the Union

http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/video/2012/01/25/2012-state-union-address-enhanced-version

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQGp4acvBs0&feature=BFa&list=SP0B4436E88B21FC5D

Succession Succession of the of the

PresidentPresident If the President Can no longer If the President Can no longer

serve…serve…

Constitution Constitution VocabularyVocabularyPlease define:Please define:Treason (pg 163)Treason (pg 163)

Impeachment (pg 162)Impeachment (pg 162)– How many have been impeached? How many have been impeached? ClintonClinton

Writ of Habeas Corpus (pg 159)Writ of Habeas Corpus (pg 159)

Ex Post Facto (pg 159)Ex Post Facto (pg 159)

Lame Duck- Lame Duck- A person who is still in office but has not been A person who is still in office but has not been reelected (ex. Obama if not reelected)reelected (ex. Obama if not reelected)

The offense of acting to overthrow one's government or to harm or kill its sovereign; the betrayal of a trust or confidence

People can not be held in prison or jail without being formally charged with a crime.

A law that would punish a person for an act that was legal when it was preformed.

Judicial Branch

Judicial Branch Vid 2 Explained in the 3rd Article of the

Constitution US Courts and the Supreme Court Judicial Review– Deciding if a law is

constitutional (Obamacare)

SUPREME COURTSUPREME COURTHow many Justices are in the Supreme Court?

Requirements

Length of Term

Who Appoints Judges?

Who Approves Judges?

9

Good Good BehaviorBehavior

LIFELIFE

President

The The SenateSenate

Important Legislation Amendments:

– 1st – Freedom of speech, religion, press and assembly

– 13,14,15: Reconstruction Laws (14th- Due Process, no matter what

color)– 17th- The People elect the Senators– 18th- Prohibition… REPEALED... Def.?– 19th- Suffrage (Womens Right to Vote)

States!!!States!!!

What Can they do??What Can they do?? Establish Schools, Roads collect taxesEstablish Schools, Roads collect taxes

Only Congress can admit a new Only Congress can admit a new territory as a NEW state!territory as a NEW state!

The CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of The CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of

each state is the Governor.each state is the Governor.

***Note: The Federal Law will always be SUPREME LAW of the LAND

The system that balances the three branches of government, so no one person or group is able to dominate the others.

Examples of checks:1. on the judicial branch- the president

appoints the federal judges and Congress approves them. Congress can also impeach them.

2. on the legislative branch- the president can veto laws.

3. on the executive branch- Congress can impeach the president.

4. on the executive and legislative branches- judicial review

NATIONAL GOVERNEMNT

STATE GOVERNMENT

CONCURRANT POWERS

Collect Taxes

Build Roads

DELEGATED POWERS

Declare War

Print Money

Regulate Banks

RESERVED POWERS

Conduct Elections

Provide Schools

Elastic Clause: Allows our Government to extend / expand its powers if needed