The Congress of ViennaThe Congress of Vienna

The cause of legitimacyThe cause of legitimacy

What do these terms mean?What do these terms mean?

LegitimacyLegitimacy

Balance of PowerBalance of Power

Concert of EuropeConcert of Europe

Maps: What is the Difference?Maps: What is the Difference?Europe 1810Europe 1810

Maps: What is the Difference?Maps: What is the Difference?Europe 1815Europe 1815

The World 1815The World 1815

Congress of Vienna wants to go Congress of Vienna wants to go BACK to before 1789BACK to before 1789

Q: What happened in Q: What happened in 1789?1789?

Congress of Vienna wants to go BACK Congress of Vienna wants to go BACK before the French Revolutionbefore the French Revolution

Q: What country had gotten too powerful?Q: What country had gotten too powerful?

: Balance of power - no country in Europe : Balance of power - no country in Europe too powerfultoo powerful

: A new map of Europe drawn (France: A new map of Europe drawn (France

weaker)weaker)

: Congress of Vienna: (1815) Peace : Congress of Vienna: (1815) Peace Conference after Napoleon (Metternich = Conference after Napoleon (Metternich = leader)leader)

: Kings restored to power (legitimacy): Kings restored to power (legitimacy)

ArchitectsArchitectsPrince MetternichPrince Metternich

AustriaAustria

Prince TalleyrandPrince Talleyrand

FranceFrance

Affects of the Congress of Affects of the Congress of Vienna

Britain – Gained certain coloniesBritain – Gained certain colonies

France – Bourbons restored, lost some border landsFrance – Bourbons restored, lost some border lands

Netherlands – United with Belgium to block FranceNetherlands – United with Belgium to block France

Austria – Regained lost lands and increased lands in ItalyAustria – Regained lost lands and increased lands in Italy

Germany – 27 independent Kingdoms and Principalities united into Germany – 27 independent Kingdoms and Principalities united into a German Confederationa German Confederation

Prussia – gained land in Western GermanyPrussia – gained land in Western Germany

Italy – still disunited. Piedmont now largest state. Nationalism Italy – still disunited. Piedmont now largest state. Nationalism begins to grow.begins to grow.

Poland – divided between Austria, Prussia, and RussiaPoland – divided between Austria, Prussia, and Russia

Russia – a major power in European affairsRussia – a major power in European affairs

All powers agreed to abolish the slave tradeAll powers agreed to abolish the slave trade

ConsequencesConsequences

Balance of PowerBalance of Power Although the leaders of Europe wanted to weaken Although the leaders of Europe wanted to weaken France, they did not want to leave it powerless. If they France, they did not want to leave it powerless. If they severely punished France, they might encourage the severely punished France, they might encourage the French to take revenge. If they broke up France, then French to take revenge. If they broke up France, then another country might become so strong that it would another country might become so strong that it would threaten them all. Thus, the victorious powers did not threaten them all. Thus, the victorious powers did not exact a great price from the defeated nation. As a result, exact a great price from the defeated nation. As a result, France remained a major but diminished European France remained a major but diminished European power. Also, no country in Europe could easily power. Also, no country in Europe could easily overpower anotheroverpower another

ConsequencesConsequencesLegitimacy Legitimacy The great powers affirmed the principle of legitimacy—The great powers affirmed the principle of legitimacy—agreeing that as many as possible of the rulers whom agreeing that as many as possible of the rulers whom Napoleon had driven from their thrones be restored to Napoleon had driven from their thrones be restored to power. The ruling families of France, Spain, and several power. The ruling families of France, Spain, and several states in Italy and Central Europe regained their thrones. states in Italy and Central Europe regained their thrones. The participants in the Congress of Vienna believed that The participants in the Congress of Vienna believed that the return of the former monarchs would stabilize the return of the former monarchs would stabilize political relations among the nations. The Congress of political relations among the nations. The Congress of Vienna was a political triumph in many ways. For the first Vienna was a political triumph in many ways. For the first time, the nations of an entire continent had cooperated time, the nations of an entire continent had cooperated to control political affairs. The settlements they agreed to control political affairs. The settlements they agreed upon were fair enough that no country was left bearing a upon were fair enough that no country was left bearing a grudge. grudge.

ConsequencesConsequences

Therefore, the Congress did not sow the seeds of future Therefore, the Congress did not sow the seeds of future wars. In that sense, it was more successful than many wars. In that sense, it was more successful than many other peace meetings in history. By agreeing to come to other peace meetings in history. By agreeing to come to one another’s aid in case of threats to peace, the one another’s aid in case of threats to peace, the European nations had temporarily ensured that there European nations had temporarily ensured that there would be a balance of power on the continent. The would be a balance of power on the continent. The Congress of Vienna, then, created a time of peace in Congress of Vienna, then, created a time of peace in Europe. It was a lasting peace. None of the five great Europe. It was a lasting peace. None of the five great powers waged war on one another for nearly 40 yearspowers waged war on one another for nearly 40 years

Views of the CongressViews of the CongressWhat do they tell us?What do they tell us?

Views of the CongressViews of the CongressWhat do they tell us?What do they tell us?

Views of the CongressViews of the CongressWhat do they tell us?What do they tell us?

QuestionsQuestions

What sort of people would support What sort of people would support Metternich's ideas?Metternich's ideas?

What sort of people would oppose them?What sort of people would oppose them?

Activity: Activity: Mock Mock CongressCongress

In your groups you are going to take on In your groups you are going to take on the role of one of the main powers at the the role of one of the main powers at the Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna

Activity: Activity: Mock CongressMock Congress

In your Group you will take on the role of:In your Group you will take on the role of:

Military AdviserMilitary Adviser

Political AdviserPolitical Adviser

Geographer Geographer

Activity: Activity: Mock CongressMock Congress

The object of this is to find the necessary The object of this is to find the necessary information to present your country and information to present your country and sovereign’s claims before the Congress.sovereign’s claims before the Congress.

Basically you want to divide up the map of Basically you want to divide up the map of Europe in your country’s interests.Europe in your country’s interests.

Activity: Activity: Mock CongressMock Congress

You will have nearly two You will have nearly two day to prepare your case.day to prepare your case.

On Thursday you will On Thursday you will have five minutes to have five minutes to present to the Congress present to the Congress your case.your case.

After that, as at the After that, as at the Congress, you will be Congress, you will be allowed to persuade the allowed to persuade the other delegates of your other delegates of your view by other means.view by other means.

Website to useWebsite to use

http://mset.rst2.edu/portfolios/r/rogers_m/brains/webquest/index.htm

This will give you access to all the This will give you access to all the information you need to complete the information you need to complete the worksheetworksheet