THE CONCEPT OF THE GENOME AS THE COMPLETE SET OF GENES IN A CELL AND OF THE PROTEOME AS THE FULL RANGE OF PROTEINS THAT A CELL IS ABLE TO PRODUCE.THE STRUCTURE OF MOLECULES OF MESSENGER RNA (MRNA)TRANSCRIPTION AS THE PRODUCTION OF MRNA FROM DNA. THE ROLE OF RNA POLYMERASE IN JOINING MRNA NUCLEOTIDES.•• IN PROKARYOTES, TRANSCRIPTION RESULTS DIRECTLY IN THE PRODUCTION OF MRNA FROM DNA.•• IN EUKARYOTES, TRANSCRIPTION RESULTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PRE-MRNA; THIS IS THEN SPLICED TO FORM MRNA.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY

Unit 4: Genetic Information, Variation and Relationships

between Organisms Lesson 3 mRNA and

Transcription

Central Dogma of GeneticsLearning Outcomes:1) Describe the

structure of mRNA and why predict an mRNA sequence based on the DNA template

2) Describe the process of transcription and the role of RNA polymerase

3) Explain how transcription occurs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including the role of pre-mRNA and splicing.

Genome: complete set of genes in a cell

Proteome: complete set of

proteins produced in a cell

mRNA structure: Task 1 Using the cut out nucleotide bases and parts, make a molecule of RNA 9 bases long.

5 minutes.

Learning Outcomes:1) Describe the

structure of mRNA and why predict an mRNA sequence based on the DNA template

2) Describe the process of transcription and the role of RNA polymerase

3) Explain how transcription occurs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including the role of pre-mRNA and splicing.

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This is what you should have:

Learning Outcomes:1) Describe the

structure of mRNA and why predict an mRNA sequence based on the DNA template

2) Describe the process of transcription and the role of RNA polymerase

3) Explain how transcription occurs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including the role of pre-mRNA and splicing.

1. How is this different to DNA? - - -

Task 2: Now make the DNA strand that is complementary to your RNA strand in another pile. (Antisense strand)

Task 3: Now complete the whole DNA molecule (Sense strand)

Transcription The process of turning a DNA template into a protein starts with transcription.

Transcription: production of a strand of messenger RNA that is complementary to coding DNA using DNA helicase and RNA polymerase.

Learning Outcomes:1) Describe the

structure of mRNA and why predict an mRNA sequence based on the DNA template

2) Describe the process of transcription and the role of RNA polymerase

3) Explain how transcription occurs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including the role of pre-mRNA and splicing.

Transcription: How it works in prokaryotes

1) DNA Helicase unwinds a portion of the DNA double helix (The DNA antisense strand is the template for making mRNA)

2) Transcription factors bind to the first codon in the sequence starting transcription

3) ATPs, GTPs, UTPs, CTPs are needed to make the new mRNA strand.

4) These nucleotides match up to where they are complimentary to the DNA strand.

5) The nucleotides are joined up in order by RNA polymerase.

6) a stop codon is reached and RNA polymerase stops joining up the nucleotides, this completes the RNA strand.

Transcription: How it works in Eukaryotes

Learning Outcomes:1) Describe the

structure of mRNA and why predict an mRNA sequence based on the DNA template

2) Describe the process of transcription and the role of RNA polymerase

3) Explain how transcription occurs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including the role of pre-mRNA and splicing.

Ribose