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Simple past tense
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Simple past tense
• Simple past tense shows
– the completion of a single action at a point in past
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Simple past tense
• Simple past tense is formed by using perfect
form of the verb.
Subject Verb root Perfective
form of
verb
Ali uth
uth-na to stand up
uth-a
Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Infinitive Without
‘na’
Perfective
form of verb
Sing. masc.
Perfective
form of verb
Sing. fem.
jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i
Perfective forms of verb
jaag-na to wake up jag jag-a jag-i
chal-na to walk chal chal-a chal-i
so-na to sleep so so-ya so-i
If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine verb
Infinitive Without
‘na’
Perfective
form of verb
Pl. masc.
Perfective
form of verb
Pl. fem.
uth-na to stand up uth uth-a uth-i
Perfective forms of verb
aa-na to come ____ _____ _____
ur-na to fly ____ _____ _____
If a vowel is left after taking out ‘na’ from the infinitive add ‘ya’ instead of just ‘a’ while making masculine
Infinitive Without
‘na’
Perfective
form of verb
Sing. masc.
Perfective
form of verb
Sing. fem.
Perfective forms of verb
Sing. masc. Sing. fem.
khol-na to open khol khol-a khol-i
parh-na to read parh parh-a parh-i
kha-na to eat kha kha-ya kha-i
pi-na to drink pi pi-ya pi-i
Perfective forms of verb
Infinitive Without
‘na’
Sing. masc.
Verb
Sing. fem.
Verb
dekh-na to see, to watch dekh dekh-a dekh-i
likh-na to write ____ _____ _____
bata-na to tell ____ _____ _____
keh-na to say ____ _____ _____
Agreement in simple past tense
Intransitive Verbs
• The verb agrees with the subject in case of
intransitive verbs
• Larka aaya.
• The boy came.• The boy came.
• Larkey aaey.
• The boys came.
• Larki aai.
• The girl came.Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Agreement in simple past tense
Transitive Verbs
• In case the verb is transitive and ‘ney’ is used
then the verb agrees with the object.
• Ali ney khana (m,sing.) khaya.
• Ali ate the meal.• Ali ate the meal.
• Ali ney samosey (m,pl.) khaey.
• Ali ate the samosas.
• Ali ney rotian (f,pl.) khai.
• Ali ate the breads.Saba Urooj
Center for Language Engineering (UET)
Proper noun
Singular plural
Masculine Ali aaya Ali aur Usman aaey
3rd
person
Masculine Ali aaya
Ali came
Ali aur Usman aaey
Ali and Usman came
Feminine Ayesha aai
Ayesha came
Ayesha aur Fatima aaeen
Ayesha and Fatima came
Common noun
Singular plural
Masculine Larka aaya Larkey aaey
3rd
person
Masculine Larka aaya
The Boy came
Larkey aaey
The Boys came
Feminine Larki aai
The girl came
Larkian aaeen
The girls came
1st person (pronoun)
Singular plural
1st
person
Masculine Main aaya
I came
Hum aaey
We came
Feminine Main aai
I came
Hum aaeen
We came
2nd person (pronoun)
Singular plural
Masculine Tum aaey Aap aaey
2nd
person
Aap aaey
You came
Aap aaey
You came
Feminine Tum aai
Aap aai
You came
Aap aaeen
Aap aaeen
You came
3rd person (pronoun)
Singular plural
3rd
person
Masculine Voh aaya
He came
Voh aaey
They came
Feminine Voh aai
She came
Voh aaeen
They came
Conversations between two friendsAli: Assalaam-o-alaikum (Hello)
Aslam: Wa-alaikum-assalaam (Hello)
Ali: Aap keya ker rahey hain?
What are you doing?What are you doing?
Aslam: Main khareedari ker raha hoon.
I am shopping.
Ali: Main bhi khareedari ker raha hoon.
I am also shopping.
Khareedari ShoppingAli: Keya aap ney gari park ki?
Did you park the car?
Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney gari park ki.
Yes, I parked the car.
Ali: Keya aap ney khareedari ki tokri li?
Did you take the shopping basket?
Aslam: Jee haan, Main ney khareedari ki tokri li.
Yes, I took the shopping basket.
Khareedari Shopping
Ali: Aap ney Keya khareeda?
What did you purchase?
Aslam: Main ney shirtain khareedeen.
I purchased shirts.I purchased shirts.
Aslam: Aap ney Keya khareeda?
What did you purchase?
Ali: Main ney kurta khareeda.
I purchased kurta.
Khareedari Shopping
• ___ ____ ____?
• What did you purchase?
• ___ ____ ____.
• I purchased watch.• I purchased watch.
• ___ ____ ____?
• What did you purchase?
• ___ ____ ____.
• I purchased socks.
Khareedari Shopping
Ali: Keya aap ney khana khaya?
Did you take meal?
Aslam: Main ney khana nahi khaya.
I did not take the meal .I did not take the meal .
Ali: Main ney kuch nahi khaya.
I did not eat anything.
Aslam: Chalo kuch khatey hain.
Let’s eat something.
Khana Eating
Ali:___ ____ ____?
What is in the menu?
Waiter: ___ ____ ____.
Burger, pizza and salad is available.Burger, pizza and salad is available.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s eat pizza?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
I do like pizza.
Guftago Conversation
Main ney assignmant
nahi banai.
I did not make
the assignment.
Aap ney assignmant
banai?
Did you make
the assignment?
Guftago Conversation
Ali:___ ____ ____?
Did you finish the meal?
Aslam___ ____ ____.
No, not yet.No, not yet.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s take salad?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
I do not like salad.
Guftago Conversation
Main apney mulak
agley maah jaa raha
Hoon.
Next month I am going
to my country.
Aap apney mulak
kub jaa rahey hain?
When are you going
to your country?
to my country.
Guftago Conversation
Ali:___ ____ ____?
Did you Purchase gifts for the family?
Aslam___ ____ ____.
No, not yet.No, not yet.
Aslam: ___ ____ ____?
Let’s purchase together?
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
This is a good idea.
Guftago Conversation
Ali: Chalo behen key liye har khareedtey hain.
Let us purchase necklace for sister?
Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.
Yes, this is a good idea.Yes, this is a good idea.
Ali: Chalo bhai key liye video game khareedtey hain.
Let us purchase video game for brother?
Aslam: Haan! Yeh acha khayal hai.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Guftago Conversation
Aslam: ___ ____ ____.
Let us purchase shawl for mother.
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
Yes, this is a good idea.Yes, this is a good idea.
Ali: ___ ____ ____.
Let us purchase watch for father?
Aslam: ___ ____ ____.
Yes, this is a good idea.
Guftago Conversation
Shukriya! Aapka sath
acha hai.
Thanks! Your company
is good.
Aaj key liye itni
khareedari kafi hai.
This much shopping is
enough for today.
