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The Cold War – Part 1 Things Get Chilly. Who is in charge of the post-war world? Yalta Conference- Feb 1945. At Yalta, GB, USSR, and the US decide how to structure the post-war world. Decisions:. Creation of the United Nations (UN). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Cold War – Part 1Things Get Chilly
Who is in charge of the post-war world?Yalta Conference- Feb 1945
At Yalta, GB, USSR, and the US decide how to structure the post-war world
Decisions: Creation of the United Nations
(UN) Formed to protect member nations against aggression and prevent war
Difference from League of Nations - Permanent members of the Security Council could VETO proposals
Members with veto power - US, USSR, China, France, GB
Conflicts Cold War
Post - WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union are no longer allies
Differences in ideology lead to diplomatic hostility
Ideological Differences
Economics— Capitalism vs.
Communism Government—
Democracy vs. Totalitarianism
Values— Freedom vs.
Equality Individualism vs.
Collectivism
Superpower Aims in Europe
United States Soviet Union encourage democracy in
other countries to help prevent the rise of Communist
governments
encourage communism in other countries as part of a
worldwide workers’ revolution
gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel booming
industries
rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern
Europe’s industrial equipment and raw materials
rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new
markets for American goods
control Eastern Europe to protect Soviet borders and
balance the U.S. influence in Western Europe
reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the security of
Europe
keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again
U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion
U.S. adopts policy of containment, pledges to support nations that resist communism
Truman Doctrine: Use $$$ to prevent spread of Communism
Marshall Plan economic aid to Western Europe
allows Europe to rebuild helps create markets for U.S. goods
STOP! How do these posters reflect the mood of postwar Europe and the United States?
STOP! WHAT DO THESE CARTOONS
MEAN?
The Cold War – Part 2Clash of the Titans
Map Challenge!AustriaBelarusBelgiumCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceIrelandItalyLatvia
GermanyLichtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRussia
SlovakiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUkraine
Map Challenge!
Conflict - Berlin Airlift US and GB try to
reunify Germany, combine zones into one territory
USSR holds West Berlin hostage
US airlifted supplies into city, allowing its residents to survive
A Divided World
The US and the USSR organize military alliances
NATO (US and friends) vs. Warsaw Pact (USSR and friends)
Nuclear weaponsSpyingSpace race
Winston Churchill and the “Iron Curtain”
Soviets wanted to shield themselves from future attack (do you blame them?)
Communist neighbors (Poland, Romania, Bulgaria) would help
”Iron Curtain” - the line of Soviet Control in E. Euro
Use E. Euro to rebuild economies A “thank you” for liberating
you?
Soviet Actions During Cold War 1961 – construction of the Berlin Wall
Soviet Actions During Cold War USSR crushes
opposition in Hungary and Czechoslovakia Keep power at all
costs! U.S. CIA
overthrows leaders in Guatemala, Chile, Iran, others Keep them non-
Communist at all costs!
Hungarians Topple a Stalin Statue
Conflict in Cuba 1959- Communist Fidel Castro
overthrew U.S.-supported Fulgencio Batista
1961- Bay of Pigs invasion (backed by U.S.) fails
1962- Cuban Missile Crisis
Castro
Batista
Bay of Pigs Invasion -April 17, 1961 U.S.-aided invasion of Cuba by rebels
trained by the CIA▪ “epic failure” - major disaster▪ President Kennedy did not send in air support▪ the revolt failed miserably
How did the Cold War end?
Mikhail Gorbachev: Premier of USSR 1983-91
Worked with President Reagan to open up USSR to “glasnost” (freedom of speech) and “perestroika” (capitalism)
Eventually lost support of Communist Party and resigned after Communist Party’s coup-d’etat in 1991
November 9,1989-Beginning of the End of Communism in Europe
Now what for Europe? Nations try to be
economically powerful again.
Form European Union (EU) Join nations
together to become strong global economic power as a group
Euro
Processing – put the puzzle together Now you need to create a one-page study
guide reviewing the major terms so far. Show links and connections
Yalta Conference (end of WW2)
Agreed to
Agreed to
Division of Germany and Berlin (US on west and USSR on east)Creation of the UN w/ Security Council - US, USSR, China, GB, and France have veto
Origin of the Cold War – disagreements here spill over
Term list
Yalta Conference United Nations Division of
Germany Ideologies Containment Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift NATO / Warsaw
Pact Iron Curtain Berlin Wall Cuban Missile
Crisis Fall of the USSR European Union