The Cold War 1947-1991. Post War to Cold War GI Bill – Congress passed this to allow soldiers...
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The Cold War 1947-1991. Post War to Cold War GI Bill – Congress passed this to allow soldiers returning home access to low interest loans and free education
Post War to Cold War GI Bill Congress passed this to allow
soldiers returning home access to low interest loans and free
education GI Bill Congress passed this to allow soldiers returning
home access to low interest loans and free education Baby Boom the
population jumped in the years following WWII (Baby Boomers are
those born 1945 1960) Baby Boom the population jumped in the years
following WWII (Baby Boomers are those born 1945 1960) Consumerism
WWII had ended the Great Depression & people had jobs and were
spending money Consumerism WWII had ended the Great Depression
& people had jobs and were spending money
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Levittown
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1950s Pop culture Norman Rockwell idealistic pictures of life
in America Norman Rockwell idealistic pictures of life in America
Dr. Jonas Salk created vaccine for polio, wrote books on child
rearing Dr. Jonas Salk created vaccine for polio, wrote books on
child rearing Mass Media TV could reach large #s of people Mass
Media TV could reach large #s of people Little Richard brings in
Rock-n-Roll then Chuck Berry & Elvis Presley Little Richard
brings in Rock-n-Roll then Chuck Berry & Elvis Presley
Teenagers became an all new market Teenagers became an all new
market Beat Movement nonconformist of the time Beat Movement
nonconformist of the time Jackie Robinson integrated MLB in 1947
Jackie Robinson integrated MLB in 1947
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Norman Rockwell Paintings
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Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley
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Jackie Robinson and Little Richard
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James Dean and Marilyn Monroe
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The British Invasion
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The Cold War (19471991) was the continuing power struggle The
Cold War (19471991) was the continuing power struggle -existing
after World War II (19391945) between the Communist World
-primarily the Soviet Union and its allies, and the powers of the
Western world, primarily the United States and its allies.
Definition:
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Causes of the Cold War WWII USSR lost 20 million people and
were determined to gain #s through Satellite Nations those nations
under Soviet control WWII USSR lost 20 million people and were
determined to gain #s through Satellite Nations those nations under
Soviet control Post-War differences of opinions Yalta Conference
and control of Germany and Poland Post-War differences of opinions
Yalta Conference and control of Germany and Poland USSRs creation
of the Iron Curtain symbolic of communist domination and oppression
USSRs creation of the Iron Curtain symbolic of communist domination
and oppression Stalin pledged to spread communism Stalin pledged to
spread communism
Slide 12
Post War Europe
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Events of the Cold War Under Truman Truman Doctrine promised
assistance to countries trying to resist communist oppression
Truman Doctrine promised assistance to countries trying to resist
communist oppression Marshall Plan promised financial aid to
rebuild post WWII Europe Marshall Plan promised financial aid to
rebuild post WWII Europe Germany, including its capital of Berlin
was divided into four occupation zones each controlled by and
Allied country. Germany, including its capital of Berlin was
divided into four occupation zones each controlled by and Allied
country. West Germany under control from the US, British, and
French prospered while East Germany under Soviet control did not.
West Germany under control from the US, British, and French
prospered while East Germany under Soviet control did not.
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Berlin Airlift Berlin was in East Germany and Stalin closed all
transportation routes into West Berlin cutting of supplies to
millions of residents. Berlin was in East Germany and Stalin closed
all transportation routes into West Berlin cutting of supplies to
millions of residents. Trying to avoid war, Truman began the Berlin
Airlift British and US planes delivered supplies by air for 15
months to West Berlin Trying to avoid war, Truman began the Berlin
Airlift British and US planes delivered supplies by air for 15
months to West Berlin
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In 1949, China fell to Communism making Americans fear the
spread of communism throughout Asia. In 1949, China fell to
Communism making Americans fear the spread of communism throughout
Asia. Also in 1949, the Soviets explode an atomic bomb. Also in
1949, the Soviets explode an atomic bomb.
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Germany divided after WWII
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The Berlin blockade increased the fear of communist aggression
in Western Europe. The Berlin blockade increased the fear of
communist aggression in Western Europe. As a result NATO (North
Atlantic Treaty Organization) was formed as a defensive alliance.
As a result NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was formed as
a defensive alliance. Then, the USSR formed the Warsaw Pact- Soviet
alliance. Then, the USSR formed the Warsaw Pact- Soviet alliance.
Policy of Containment efforts to prevent the spread of communism
Policy of Containment efforts to prevent the spread of
communism
Slide 19
Cold War and Korea After WWII, the 38 th Parallel divided North
Korea (supported by the Soviets) and South Korea (supported by the
US). After WWII, the 38 th Parallel divided North Korea (supported
by the Soviets) and South Korea (supported by the US). In 1950,
Communist N. Korea attacked In 1950, Communist N. Korea attacked S.
Korea and the UN sent troops in led by Gen. MacArthur. S. Korea and
the UN sent troops in led by Gen. MacArthur. - China joined N.
Korea and it led to a stalemate. - China joined N. Korea and it led
to a stalemate. - In 1953, both sides signed an armistice and Korea
remained divided. - In 1953, both sides signed an armistice and
Korea remained divided.
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Korean War
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The Cold War AT Home The fear of Communism spread in the US
beginning an Anti-communist crusade that violated the civil rights
of many Americans. The fear of Communism spread in the US beginning
an Anti-communist crusade that violated the civil rights of many
Americans.
Slide 23
Fear of Communism- Fear of Communism- EXAMPLES: 1. HUAC (House
Un-American Activities Committees) check for communist infiltration
in US EXAMPLES: 1. HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committees)
check for communist infiltration in US 2. Trumans Loyalty Program
investigate govt. workers 2. Trumans Loyalty Program investigate
govt. workers 3. McCarthyism (Sen. Joseph McCarthy) lead a witch
hunt in the US for communists 3. McCarthyism (Sen. Joseph McCarthy)
lead a witch hunt in the US for communists Spy Cases The Rosenbergs
& Alger Hiss
Slide 24
McCarthyism
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Cold War Under Eisenhower The US and the USSR raced to develop
the H- bomb (US won in 1952, but Soviets had one in 1953) The US
and the USSR raced to develop the H- bomb (US won in 1952, but
Soviets had one in 1953) Policy of Brinkmanship willingness of the
US to threaten war against Soviet aggression Policy of Brinkmanship
willingness of the US to threaten war against Soviet
aggression
Slide 26
Eisenhower created the CIA to gather information abroad and use
covert operations to weaken government against the US. Eisenhower
created the CIA to gather information abroad and use covert
operations to weaken government against the US. Eisenhower Doctrine
promised to defend the Middle East against communist attack.
Eisenhower Doctrine promised to defend the Middle East against
communist attack. Israel had been formed in 1948 Israel had been
formed in 1948
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John F. Kennedy- elected in 1960
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Cold War Under Kennedy Communist Fidel Castro takes over Cuba
Communist Fidel Castro takes over Cuba Bay of Pigs (1961) A U.S.
supported invasion of Cuba- It failed terribly and embarrassed
Kennedy making him look incompetent. Bay of Pigs (1961) A U.S.
supported invasion of Cuba- It failed terribly and embarrassed
Kennedy making him look incompetent.
Slide 30
Cuban Missile Crisis Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba pointed at
the US. It was a test for Kennedy and he passed forcing the Soviets
to back down. Cuban Missile Crisis Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba
pointed at the US. It was a test for Kennedy and he passed forcing
the Soviets to back down.
Slide 31
Cuban Missile Crisis- 1962
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Missile Range
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Berlin Wall The Soviets erected the wall stopping the flow
between East and West Berlin and increasing tensions in the Cold
War. Berlin Wall The Soviets erected the wall stopping the flow
between East and West Berlin and increasing tensions in the Cold
War. http://www.mauer.jp/htmls/gallery_e.html
http://www.mauer.jp/htmls/gallery_e.html
http://www.mauer.jp/htmls/gallery_e.html
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Soviets build the Berlin Wall
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JFK in the Oval Office
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JFK and Khrushchev
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JFK and Krushev
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Cuban Missile Crisis
Slide 42
Space Race and Kennedys New Frontier The Soviets launched
Sputnik, the worlds first artificial satellite (1957) The Soviets
launched Sputnik, the worlds first artificial satellite (1957) U-2
Incident US spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union ** Showed
the US that the USSR had developed long range missiles. U-2
Incident US spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union ** Showed
the US that the USSR had developed long range missiles. April 12,
1961 Yuri Gagarin (Soviet) was the first man in Space April 12,
1961 Yuri Gagarin (Soviet) was the first man in Space May 5, 1961
Alan Shepard became the 1 st American in Space. May 5, 1961 Alan
Shepard became the 1 st American in Space. July 20, 1969 Neil
Armstrong became the 1 st man on the moon. July 20, 1969 Neil
Armstrong became the 1 st man on the moon.
Slide 43
Lyndon B. Johnson
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Johnsons Great Society Lyndon B. Johnson becomes President when
Kennedy is assassinated in 1963 Lyndon B. Johnson becomes President
when Kennedy is assassinated in 1963 LBJs program, (Great Society),
declared war on poverty and promoted equal opportunities for all.
Ex: LBJs program, (Great Society), declared war on poverty and
promoted equal opportunities for all. Ex: 1) funded ed. 2) Medicare
and Medicaid 3) opened immigration 4) triggered the environmental
movement
The Warren Court 1953-1959 Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the
Supreme Court led a wave of liberal reform going along with the
Great Society. Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court
led a wave of liberal reform going along with the Great Society. -
Brown v. Board ended school segregation - Brown v. Board ended
school segregation - cases requiring the fair districting of
legislative districts - cases requiring the fair districting of
legislative districts - Mapp v. Ohio concerned illegally seized
evidence - Mapp v. Ohio concerned illegally seized evidence -
Gideon v. Wainwright free council must be provided - Gideon v.
Wainwright free council must be provided - Miranda v. Arizona
rights must be read to the accused - Miranda v. Arizona rights must
be read to the accused - Escobedo v. Illinois accused has the right
to have a lawyer present during police questioning - Escobedo v.
Illinois accused has the right to have a lawyer present during
police questioning
Slide 48
Vietnam
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Vietnam
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Vietnam
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The Burning Monk
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Vietnam terms page 232 - 236 Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh Ngo Kinh
Diem Ngo Kinh Diem Viet Cong Viet Cong Ho Chi Minh Trail Ho Chi
Minh Trail Agent Orange Agent Orange Napalm Napalm My Lai Massacre
My Lai Massacre Kent State University Kent State University
Pentagon Papers Pentagon Papers
Slide 54
The Cold War and Vietnam Extension of the Red Scare Vietnam
became the showdown for the US against communism Domino Theory the
belief that countries neighboring Communism would fall to Communist
oppression if not aided Eisenhower & Kennedy sent in military
advisors, but L. Johnson escalated the war.
Slide 55
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution In response to alleged North
Vietnamese firing on an American ship, Congress approved Johnsons
request for military powers to protect the US from further
aggression. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution In response to alleged
North Vietnamese firing on an American ship, Congress approved
Johnsons request for military powers to protect the US from further
aggression. The Tet Offensive North Vietnamese planned and executed
a surprise attack on US and South Vietnamese forces in South
Vietnam * Proved to Americans that the War was not nearing an end
as told * The Tet Offensive North Vietnamese planned and executed a
surprise attack on US and South Vietnamese forces in South Vietnam
* Proved to Americans that the War was not nearing an end as told
*
Slide 56
Nixon and Vietnam R. Nixon began Vietnamization and brought and
end to the then very unpopular war. R. Nixon began Vietnamization
and brought and end to the then very unpopular war. Paris Peace
Accords officially ended US involvement in Vietnam Paris Peace
Accords officially ended US involvement in Vietnam Saigon fell and
all of Vietnam was Communist Very chaotic US troops forced to
airlift @1,000 US personnel and 6,000 S. Vietnamese citizens to
aircraft carriers. Saigon fell and all of Vietnam was Communist
Very chaotic US troops forced to airlift @1,000 US personnel and
6,000 S. Vietnamese citizens to aircraft carriers.
Slide 57
The nation remained very divided over the war with the youth in
American becoming more outspoken against the war and protests
becoming more violent. - Counterculture The nation remained very
divided over the war with the youth in American becoming more
outspoken against the war and protests becoming more violent. -
Counterculture
Slide 58
Vietnam Protest Kent State University shootings Kent State
University shootings
Slide 59
Vietnam Protests
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Woodstock August 1969
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Civil Rights Movement 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education 1954
Brown vs. Board of Education 1955 Death of Emmett Till 1955 Death
of Emmett Till 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks Martin Luther
King Jr. became the leader of the SCLC and the Civil Rights
Movement 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Jr. became the leader of the SCLC and the Civil Rights Movement
King pushed nonviolent protest and civil Disobedience purposeful
breaking of a law to change it. King pushed nonviolent protest and
civil Disobedience purposeful breaking of a law to change it. 1957
Little Rock Crisis 9 black students testing the courts decision to
integrate schools 1957 Little Rock Crisis 9 black students testing
the courts decision to integrate schools
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Civil Rights Organizations and terms SCLC- SCLC- CORE- CORE-
SNCC- SNCC- Black Panthers- Black Panthers- Black Power Movement-
Black Power Movement- Civil Disobedience- Civil Disobedience-
Affirmative Action- Affirmative Action-
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Civil Rights Movement 1961 Freedom Rides tested the courts
decision banning segregation 1961 Freedom Rides tested the courts
decision banning segregation 1962 Ole Miss Riots riots over James
Merediths registration 1962 Ole Miss Riots riots over James
Merediths registration 1963 Violence in Birmingham most segregated
city in the US where nonviolent protesters were violently attacked
(televised, shocking Americans) 1963 Violence in Birmingham most
segregated city in the US where nonviolent protesters were
violently attacked (televised, shocking Americans) 1963 Wallace
Stands in the schoolhouse door Alabamas Gov. prevented black
students from enrolling 1963 Wallace Stands in the schoolhouse door
Alabamas Gov. prevented black students from enrolling That same
night, NAACP leader, Medgar Evers was killed That same night, NAACP
leader, Medgar Evers was killed 1963 Freedom Summer voting rights
in Mississippi 1963 Freedom Summer voting rights in
Mississippi
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Civil Rights Movement 1963 March on Washington Martin Luther
King Jr. gave his I Have A Dream speech pushing for legislation
1963 March on Washington Martin Luther King Jr. gave his I Have A
Dream speech pushing for legislation 1963 Birmingham Church Bombing
1963 Birmingham Church Bombing Civil Rights Act of 1964 LBJ Civil
Rights Act of 1964 LBJ 1965 Malcom X was assassinated 1965 Malcom X
was assassinated 1965 Selma March 1965 Selma March Voting Rights
Act of 1965 Voting Rights Act of 1965 1965 Watts Race Riots 34
killed 1965 Watts Race Riots 34 killed 1967 Detroit Race Riots
worst of 75 race riots was killing 43 1967 Detroit Race Riots worst
of 75 race riots was killing 43 April 4, 1968 Martin Luther King
Jr. was assassinated by James Earl Ray April 4, 1968 Martin Luther
King Jr. was assassinated by James Earl Ray