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DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Large Hadron electron Collider
LHeC …
Large Hadron electron Collider
LHeC …
1. Introduction2. LHeC: “energy, precision and luminosity”3. The Physics Horizon4. Experiment5. Onwards ?
John Dainton*
Cockcroft Institute,Daresbury Science and Innovation Centre, GB
http://www.lancs.ac.uk/cockcroft-institute/
… indisputably the next step
… indisputably the next step
Deep-Inelastic Lepton Scattering
at the LHC
Deep-Inelastic Lepton Scattering
at the LHC
*with M Klein (DESY Zeuthen)P Newman (Univ Birmingham),
E Perez (CE Saclay)F Willeke (DESY Hamburg)
hep-ex/0603016 DESY 06-006 Cockcroft-06-05
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
1.Introduction1.Introduction
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
2007: a vintage year for Physics2007: a vintage year for Physics
●July 2007: final HERA data samplee± p chiral probe @ 0.001 fm
●July 2007: first collisions @ LHCpp @ 14000 GeV @ 1033 cm-2 s-1
●July 2007: hitherto unique p and A beam7 TeV per nucleon, high intensitynew opportunities ?
LR
20??: 70 GeV e± in LHC tunnele± p chiral probe @ 0.00014 fm
LR?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYKinematic ReachKinematic Reach
●70 7000 GeV e± p cm energy 1400 GeV
Z W
e
RL
quark structure@ ≥ 0.0001 fmquark structure@ ≥ 0.0001 fm
space-like >TeV
?
?
eq >TeV
3×10-7
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Structure of MatterStructure of Matter
dstructure q = 2/
electron point-like “source”
Z0 W
nu
cle
us
nu
cle
on
qu
ark
NC
+C
C+
glu
on
●LHeC
glu
on
s E
W
?
●unique chiral probe @ 0.0001 fm ?
●precision
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
SM
-0.0001
-0.0003
-0.001
-0.003
-0.01
-0.03
-0.1
e+e-.
Progress … ?Progress … ? (fm)
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 ….?
.ep p SLAC+CERNquarks in proton NC P
ep
QPM
HERA
QCD+EW
EW QCD .. LQ
l*
q*
SU
SY
?Q
CD
+EW
un
ificati
on
HF+
EW
ep eA
QCD spin gluon
leptons+ quarks
hadronic mass in Universe
Higgs mass
CKM
?
?
?.p p A
beyond?
CERN+FNALHERA
epeA
LH
eC
?
epeA
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
2. LHeC: “energy, 2. LHeC: “energy, 2. LHeC: “energy, precision
2. LHeC: “energy, precision
2. LHeC: “energy, precision
and luminosity”
2. LHeC: “energy, precision
and luminosity”
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYProton beamProton beam
●”standard” LHC protons
protons
antiprotons
protons
Np
εpN
… with electrons?
protonselectrons?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYep Luminosityep Luminosity
●few 10s GeV electrons (LEP = 70 GeV!) ●RF power = 50 MW = 0.86 LEP = 28% CERN site
●RF power = synchrotron radiation Ie = 74 mA
luminosity
74×10-3×1.67×1011×7000/.9384π×1.6×10-19×3.75×10-6×=
L = 1.15×1033/ (m2) cm-2 s-1
L ~ 1033 cm-2s-1 for reasonable p-beam β ~ 1 m
“per
fect
”
bunch x-
ing
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
●LLHeC e±p@ 0.00014 fm
●LLHeC e±p@ 0.00014 fm
e±p Luminositye±p Luminosity
●astounding !
●×102 LNMC
@ 0.01 fm
●×102 LNMC
@ 0.01 fm
●LeRHIC
@ 0.007 fm
●LeRHIC
@ 0.007 fm
indisputably the next step … is it feasible ?
●×102 LHERA
@ 0.001 fm
●×102 LHERA
@ 0.001 fm
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Feasible Luminosity ?Feasible Luminosity ?
●bunch matching βeεe = βpεp = βpγp
●electron βe constrained by depth of focus for p-bunches σp ~ 7 cm
●electron emittance εe constrained by- dynamic aperture- geometric aperture- beam-beam tune shifts
feasible match with tolerable “hour-glass” loss
σp
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYLHeC SpecificationLHeC Specification
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Lepton RingLepton Ring
●in LEP tunnel so like LEP- FODO in eight arcs β-tron phase advance φH=108o φV=90o
- bending radius 3005.3 m- (δE/Ebeam)rms = 1.1×10-3
- SR 26 W/cm (Ec=254 KeV)- scRF @ 1GHz resonators @ 12 MV/m 100 m structure = 670 cells
sync. Phase 31o
bucket takes 10× (δE/Ebeam)rms - unlikely e-beam instability single bunch current modest impedance << LEP
LEP=9 W/cmHERA=13.5 W/cm
scRF proven@ 6 MV/m
1
2
3 4
5
6
78
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYLepton RingLepton Ring
LHeC
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYep Collisionsep Collisions
●after B physics @ LHC
during pp pA AA data-taking @ LHC
p
e
civil engineeringtunnel 2×250m×2m Ø @IP
civil engineeringtunnel 2×250m×2m Ø @IP
LHeC
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Interaction RegionInteraction Region
●highest lumi
- low βe
close sc quads
- low x-ing angle“hard” bend
SR fan sc p-beam « HERA
- “crab” RF cavity p-bunch rotation
3.5 mrad0.5 mrad
V-displaced
top elevation
11.4 kW
3.4 kW 3.2 kW
●1o beam access = low-lumi/low-x option (cf HERA)
“crabbed”(rotated)p-bunch
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Interaction RegionInteraction Region
●high luminosity operation
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
●beam-beam- “hour-glass”- dynamic β: < HERA- long range beam-beam (parasitic interactions):
marginal
Operational Luminosity
Operational Luminosity
operational luminosity
!
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
IR and ExperimentIR and Experiment
●IR ±many m
●IR ≥9.4o around beam
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
LHeCLHeC
●tunnel exists (LEP, LHC)
●injection once existed (LEP)
●operating p-beam (from 2007)
●operating A-beam (from 2007)
●ep operating alongside pp pA AA
●LHC upgrade●cost ?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
3.The Physics Horizon
3.The Physics Horizon
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
New Kinematic Reach in Lepton-Hadron
New Kinematic Reach in Lepton-Hadron
space-like >TeV
eq >TeV
3×10-7
●Q2LHEC 102Q2
HERA
●xLHEC 10-2xHERA
●sLHEC 20sHERAeq eq
●extrapolation … …or interpolation ?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Lepton-Parton and Parton-Parton
Lepton-Parton and Parton-Parton
●sLHC 102×sLHeC70 GeV
●for target parton
xprobe/proton =
= 0.01 @ LHC
sLHeC
sLHC
●LHC probe - confused LHC>LHeC - complementary for LHC~LHeC gluon @ low-x
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Energy FrontierEnergy Frontier
LQe
q …
e
q
Z
e
q
e
2
+
LQ+q
e
●leptoquarks
100 fb-1
10 fb-1 (1 year @ LHeC)
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Energy FrontierEnergy Frontier
LQe
q …
e
q
Z
e
q
e
2
+
LQ+q
e
●leptoquarks
- formation and decay-e±qNC,CC
- fermion number
- branching ratios
- spin-parity
- chirality ?
- flavourcoupling
●if LQ spectroscopy discovered precision tools to understand it
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Dense Chromodynamics
Dense Chromodynamics
●relentless low-x rise of F2 for x ≥ 10-4
- saturation? partons must someday recombine
- LHeC: precision for x > 3×10-7: extreme nuclei ?(∂F2/∂ lnx)Q2
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Precision Chromodynamics
Precision Chromodynamics
●short distance structure of QCD
- 2006 @ 10-9
- 2006 GF @ 10-5
- 2006 G @ 0.1%
- 2006 S @ 1-2%
- LHeC precision S
few/mil
●discovery + precisionprobe new chromodynamic physics ?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Comprehensive Physics HorizonComprehensive Physics Horizon
●energy foreq discoveryextreme chromodynamics
●precision foreq discoveryeq understandingextreme chromodynamics
●luminosity foreq discovery
LHeC and LHC
LHeC and ILC
LHeC and LHC
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
4. Experiment
4. Experiment
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
Acceptance and Measurement
Acceptance and Measurement
e
!
●70 7000 GeV
●high lumi quads (±10o bp) Q2 > 100 GeV2 x > 3×10-5
●few GeV ≤ Eh,e ≤ few TeV
●low lumi for low x (no quads) 1 < Q2 < 100 GeV2
x < 3×10-5
“forward” hadrons:
“forward rapgap” instrumentation precision e/had-measurement
170 < θe < 179o 170 < θh < 179o
jete
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYRateRate
●100/10 fb-1
= 100/LHeC y-1
@ Q2 = 1 TeV2
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
8. Onwards ?8. Onwards ?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
NowNow
●LHeC 70e 7000p GeV
- can be built
- has startlingly good luminosity 1033 cm-2s-1
grows with LHC pp luminosity
- adds substantially, uniquely and with synergy to LHCTeV energy physics
- probes chromodynamics@ new density frontier in uniquely comprehensive mannerwith unchallengable precisionsynergetically with LHC pp pA AA
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
NowNow
●CERN: Engelen “work it out!” Fall 2005
●hep-ex/0603016CERN Council (CC) Strategy group - emphasised by speakers - encouraging individual response●hep-ex/0603016 noted in the US DoE strategy: meeting now on lepton-hadron
●strong interest in LHeC @ DIS2006 … to be carried to CERN Strategy group by its members @ DIS2006 - implies global support - confirms importance of breadth in future HEP
CC Strategy Group “interesting to work it out”
??
Jan 2006Jan 2006
April 2006April 2006
May 2006May 2006
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
NextNext
●begin preparation of detailed evaluation- establish global working group (CERN pivotal)
1. machinee± injectione± ringLHC impact and modifications
2. experiment3. physics
●look for any remaining “showstoppers”●prepare CERN “white book”
●LoI to LHCC
●cost
2009 ?
other LHC upgrades ?
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGYCoordinating GroupCoordinating Group
●organisation ?
●coordinator(s) ?
●first meeting where ?
●first meeting when ?
●first meeting to organise work + schedule
DIS06TsukubaApril 23rd 2006John Dainton THE COCKCROFT INSTITUTE of
ACCELERATOR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
In case you were wondering … ?
In case you were wondering … ?
Sir John Cockcroft …
doing accelerator physics ca 1950 …
… with 1950 DAQ – pencil and paper!
… with 1950 graphics – ammeter! voltmeter!
![Low x Physics at the LHeC: DIS with E e =70GeV and E p =7TeV P.Newman, Birmingham [hep-ex/0603016, JINST 1 (2006) P10001] Thanks to E Avsar, J Dainton,](https://img.pdfslide.us/doc/110x75/56649e525503460f94b484a3/low-x-physics-at-the-lhec-dis-with-e-e-70gev-and-e-p-7tev-pnewman-birmingham.jpg)
![Title The LHeC Project at CERN Design Concepts for the LHeC [WEODA03] Max Klein (U.Liverpool+CERN) for the LHeC Study Group TUPC017 Civil Engineering Studies](https://img.pdfslide.us/doc/110x75/551abf695503466b6a8b4ba0/title-the-lhec-project-at-cern-design-concepts-for-the-lhec-weoda03-max-klein-uliverpoolcern-for-the-lhec-study-group-tupc017-civil-engineering-studies.jpg)
