The Civil WarBy Mr. Sims

Eastern TheaterEast of the Appalachians

Focused on the region surrounding the two capitals

Confederacy won most of the battles

Western TheaterCentered around the Mississippi River and its tributaries

Union forces achieved great success

Victory at ShilohNorth lost 13,000 men and the South 10,000

Union wins victory

Confederate General Albert Johnston wounded

Gave Union a staging ground for offensives against Southern cities along the Mississippi

Union Victory at New Orleans

Control of the Mississippi River depended upon taking New Orleans (largest city in the south & a central port for supplying troops along the west of the river)

Gave Union control of mouth of the river

Cost the South its largest city & split Confederacy

Weakened Confederate morale

The Eastern CampaignMcClellan laid siege to Yorktown as a preliminary to attacking Richmond

Johnston held Yorktown for a month, then retreated toward Richmond

Johnston was wounded in the Battle of Seven Pines and Lee halted the fighting

Lee took advantage of McClellan’s failure to move by attacking in the Seven Days’ Battles

Casualties on both sides were high but the South was considered the victor because McClellan retreated

A Change in Union War Goals

Union victory at Antietam gave Lincoln the political support he needed to expand the North’s original war goal of saving the Union to include eliminating slavery

African American Soldiers

Nearly 180,000 African American men served in the Union army

33,000 African Americans died in service

African Americans served in the navy and participated in the attack on Fort Wagner

More than 20 African American soldiers and sailors won the Congressional Medal of Honor

Battle of Fredericksburg The Confederate army defeated the Union army,

and the Union suffered more than 12,000 casualties

Battle of ChancellorsvilleThe Confederate army defeated the larger Union army but lost one of its best generals, Stonewall Jackson