The City and Security

Era 1--The Walled City: 500 AD to 1700

Era 2--The Unwalled City: 1700 to 9/11/2001

Era 3--Securing the Unwalled City: April 8, 2003 to Implosion of the Unwalled City

Era 4--Return to the Walled City: Beginning with Implosion of the Unwalled City

Louis XIV: The Sun King (1643-1715)

L’Etat, C’est Moi

(The State, That’s Me)

Walled Paris:17th Century

17th Century Paris: Population 100,000

17th Century London: Population 40,000

Unwalled ParisApril 3, 2005

From Walled to Unwalled City: The Crucial Role of the Nation

State

City # 1 City # 2

Trade Routes

Land Routes: State Controlled Army

Sea Routes: State Controlled Navy

Era 3: Securing the Unwalled City

Phase I: Urban Area Security Initiative (April 8, 2003)

(Pork Barrel Urban Security)

Phase II: Re-Engineering the City: Systematic Infrastructure Protection December 17, 2003—HSPD # 7

Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI)

April 8, 2003

Today the Department of Homeland Security, through the Office of Domestic Preparedness,announced that approximately $100 million dollars from the FY '03 Funding will be dedicated tolarge urban areas within the United States. The money, dispersed under the Urban Area SecurityInitiative, will help enhance the local governments' ability to prepare for and respond to threats orincidents of terrorism. The funds announced today are in addition to the $566 million that theOffice for Domestic Preparedness announced last month from the FY'03 Funding for firstresponder needs such as equipment, training, planning and exercises.

The cities were chosen by applying a formula based upon a combination of factors includingpopulation density, critical infrastructure and threat/vulnerability assessment. The cities have allpreviously received funding from the Office for Domestic Preparedness in the form of grants forFirst Responders and will also potentially receive funds from the FY '03 Supplemental BudgetRequest currently pending in Congress.

Ohio—(UASI)

Ohio 2005 UASI Allocation: $26 million

$26 million divided by 4 Ohio Cities:

Cleveland

Toledo

Columbus

Cincinnati

HSPD-7 (issued December 17, 2003) directed the development of a National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP).HSPD-7 specifies the following key content elements:

A strategy to identify, prioritize, and coordinate CI/KR protection;

Descriptions of activities which support each element of the strategy;

A summary of initiatives for sharing CI/KR information and for providing CI/KR threat warning data; and

Coordination and integration with other Federal emergency management and preparedness activities.

Phase II:Systematic Infrastructure

Protection

The Not so Hidden Message inHSPD # 7

A FederalTop DownHierarchical Strategy

The Initial Problems of Federal Strategy

Distinguishing Between Critical and Non Critical Infrastructure

Problem I

Critical Infrastructure/

Key Resources (CI/KR)

Critical Infrastructure/Key Resources (CI/KR) include the assets, systems, networks and functions that provide vital services to the nation.

(NIPP, June 2006, Page 7)

Critical Infrastructure: Definitions

“Key Resources” are the publicly or privately controlled resources essential to the minimal operations of the economy and government

“Key Assets” are the individual targets whose destruction could cause large-scale injury, death, or destruction of property, and/or profoundly damage our national prestige and confidence

Problem II: Categorizing Critical Infrastructure

Agriculture, foodPublic Health and HealthcareDrinking Water and

Wastewater TreatmentEnergy: Production, Storage

DistributionBanking and FinanceNational Monuments and IconsDefense and Industrial BaseInformation TechnologyTelecommunications

ChemicalTransportation SystemsEmergency ServicesPostal and ShippingDamsGovernment FacilitiesCommercial FacilitiesNuclear Reactors, Materials

And waste

Problem III: Horizontal Coordination

The NIPP was officially released on June 30, 2006.

Coordination With States

Coordination with the Private Sector

Problem IV: Vertical Coordination

Solving Vertical Coordination: Sector-Specific Plan

Are tailored to address the unique characteristics and risk landscapes of each sector

Sector-Specific Agencies partner with SCCs and GCCs to develop the SSPs

Detail the application of the NIPP risk management framework across each sector

SSPs are to be submitted to DHS within 180 days after the NIPP is issued (December 31, 2006)

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific PlansSector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Plans

Sector-Specific Sector-Specific Plans (17)Plans (17)

Sector Partnership Model

Information Sharing and Protection

The Technological Challenge

Engineering New Efficient & Effective Technology Sensor Technology Integration of Multiple Sensor Data Making Sensor Data Intelligible

Geospatial Data

Cyber Security

Sensor & Data Stream

Integration

TraditionalSensors

InfrastructureSecurity

Engineering Technology and Infrastructure Security

Integration of Sensor Data

Government Fusion Center

UCII: Core Team

Arthur Helmicki Sensor Experience: Structural Monitoring Data Processing, Visualization

Victor Hunt Sensor Experience: Structural Monitoring Condition Assessment

James Stever Sensor Experience: Military Interdiction Policy Analysis Intergovernmental Management

More than 5 decades total experience, liaisons to the wider base of expertise at UC and elsewhere

The UC Critical Infrastructure Security Project

Extension of SETCP to Ohio Extension of Dual Uses:

radiology, transportation infrastructure, traffic flow/emergency response

Multimodal: Land/Inland Waterways, Layered to Increase Security Interstates + Southern Border Initiative + Northern Border

Initiative

References

http://www.dhs.gov/xprevprot/programs/editorial_0827.shtm#0

National Infrastructure Protection Plan, 2006

Lewis Mumford. The Culture of Cities. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1970.

Niall Ferguson. Collossus: The Price of America’s Empire. New York: Penquin Press, 2004

http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/Physical_Strategy.pdf

National Strategy for Protection of Critical Infrastructure and Key Assets, 2003

Stephen Flynn. The Edge of Disaster. New York, Random House, 2007

America the Resilient: http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20080301faessay87201/stephen-e-flynn/america-the-resilient.html