The Circulatory The Circulatory SystemSystem

Also known as theAlso known as the

Cardiovascular Cardiovascular SystemSystem

What’s Involved: Heart, What’s Involved: Heart, Blood Vessels, BloodBlood Vessels, Blood

What’s the Job: Carry What’s the Job: Carry needed substances to cells needed substances to cells and waste awayand waste away– Needed: oxygen, glucoseNeeded: oxygen, glucose– Waste: carbon dioxideWaste: carbon dioxide

Heart-Heart-hollow, muscular hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood organ that pumps blood through the body, has 2 through the body, has 2

sidessidesLeft side of the heart-Left side of the heart- holds the holds the oxygen rich bloodoxygen rich blood

Right side of the heart-Right side of the heart- holds holds the oxygen poor blood (high the oxygen poor blood (high in carbon dioxide)in carbon dioxide)

Each side of the heart has two chambers, upper and lower

Atria- Atria- (singular=atrium) (singular=atrium) upper chambers that receive upper chambers that receive bloodblood

Ventricles-Ventricles-lower chambers lower chambers that pump blood out of heartthat pump blood out of heart

Continued…Continued…

Valve-Valve-flap that prevents flap that prevents back flow of bloodback flow of blood

Septum-Septum-thick wall that thick wall that separates sides of the heartseparates sides of the heart

Pacemaker-Pacemaker-part of the part of the heart that sends signals to heart that sends signals to heart to beatheart to beat

A Valve in the Heart

Blood Vessels-Blood Vessels-transport transport blood around the bodyblood around the body

Arteries-Arteries-carry blood away from carry blood away from the heartthe heart

Veins-Veins-carry blood to the heartcarry blood to the heartCapillaries- Capillaries- only place where only place where substances can be exchanged, substances can be exchanged, very small and thinvery small and thin

Notice that arteries are much thicker than veins. This is because arteries contain a layer of muscle and veins do not.

Blood-Blood-made of 4 parts-plasma, made of 4 parts-plasma, red blood cells, white blood red blood cells, white blood

cells, and plateletscells, and platelets

Plasma-Plasma-made of molecules from made of molecules from digested food, carries Carbon digested food, carries Carbon dioxidedioxide

Red Blood Cells-Red Blood Cells-carry Oxygencarry OxygenWhite Blood Cells-White Blood Cells-disease fightersdisease fightersPlatelets-Platelets-cell fragments that form cell fragments that form

blood clotsblood clots

Red Blood Cell

White Blood Cell

Platelet

Blood makes 2 loops Blood makes 2 loops through body-through body-

11stst loop- heart to lungs back loop- heart to lungs back to heartto heart

22ndnd loop- heart to body back loop- heart to body back to heartto heart

Aorta-Aorta-largest artery in the body, largest artery in the body, carries oxygen rich blood to the bodycarries oxygen rich blood to the body

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava-largest veins in the body, carry oxygen poor blood from the body back to the heart

Pulmonary Artery-carries oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs

Pulmonary Vein-carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the heart

Gasses pass through walls of Gasses pass through walls of capillaries by capillaries by diffusiondiffusion (the (the movement of molecules from movement of molecules from an area of high concentration an area of high concentration to low)to low)

Red blood cells are covered in Red blood cells are covered in a protein called a protein called HemoglobinHemoglobin which allows oxygen which allows oxygen molecules to bond to themmolecules to bond to them