The Changing Face of ILL:Patron-Initiated Borrowing

andTraditional Interlibrary Loan

• Lynn Chmelir, Washington State Universitylchmelir@wsu.edu

• Nancy Nathanson, Orbis Cascade Alliancennathans@oregon.uoregon.edu

• Sarah Beasley, Portland State Universitybeasleys@pdx.edu

Patron-InitiatedBorrowing

• End user sends an electronic request directly to a lending library without staff mediation at the borrowing library.

Overview

Part One: BooksOrbisCascadeSummitTraditional Interlibrary Loan

Part Two: ArticlesArticle Supplier Analysis Project

Innovative Interfaces’ Development Effort

Orbis Cascade Alliance Council Decision

Part Three:Efficiencies of patron-initiated borrowing

Orbis: 1993-20025-20 Public and Private Institutions

in Oregon and Washington

• First replication of OhioLINK:

• Patron-initiated borrowing via an Innovative Interfaces Union Catalog

• Institutional cooperation backed up by an excellent delivery service

Experience at Linfield College:

Union catalog became the default catalogLarge initial net borrower

97/98: 1,438 loans: 4% of consortium total 4,908 borrows: 13% of consortium total 3,470 net borrowsLoad leveling changed that 98/99: 8,028 loans: 10.6% of consortium total

6,385 borrows: 8.4% of consortium total

1,643 net loansTraditional Interlibrary Loan for books diminishedsharply

Change in Net Lending:97/98 to 98/99

Cascade: 2000-20036 Washington Public Institutions

Central Washington University

Eastern Washington University

The Evergreen State College

University of Washington

Washington State University

Western Washington University

Another Replication of III’s OhioLINK software, now named INN-Reach

Cascade Borrowing and Traditional Interlibrary Loan

Chmelir, L. (2005), “Patron-Initiated Borrowing and Traditional ILL: the Cascade Experience.” Interlending and Document Supply. Vol. 33 No. 1, pp. 35-41.

ILL and Cascade Book Loans: 98/99-02/03Traditional ILL down 21%

Book transactions up 272%C har t 1: I LL an d C ascade, R et ur n ables

0

20, 000

40, 000

60, 000

80, 000

100, 000

120, 000

140, 000

160, 000

180, 000

1999-2000 2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003

I LL Transactions

Cascade Transactions

Total Transactions

Transactions for books:Up an average of 272% from 98/99 to 02/03

Chart 11: Returnables, 99/00 and 02/03

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

Evergreen Central Eastern Western Univ. of Wash. Wash. St. Univ.

1999/00

2002/03

ILL and Cascade Book Loans71% via Cascade in 02/03

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

Evergreen Central Eastern Western Univ. of Wash. Wash. St. Univ.

ILL

Cascade

Total

% via Cascade

ILL Copies: 99-03Remained virtually unchanged

Chart 2: ILL Copies

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

1999-2000 2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003

Loans

Borrow s

Total

Cascade Net Loans: 2002/03

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Centra

l

Easte

rn

Everg

reen

U Wash

Wash

St U

Weste

rn

Series1

Summit: 2003-Orbis Cascade Alliance26-33 Public and Private Institutions

in Oregon and Washington

Transactions of Former Cascade Libraries via Summit

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2003/04 2004/05

Borrowing

Lending

Cascade LibrariesGrowth in Patron-Initiated Transactions

00/01: 75,33004/05: 190,9755 year increase: 153%

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

2000

/200

1

2001

/200

2

2002

/200

3

2003

/200

4

2004

/200

5

Series1

Cascade Net Lending via Summit:03/04: .92 Net Borrower04/05: 1.02 Net Lender

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

Central U Wash

FY 03/04

FY 04/05

Economies of Patron Initiated Borrowing:ARL Study in 2004

• Higher fill rates

• Faster turnaround time

• Lower unit costs Borrowing: $2.89 versus $17.50 (17%) Lending: $3.27 versus $9.27 (35%)

Jackson, M. (2004). Assessing ILL/DD Services: New Cost-effective Alternatives, with Kingma, B. and Delaney, T. Association of Research Libraries, Washington DC.

Patron-Initiated Article Requests?The CDMC Article Supplier Analysis Project

Orbis Cascade Alliance

October 2004: Council established the Collection Development and Manangement Committee

January 2005: Council charged the CDMC to provide date to help it decide whether to enter into a development project with III to provide patron-initiated article delivery. They asked for information for a single month to answer the following questions:

1. How many journal articles were requested by Alliance members from within and outside the consortium?

2. How many of them could have been filled from within the Alliance?

3. How many libraries would have been able to supply each article?

4. Is there potential for load balancing for article requests?

Deadline: mid-April, 2005

Data Collection Effort

• Developed a data collection form on Excel

• CDMC members acted as liaisons at their libraries

• Very short deadline

• Summit holdings records were messy, inconsistent, and difficult to interpret

• Everyone came through!