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The Changing The Changing Ecology of Higher Ecology of Higher
Education and Education and LearningLearning
Ralph A. WolffRalph A. WolffPresident, WASCPresident, WASC
2
PropositionsPropositions
Both higher education and accreditation Both higher education and accreditation are broken and the fix isn’t clearare broken and the fix isn’t clear
Current business/organizational models Current business/organizational models are not sustainableare not sustainable
Increases in both federal financial aid Increases in both federal financial aid and regulation are also not sustainableand regulation are also not sustainable
We all need to learn from, not fight, We all need to learn from, not fight, disruptive changesdisruptive changes
2GGU Retreat 9-17-11
33GGU Retreat 9-17-11
InstitutionsInstitutions
Public 4-year institutionsPublic 4-year institutions 643 643
Public 2-year institutionsPublic 2-year institutions 1,045 1,045
Private 4-year institutions, nonprofit 1,533Private 4-year institutions, nonprofit 1,533
Private 4-year institutions, for-profitPrivate 4-year institutions, for-profit 453453
Private 2-year institutions, nonprofitPrivate 2-year institutions, nonprofit 107107
Private 2-year institutions, for-profitPrivate 2-year institutions, for-profit 533533
TotalTotal 4,3144,314
44GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Where Students GoWhere Students Go
Public 4-year institutions 6,955,013 (39%)Public 4-year institutions 6,955,013 (39%)
Public 2-year institutions 6,225,120 (35%)Public 2-year institutions 6,225,120 (35%)
Private 4-year institutionsPrivate 4-year institutions 4,285,317 (24%) 4,285,317 (24%)
Private 2-year institutionsPrivate 2-year institutions 293,420293,420 (1%) (1%)
TotalTotal 17,758,87017,758,870
81% of all freshmen in the fall of 2006 who had 81% of all freshmen in the fall of 2006 who had graduated from high school in the previous graduated from high school in the previous year attended colleges in their home states. year attended colleges in their home states.
For Profit SectorFor Profit Sector
Total enrollment: > 2 millionTotal enrollment: > 2 million Total market share: 10-11%Total market share: 10-11% Financial aid share: 24%Financial aid share: 24% Online market share: 42%Online market share: 42% First year default rate: 15%First year default rate: 15% Avg costs: $30,900 (cf. $26,600 at Avg costs: $30,900 (cf. $26,600 at
private, non-profit colleges and private, non-profit colleges and $15,600 at public institutions)$15,600 at public institutions)
5GGU Retreat 9-17-11
6
Our Real Inquiry
What would be lost if GGU (or WASC) did not continue to exist?
What are the key factors that could lead to your demise?
To your transformation?
GGU Retreat 9-17-11
7
A Three Horizon Framework for Engaging
the Swirl of Changes
H 1 – “Business as Usual” H 2 – “Innovations needed” H 3 – “First stirrings” of successors to
H1
Examples: mainframe, laptop, internet, smartphones
Schools: mass education; specialized schools; universal education without schools
GGU Retreat 9-17-11
8
Change #1: Change #1: DemographicsDemographics
Majority minority by 2020Majority minority by 2020 De-instutionalization of learning at De-instutionalization of learning at
undergraduate level – majority of undergraduate level – majority of students attend more than one students attend more than one institutioninstitution
Working more and studying lessWorking more and studying less More demanding of 24/7 support More demanding of 24/7 support
services – registration, financial aid, services – registration, financial aid, career counselingcareer counseling
8GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Change #2: Changing Change #2: Changing Institutional FormsInstitutional Forms
The new “providers” – for profit, national The new “providers” – for profit, national in scale – Phoenix, Walden, Cappella, in scale – Phoenix, Walden, Cappella, ArgosyArgosy
Aggregators – Charter Oak, Western Aggregators – Charter Oak, Western Governors, Excelsior Governors, Excelsior
““Charter” universities – High Tech High, Charter” universities – High Tech High, Pioneer University, Rudolf Steiner, Bergin Pioneer University, Rudolf Steiner, Bergin Institute, San Joaquin Valley CollegeInstitute, San Joaquin Valley College
Acquisitions and changing forms – NHU, Acquisitions and changing forms – NHU, USU, Trident, Ashford, etc.USU, Trident, Ashford, etc.
9GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Change #3: New Change #3: New ApproachesApproaches
Unbundling – success coaching, Unbundling – success coaching, student services, recruitment, student services, recruitment, librarieslibraries
Outsourcing – Straighterline.com; Outsourcing – Straighterline.com; LearningCounts.orgLearningCounts.org
Joint ventures – USC and 2Tor; Joint ventures – USC and 2Tor; Northeastern and Embanet; Altius Northeastern and Embanet; Altius and Tiffen Univ. = Ivy Bridge and Tiffen Univ. = Ivy Bridge College College
10GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Change #4: Learning Change #4: Learning ContentContent
Open source; pull not push (iTunes U, Open source; pull not push (iTunes U, TED.com)TED.com)
Bricolage Bricolage approach to contentapproach to content Different ways of working together - Different ways of working together -
networkednetworked Concierge services; immediate
response to inquiries and assignments Online tutorials –Kahnacademy.com Social construction of learningSocial construction of learning
11GGU Retreat 9-17-11
12
You Tube: Kahn Academy
Name: Salman Kahn Channel Views: 3,959,888 Total Upload Views: 35,547,067 Joined: November 16, 2006 Subscribers: 97,071 Website: http://www.khanacademy.org It is our mission to accelerate learning for
students of all ages. With this in mind, we want to share our content with whoever may find it useful. The videos have been categorized within the playlists.
GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Would you agree?Would you agree?
13GGU Retreat 9-17-11
A teacher that can be replaced A teacher that can be replaced by a machine , should be…..by a machine , should be…..
Students can learn anything on Students can learn anything on their own…their own…
A teacher really needs to get out A teacher really needs to get out of the way of students’ of the way of students’ learning…..learning…..
The learners of the The learners of the future?future?
14GGU Retreat 9-17-11
New ApproachesNew Approaches
15GGU Retreat 9-17-11
16
A Model for the Future?Louis Soares, Center for American Progress
Current State
Institution Centric
Traditional college-going
Information poor
Static education model
Input/credit hour based
Accreditation
120 hour baccalaureate
Future State
Student centric
Flexible and varied options
Information rich
Business/education mix
Outcome based model
Independent credentialing
10,000 concepts and competencies
GGU Retreat 9-17-11
17
Some Options to Some Options to ConsiderConsider
Create a Third Horizon Task Force Create a Third Horizon Task Force across schools and disciplinesacross schools and disciplines
Study emerging changes within and Study emerging changes within and outside GGU’s disciplinary areas, outside GGU’s disciplinary areas, including your competitorsincluding your competitors
Conduct “learning journeys” and Conduct “learning journeys” and “learning fairs”“learning fairs”
Study change processes that have been Study change processes that have been successful - e.g., Google, IDEOsuccessful - e.g., Google, IDEO
Create a GGU “idea lab”Create a GGU “idea lab”17GGU Retreat 9-17-11
How WASC is How WASC is RespondingResponding
New focus on public accountability and New focus on public accountability and quality assurancequality assurance
Increased transparencyIncreased transparency Greater attention to student success and Greater attention to student success and
student learningstudent learning Focusing on degree level outcomes and Focusing on degree level outcomes and
proficienciesproficiencies Significantly revised institutional review Significantly revised institutional review
processprocess Ongoing study of the changing ecologyOngoing study of the changing ecology
18GGU Retreat 9-17-11
Student Success and Student Success and LearningLearning
External validation of disaggregated External validation of disaggregated graduation ratesgraduation rates
External validation of graduation External validation of graduation proficiencies in writing, critical proficiencies in writing, critical thinking and quantitative skillsthinking and quantitative skills
Piloting of the Degree Qualifications Piloting of the Degree Qualifications Profile Profile
19GGU Retreat 9-17-11
20GGU Retreat 9-17-11
21
Nothing is permanent, but Nothing is permanent, but changechange
Heraclitus 535–475 BCE Heraclitus 535–475 BCE
It is not the strongest of the It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most intelligent, but the one most responsive to changemost responsive to change
Charles Darwin 1809-1882Charles Darwin 1809-1882
21GGU Retreat 9-17-11
22
Thank you.Thank you.
22GGU Retreat 9-17-11