The CellThe Cell

Structure and FunctionStructure and Function

Maintaining a Healthy Maintaining a Healthy CellCell

In order to stay healthy and active a In order to stay healthy and active a cell must:cell must:

- obtain food and energy- obtain food and energy

- convert the energy to a usable - convert the energy to a usable formform

- make and regulate organelles- make and regulate organelles- carry out chemical reactions- carry out chemical reactions- eliminate waste- eliminate waste

- reproduce- reproduce

- keep a record of how to build - keep a record of how to build cell componentscell components

Cell TypesCell Types Prokaryotes – Prokaryotes – the the

smallest type of smallest type of cells with simple cells with simple structure. structure.

- They have NO - They have NO nucleus (an nucleus (an enclosed central enclosed central region within a cell region within a cell that contains that contains DNA/RNA). Their DNA/RNA). Their genetic information genetic information is spread is spread throughout the cell.throughout the cell.

Cell TypesCell Types Eukaryotes - Eukaryotes -

larger cells with larger cells with complex complex structures.structures.

- all plant - all plant and animal cells and animal cells are eukaryotic.are eukaryotic.

- these cells - these cells DO have a true DO have a true nucleusnucleus

Plant vs. AnimalPlant vs. Animal

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

Nucleus and NucleolusNucleus and Nucleolus

RibosomeRibosome

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi BodyGolgi Body

MitochondriaMitochondria

LysosomeLysosome

VesicleVesicle

Microtubules/Microtubules/MicrofilamentsMicrofilaments

CiliaCilia

FlagellaFlagella

Cell WallCell Wall

VacuoleVacuole

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Plant vs. Animal Cell

Most of the organelles found in animal cells are also found in plant cells ( eg. mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, etc.), but there are some differences.

Plant onlyPlant only Animal Animal OnlyOnly

Cell WallCell Wall Plastids Plastids

(chloroplasts & (chloroplasts & chromoplasts)chromoplasts)

LeukoplastsLeukoplasts Large central Large central

vacuolevacuole

CentriolesCentrioles LysosomesLysosomes PeroxisomesPeroxisomes

Your TurnYour Turn

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