The Cell and it’s Parts!The Cell and it’s Parts!Cool Intro from You Tube

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA

The Cell TheoryThe Cell Theory

1.1. All living things are All living things are composed of cellscomposed of cells

2.2. Cells are the basic Cells are the basic units of structure and units of structure and function in living function in living thingsthings

3.3. New cells are New cells are produced from produced from existing cellsexisting cells

Prokaryotes vs. EukaryotesProkaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

ProkaryotesProkaryotes Have cell membraneHave cell membrane Have cytoplasmHave cytoplasm DNA is free floating in DNA is free floating in

cytoplasmcytoplasm NO NUCLEUSNO NUCLEUS

Bacteria!Bacteria!

EukaryotesEukaryotes Have cell membraneHave cell membrane Have cytoplasmHave cytoplasm DNA is containedDNA is contained

IN NUCLEUSIN NUCLEUS Have organellesHave organelles

Specialized structures Specialized structures with specific functionswith specific functions

Voyage inside the Cell Membrane!Voyage inside the Cell Membrane!

Organelles found in EukaryotesOrganelles found in Eukaryotes Cell Membrane: LIPID BI-LAYER!!!Cell Membrane: LIPID BI-LAYER!!!

Functions:Functions: Controls movement in and out of cellControls movement in and out of cell Receives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs)Receives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs)

Found in:Found in: All cellsAll cells

Cytoplasm:Cytoplasm: Function:Function:

Site of chemical reactionsSite of chemical reactions Contained by cell membraneContained by cell membrane

Found in:Found in: All cellsAll cells

Cell WallCell Wall Function:Function:

Provides supportProvides support Found in:Found in:

Plants and FungiPlants and Fungi Surrounds cell membraneSurrounds cell membrane

The NucleusThe Nucleus

Organelles found in EukaryotesOrganelles found in Eukaryotes NucleusNucleus

FunctionFunction:: Contains DNA (chromatin)Contains DNA (chromatin) ““Control center” of cellControl center” of cell Surrounded by Surrounded by Nuclear Nuclear

membranemembrane Nucleolus:Nucleolus:

Center of nucleusCenter of nucleus Site of ribosome synthesisSite of ribosome synthesis

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

Ribosomes:Ribosomes:

Organelles found in EukaryotesOrganelles found in Eukaryotes

RibosomesRibosomes Function:Function:

Site of protein synthesisSite of protein synthesis ““Little dots”Little dots”

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Function:Function:

Assembly of cell parts and transportAssembly of cell parts and transport ““Smooth” has no ribosomesSmooth” has no ribosomes ““Rough” has ribosomes on surfaceRough” has ribosomes on surface

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

Endoplasmic Endoplasmic ReticulumReticulum::

Organelles found in EukaryotesOrganelles found in Eukaryotes Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus

Function:Function: Proteins are packaged and shipped Proteins are packaged and shipped

herehere

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

LysosomesLysosomes Function:Function:

Contain enzymes that break down Contain enzymes that break down thingsthings

Found in:Found in: Heterotrophic cellsHeterotrophic cells

Golgi Apparatus:Golgi Apparatus:

Mitochondria:Mitochondria:

Organelles found in EukaryotesOrganelles found in Eukaryotes MitochondriaMitochondria

FunctionFunction:: Site of cellular respirationSite of cellular respiration

Releasing energy from foodReleasing energy from food ““Powerhouse” of cellPowerhouse” of cell

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

VacuoleVacuole Function:Function:

Empty space used for storageEmpty space used for storage Much LARGER in plant cells…Much LARGER in plant cells…

WHY?WHY? Need to store water and starchNeed to store water and starch

Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells

Plant Cells: Cell Wall and VacuolePlant Cells: Cell Wall and Vacuole

Organelle found only in Autotrophs!Organelle found only in Autotrophs!(Plants and some Protists)(Plants and some Protists)

ChloroplastChloroplast Function:Function:

Site of photosynthesisSite of photosynthesis Uses sun’s energy Uses sun’s energy

and water to make and water to make food!food!

Found in:Found in: Plant cells, and Plant cells, and somesome

ProtistsProtists

Chloroplast:Chloroplast:

A Typical Animal CellA Typical Animal Cell

A Typical Plant CellA Typical Plant Cell

Vacuole

Microfilament

Centrioles

Microtuble

Lysosome

Answers:Answers:

1. Vacuole1. Vacuole 2. Microfilament2. Microfilament 3. Nuclear Membrane3. Nuclear Membrane 4. Nuclear Pore4. Nuclear Pore 5. Nucleolus5. Nucleolus 6. Nucleus6. Nucleus 7. Centrioles7. Centrioles 8. Microtuble8. Microtuble

9. Mitochondria9. Mitochondria 10. Smooth “ER” 10. Smooth “ER” 11. Cell Membrane11. Cell Membrane 12. Ribosomes12. Ribosomes 13. Golgi Apparatus13. Golgi Apparatus 14. Cytoplasm14. Cytoplasm 15. Lysosome15. Lysosome 16. Rough “ER”16. Rough “ER”

Let’s compare Animal and Plant cellsLet’s compare Animal and Plant cells

Plant Cell

BOTH Animal and Plant cell:Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm,

Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, Golgi

LysosomesSmall VacuolesRound in shape

Cell WallChloroplasts

Large VacuoleSquare in shape

Animal Cell