The Catholic Strategic Response to Undo 1492!

7/25/2019 The Catholic Strategic Response to Undo 1492!

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Dr. Robert Hickson 29 July 2004

Saint Martha

THE CATHOLIC STRATEGIC RESPONSE TO “UNDO 1492!”

It was some time between late 19 an! mi!"19# "" but be$ore the Israeli Si%"Day &ar

in June o$ 19# "" that I $irst hear! a Mohamme!an say' (&e will )et *rana!a back+, It was in

-urkey that these wor!s were soken.

-he same Mohamme!an was seakin) about the (Re"Recon/uista, o$ Sain an! the

recoery o$ the beauti$ul city o$ or!oba where the alihs esecially 3b! el Rahman ha!

wisely ma!e it their enchante! caital an! which was reorte! to hae been more lu%urious een

than a)h!a! itsel$. ut I re)ret to say I !i! not know any o$ this at the time.

In my !e$icient rearation an! shallow e!ucation as a youn) military o$$icer "" recently

assi)ne! $or a year to -urkey but also with !uties in *reece "" I !i! not een know what this

$aith$ul Moslem lainly meant much less the $uller strate)ic an! reli)ious imlications o$ his

coniction an! con$i!ent resole "" an! o$ his ii! historical memory. 5onetheless I was not

/uite so callow or !ull"witte! to beliee when he sai! (&e will )et *rana!a back+, that I was

to be a art o$ that (we, "" i$ you know what I mean6

(*rana!a, $or my Mohamme!an interlocutor was a synec!oche "" a art stan!in) $or a

lar)er whole. (*rana!a, !i! not 7ust stan! $or the $i$teenth"century Moorish 8in)!om o$

*rana!a nor $or its caital city o$ *rana!a itsel$ with its beauti$ul )ar!ens o$ the 3lhambra in

the mountains one hal$ mile aboe sea leel an! well"$orti$ie!. -he city o$ or!oba itsel$ was in

the $i$teenth century about which we seak no lon)er een a art o$ the Moorish 8in)!om

hain) been earlier con/uere! an! rebuilt by the hristians. 5o (*rana!a, essentially meant

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the Mohamme!an recoery o$ the Strate)ic Iberian eninsula "" Sain an! ortu)al. It imlie!

the lon)"ran)e (Re"Recon/uista, o$ what 8in) :er!inan! an! ;ueen Isabel ha! comlete!

$inally in 1492 "" a$ter a rotracte! war o$ seen hun!re! an! seenty years' $rom elayo<s

heroic northern initiatie at oa!on)a in #22 to *rana!a in the south in 1492. Such was the

Incarnation o$ hristian hialry which has sometimes been calle! (-he Soul o$ Sain., -heir

hristians< en!urin) hoe was !erie! $rom their $aith. 5ow howeer it mi)ht be !i$$erent.

-here may be a new $ace on the matter. So much aostasy has occurre!. 3n! the Sanish are

not hain) chil!ren.

Durin) the time I was assi)ne! to -urkey an! traelin) rather wi!ely in the Mi!!le =ast

I was also shown a ma where a line was !rawn $rom *ibraltar to >la!iostok. -his line was a

(shorthan!, way o$ showin) me the (5orthern March, or :rontier an! erhas only a

-emorary oun!ary o$ the northwar! ush o$ Islam. ?3$ter the Sue@ risis o$ 19A an! the

acillations o$ the !ii!e! &est the Muslims o$ =)yt an! akistan I was tol! ma!e another

)ran!"strate)ic !ecision' to make 3$rica a Muslim ontinent an! a$ter suitable e!ucational an!

strate)ic rearations.B 3t the time when I was in$orme! o$ these matters I was assistin) the

mission o$ our strate)ic"min!e! entral -reaty Cr)ani@ation ?=5-CB which was

hea!/uartere! in 3nkara -urkey. In 19 =5-C ha! then only three $ormal members )ien

the earlier with!rawal o$ Ira/ $rom its $ormer strate)ic articiation namely' -urkey the Shah<s

Iran an! akistan ?both &est an! =ast akistan since it was be$ore their own ciil war an! the

achiee! in!een!ence o$ an)la!eshB. -he Enite! States an! *reat ritain were not $ormal

members o$ =5-C but only a!isors or consultants in the Southern"-ier Strate)y to hel

contain the Soiet Enion alon) its $ractious southern bor!ers. Howeer to the !e!icate!

Mohamme!ans in this or)ani@ation the line $rom *ibraltar to >la!iostok ha! a !eeer reli)ious

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meanin). -he later cultural reli)ious an! military history o$ this re)ion "" to inclu!e the lar)ely

Muslim entral 3sian Reublics "" will )ie $urther resonance to what was only imlicit an!

incubatin) back in 19"19#. It was only some twele years later on hristmas Day o$ 19#9 ""

a$ter the Shah ha! alrea!y been oerthrown by 8homeini an! the other Reolutionary Shi<ites F

that Soiet Secial Cerations :orces ?their Setsna@B lan!e! in 8abul to commence the Soiet

inasion o$ 3$)hanistan an! thereby alon) with some &estern ai! to incite a worl!wi!e

Muslim resistance a)ainst their 3theist =mire. -he e$$ects o$ that transnational Moslem

resistance an! military ictory are momentous with on)oin) conse/uences $or the Enite! States

)ran! " strate)ically not only now but rotracte!ly into the $ar $uture. 3n! this also inclu!es the

lon)"ran)e imlications $or the strate)ically locate! Iberian eninsula an! not only *ibraltar+

In 2001 a !istin)uishe! :rench olonel whom I ha! met at the E.S. 3rmy &ar olle)e

tol! me about another ma he ha! o$ten seen throu)hout his two years as a isitin) o$$icer in

Morocco at the Moroccan &ar olle)e. -his ma showe! that the Moroccans still consi!ere! as

TERRA IRREDENTA ?unre!eeme! an! still to be re"con/uere! lan!B the whole Iberian

eninsula an! arts o$ Southern :rance ?u to aroun! to oitiers where harles Martel in #G2

3.D. won his $amous ictory a)ainst the a!ancin) Mohamme!ans an! their Jewish atten!antsB.

olonel Jaure)uiberry also tol! me what I too ha! earlier hear! namely that seeral Moslems

he knows were rone to remin! him that there are not ery many miles o$ !istance between

oitiers :rance an! >ienna 3ustria "" two ron)s o$ the Mohamme!an a!ance in &estern

=uroe in #G2 3.D. an! 1G 3.D. How many hun!re! miles !o you think there are6 3n! now

the Moslems hae a )rowin) !emo)rahy an! romote multile mi)rations into =uroe. Cnly

nine miles o$ water searate *ibraltar $rom Morocco. 3n! Morocco "" esecially un!er 8in)

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Hassan "" was not een consi!ere! one o$ the (ra!ical, Mohamme!an countries. 3n! there are

still eole who beliee that -urkey is a thorou)hly seculari@e! mo!ern society with no real

Moslem content an! with no esti)es le$t o$ their (Cttoman Imerial onsciousness., I$ we

beliee that we will beliee anythin).

=en when I was almost $orty years a)o liin) in -urkey the -urkish colonels an!

)enerals with whom I worke! o$ten rou!ly tol! me that (&e -urks rule! Jerusalem $or AA0

years+, "" the Sel7uk an! the Cttoman -urks. It was also then that I learne! that -urkey was the

thir! country to reco)ni@e the ionist State o$ Israel a$ter the Soiet Enion an! the Enite!

States.

ack between the years 19"19# an! 2001 when I soke to olonel Jaure)uiberry I

was awakene! to somethin) een more soberin) howeer an! with )raer imlications $or the

atholic :aith an! $or the culture that this :aith has $ecun!ate! an! enroote! an! $ostere! $orth.

I seak o$ the eents o$ 1992 "" A00 years a$ter the hristian Re"Recon/uista o$ 2 January 1492

which was $ollowe! by the e%ulsion o$ the Jews on 2 3u)ust an! the settin) sail o$ olumbus

on his $irst oya)e to the 5ew &orl! the ery ne%t !ay G 3u)ust 1492.

Durin) that A00th 3nniersary year o$ 1992 "" a$ter the $ormal !issolution o$ the Soiet

Enion "" there was an astonishin)ly concerte! e$$ort o$ harsh an! men!acious roa)an!a (-o

En!o 1492+, -he Mohamme!ans the Jews an! the Reolutionary In!i)enists an! Socialists

an! De$en!ers o$ the re"olomban 3@tec =mire all e$$ectiely shoute! (En!o 1492+,

-here was so much ressure on oe John aul II aarently that he consente! to

susen! or een more in!e$initely to cancel the on)oin) anoni@ation rocess o$ ;ueen

Isabella o$ Sain whom &illiam -homas &alsh calle! (the ast rusa!er.,

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I$ one stes back to consi!er this (three"ron)e!, attack to (En!o 1492+, one may

su!!enly reali@e that the common )ran!"strate)ic ?not 7ust military"strate)icB tar)et is the

atholic hurch both the suernatural $aith itsel$ an! the intimate culture an! lar)er hristian

ciili@ation that $lows $rom that :aith. -he :aith is not re!ucible to culture but the :aith always

ro!uce! culture "" arie)ate! cultures that are roote! an! marke! by slow $ruit$ulness an!

hence always ulnerable an! at risk an! in nee! o$ a loin) !e$ense. -he Incarnation o$

hristian hialry always essentially says' the more !e$enseless someone is the more that one

calls out $or our !e$ense. So too with the urity an! inte)rity o$ the :aith an! with the recious

but recarious culture which the :aith has so ariously ro!uce!.

How then shoul! we consi!er the roer atholic strate)ic resonse to the battle cry

(En!o 1492+,6 I$ someone is at war with you een i$ you !o not know it you are at war.

Reality is that which !oes not )o away een when you sto thinkin) about it.

En!er the current con!itions o$ !isor!er within an! outsi!e the hurch esecially what

is the atholic strate)ic resonse to e$$orts to un!o the con/uest o$ the Moslems to un!o the

e%ulsion o$ the Jews an! to un!o the urorte! ill"e$$ects o$ olumbus< missionary 7ourneys to

the 5ew &orl!6

-he $irst thin) that the in$orme! atholic strate)ist must !o is hae a true an! roerly

roortione! un!erstan!in) o$ the ast an! the )rae issues that le! u to the $inal !ecisions an!

imlementin) eents o$ 1492. -he $irst car!inal irtue "" the irtue o$ ru!ence "" is certainly the

strate)ist<s irtue ar e%cellence in the ractical or!er "" or in the realm o$ ractical wis!om ""

the (recta ratio a)ibilium, whereby knowle!)e o$ reality is conerte! into the reali@ation o$ the

)oo! esecially the bonum commune the common )oo!. 3n! one o$ the re/uirements o$

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ru!entia is a memoria $i!elis namely (a memory $aith$ul to the truth o$ the ast., -o see thin)s

as they truly were in roer roortion an! in the seci$ic comosition o$ the concrete conte%t o$

the real li$e an! besettin) actualities o$ the time "" that is art o$ the !isciline o$ true ru!ence+

-he threats that ;ueen Isabel ha! to !eal with $or the thirty years she rule! ?14#4"1A04B

are still with us to!ay an! erhas een ma)ni$ie! "" an! so we will be hele! by the stu!y o$

history.

I$ we un!erstan! better the conte%t o$ her time an! the !ecisie issues an! eents that

shae! her ru!ential an! strate)ic resonses we may better )ras what is re/uire! o$ us ami!st

a )rowin) international Muslim insur)ency ?not 7ust (terrorism,B an! ami!st the !e$t olitical

action o$ Jewish $orces an! their subersie reli)ious actions too. 3n! there are other

urootin) reolutionary !eeloments which we may also $ittin)ly come to consi!er inso$ar as

they are enemies o$ the atholic :aith an! the atholic hurch in the $ull an! un!ilute! meanin)

o$ those two substantie hrases "" without any amorhousness or ambi)uity or e/uiocation.

Resistin) an alien intrusion uon the atholic 8in)shi o$ :rance Joan o$ 3rc was

burne! at the stake in 14G1 only twenty years be$ore Isabel o$ Sain was born "" on 22 3ril

14A1. 3n! two years a$ter her birth "" in the momentous year o$ 14AG 3.D. "" the Mohamme!ans

con/uere! onstantinole an! soon threatene! &estern =uroe as well "" an! mi)htily

encoura)e! the resilience o$ the Moslems ?an! their Jewish alliesB in Sain. *ien what Isabel

later !i! as ;ueen "" to oose the alien resence o$ the Moslems an! the much more insi!ious

Jewish er$i!ians F she hersel$ in many ways is (the Joan o$ 3rc, o$ Sain. 3n! erhas

some !ay she will be known as Saint Isabel a$ter her own lon)"belate! canoni@ation as was also

the case with Saint Joan hersel$. Moreoer in li)ht o$ what Isabel !i! to suort an!

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commission the isionary olumbus she is also in the reerent wor!s o$ &illiam -homas

&alsh (-he *o!mother o$ 3merica.,1

&illiam -homas &alsh hels us see what it was like in astile Sain in the mi!"$i$teenth

century when Isabel was a youn) woman o$ eleen an! be$ore she became ;ueen at twenty"

three years o$ a)e in 14#4. &alsh is !escribin) the rei)n o$ 8in) =nri/ue I> the hal$"brother o$

Isabel which be)an in 14A4. ater also calle! =l Imotente the kin) was also wi!ely known as

(=nri/ue the iberal,'

=nri/ue the iberal was $ar $rom ortho!o% in his oinions an!

con!uct. His chosen comanions were Moors Jews an! hristianrene)a!es in!ee! any man who ri!icule! the hristian reli)ion

was sure o$ at least a smile $rom his Ma7esty i$ not a ension. Cne

o$ the $aorite !aily astimes at the kin)<s table was the inentiono$ new an! ori)inal blashemies obscene 7okes were ma!e about

the lesse! >ir)in an! the Saints. -he kin) atten!e! Mass but

neer con$esse! or receie! ommunion. I$ his la%ity lease! the

enemies o$ the hurch it o$$en!e! the mass o$ eole who were re!ominantly atholic. 3 etition a!!resse! to =nri/ue a $ew

years later by the hie$ hristian nobles an! relates sai!' (It is

esecially notorious that there are in your court an! in your alacean! about your erson in!ii!uals who are in$i!els enemies o$ our

holy atholic $aith an! others hristians in name only but o$

ery /uestionable $aith articularly those who beliee an! say an!a$$irm that there is no other worl! but to be born an! !ie like beasts

an! there are continually blashemous eole an!

rene)a!es...whom your or!shi has e%alte! to hi)h honors an!!i)nities in your realms.,2

3$ter this soberin) icture o$ anarchy an! moral turitu!e &alsh ii!ly )ies us a

lar)er icture o$ the a)e wherein ;ueen Isabel<s li$e o$ irtue ha! to )row'

1&illiam -homas &alsh Isabella o$ Sain' -he ast rusa!er ?5ew Kork' RobertMcri!e an! omany 19G0B A1A a)es. -his beauti$ul an! ro$oun! an! luci!ly written book

shoul! be rea! by anyone who stu!ies in or!er to learn the truth. Cn a)e %iii o$ his

:CR=&3RD ro$essor &alsh calls Isabel (3merica<s )o!mother.,

2Ibi!. . 12"1G " my emhasis a!!e!.

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In astile as in Italy a cycle o$ ciili@ation was en!e! an! the late

Mi!!le 3)es were !yin) in a miasma o$ leity cynicism !eraity.

It was in this ery year L142 that a new kin) in aris Louis NI ""

(the Si!er 8in), lucke! one Master :rancois >illon Lthe oet$rom the Sha!ow o$ the *ibbet. It was then that youn) *irolamo

Saonarola Lthe Dominican riest in :lorence be)an to thun!er re!ictions o$ the !estruction o$ Italy by an outra)e! *o!. Saintoo ha! $oun! eil as well as )oo! in the cu o$ the Renaissance.

Her con!ition was worse in many resects than that o$ Italy. -he

!emorali@ation that usually $ollows war ha! been ma)ni$ie! an!ma!e chronic by ei)hth centuries o$ almost continuous con$lict

stru))les between hristians an! Mohamme!ans between astile

an! ortu)al between astile an! 3ra)on. Human li$e was ery

chea. ontact with Moslems Las well as the Jews ro$oun!lymo!i$ie! the in$luence o$ the hristian hurch amon) the eole

oly)amy $or e%amle was not uncommon thou)h it usually took

the $orm o$ oen concubina)e. 3n! the Jews althou)h ossessorso$ a $ar nobler moral co!e than the Mohamme!ans acte!

eerywhere as a ower$ul !issolent...o$ the hristian $aith which

was the $oun!ation o$ the morality o$ the eole amon) whom theylie!. Many o$ the cler)y were !erae!. 3n! the ourt Lo$

=nri/ue I> was unseakably $oul. Isabel was !is)uste! by what

she saw an! hear! there. ut $or the resent her youth rotecte!

her.G

In een more trenchant wor!s ro$essor &alsh says'

ublic an! riate morality ha! neer been so low since

hristianity came into the lan!. -he stench o$ the court be)an to era!e the air o$ all Sain.4

5ow we may $urther areciate what the (un!oin) o$ 1492O mi)ht return us to+ (3

terrible thin) to think uon+, ?In the wor!s o$ :ather :rancois RabelaisB.

(In the slow resurrection o$ hristian Sain, an! (in a society that took it $or )rante! that

heresy was a sin worse than mur!er,A ;ueen Isabel was morally obli)ate! to suress the secret

GIbi!. . 2 F my emhasis a!!e!.

4Ibi!. . 14.

AIbi!. . 194 1G.

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Jews ?the insincere $alse !eceit$ully subersie onersos or (5ew hristiansB to con!uct a

ten"year rusa!e a)ainst the Mohamme!ans an! to use the In/uisition as a war measure a)ainst

the (strate)ic salient, the we!)e into &estern =uroe that the Moslems an! their anti"hristian

abettors ?:autors+B ha! ma!e. She ha! to $ace the roblem o$ hostile (e%terior lines, an!

treacherous (interior lines., ?-he Enite! States is also comin) to un!erstan! more about these

matters an! not only because o$ its (orous bor!ers, an! interior (cultural alkani@ation, or the

(sleeer cells, on the (Inner :ront, o$ its (Homelan! Security,B.

In 14A0 there were at least 200000 Jews in Sain an! G000000 (5ew hristians, or

onersos who were mockin)ly calle! (Marranos, by their $ellow ethnic Jews'

-he Jews o$ the syna)o)ue sometimes calle! them Marranos $rom

the Hebrew Maranatha (the or! is comin), in !erision o$ their belie$ or $ei)ne! belie$ in the !iinity o$ Jesus hrist. -he

onersos were assimilate! in a suer$icial sense $or many o$

them marrie! into the noblest $amilies in Sain en7oye! all the

riile)es o$ hristians an! ha! )ra!ually )athere! into their han!s most o$ the wealth the olitical ower an! een the control

o$ ta%ation but it was )enerally $elt that in a crisis they woul!

roe to be Jews at heart enemies o$ the hristian $aith an! alliesas in the ast o$ the hal$"oriental an! circumci@e! Moors.

In this conte%t let us consi!er the recent wor!s o$ an a))ressiely intelli)ent strate)ic

min! o$ Jewish ancestry who is also known as a rominent (5eo"onseratie, as !istinct $rom

a (5eo"hristian., In his book -he &ar 3)ainst the -error Masters Michael e!een bluntly

says the $ollowin) an! with re$reshin) can!or'

5othin) coul! be more encoura)in) to any thou)ht$ul Muslim than

a reersal o$ the catastrohic tren!s o$ the ast two or threecenturies. :or many centuries Muslim ciili@ation was the

)reatest in the worl! Lhina inclu!e!+. -he Muslims resere!

much o$ ancient *reek culture at a time when &estern =uroe ha!

Ibi!. . %iii $rom his :orewar! F my emhasis a!!e!.

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$allen into a catatonia that historians hae calle! the Dark 3)es.

-he Muslims outclasse! the hristians in most eery area o$

human en!eaor. -hey were more ower$ul more e!ucate! more

artistic than their hristian rials. 3n! they were more tolerantan! humane Lsic. It was $ar better $or minorities like the Jews to

lie un!er Muslim rule than un!er hristian he)emony.

#

I$ you were the one Ran)er woul! you rather hae e!een or -onto besi!e you in the

$inal battle a)ainst the circumambient In!ians6 &hat !o you mean (we, e!een6

In an een more can!i! book "" esecially in his rare an! reealin) hater A on

(5ationalistic Ju!aism, "" the $ormer hea! o$ Israeli Military Intelli)ence Kehosha$at Harkabi

says'

In 5achmani!es<s ?1194"12#0B commentary on Maimoni!es<s

?11GA"1204B ook o$ omman!ments' (&e are comman!e! toinherit the lan! Li.e. (=ret@ Kisreal, "" the *reater Israel that *o!

)ae to 3braham Isaac an! Jacob an! must not leae it in the

han!s o$ any other nation .... &e must not leae the lan! in the

han!s o$ the Lseen anaanite nations or o$ any other eole inany )eneration.,

3lthou)h the learne! *eneral Harkabi stron)ly oose! the Kabotinsky"e)in ethos an!

the intransi)ent reli)ious $actions that root their iews in the rinciles o$ the *reat Sa)e

Maimoni!es he use$ully /uotes him'

-he ma7or task that con$ronte! the Jews sa)es a$ter the !estruction

o$ the Secon! -emle Lby the Romans in #0 3.D. an! the

reression o$ the ar 8ochba Rebellion?1G2"1GA .=.B was to

)uarantee the surial o$ the Jewish eole Las !istinct $rom theori)inal Jewish $aith6 in a hostile milieu. 3s they saw it in or!er

to surie the Jews ha! to isolate themseles $rom their

#Michael 3. e!een -he &ar 3)ainst -he -error Masters' &hy It Haene! " &here&e 3re 5ow " How &e<ll &in ?5ew Kork' Saint Martin<s ress 2002B . 29"G0 "" my

emhasis a!!e!.

Kehosha$at Harkabi Israel<s :ate$ul Hour ?5ew Kork' Harer an! Row 19 "" reise!

an! u!ate! e!itionB . 144. hater A . 1A"194 shoul! be rea! ery care$ully.

K0223117.WPD; 1 10



surroun!in)s. -hey enacte! this intention in the H338H3 F the

bo!y o$ reli)ious laws !esi)ne! to enco!e a uni/ue an! bin!in)

li$estyle. Jewish uni/ueness !eely roote! in the Jewish reli)ious

consciousness now receie! recise e%ternal e%ression in all!etails o$ li$e as stiulate! in the -almu! the rincial reository

o$ Jewish laws. Maimoni!es summari@e!' (LJews shoul! not$ollow the customs o$ the *entiles ... as it has been sai!' P3n! yeshall not walk in the customs o$ the nations which I cast out be$ore

you< ?eiticus 20'2GB.9

Still seakin) o$ the in$luential Maimoni!es an! the (Seen 5oachi!e aws, Harkabi

continues'

Maimoni!es himsel$ is a ma7or source o$ the treatment o$ non"Jews

who hae been con/uere! an! come un!er Jewish rule... . (I$ theinhabitants make eace an! accet the Seen omman!ments

en7oine! uon the !escen!ants o$ 5oah none o$ them is slain but

they become tributary as is sai!' (-hey shall become tributaryunto thee an! shall sere thee, ?Deuteronomy 20'11B. ... -hey

must accet both terms o$ eace Li.e. (3)ree to ay the tribute

leie!, an! (to submit to seritu!e, "" . 1A2 ... ?Hilkhot

Melakhim hater '1B.10

Moreoer says Harkabi'

Maimoni!es summari@e! the laws on the treatment o$ i!olaters as

$ollows' (It is $orbi!!en to show them mercy as it is sai! Pnor show mercy unto them< ?Deuteronomy #'2B. Hence i$ one sees

one o$ them who worshis i!ols erishin) or !rownin) one is not

to sae him. ... Hence you learn that it is $orbi!!en to heali!olaters een $or a $ee. ut i$ one is a$rai! o$ them or arehen!s

that re$usal mi)ht cause ill will me!ical treatment may be )ien

$or a $ee but not )ratuitously. .... -he $ore)oin) rules aly to the

time when the eole o$ Israel lie e%ile! Las in Sain amon) thenations or when the *entiles< ower is re!ominant. ut when

Israel is re!ominant oer the nations o$ the worl! we are

$orbi!!en to ermit a )entile to !well amon) us. He must not enter our lan! een as a temorary resi!ent or een as a traeler

7ourneyin) with merchan!ise $rom lace to lace until he has

9Harkabi . 1G9"140 " my emhasis a!!e!.

10Ibi!. . 1A2 "" my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 11



un!ertaken to kee the seen recets which the 5oachi!es were

comman!e! to obsere Lhence tribute an! seritu!e. ?Hilkhot

3o!ah ara hater 10'B. Maimoni!es e%emte! the Muslims

$rom the cate)ory o$ i!olaters but the hristians by contrast weree%licitly inclu!e!. His un$aorable iew o$ the hristians was

in$luence! by his iew o$ the -rinity as incomatible with strictmonotheism .... His scorn $or hristians was ossibly alsoin$luence! by his Muslim milieu.11

Desite what Maimoni!es really beliees about hristians he has a more lenient an!

!i$$erent "" thou)h erhas more oortunistic an! arasitical "" iew than the mo!ern Michael

e!een. In *eneral Harkabi<s wor!s'

5onetheless Maimoni!es thou)ht Lin contrast to e!een that thecon!ition o$ Jews in Muslim countries was worse than that in

hristian countries. He wrote in his =istle to Kemen' (-he 3rabs

... asse! ain$ul an! !iscriminatory le)islation a)ainst us... 5eer !i! a nation molest !e)ra!e !ebase an! hate us as much as

they.,12

5ow we may better areciate what ;ueen Isabel was u a)ainst "" an! others too een

to!ay. She an! the C$$ice o$ the In/uisition (were !ealin) with an insi!ious an! intan)ible

slayer o$ souls who worke! by wor! o$ mouth instea! o$ by steel an! oison.,1G

-he Jewish =ncycloe!ia makes a si)ni$icant a!mission about the ori)inal early ei)hth

century Mohamme!an enetration an! con/uest o$ Sain' (It remains a $act that the Jews either

!irectly or throu)h their coreli)ionists in 3$rica encoura)e! the Mohamme!ans to con/uer

Sain.,14 3t the outset it was the hristian kin)!om o$ the >isi)othic monarchy that the 3rabs

an! erbers ina!e! !urin) the erio! #09"#11 3.D. but only a$ter (they were inite! by the

11Ibi!. . 1A# "" my emhasis a!!e!.

12Ibi!. . 1A.

1G&illiam -homas &alsh . 22G.

14-he Jewish =ncycloe!ia ?5ew Kork' :unk an! &a)nall 1904B >olume NI . 4A.

K0223117.WPD; 1 12



Sanish Jews to cross the nine"mile stri o$ water at *ibraltar.,1A

Moreoer says ro$essor &alsh'

In #09 the 3rab )eneral -arik le! an army o$ erbers Lwhom the

Mohamme!an 3rabs ha! recently (sub!ue! an! or)ani@e!, inwhich there were many 3$rican Jews. De$eatin) an! slayin) 8in)Ro!eri)o with the ai! o$ hristian traitors at the )reat battle o$

Jere@ !e la :rontera they carrie! !eath in all !irections throu)h the

LIberian eninsula. &hereer they went the Jews threw oen tothem the )ates o$ the rincial cities so that in an incre!ibly short

time the 3$ricans were masters o$ all Sain sae the little 8in)!om

o$ the 3sturias Lan! the heroic elayo at oa!on)a in the

northern mountains where the hristian suriors who wereunwillin) to accet Islam reassemble! Lin #22 3.D. an! reare!

to win back their herita)e.,1

In his ii! continuation o$ the historical narratie &alsh coneys the eents an!

imlications which are still o$ moment to man'

-he whole western culture o$ Rome was in 7eoar!y a secon! time

$rom the same enemy $or by strikin) coinci!ence it was the sameerber race that ha! $ollowe! Hannibal Lwho later $ace! Sciio

3$ricanus across the 3ls into Italy nearly a thousan! years

be$ore. -he $ate o$ all hristen!om hun) on the issue o$ a battle.-he )lorious ictory o$ harles Martel in #G2 sae! our culture

but Sain remaine! lost to hristen!om $or centuries. hristian

churches were turne! into Mos/ues ol! Roman cities were)ra!ually trans$orme! into the oriental leasure )roun!s o$ the

calihs. or!oba un!er the Cmmia! 3b! e% Rahman III in the

tenth century was more beauti$ul than a)h!a! an! ne%t toonstantinole the most ma)ni$icent city in =uroe.1#

In 14AG the Mohamme!ans con/uere! onstantinole an! continue! their marau!in)

an! cruelty in *reece an! in Italy. Cn 11 3u)ust 140 they con/uere! Ctranto in Southern Italy

an! ut some 12000 o$ the total o$ 22000 inhabitants to !eath ery cruelly een women an!

1A&illiam -homas &alsh . %i F $rom his :orewar! to Isabella o$ Sain.

1Ibi!. . %i F my emhasis a!!e!.

1#Ibi!. . %i"%ii F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 1G



chil!ren. In the wor!s o$ &illiam -homas &alsh'

C$ the 22000 inhabitants the barbarians Li.e. Mohamme! II an!

his -urks boun! 12000 with roes an! ut them to !eath thushelless with terrible tortures. -hey slew all the riests in the city.

-hey sawe! in two the a)e! 3rchbisho o$ Ctranto whom they$oun! rayin) be$ore the altar. Cn a hill outsi!e the city nowknown as Martyrs< Hill they butchere! many caties who re$use!

to become Mohamme!ans an! threw their corses to the !o)s.1

3n! what we may well consi!er were the conse/uences o$ this Mohamme!an a!ance

$or Sain an! $or the Jews in Sain who were always susecte! in li)ht o$ their history o$ bein)

an actual or otential (:i$th olumn, with (interior lines, on the (inner $ront, o$ Sain6+

In &alsh<s $ine an! $air analysis'

3s the story o$ Ctranto became )enerally known the anic thatastile an! 3ra)on share! with Italy srea! to eery corner o$ the

eninsula. Men were askin) what woul! become o$ the hristian

kin)!oms i$ the -urks came $rom the east an! the Moors o$

*rana!a their coreli)ionists took the o$$ensie in the southa)ainst 3n!alusia6 In such a case the situation o$ astile woul! be

erilous. ut with secret enemies within her )ates allie! with the

terrible $oe her li)ht woul! be hoeless. In wartime eery nationconsi!ers unity the in!isensable con!ition o$ sel$"reseration.

-he !oom o$ the onersos L(the 5ew hristians, as a nation

within the nation was seale! with the lan!in) o$ the -urks in Italy.Ctranto $ell 3u)ust 11. -he news reache! Sain some time in

Setember. Isabel ha! lon) been keein) in resere the aal bull

o$ 5oember 1 14# authori@in) her to establish the In/uisition inher kin)!oms. Cn Setember 2 140 she issue! the or!er that

ma!e it e$$ectie. ... Lan! marke! the be)innin) o$ the last chater

in the slow resurrection o$ hristian Sain an! o$ a new an! sa!

one in the weary annals o$ the chil!ren o$ Israel.19

&e shall better un!erstan! the assionate Jewish !esire to (un!o 1492, i$ we consi!er

their status an! immunities an! riile)e! ower in hristian Sain'

1&illiam -homas &alsh . 192.

19&illiam -homas &alsh . 19G"194 F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 14



In Me!ieal Sain the Jews came nearer to buil!in) a 5ew

Jerusalem than at any time or lace since their !isersion a$ter the

ruci$i%ion Las o$ 19G0 at least an! een in comarison with the

later (ara!isus Ju!aeorum, in olan!. Ha! they succee!e! F an!seeral times they came erilously near success F they mi)ht

conceiably hae mana)e! with Mohamme!an ai! to !estroy thehristian ciili@ation o$ =uroe. -heir ultimate $ailure was cause!chie$ly by the li$e work o$ Isabel.20

ecause the Sanish Jews earlier ha! eerywhere oene! the )ates o$ the cities to the

Mohamme!an con/uerors an! their atten!ant 3$rican Jews (the Moslems rewar!e! them by

turnin) oer to them the )oernment o$ *rana!a Seille an! or!oba.,21

Moreoer says &alsh'

In the new Moslem state the Jews $oun! themseles hi)hlyesteeme!. It was un!er the calihs that they attaine! the hei)ht o$

their roserity. ... In *rana!a the Jews became so numerous that

it was calle! (the city o$ the Jews., ut the Saracens ersecute!them at times. Cn December G0 10 the Moslems o$ *rana!a

in$uriate! by their e%loitations arose a)ainst them an! slew

4000. Cne o$ the calihs e%elle! all Jews $rom *rana!a.22

Some si%ty years a$ter Saint :ernan!o re"con/uere! Seille in 1224 (the total Jewish

oulation Lin astile may well hae been $rom $our to $ie million F an! this leaes out o$

account lar)e communities in 3ra)on an! other sections., 2G Since there were robably 2A"G0

million eole in all o$ the Sanish 8in)!oms at the time (robably a $i$th or een a $ourth

were Jews F a lar)e minority "" an! they ossesse! an in$luence out o$ roortion to their

20&illiam -homas &alsh . 19A. ro$essor &alsh<s imortant hater NI> $rom

which this /uote comes shoul! be rea! an! saore! in its entirety.

21Ibi!. . 19A.

22Ibi!. . 19.

2GIbi!. . 19#.

K0223117.WPD; 1 1A



numbers.,24 :or e%amle says &alsh'

-hey became so ower$ul that the laws a)ainst blashemy coul!

not be en$orce!. It was so lain that they were aboe the law thatthe athari o$ eon use! to circumci@e themseles that they may

$reely teach as Jews the heresy $or which they woul! be unishe!as hristians.2A

-he situation was such that een in the $i$teenth century shortly be$ore Isabel<s rei)n it

was true that'

on$i!ent an! secure the Jews lie! with all the orientalostentation o$ which their lu%urious nature is caable. -hey took

no articular ains to conceal their contemt $or the lesser bree!s

without the law who ai! them tribute.

2

LRemember Maimoni!es+

Howeer (the Jewish oulation in Isabel<s time ha! shrunk $rom some A000000 or

more to about 200000.2# -wo an! a hal$ million at least ha! become (5ew hristians,

?onersosB an! some were sincere but (more o$ them were actiate! by $ear un!er

ersecution or by moties o$ sel$"interest, an! accor!in) to a Jewish scholar Dr. Meyer

8ayserlin)'

-heir conersion was howeer only e%ternal or $ei)ne! at heart

they a!here! loyally to their ancestral reli)ion. -hou)h outwar!ly

hristians they secretly obsere! the tenets o$ the Jewish $aith.2

24Ibi!.

2AIbi!. F my emhasis a!!e!.

2Ibi!. . 19 F my emhasis a!!e!.

2#Ibi!. . 200.

2Ibi!. . 200 F &alsh )ies the seci$ic citation as well $or 8ayserlin)<s can!i!

commentary.

K0223117.WPD; 1 1



-hat is to say !eceit was erasie F an! roocatie "" $urther e%acerbate! by Jewish

con!escension an! contemt. 3n! on to o$ that

&hat cannot be /uestione! howeer is that onersos an! their

kin eerywhere controlle! business )oernment ta%ation all thatwas aluable 7ust as their ancestors ha! as Jews. ... :or asonersos the Jews were now caable o$ !oin) )reater in7ury to

hristianity throu)h their in$luence uon the (Cl! hristians, with

whom they min)le!.29

-he ori)inal !ay $or the e%ulsion an! !earture o$ the Sanish Jews was 1 July 1492

an! they ma!e their care$ul an! resource$ul rearations those who !ecline! to be bati@e!.

3bout this new Diasora &illiam -homas &alsh writes ery comassionately F an! moin)ly F

because it is a ($orce! !isersion,'

&hen the aointe! !ay aroache! F the time ha! been e%ten!e!

by the 8in) an! ;ueen to 3u)ust 2 Lone !ay be$ore olumbus

!earte! on his $irst oya)e to 3merica F the Israelites cause! all

the boys an! )irls oer twele years o$ a)e to marry so that each)irl mi)ht )o un!er the rotection o$ a husban!. 3n! so (uttin)

all their )lory behin! them an! con$i!in) in the ain hoe o$ their

blin!ness, wrote the curate o$ os alacios Lernal!e@ (they)ae themseles oer to the traail an! went $orth $rom the lan!s

o$ their birth. ... 3n! there was no hristian who !i! not )riee $or

them. =erywhere the eole inite! them to be bati@e!...but therabbis encoura)e! them an! cause! the women an! boys to sin)

an! lay tambourines an! timbrels to make the eole merry.,G0

-his is certainly not the way the Israelis F when they now hae a state an! rotecte!

ower F treat their hristian an! Muslim alestinians. -he Israelis hae shown no such

comassion or suort when they hae !eci!e! uon their own $orce! e%ulsions o$

(minorities, a$ter the rearatory actions o$ contemt an! intimi!ation an! terror+ 3s always

29Ibi!.

G0&illiam -homas &alsh . G9"G#0 F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 1#



contrast clari$ies the min!.

&alsh continues his moin) narratie by $irst /uotin) :ather ernal!e@ a)ain'

3t last they L(who were to embark $rom uerto !e Santa Maria an!

a!i@, set sail in 2A shis but ha! to bribe the irate :ra)osa with10000 !ucats "" ei!ently they ha! $oun! some way to !e$eat theroyal or!er concernin) money F to let them sail $or arta)ena

Linsi!e *ibraltar on the Me!iterranean Seacoast o$ Murcia Sain F

to the northeast o$ a!i@. Some howeer returne! to astile an!were bati@e!. ut most went to 3rcilla an! thence to :e@ Lin

Morocco. Cthers rocee!e! to ortu)al. ... Some went to

5aarre Lin 5orthern Sain others stra))le! as $ar as the alkans.

... 3 lar)er )rou $inally settle! at Salonika Lin *reece an!$orme! there a colony which ersiste! until 1914 Lthe be)innin) o$

&orl! &ar! I when the members were comelle! to mi)rate an!

went to 5ew Kork.

G1

3ccor!in) to :ather ernal!e@ most o$ the e%iles (ha! sinister luck bein) robbe! an!

mur!ere! whereer they went, an! &alsh himsel$ then amli$ies uon this !ark !esolation

which also containe! an irony'

-he most terrible su$$erin)s o$ the wan!erers were in$licte! by the

lust an! cruelty o$ the Moors on those who saile! $rom *ibraltar tothe 8in)!om o$ :e@. -he Jews ha! once been ery ower$ul in

that 8in)!om La recurrent attern an! one o$ them a man name!

3aron (so en7oye! the rotection o$ the 8in) o$ :e@, sai!ernal!e@ (that he con!ucte! himsel$ an! )ae or!ers in the

kin)!om as he lease! an! the Moors were ery an)ry an! ma!e

a riot a)ainst the 8in) an! the Jews an! kille! the 8in) an! 3aronan! then went into the Jewries in which there were oer 2000

househol!s in the city an! ut them ?the JewsB to the swor! an!

kille! an! lun!ere! an! le$t only those who sai! they woul! be

Moors, ... but (many o$ the Jews remaine! secret Jews as in Sain be$ore the In/uisition. ... 3n! (the Jews $earin) to be kille!

became Moors but remaine! secretly Jews., -hus in

Mohamme!an :e@ the story o$ the Jews arallels that o$ their brothers in Sain. Cn this occasion the Lnew 8in) o$ :e@ o$$ere!

to rotect the Jews an! allowe! them to hire ban!s o$ Moorish

sol!iers $or the urose but he secretly )ae or!ers to the men to

G1Ibi!. . G#0.

K0223117.WPD; 1 1



rob them on the roa!. Hain) sei@e! all the roerty o$ the e%iles

the Mussulmans iolate! the women an! )irls un!er the ery eyes

o$ their husban!s $athers an! brothers an! slew any o$ the men

who !are! to rotest. =i!ently these barbarians too ha! hear!the tale wi!ely circulate! that the Jewish women ha! swallowe!

)ol! $or a$ter !ishonorin) them they rie! their bellies withscimitars to search $or the !ucats.G2

Such will be the $urther $ruits o$ the camai)n (to un!o 1492, i$ it is success$ul. -hen

we will $urther taste the combine! cultures o$ cruelty an! !eceit an! their common materialist

su$$ocation o$ li$e an! mercy an! sel$less loe.

y way o$ roun!in) out the icture &alsh says that

Some o$ the suriors sta))ere! on till they reache! :e@ nake!

starin) an! swarmin) with ermin. Cthers returne! to 3rcilla Lin

hristian Sain an! be))e! the ount o$ ora the Sanish)oernor (to hae them bati@e! $or the loe o$ Jesus hrist in

whom they beliee! an! to let them return to Sain., He receie!

them with much kin!ness $e! an! clothe! them an! ha! them

bati@e!. So many were bati@e! that the riests ha! to srinklethem with a hysso in )rous. Durin) the ne%t three years ban!s

o$ them continue! to stra))le back to Sain conince! that their

su$$erin)s were a unishment $or their re7ection o$ hrist. ... 3(ery acute, rabbi name! entollo one o$ ten or twele rabbis that

L:ather ernal!e@ bati@e! tol! them that in astile there were

more than G0000 Jewish househol!s an! in 3ra)on 000 F makin) a total o$ more than 10000 ersons.GG

-here$ore een the concet (the e%ulsion o$ the Jews, must be thou)ht throu)h more

care$ully esecially because ;ueen Isabel an! 8in) :er!inan! only ha! authority oer astile

an! 3ra)on which is har!ly the whole o$ mo!ern Sain much less the whole o$ the Iberian

eninsula.

Many o$ the e%elle! Jews in $act went to ortu)al where they were better able to make

G2Ibi!. . G#0"G#1 F my emhasis a!!e!.

GGIbi!. . G#1 F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 19



connections with =n)lan! an! other countries who later became enemies o$ Sain esecially

a$ter the rotestant Reolt be)an.

3t a ery ulnerable strate)ic moment in Sain F in the si%teenth an! seenteenth

centuries F the e%elle! Jews an! their symathetic coreli)ionists were able to )ie much

imortant strate)ic intelli)ence to the enemies o$ atholic Sain an! thereby also e%act at least

in art their terrible reen)e.

Durin) some Moorish urisin)s in con/uere! *rana!a !urin) the years 1A00"1A01 (the

Moors mur!ere! hristian riests an! sol! hristian women as slaes in 3$rica,G4 acts o$ cruelty

an! barbarity which rooke! swi$t an! stern reression $rom 8in) :er!inan! an! ;ueen Isabel.

&ith suort $rom ar!inal Nimenes !e isneros the resecte! hea! o$ the Sanish In/uisition

the rulin) coule (in$orme! them Lthe Moors that they mi)ht hae their choice between e%ile to

3$rica an! batism.,GA

It is si)ni$icant moreoer that

Most o$ them chose batism. -hus came into e%istence Lanalo)ousto the Jewish C5>=RSCS that class o$ unwillin) hristians

known as MCRISCS o$ whom hal$ a million were $inally

e%elle! un!er hili III in 109... Lbecause in $act $ew o$ theMoors le$t the country in 1A01 Lwhen they were )ien the

chance.G

-here were arious causes o$ the olitical an! economic !ecline o$ Sain !urin) the

si%teenth an! seenteenth centuries but one cause in articular which is )ermane to our theme

is o$ten enou)h oerlooke! erhas because it is too sensitie an! e%losie.

G4Ibi!. . 44 F my emhasis a!!e!.

GAIbi!.

GIbi!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 20



Cnce a)ain in the wise an! measure! an! well"researche! wor!s o$ &alsh we may learn

many imortant truths F truths which will not only illuminate our current strate)ic an! olitical

conte%t but also the !eeer (lack e)en!, about Sain an! the een !eeer assion (to un!o

1492., &illiam -homas &alsh says'

-here aears to be one more cause Lo$ the olitical an! economic

!ecline o$ Sain which $or some mysterious reason has been asse! oer in comlete silence by all our historians Las o$ 19G0.

(-here can be no !oubt says the Jewish =ncycloe!iaG# (that the

!ecline o$ Sanish commerce in the seenteenth century was !ue

in lar)e measure to the actiities o$ the M3RR35CS Lnote wellthe !ereciatie an! !erisie wor! they use $or the

C5>=RSCS+ o$ Hollan! Italy L>enice esecially+ an!

=n)lan! who !ierte! tra!e $rom Sain. ... &hen Sain was atwar with any o$ these countries Lesecially with the rotestant

countries Jewish interme!iation was utili@e! to obtain knowle!)e

o$ Sanish naal actiity Li.e. tactical an! strate)ical intelli)enceabout the enemy.,G

&hat is more &alsh )oes on to say'

It aears $rom the same source Lthe authoritatie 1904 Jewish

=ncycloe!ia that the Sanish C5>=RSCS who settle! inon!on ac/uire! within a century an almost comlete monooly o$

=n)lish tra!e with the LMohamme!an eant the In!ies ra@il

an! esecially with the 5etherlan!s Sain an! ortu)al. (-heyLthe Sanish onersos $orme! an imortant link in the network

o$ tra!e srea! esecially throu)hout the Sanish an! ortu)uese

worl! by the M3RR35CS or Secret Jews. -heir osition enable!them to )ie LClier romwell an! his secretary -hurloe

imortant in$ormation as to the lans o$ harles Stuart in Hollan!

an! o$ the Saniar!s in the 5ew &orl!. Cutwar!ly Lan!

!eceit$ully they asse! as Saniar!s an! atholics but they hel! rayer meetin)s at ree hurch ane an! became known to the

Lalinist Ju!ai@in) )oernment as Jews by $aith.,G9

G#-he Jewish =ncycloe!ia ?5ew Kork' :unk an! &a)nal 1904B >olume NI . A01.

G&illiam -homas &alsh . 4 F my emhasis a!!e!.

G9Ibi!. F my emhasis a!!e!. &alsh is /uotin) $rom the 1904 Jewish =ncycloe!ia

K0223117.WPD; 1 21



Sain clearly ha! a ery serious counter"intelli)ence roblem an! ha! to !eal somehow

with subersie networks o$ resent$ul ethnics who still ha! suerior (interior lines, on the

ulnerable (inner $ront, o$ Sain. &hat :ranco later calle! a (:i$th olumn, was also a

$ormi!able ower to ai! atholic Sain<s enemies who were still ery strate)ically locate!

!esite the suose! lar)e"scale e%ulsion o$ the Jews.

;uotin) some other $rank Jewish scholars ro$essor &alsh has a $urther"reealin)

e%ten!e! $ootnote'

(L3nti"atholic alinist Clier romwell was by no meansunac/uainte! with the resources an! wi!e actiities o$ the rich

Sehar!i Jews o$ the ontinent, says 3lbert M. Hyamson in his

History o$ the Jews in =n)lan! . 1#. (-he Sanish an!ortu)uese tra!e Lan! economic intelli)ence network6 was in their

han!s the eant tra!e also to a consi!erable e%tent. Jews hele!

to $oun! the Hambur) ank Lone o$ the main cities o$ the

Hanseatic ea)ue an! were closely connecte! with the Dutch=ast an! &est In!ian omanies. 3s bullion merchants also

Jews were rominent an! in a!!ition many o$ them owne! $leets

o$ merchantmen. -he secon! reason $or romwell<s $aor was the)reat assistance these cryto"Jews o$ on!on an! their a)ents on

the ontinent were to the Lre)ici!e )oernment o$ the LJu!ai@in)

5eo"Messianic ommonwealth. 3n! when emloyin) them onsecret serice he was aware o$ their true $aith.,40

ecause the remain!er o$ this e%ten!e! $ootnote is so imortant an! nuance! an! $ull o$

imlication I roose to continue /uotin) it to the shockin) en! an! then comment. &alsh

himsel$ be$ore /uotin) others says'

ara7al a secret Jew who went to =n)lan! as ortu)ueseambassa!or was enormously wealthy an! lace! a whole army o$

continental a)ents an! sies at the !isosal o$ romwell Lerhas

>olume > . 1.

40Ibi!. A0G"A04 F $ootnote number to hater NNNII F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 22



to ai! his cruelly unseakable Moor"like oerations in Irelan!6.

-he share o$ the Jews in romotin) the rotestant Re$ormation is

ointe! out by Rabbi ewis rowne in Stran)er than :iction .

24 et se/. uther he obseres stu!ie! Hebrew with Reuchlin a uil o$ Jewish scholars in Italy an! the Jews by their ery

resence in =uroe ... ha! hele! to brin) the heresy into bein).ut once it was born they let it seerely alone., rowne is ri)httoo in !iscernin) that iberalism is o$ Jewish ori)in. (It was little

won!er that the enemies o$ social ro)ress Lsic the monarchists

an! the hurchmen came to seak o$ the whole liberal moementLan! (reolutionary leaen, as nothin) but a Jewish lot, he says

on . G0A. I=R3ISM he a!!s (was the rotestant

Re$ormation in the worl! o$ olitics. ... Inci!entally howeer it

brou)ht comlete release at last to the Jew Lbut release $rom what6an! release $or what6., -he Jewish =ncycloe!ia recalls that

uther was sai! to be (a Jew at heart, an! that he remarke! on

one occasion (I$ I were a Jew I woul! rather be a ho) than ahristian.,41

uther<s isceral wor!s are all too characteristic an! $or us to think that (liberate!, F or

(release!, "" eole hae $oun!e! their new ($alse reli)ion, uon him is in!ee! in :rancois

Rabelais< wor!s o$ hi)h"sirite! anta)ruelism (a terrible thin) to think uon+,

Moreoer Rabbi ewis rowne<s insi)hts about the ori)ins an! nature o$ iberalism

woul! roi!e an esecially imortant can!i! comlement to James urnham<s own brilliant

analysis Suici!e o$ the &est 3n =ssay on the Meanin) an! Destiny o$ iberalism.42 Moreoer

urnham<s book o$ten calle! (the !e$initie analysis o$ the atholo)y o$ iberalism, has neer

I re)ret to say been seriously counter"ar)ue! or een reson!e! to must less re$ute!. 3n! his

analysis is een more ertinent to!ay than when it was $irst ublishe! in 194. :or it woul!

41Ibi!. . A04 F my emhasis a!!e!.

42James urnham Suici!e o$ the &est' 3n =ssay on the Meanin) an! Destiny o$

iberalism. ?5ew Rochelle 5ew Kork' 3rlin)ton House 194B. In 19#4 urnham an!3rlin)ton House re"issue! the book with a brilliant "a)e 3:-=R&CRD a!!e! ?. G1G"G20B

which was un$ortunately not inclu!e! in the re"issue! 19A =!ition o$ the book ublishe! by

Re)nery"*ateway in &ashin)ton D..

K0223117.WPD; 1 2G



seem that the remnants o$ the atholic &est are not ery much in resistence to this !issolent

(Ju!ai@in) iberalism., =en so"calle! (atholic onseratism, or (5eo"onseratism, now

aears to be only (the Ri)ht &in) o$ 5ational iberalism.,

In a small )rou some years a)o with Irin) 8ristol the $ormer -rotskyite an! (:ather o$

5eo"onseratism, who is himsel$ o$ Jewish ancestry an! an a!mirer o$ James urnham sai!'

(urnham<s Suici!e o$ the &est is a classic. ut no one seaks o$ it any more., I then

encoura)e! him to hel brin) the book back into rominent ublic !iscourse $or he was ?isB

in$luential enou)h to !o it. 3s $ar as I know howeer that neer came to ass.

urnham himsel$ like &illiam -homas &alsh ha! a !eely strate)ic min! an! coul!

take the lon) iew o$ history an! o$ the leaens an! !issolents o$ the Reolution. It woul!

seem that ha! urnham known o$ &alsh he woul! hae areciate! &alsh<s atholic

ersicacity an! can!or an! a$ter urnham returne! to his earlier"aban!one! atholic :aith he

woul! hae I think cherishe! ro$essor &alsh een more.

5ear the en! o$ his imortant hater NNNII &alsh says $or e%amle'

-here is a su))estion here L$rom the ei!ence o$ -he Jewish

=ncycloe!ia an! other $orthri)ht Jewish scholars o$ a $ascinatin)an! une%lore! chater o$ history in which the tra)ic $i)ure o$ the

wan!erin) Lan! reolutionary6 Jew !e$eate! in his attemt to

!estroy the atholic hurch an! buil! a 5ew Jerusalem on itsruins in me!ieal Sain is Llater but ery soon seen layin) a

lar)e art in brin)in) low the )reatest atholic nation in =uroe at

the Lseemin) moment o$ its $inal triumh an! trans$errin) the

!ominion o$ the seas an! o$ worl! olitics to the anti"atholic ower o$ mo!ern =n)lan!. It woul! be interestin) to know to what

e%tent they insti)ate! the reolt in the LSanish 5etherlan!s which

hili II L1A2#"1A9 who rule! 1AA"1A9 attemte! to suress by the In/uisition. -hat they ha! somethin) to !o with these

matters is hi)hly robable $or they suorte! alinism Las with

Clier romwell o$ =n)lan! an! John 8no% o$ Scotlan! an! other anti"atholic moements 7ust as they ha! suorte! the rimitie

heresies an! the Mohamme!anism o$ the Mi!!le 3)es. It is one o$

K0223117.WPD; 1 24



the curiosities o$ history that they ai! o$$ the score Lat least in

art o$ the Sanish In/uisition at the strate)ic moement when

Sain in site o$ all her henomenal owers o$ recueration ha!

e%hauste! hersel$ at last Lby way o$ centri$u)al oer"e%tensiontoo like a )oo! mother in the stuen!ous e$$ort to coloni@e an!

ciili@e Lan! hence conert by heroic missionary e$$orts ast ortions o$ the western hemishere.4G

-hat is to say the )ran!"strate)ic olitical an! $inancial action o$ Jewish $orces use! (the

Ju!o rincile, a)ainst the oer"e%ten!e! an! recariously balance! e%an!in) =mire o$

Sain an! alie! it ery !e$tly alon) with its ower o$ or)ani@ation an! roa)an!a $or

internal subersion an! its cumulatie (!ialectic o$ !issolution, F to inclu!e its action as a

ower$ul !issolent o$ the :aith by way o$ suort )ien to the syncreti@in) an! Ju!ai@in)

heresies an! other (Re$orm Moements.,

3$ter consi!erin) this Ju!aic $actor as well as the Moslem $actor the thir! an! last

element that was esecially keen (to un!o 1492O !urin) the A00 th 3nniersary o$ 1492 was

reresente! by the 19G 5obel aureate in literature *abriel *arcia Mar/ue@ himsel$ a

reolutionary socialist an! ersonal $rien! o$ :i!el astro an! a ery anti"atholic saboteur as

well F but ery subtly so+ He o$ten e%resses the iew that it woul! be ro)ress to return to re"

olomban 3merica. 3n! he has been known well $or his !e$ense o$ the 3@tec =mire an!

iili@ation which he $aorably contrasts with &estern ?esecially SanishB hristen!om.

*arcia Mar/ue@ woul! certainly hae oose! that youn) hristian sol!ier $rom Salamanca

Eniersity Hernan!o ortes by name (who was to carry the Stan!ar! o$ astile an! 3ra)on to

the bloo!"!renche! altars o$ Me%ico where L3@tec riests lucke! out the hearts o$ mai!ens to

aease an i!ol.,44 -hat is to say to aease the hallic (lume! serent, )o! o$ the 3@tecs

4G&illiam -homas &alsh . 4"4# "" my emhasis a!!e!.

44Ibi!. . 4G F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 2A



calle! (;E=-3C3-.,

y way o$ comletin) this analysis o$ the three main streams o$ anti"atholic belie$ an!

thou)ht an! culture that hae $erently sou)ht F an! still seek F (to un!o 1492, it is $ittin) to

turn to the !eely $aith$ul 3r)entine Roman atholic ro$essor o$ literature 3lberto oi%a!os.

His book in Sanish 3rte y Subersion ?3rt an! SubersionB was later e%an!e! an! mo!i$ie!

$or a 5orth 3merican au!ience an! ublishe! in =n)lish un!er the title Myths o$ Mo!ern 3rt.4A

ro$essor oi%a!os o$ the Eniersity o$ or!oba in 3r)entina knows ery well about the

$irst two (hostile reli)ions, who woul! (un!o 1492+, but he also un!erstan!s the more mo!ern

(cultural channels o$ subersion, an! (reolutionary naturalism, as in the strate)ic hilosohy

o$ 3ntonio *ramsci an! esecially in the subtle literature o$ *abriel *arcia Mar/ue@ whose

ower$ul writin)s shoul! not be )ien li)htly to those who are insu$$iciently reare! to !eal

with the ower$ul subersie resources o$ lan)ua)e an! his ways o$ usin) (symbolic

subersion.,

et 3lberto oi%a!os be our )ui!e.

;uotin) *arcia Mar/ue@<s own roocatie accetance seech $or the 5obel ri@e he

says'

(&hy is it that the ori)inality we L(we writers, are ermitte!without reseration in literature is !enie! Lby whom6 with such

mistrust when alyin) it to social chan)e6, 5eertheless two

books ublishe! by *arcia Mar/ue@ are si)ni$icant $or $ocusin) on

a ne)atie SIRI-E3 C5>=RSIC5 Loi%a!os< ownemhasis linke! with a ra!ical social chan)e.4

4A?anham Marylan!' Eniersity ress o$ 3merica 1991B.

43lberto oi%a!os Myths o$ Mo!ern 3rt . 4G F my emhasis a!!e! e%cet as

!esi)nate! aboe.

K0223117.WPD; 1 2



-he two books re$erre! to are *arcia Mar/ue@<s Cne Hun!re! Kears o$ Solitu!e an! -he

3utumn o$ the atriarch.

In the $ormer (-he intention is mani$estly Pto create a new or!er< by a conscious

aro!yin) o$ the ible, alon) with (obscene an! blashemous insinuations, as in the !eiction

o$ a beauti$ul youn) woman o$ reute! urity but who incites the lusts o$ all o$ those men who

come in contact with her. In oi%a!os< eile! but shockin) wor!s'

:or e%amle in his Cne Hun!re! Kears (Reme!ios the eauty ...

was not o$ this worl!, because ($rom the time she was in her mother<s womb she was sa$e $rom conta)ion., Her (innocence, is

Lthen shown in her behaior' (-he startlin) thin) about her simle

instinct was that the more she she! $ashion Li.e. mo!esty an!mo!est !ress in search o$ com$ort an! the more she shunne!

conentions Li.e. moral limits an! !ecency to allow $or

sontaneity the more !isturbin) her incre!ible beauty became L$or others to others., -he (conentions, Lin the book are nothin)

more than a basic sense o$ !ecency an! his lon) !escritions o$

them are or ou)ht to be unrintable. -his (ure bein), arouses in

others the basest o$ instincts. ut the satire !oes not en! here'La$ter her !eath Reme!ios the eauty is (taken u to Heaen

bo!y an! soul., -he allusion coul! not be clearer nor more

!iabolic.4#

Cn this 1A0th 3nniersary o$ oe ius IN<s roclamation o$ the Do)ma o$ the

Immaculate oncetion $aith$ul atholics shoul! well shu!!er at these wor!s an! in loe

mi)htily resist such stainin) mockeries an! iconic or symbolic subersions. Cnly one who

!eely knows the :aith but !esises it can so subtly besmirch the teachin) an! intimate culture

o$ the :aith.

3s in a recent article I wrote about (the Ju!o rincile, an! (the Jewish Dialectic, as

they are now alie! F or soon will be alie! F in our on)oin) )ran!"strate)ic irre)ular war an!

4#Ibi!. . 44 F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 2#



hostile con$rontation with a renewe! Mohamme!an Insur)ency worl!wi!e not 7ust in the

Mi!!le =ast so too with the three$ol! or three"ron)e! cultural an! reli)ious attack uon the

atholic hurch an! its culture back in 1992 an! therea$ter !esi)ne! to (un!o 1492.,

-he Jewish an! Mohamme!an initiaties are much better known to us F or are becomin)

better known "" than the subtler subersions o$ the historic :aith by way o$ ima)inatie

literature.

In *arcia Mar/ue@<s (new worl!, o$ (Macon!o, says oi%a!os'

-here is no Re!emtion because Mar/ue@ true to the materialistic

an! cyclical iew o$ history !enies it' (I know all this by heart,

Ersula shoute!. (It<s as i$ time ha! turne! aroun! an! we were back at the be)innin)., In that (circle, so comletely oose! to

the hristian concet o$ time there is no lace $or hoe. Mar/ue@<

(worl!, has no meanin) no $inality an! thus he !estroys it'(Macon!o was alrea!y a $ear$ul whirlwin! o$ !ust an! rubble

bein) sun by the wrath o$ the biblical hurricane., -he only

ossible hainess $or man seems to be the unbri!le! aban!onment

o$ 3moranta Ersula an! 3ureliano abilonia. In this conte%t theLMar/ue@< raise o$ ice seems lo)ical an! is !e$ine! as

(maturity o$ 7u!)ment, Lien 3nos !e Sole!a! . 2GA. 5othin) is

le$t untouche!. 5ot een the literary $iel!. ... (iterature was the best toy eer inente! to make $un o$ eole., -hus in a worl!

without hoe an! Lob7ectie alues (the only thin) that works is

iolence., He min)les the owers o$ the laws o$ nature an! o$ thesir it an! !isin)enuously mu!!les u *oo! an! =il thus

be$u!!lin) our owers o$ reason Li.e. C*CS. 3n! he can !o

this Lsubersion by way o$ con$usion because he is able tocon/uer our a!miration throu)h his ibrant oetry an! the athos

o$ his humor.4

e$ore we conclu!e it is $ittin) to )o a little $urther into oi%a!os< e%cellent analysis an!

warnin) about *abriel *arcia Mar/ue@ $or to the e%tent that his mockin) sirit ermeates the

culture o$ the :aith that still e%ists in atin 3merica he will really hel (un!o 1492O an! (the

4Ibi!. . 4A F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 2



sirit o$ hristian chialry., oi%a!os rocee!s to consi!er the secon! o$ *arcia Mar/ue@< two

subersie noels'

I n -he 3utumn o$ the atriarch the author<s !arin) reaches new

limits an! )reater subtlety. -he noel has the ower o$ a ne)atieconersion in both the olitical an! the reli)ious sheres. Heleaes not a shre! o$ !i)nity to the military ro$ession innin) on

it eery conceiable kin! o$ !e)ra!ation. Mercilessly he !estroys

whateer nobility the military ro$ession mi)ht embo!y.49

Moreoer says oi%a!os

I$ the rea!er is a lukewarm Lhristian belieer ?o$ the urely

rational or sentimental sortB an! willin)ly lays Mar/ue@< Lcynical

)ames he will risk losin) his remainin) conictions. &hat thenis Mar/ue@< )ame6A0

-hat is to say how !oes *arcia Mar/ue@ use his otent literary art $or the uroses o$

subersion F the subersion o$ his strate)ic tar)et6 ro$essor oi%a!os continues'

I n Cne Hun!re! Kears o$ Solitu!e he ri!icules the Latholic

cler)y an! hierarchy throu)h their simlistic an! uerile

morali@in)s. 3n! he !oes so conincin)ly by mi%in) truth an!$alsehoo!. In -he 3utumn o$ the atriarch on the other han! the

ri!icule has become cruel satanic an! it !e)ra!es the entire

suernatural worl! Lhence the reality o$ *race. Mar/ue@ !oes this)race$ully an! with humor an! i$ the rea!er Lesecially the youn)

an! un$orme! rea!er is not imme!iately alerte! he loses the )ame

$rom the start.A1

&ritin) himsel$ as a ery well"e!ucate! an! !eout tra!itionalist Roman atholic

3lberto oi%a!os also knows how to rea! attentiely such multi"layere! richly allusie

49Ibi!. . 4A"4 F my emhasis a!!e!.

A0Ibi!. . 4 " my emhasis a!!e!.

A1Ibi!. F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 29



literature an! all o$ its rhetorical resource$ulness an! maniulation o$ illusion. -here$ore when

he says about Mar/ue@< otent art (ook out+, we too shoul! be i)ilant an! !isciline! an!

!iscernin). oi%a!os )oes on to seci$y his meanin)'

Ly the enchantment o$ his art our sirit is surretitiously cature!Las in a (ne)atie siritual conersion $or the enemy is !is)uise!

in e%ressions o$ brilliant artistry an! we are se!uce! to the oint

o$ reerence. I$ our aesthetic a!miration is not accomanie! by ru!ent re$lection i$ we are not alert to the !an)er to our most

sacre! belie$s then we are on the ath o$ a ne)atie conersion.

-he esti)es o$ our reli)ion will be un!ermine! by his aesthetics

an! his sketicism an! our olitical eyes will be !imme!.A2

*arcia Mar/ue@ himsel$ has o$ten emhatically !eclare!' (In a wor! I beliee that the

reolutionary !uty o$ a writer is to write well. -hat is his obli)ation ... I beliee that the

reolutionary obli)ation o$ the writer is to write well this is his !uty.,AG

In *arcia Mar/ue@<s con$ession o$ belie$ he says'

So that there be no misun!erstan!in) let us start at the en!. I

beliee that sooner or later the worl! will became socialist an! $or

my art the sooner the better. ut I am also conince! that one o$ the thin)s that can !elay it is ba! Lsic literature.

Just as $or his literary comra!e arlos :uentes *arcia Mar/ue@ wants subtle an! otent

literature that can create new myths F an! restore ol! myths F an! thereby subert !essicate!

tra!itions as they see them esecially the (mysti$ications, o$ the atholic tra!ition. &ritin)

about *arcia Mar/ue@ arlos :uentes says' (*arcia Mar/ue@ !estroys these a riori i!iots in

or!er to roclaim an! control the ri)hts o$ ima)ination which knows how to !istin)uish between

mysti$ication wherein a !ea! ast tries to ass $or a lie resent an! Pmythi$ication< wherein

A2Ibi!. F my emhasis a!!e!.

AGIbi!. . 4 94 F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 G0



the lie resent recoers the li$e o$ the ast as well Lesecially (re"olomban myths,.A4

3naly@in) the suose! (the archetyal sace o$ the myth, where (the same thin)s

constantly become new an! the human becomes a contemorary o$ the Lcyclical cosmo)ony,

3lberto oi%a!os notes that like $or *arcia Mar/ue@ (In the case o$ Lthe Me%ican arlos

:uentes this cosmo)ony is the 3@tecs< who will amon) others articiate in the rebirth o$ the

new man.,AA :or *arcia Mar/ue@ o$ course this will be art o$ the renewe! 5ew Socialist Man.

-his will there$ore re/uire a subersiely !ialectical (Mar%ism that ri!es on the re"olomban

myth to create a new eic Lo$ reolt which will bree! a new man, A F an! certainly not a

hristian man. Such (!emiur)ic, writers reare the way $or the 5ew (oercie Etoians.,

:uentes honors an! seaks about *arcia Mar/ue@< Cne Hun!re! Kears o$ Solitu!e as

$ollows'

It is an authentic reision o$ utoia the eic an! myth o$ atin

3merica which con/uers by !emoni@in) the !ea! moments o$ historio)rahy in or!er to enter metahorically mythically an!

simultaneously into the total time o$ the resent.A#

Such are the aims an! asirations o$ the alto)ether anti"atholic (new atin 3merican

literature, an! a reelation o$ their syncreltistic cosmo)ony an! metahysics an! some o$ their

literary (sycho"techni/ues., (Demoni@ation, o$ which they o$ten seak is also oi%a!os

con$irms (a known characteristic o$ re"olomban mytholo)y, which has been (e%haustiely

roe! by *ermain a@in<s stu!ies o$ the reli)ious nature o$ the 3@tecs,A F those whom

A4Ibi!. . 2 F my emhasis a!!e!.

AAIbi!. . #.

AIbi!. . #4.

A#Ibi!.

AIbi!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 G1



Hernan!o ortes ha! encountere! !e$eate! an! hele! to conert to the atholic :aith.

Here is a summary o$ a@in<s $in!in)s in his own wor!s'

-here is another re)ion in the worl! where !emonism is

wi!esrea!' re"olomban 3merica. 5owhere else !i! it $lourishas in the 3mericas this si)n o$ bloo! which is the si)n o$ Satannowhere else in the unierse !i! ciili@e! humanity remain lon)er

un!er the terror o$ suraterrestrial owers nowhere else !i! man

hae a more tra)ic knowle!)e o$ his recariousness in a worl! inwhich he $elt himsel$ a stran)er. -here was no reason to be on

earth other than to ay bloo! tribute to !iinities satiate! with

crime the ery sun !eman!e! its !aily ration o$ bloo! i$ it were to

consent to continue its ath -haloc the )o! o$ rain was no lesse%i)ent. -he terrors o$ the millennium le$t a memorable wake $or

our Lhristian"atholic ciili@ation. Cne won!ers what was the

sycholo)y o$ a eole like the 3@tecs Lrecallin) Moloch an! theartha)inians who eery $i$ty"two years crin)e! be$ore the

sectacle o$ the en! o$ the worl!6 Death a iolent !eath F in

battle or un!er the sacri$icial kni$e F was the only relie$ $rom thisin$ernal li$e Lwithout hoe. attles were $re/uently wa)e! $or no

other reason than to $ee! these sacri$icial altars where a!olescent

)irls chil!ren an! risoners o$ war were ritualistically immolate!.

-his is the nauseatin) le)acy o$ the 3@tec [email protected]

:or the new I!eolo)ical In!i)enism an! (romantic, omaratie 3nthroolo)y there is

a )reat !esire to !estroy the (bli)ht, o$ atholic hristianity an! to hel (un!o 1492O F

esecially the hristian siritual e%loitation that olumbus urorte!ly set in motion. Such an

(un!oin), romises the return o$ a (5ew Reolutionary 5aturalism.,

3$ter citin) some seci$ic eents an! subtle mockeries $rom -he 3utumn o$ the

atriarch oi%a!os comments'

y such a succession o$ inci!ents Mar/ue@ subtly !ismembers the

suernatural or!er more than once eents Lare sai! to occur (un!er the )ol!en !ome o$ the !eceit$ul worl! o$ that !i$$icult

*o! the one an! triune., ... an one so easily !ismiss the

A9Ibi!. . #4"#A F my emhasis a!!e!. oi%a!os /uotes *ermain a@in armelite

Stu!ies ?aris' Desclee !e rouwer 194B . A1A.

K0223117.WPD; 1 G2



ro$oun! an! irreerent subersion o$ the natural an! suernatural

or!er. ...60

So many (ne)atie siritual conersions, may well hae occurre! because o$ Mar/ue@<

subersie incenties t o mockery an! aostasy an! to $inal !esair the corrosion o$

hoelessness.

Kes such artists want to create a (new worl!, an! these secially initiate! elites e%ect

to ($in! the !awn o$ a new *nosis.,1 In the wor!s o$ Mircea =lia!e this orientation (constitutes

in art the absolute triumh o$ the ermanent reolution ... all innoation Le.). (roocation an!

e%cess, is !eclare! be$orehan! by !ecree to be ... brilliant.,

2

CONCLUSION

y un!erstan!in) the three main elements o$ the !rie F the assion an! the $eer F to (

un!o 1492, atholics will hae a much more !i$$erentiate! awareness o$ the lar)er )ran!"

strate)ic (sycho"cultural war$are, in which they are inole! whether they yet know it or not.

-here seems een to be a (coner)ence, o$ these arious anti"atholic moements

which combine to ro!uce an u!ate! (Reolutionary :aith, alon) with its (5eo"Messianic

:eer.,

Cn the remise that (contrast clari$ies the min!, atholics re/uire !eeer strate)ic

stu!ies o$ these ($alse reli)ions, an! (arme! i!eolo)ies, an! their !elusional (!ialectics o$

liberation.,

remature wron) action is not the ru!ent F or truly strate)ic F way to resist the o$ten

0Ibi!. . 4#.

1Ibi!. . A#.

2Ibi!. . A#"A F my emhasis a!!e!.

K0223117.WPD; 1 GG



combine! strate)ic initiaties o$ those who woul! (un!o 1492.,

-almu!ic an! 8abbalistic ?*nosticB Ju!aism is not the re"hristian Ju!aism o$ the

iblical Israelites. It is a new reli)ion an! arme! i!eolo)y an! (reolutionary $aith, roote! in

the re7ection o$ hrist an! the mockery o$ the Humility o$ *o! in the Incarnation. -here$ore the

current use o$ the hrase (the Ju!aeo"hristian tra!ition, is itsel$ subersie as well as

!eliberately e/uiocal an! ambi)uous. It is a subersie (new myth.,

-he Mohamme!an reli)ion claimin) to correct the !istortions o$ both the Ju!aic an! the

hristian reelations an! then to brin) $orth the $ul$illment o$ *o!<s reelation is in truth a

ery militaristic an! sensualist materialist cruel embo!iment o$ a $alse reli)ion which is

howeer clearly (on the rise, in a worl!wi!e (insur)ency, to a!ance (the Swor! o$ the

rohet.,

-he (return, to the (naturalism, an! (!emonism, o$ the re"olomban 3@tec ciili@ation

?an! its analo)uesB woul! also be a $urther !escent into terror an! !esair.

-he atholic :aith an! its intimate culture by contrast hae so much hoe an! loe to

)ie to the heart o$ man F $or his )reater )oo! ?an! the true common )oo!B an! $or the )lory o$

*o! an! His eatitu!e. F :I5IS F

Documents

The Catholic Strategic Response to Undo 1492!