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AIA Home > SBSE Home > Teaching Resources > Carbon Neutral Design > Case Studies > Aldo Leopold Legacy Center > Envelope Design

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Aldo Leopold Legacy Center

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Building Massing and Orientation

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Aldo Leopold Legacy Center, Baraboo, Wisconsin

Envelope Design - Apertures, Shading, Thermal Performance

Envelope - Thermal Enclosure:

Source: High Performance Buildings Database

A highly efficient building envelope reduces thermal transfer. The use of structural insulated panels in place offrame construction greatly increased the insulation value of the walls. Overall, insulation values for almostevery part of the building envelope are at least twice the values required by state code. For coldclimate buildings this is emerging as a starting point for building envelope design standards. It does pose somechallenges in the detailing of the envelope - but which can be accomodated.

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Cross Section of the Aldo Leopold Center showing theIntegration of the Heating System

Building Envelope - Aperture Distribution:Building Glazing Ratios per GSF

South 4.3%East 2.2%North 3.9%West 2.2%Sloped 0.0%Horizontal 0.0%TOTAL 12.6%

Operable Window Area per conditioned s.f. 16.1%

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Aperture Distribution

Envelope - Controlling Aperture Solar Gains: SOUTH ELEVATIONSOUTH GLAZING

Staff Lunchroom Clerestory and Window Wall Solar Radiation

With passive design, and CND strategies for load reduction, it is extremely important to prevent solar gain intothe interior of the building in the cooling months. The windows that allow for passive solar gain in the heatingmonths must be blocked from the exterior to minimize cooling requirements in the summer season. The diagrambelow shows the way that they roof overhangs have been designed to produce shading during the hot summermonths, while at the same time allowing deep solar penetration in the winter. This simple natural extension of theroof also assisted in simplifying the design and saving money that might have otherwise been required ifspecialized shading devices had been required.

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Basic Shading Strategies for the Two Primary Window Types on the South Elevation

Controlling Solar Gain - Transmission Study

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Transmission Data for South Facing Windows

Envelope - Controlling Aperture Solar Gains: NORTH ELEVATIONNORTH GLAZING

Clerestory and Office Windows

Although potentially less of an issue in terms of solar control than south facing windows, north facing windowshave their own special concerns in Carbon Neutral Design. In the case of the Leopold Center, the windows are

being used for daylighting, in order to reduce the electric lighting load during the daytime hours, as well as topromote natural ventilation. From a thermal perspective, windows are significantly less efficient than the superinsulated walls that they puncture. So a balance needs to be struck between keeping them large enough todaylight and ventilate the building, but small enough so that they do not result in large winter and nighttime heatlosses.

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Basic Strategies for the Two Primary Window Types on the North Elevation

Controlling Solar Gain - Transmission Study

Building Massing and Orientation Illumination

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