The Call and the Caller

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15PointsConcerning

TheCallandtheCaller


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ISBN:Inprogress

FirstEdition,1422AH/2001CE

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VerilyAllahcreatedthecreationforHisibaadah1,asHesaid,

AndIhaveneithercreatedtheJinnnorhumankind,ex

ceptthattheyworshipMe.Iseeknotfromthemanypro

vision,nordoIaskthattheyfeedme.VerilyAllahisthe

AllProvider, the Owner of Power, the Most Strong.

[SurahadhDhaariyaat(51):5658]

And inorder toclarify therealityofworship thatAllahobli

gated upon His slaves, He sent messengers and revealed

books, that people come to knowwhat ismandatory upon

them in regards to their Rubb2 (), and to know that their

1 Ibaadah () linguistically is theutmostextentofhumility. [Mufradaat

AlfaadhilQuranbyarRaaghibalAsfahaani].Inthereligioussense,itisa

generaltermwhichconsistsofallthingswhichAllahlovesandispleased

withinspeechandaction,innerandouter.[alUbudiyyahbyibnTaymi

yyah]

2 Thewordrubb ()isaderivativeoftheverbrabbaa()whichliterally

means to raise andnurture, as the father andmothernurtureand raise

theirchildrenbyprovidingforthemfood,clothing,andothernecessities.

AllahistheRubbbecauseheistheonewhocreates,providessustenance,
http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/http://www.islamhouse.com/


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happinessandsorrowisinterrelatedwithworship,initspresenceorabsence.Allah()said,

OChildrenofAadam if therecome toyouMessengers

fromamongstyou,recitingtoyouMyverses,thenwho

soeverbecomespiousandrighteous,onthemshallbeno

fear nor shall they grieve. But those who reject our

aayaat3 and treat them with arrogance, they are the

dwellers of the fire, they will abide therein forever.

[SurahalAraaf(7):3536]

And the last of themessengers and the best of them is our

Prophet,Muhammad(),whowassentbyAllahtothepeople

intheirentirety,addressingtheminHissaying,

nurtures, and raises his creation by His bounties and by His grace.

[AdaptedfromalMufradaatAlfaadhilQuran]

3Aayaat( ( intheArabiclanguage isthepluralofthewordaayah( ,(

whichmeansa clearandobvious sign. [MufradaatAlfaadh ilQuran]. In

the religious sense, it is a verse from the Quran, an attribute ofAllah

whichisnotcreated,andintheuniversalsense,theyarethewidearrayof

creationswhichgiveevidencetotheirCreator,Allah.


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Say[OMuhammad()]: Opeople,VerilyIamsentto

youallastheMessengerofAllah toWhombelongsthe

Dominion of the heavens and the earth, there is none

worthyofworship exceptHim. It isHeWhogives life

andcausesdeath.SobelieveinAllahandHisMessenger,

theProphetwhocanneitherreadnorwrite,whobelieves

inAllahandHisWords.Andfollowhimsothatyoumay

beguided.[SurahalAraaf(7):158]

Throughhim,Allah rejuvenated souls and enlightened their

sight.Throughhim,Heopenedeyes thatwereblinded,ears

thatweredeafened,andheartsthatwereenveloped.Through

him,Allahsufficedafterpovertyandmultipliedaftertheirin

significance.Throughhim,Allahguided toTawheed4and to

direct all worship to The Creator, after they prostrated to

stonesand treesandsupplicated tothosewhom theyneither

heard nor saw.Allahdid not raise him ()until he left his

4 Tawheed()istheverbalnounoftheverbwahhada()whichliterally

meanstosingleout.Inthereligioussense,istheconceptofsinglingout

Allahinhisattributesoflordship,worship,andNamesandAttributes.


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Ummah5uponaclearandwhitepath,itslandmarksandmile

stonesclearandunambiguous,itsnightlikeitsday;nonegoes

astrayfromitexceptthatitleadstotheirdestruction.

Asitwasinevitableafterthepassingoftimethatpeoplebeaf

flictedwith ignoranceandbecomesurroundedbynegligence

anddistractionswhichdivertthemfromlearningthereligion

orfollowingandactinganduponit;andasitisimpossiblefor

allpeople todevote themselves to seekingknowledge,Allah

madeobligatoryituponthisummahthatanumberfromevery

groupproceedforthtoseekknowledgeinthereligionandto

warnthepeoplewhentheyreturntothem inorderthatthey

maybecautious.Allah()said,

And it isnotfor thebelievers togo toandfightall to

gether.Of every troop of them, aparty only should go

forth,forthatthey[whowereleftbehind(orproceededforth)]

gain understanding in the religion, and that theymay

5An ummah () is word that literally denotes any amount of people

grouped together asone,whether itsbasisbe religion, era,or location,

whethertheyaregroupedtogetherbytheirownchoiceornot[Mufradaat

AlfaadhilQuran].Hereitisthecollectionofpeople,pastandpresent,who

answeredthecalloftheProphet().


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warn thepeoplewhen they return to them,so that theymaytakecaution.[SurahatTawbah(9):122]

For thisreason itbecomesobligatory thatstudentsofknowl

edge and carriers of the religion follow the footsteps of the

MessengerofAllah()intheirdawah6;theyaretobehissuc

cessors ingoodness in theummah,by revivingwhathasbe

comeobsolete inhis religionandbeeneffaced fromhissun

nah7.Itisuponthemtocorrectthebeliefsfalselyattributedto

thereligionandtorefutethosewhodesiretodistortitandits

callerswith fabricated lies,past andpresent.They are todo

this sincerely for Allah, following the example of the first

caller,theNobleProphet(),incompliancewithHis()say

ing,

Say[OMuhammad()]Thisismyway,IcalltoAllah

withsureknowledge,Iandwhosoeverfollowsme.And

6Dawah ( ( istheverbalnounof theverbdaaa ),whichmeans) to

callorinvite,andhereitisspecificallytocalltothereligionofIslaam.

7 Sunnah( )isawordthatmeansway,orpath.InIslaam,itrefersto

thelegalway,orders,prohibitions,statementsandactions,etc,oftheMes

senger of Allah (),which have become the models (of behavior and

deed)tobefollowedbyall(sincere)Muslims.Thewordisoftenusedin

relationtotheauthentictraditionsconcerningtheProphet()recordedin

thecollectionsofahadeeth (see footnotes 22& 23onHadeethandSahee

hayn).


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Glorified and Exalted isAllah, and I am not from themushrikeen (thosewho associatepartnerswithAllah).

[SurahYusuf(12):108]

Andindeedtheummahsneedforsinceredawah whichrec

tifiesaqeedah8andcleansesitfromscarsandfilth,encourages

thefulfillmentofobligationsinregardstoAllahandHiscrea

tion aswell as the avoidance of the prohibited, andwhich

warns them from the consequences of fasaad9 is like their

needforrainfall,nourishingfood,andcoldwater;rather it is

muchmoreneeded.Whoever isvoidof food anddrink,his

endisdeath,whichmightinfactleadhimtoJannah10.Butas

fortheabsenceofreligion,itleadstoeverlastinglosswhichin

turn leadstheslavetoJahannam11,andwhatanevilabodeit

is.

8 Aqeedah () is derived from the noun aqd (),which is a knot or

somethingtiedorboundtightly.Inthereligioussense,itisthesetoffirm

beliefs inwhich there isno room fordoubt,and iscalledso for itbeing

boundandtiedtotheheart.

9 Fasaad():sin,transgression,evildoing.

10 Jannah ( ): literally, garden, referring to theEverlastingGarden of

heaven.

11 Jahannam():Thepunishmentoftheafterlife,theEverlastingFire.


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So dawah is fard kifaayah12 upon students of knowledge,

each according to their ability. If itwere abandoned, all of

themwouldberegardedassinning,andifanumberofthem

were toassume it, it remainsobligatoryon the rest toassist.

Andifthereweretobeonlyoneortwostudentsofknowledge

inanareaorvillage, itbecomes fardayn13on them toenjoin

thegoodandforbidtheevil,inconformitywiththesayingof

Allah(),

Ofeverytroopofthem,apartyonlyshouldgoforth,for

thatthey[whowere leftbehind(orproceeded forth)]gainun

derstanding in thereligion,and that theymaywarn the

peoplewhen theyreturn to them,so that theymay take

caution.[SurahatTawbah(9):122]

AndletthosestudentsofknowledgewhocalltoAllahbecon

gratulated.Letthembecongratulatedthattheyarethesucces

sorstotheMessengerofAllah()inleadingthewaytoAllah

12 FardKifaayah( )couldbetranslatedascommunalobligation,in

thatwhat isobligatory is that theactbeperformed in thecommunityof

believersbyaquantitywhichcircumstancenecessitates.Ifthatquantityis

met,theobligationfallsfromtherest.Soinasense,itsobligationisinre

gardstotheactratherthantheindividual.

13 FardAyn( )couldbetranslatedasindividualobligationinthatit

isobligatoryoneachandeveryindividual,andnotmerelythattheactbe

performedbyacertainamountofpeople.


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andHisstraightpath,strivingtobettersociety,battlingfasaadandwarningagainstitsevilanddisastrousoutcome.Letthem

be congratulated that they have the most share in his be

queathal,may thepeaceofAllahandHisblessingsbeupon

him.Allah()says,

If only there had been among the generations before

you persons having wisdom, prohibiting others from

fasaadintheearth.[Buttherewerenone]exceptafewof

thosewhomHesavedfromamongthem.Andthosewho

didwrongpursuedthegoodthingsof[theworldly]life,

andwere mujrimoon (criminals, polytheists, disbelievers

inAllah,sinners).[SurahHud(11):116]AndtheProphet()said,

Conveyfrommeevenifitwereonlyanaayah,andre

late the accounts of Bani Israaeel14without any harm,

andwhoeverliesuponmeintentionally,lethimtakehis

seatintheHellfire.(AlBukhaari)

He()alsosaid,

14Bani Israaeel: The progeny (descendents/children/tribes) of Israel, or

Yaqoob(),whoaretheJews.


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MayAllahilluminatethepersonwhohearsmysayingsandretains it,andconveys itasheheard it.And itmay

be that thepersonwho is toldhasmoreunderstanding

thantheonewhohasheardit;anditmaybethatthecar

rierofknowledgeisnotonewhounderstands.15

IndeeddawahtoAllahisasecurityforthesocietywhichisin

fearofpunishmentandgeneralchastisement.Butthisisonly

ifthedawahweregivenitsdueright,bythecallersaswellas

the addressed:by the caller inhaving ikhlaas16, seriousness,

andwithoutslackeningor leavingwhat itentails,andbythe

addressed inacceptingandactingupon theadvice.Indeed if

the caller slackens,weakens, losesvigororbecomes satiated

with to theharm faced inhis call,or ifhewas tohasten in

achievingresults,theoutcomewillnotbeasdesired.Ratheritmay be the exact opposite: fasaadwill becomeunrestrained

andtheevildoerswillgaintheupperhand,andinthatwillbe

aninvitationtowidespreadevilandgreatsuffering.

Onthismerit,wehavesummarizedthosequalitiesincumbent

uponthecallertoemulate,andtheyareasfollows:

15This hadeeth has been narrated in numerous books of hadeeth. This

wordingisclosesttotheonenarratedbyibnulArabiinhisbookAaridat

ulAhwadhi.

16 Ikhlaas ( ( is the verbal noun of akhlasa ( ), which literally

means topurify,asonepurifieshoney. In the religious sense, it is the

purificationofonesactionforAllah,orsincerity.


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(1)Knowledge.Itisfromtheconditionsofbeingacallerthathe be knowledgeable to thatwhich he is calling to, andwe

understandthisconditionfromthenobleaayah,

Say[OMuhammad()]Thisismyway,IcalltoAllah

withbaseerah(sureknowledge),Iandwhosoeverfollows

me.[SurahYusuf(12):108]

Whatismeantbybaseerahhereistheknowledgeofwhatis

being called to. So if one calls to Tawheed, he should have

knowledgeofitstypesandbewellconversantwiththatwhich

rendersitvoidfromthedifferenttypesofshirk17,thelesserof

itandthegreater.Ifhecallstotheestablishmentofsalaat18,he

shouldhaveknowledgeof itsdescription,conditions,obliga

toryandsuperogatory19acts,andsoon.Ifheweretobefaced

withsomethinghedidnotknow,hemustrestrainhimselfun

til he comes to know of it,whether by researching from its

sourcesoraskingsomeonemoreknowledgeablethanhimself.

Letnotprideholdhimbackfromsayingtothatwhichhehas

noknowledge:Allahknowsbetter,orIdonotknow.

17 Shirk () is to associateotherswithAllah inHis aspectofLordship,

worship,orattributes.

18

Salaat

(

)

The

Prayer.

19Notobligatory,butadditionalvoluntaryandmeritorious(actsofprayer).


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SaalimbinAbduallahbin Umarwasaskedaboutan issueandhereplied,Idonotknow.

Theinquirersaid,Itisindeedagreatthingthatyousay,Ido

notknow,youbeingthesonofAbdullahbinUmar.

SoSaalimreplied,What isgraver in thesightofonewhoun

derstandsAllahisthatIspeakofwhichIdonotknow.

ApersonaskedalQaasimbinMuhammadaboutamatter,

andalQaasimrepliedsaid,Idonotknowitwell.

Sothepersoncontinued,Ibroughtthesituationtoyouratten

tionbecauseIdonotknowanyoneelse.

SoalQaasimreplied,Donotlookatthelengthofmybeardor

themanypeoplearoundme,byAllahIdonotknowitwell.

An elderly one from the Quraysh sitting next to him as

serted,Keeptoit[thisanswer]myson,forbyAllahIhavenot

seenanyoneinagatheringoneasnobleasyoutoday.

AlQaasimreplied,ByAllahthatmytongueisseveredismore

belovedtomethanspeakingofthatwhichIhavenoknowledge.

(2)Tobecovetous inseekingknowledgeandobtaining it

from its sources, searching for it, studying and revising it,

andtoquestionthescholarsandseektheircounsel inwhat

they findproblematic, until their hearts rest at an opinion

theydeemclosertothetruth.


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(3)WisdominDawah.Thisisthatapersonactsaccordinglytoeachsituation,andthatheberefinedinhisapproach,hum

bleandsoftspoken.Thisisimpliedbythenobleaayah,

Call to theWay of your Rubb withwisdom and fair

preaching.

[Surah

an

Nahl

(16):125]

(4)Tobekindandsofttotheonebeingaddressed,evenifhe

beproudandhaughty,asAllah()said,

...

AndbytheMercyofAllahyoudealtwiththemgently.

Andhadyoubeensevereandharshheartedtheywould

have broken away from aboutyou. So look over their

faults,andseek forgiveness for them,andconsult them

inaffairs...[SurahAaliImraan(3):159]

And,asAllah()saidtoMusa()andHaaroon(),


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AndgobothofyoutoFirawn20

,forverilyhehastransgressed [allbounds].And speak tohimmildly inorder

thathemayacceptadmonitionor fear.[SurahTaaHaa(20):4344]

AndtheMessenger()said,

Gentlenessdoesnotenterintoanymatterexceptthatit

isbeautified,andharshnessdoesnotenterintoanymat

terexceptthatitisdisfigured.(Muslim)

(5)Sabr.21Allah()saidtoHisProphet(),

Andthereforehavesabr[OMuhammad()]asdidthe

Messengersofstrongwill.[SurahalAhqaaf(46):35]

He()alsosaid,

So

bear

with

sabr

all

that

they

say,

and

Glorify

your

RubbwithPraise.[SurahQaaf(50):39]

AndAllah()said,

20 Firawn():ThePharaohthatAllahdeliveredtheBaniIsraaeelfrombythehandofMusa().

21 Sabr() istohavepatiencefromdisobeyingAllah, inobeyingAllahs

orders,andtohavepatiencewiththevariousdecreesofAllah.


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Bythetime.Indeedallhumankindisinastateofloss;

except thosewho believe, anddo righteousdeeds, and

encourageeachother in truthandencourageeachother

insabr.[SurahAlAsr(103)]

Sosabr isoneof the fourconditionalcharacteristics thatone

musthaveinordertobesavedfrometernalloss,andtheyare:

(i)Eemaan22,whichisinclusiveofknowledge.Thisisbecauseof the fact thateemaanentailsgiving truth tosomething,

andonecannotgivetruthtosomethinghedoesnotknow.

(ii)Acting upon that knowledge, because that is what issought from knowledge. Sufyaan athThawri once said,

Knowledgecallsouttoaction,ifitanswers[...],andifdoesnot

it leaveshim.MaalikbinDeenaarsaid,Indeed ifascholar

doesnotactuponhisknowledge,hisadmonitionslips fromthe

hearts[ofpeople]asadropofwaterslipsfromarock.

(iii)Encouragingoneanothertohavesabrwiththeharmfacedingivingdawah,whichisinevitableforonewhoistruth

fulintheircall.ForthisAllah()coupledtheencouraging

ofsabrwith...

22 Eemaan ()consistsof threeparts: (i)Truebeliefandconfirmationof

theheart,(ii)Speechofthetongue,(iii)Actionofthelimbs.Ifanyofthem

isabsent,theneemaanitselfisnotpresent.


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(iv)Encouraging of truth. He denounced those who refrainfromdawahfearingharm.Allah()said,

Andfrompeoplearesomewhosay, WebelieveinAl

lah.ButiftheyaremadetosufferfortheSakeofAllah,

they render the trial of people as the trial of Allah.

[SurahalAnkaboot(29):10]

(6)That thecallerbe just inhis speechandaction,asAllah

()says,

...

O Youwho believe stand firmly upon justice aswit

nesses forAllah, even though itmay be against your

selves, or your parents, or your kin. [Surah anNisaa

(4):135]

Andinthehadeeth23oftheProphet()said,

Saythetruthevenifitwerebitter.

23Hadeeth (),meaning narration, in this case a saying, deed or ap

provalaccuratelynarratedfromtheProphet()bywayoftheSahaba[his

Companions] ().Theplural isahaadeeth (),and theseare foundcollectedinvariousbooksbyScholarsofIslam.


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(7)That the caller shouldhave thequalityofhumbleness.

Allah()says,

Andwalknoton theearthwithconceitandarrogance.

Verilyyoucannotrendnorpenetrate theearth,norcan

youattainastaturelikethemountainsinheight.[Surah

alIsraa(17):37]

AndastheMessengerofAllah()said,

IndeedAllahhasrevealedtomethatyouhumbleyourselvessothatyoudonottransgresseachother.

(8) That the caller set a good example for those being ad

dressed. This is accomplished by racing to perform good

deeds,anddistancingoneselffromevil.This istobedoneso

thattherebenobreachbetweenhiswordsanddeedsandthatheactaccordingtowhathepreaches,leadingtoAllahspleas

ure,asHe()said,

Oyouwhobelieve,whydoyouSaythatwhichyoudo

notdo?MosthatefulitistoAllahthatyousaythatwhich

youdonotdo.[SurahasSaff(61):23]


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Apoetoncesaid,

Donotprohibitsomethingandcomewiththesame,

andifyoudidindeedthatisagreatdisgrace.

Theseeightcharacteristicswhichwementionedareallquali

tiesdesiredof thecaller.Andas for thecall, theyareas fol

lows:

9)Thatonestartwithwhatismostimportant,andthenpro

ceed to thatwhich is less. In a hadeeth found in the Sahee

hayn24,theProphet()sentMuaadhtoalYemenandsaidto

him,

VerilyyouaregoingtoanationfromthepeopleoftheBook.Letthefirstthingyoucallthemtobetobearwit

ness that there isnodeityworthyofworshipexceptAl

lah (the shahaadahof laa ilaaha illAllah)and thatMu

hammad()istheMessengerofAllah.Andiftheyobey

you in that, then tell them thatAllahhasobligatedfive

prayersineverydayandnight.Andiftheyobeyyouin

24AsSaheehayn ( ): The two Saheehs. These are the ahaadeeth

collectedbyImaamAbuAlHussainMuslimandImaamMuhammadbin

IsmailAlBukhaari, the two collectionswhich containonly themostau

thenticnarrations.


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that, inform them thatAllahobligatedalmsgiving [Zakaat]25,takenfromtherichandgiventothepoor...26

(10)Thatoneendeavorinrectifyingmattersofaqeedahand

purifyingitfromthefilthofshirk,alongwithwhichnodeedis

acceptableandnosinisforgiven,asAllah()says,

IndeedAllah forgivesnot thatpartnersbe setupwith

Him,andHeforgivesotherthanthattowhomHewills.

[SurahanNisaa(4):48]

And there isnodifferencewhether itbeshirkof ibaadahor

shirkof tahkeem27.These twoare thegreater formsofshirk,

and in committing themaperson leaves foldof the religion.

And there are two other types of shirk, the lesser shirk (al

asghar), and the hidden shirk (alkhafiyy). It is obligatory

uponthecallerstoclarifyallthetypesofshirk,andalsowarn

25Zakaat( ):Acertainfixedproportionofwealthandofeverykindof

propertyliabletotheobligatoryalmsduesthataMuslimmustpayyearly

forthebenefitofthepoorintheMuslimcommunity.

26This hadeeth has been related by alBukhaari,Muslim and others.This

wordingisclosesttoonenarratedbyibnTaymaiyyahfoundinJaamiur

Rasaail.

27 Tahkeem( ).TheconceptthatonlyAllahhastherightoflegislationin

Hiscreation.


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against bidah.28And if ones actions became purified from

these two evils, everything else ismuch less, andhe should

thentaketocorrectingthem,againstartingwiththemostim

portant.

(11)Thathenottakenames,eveniftheybeknown,forthisis

fromthetacticsofdawah.TheProphet()wouldsay,What

iswrongwiththosepeoplewhosaysoandso...ordosoand

so...

AndinthehadeethofBareerah,

Whatiswrongwiththosepeoplewhoformulatecondi

tionsnotfoundintheBookofAllah?Anyconditionnot

found in theBookofAllah is invalid,even itbeahun

dredconditions.(AnNasai)

(12)Thathe livenhisadmonition so that those listeningdo

not get bored or fed up. He should also remember not to

lengthen it so that theyarenotburdened, for indeedpeople

haveotherdutiesandobligations toattend to.So let thead

monitionbehelpfultothepeople;lessinspeechbutinclusive

inmeaning. This is better than speechwhich causes one to

forget because of its length. An exception could be made,

though,ifapersonwasinvitetoapaneldiscussionorlecture.

Inthiscase,thereisnoharmthathelengthensit,ofcourseif

28Bidah( ):innovation.


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hewascertainoftheirpleasureanddesire,butalsoletthatbesomethingreasonable.

(13)Trust inAllahanddependinguponHim,beingcontent

andsufficinginHim,andbeingreassuredinHismanagement

ofaffairs.Allah()said,

AndonAllahaloneletthebelieversputtheirtrust.And

why shouldwenotputour trust inAllahwhileHe in

deed has guided us ourways? Andwe shall certainly

bearwithpatienceallthehurtyoumaycauseus,andon

Allah alone let thosewho trustput their trust. [Surah

Ibraaheem(14):12]

(14)Expendinggreatenergyandstrengthindawahandgiv

ing it thebest andmostofhis time andnotmerelywhat is

leftover.He istowaitforopportunitiesandseizethemwhen

they appear.He should keepupwith lectures, organize the

readingofdifferentbooks inmasaajid,29anddoother things

in its like.What is important is that dawah dominates his

29Masjid () is aplacedesignated specifically for the establishmentof

prayer.ItspluralisMasaajid( ).


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concernuntil ithebecomespreoccupied in itnightandday,andthisiswhatissought.

(15)RetreatingtoAllahinalltimesbyabundantsupplication

and imploration.He should seekHishelp and in thatAllah

grantshimTawfeeq30 and the able toperform correctly, and

thatHeremovestheShaytaan31 fromhispath.Heshouldal

ways be in communication with Allah, seeking His help

againsthisenemies,askingHim inwhatbettershimandhis

dawah,andthatHegranthimikhlaasinitandineverything

elsewhichhefaces.

Inclosing,thisiswhatIwasabletocompile inthisshortno

tice

regarding

the

call

and

the

caller,

and

whatever

is

deficient

in its foundation canneverbeperfected,andmay thepeace

and Blessing be on our ProphetMuhammad, and upon his

familyandcompanions.

30 Thewordtawfeeq( )literallymeanstoequatebetweentwothings.In

thereligioussense it istoequatebetweenapersonsactionsandcorrect

ness.SoTawfeeqfromAllahisthatAllahgrantsthepersontheabilityto

accordhisactionoropiniontothecorrectone.

31AshShaytaan ( ):Satan,orDevil;Ibleeshimself,oranevil jinnor

personworkinginthecauseofIblees.

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The Call and the Caller