The Bureaucracy and Policymaking

• Bureaucrats put government policy into practice – hence a large impact on policymaking

• Congress and POTUS must work with the bureaucracy– Controlling is difficult:

Administrative Adjudication

administrative adjudication

Deregulation and Reregulation

• Since the late 1970s the federal government has often removed regulations established by earlier administrations =

• The usually carries out by federal bureaucracy– Ex. the late 1970s and early 1980s, the airline

industry was deregulated• significantly increasing competition and lowering prices

• When the federal government changes its regulations significantly =

Bureaucrats as Policymakers

• Iron triangles

Issue Networks

• is a group of individuals who support a specific policy, not a broader issue =

• The three parts of the iron triangle are often parts of a single issue network, but other people may also be a part of the network, including experts, scholars, and the media

• The influence of issue networks is similar to that of iron triangles: By working together, members of an issue network can shape and determine policy.