The Blue AngelThis article is about the 1930 lm. For the 1959remake, see The Blue Angel (1959 lm). Forother uses, see Blue Angel (disambiguation).The Blue Angel (German: Der blaue Engel) is a1930 German tragicomedic lm directed by Josef vonSternberg and starring Emil Jannings, Marlene Dietrichand Kurt Gerron. Written by CarlZuckmayer, KarlVollmller and Robert Liebmann with uncredited con-tributions by Sternberg. It is based on Heinrich Mann's1905 novel Professor Unrat (Professor Garbage), and setin Weimar Germany. The Blue Angel presents the tragictransformation of a man from a respectable professor toa cabaret clown, and his descent into madness. The lmis considered to be the rst major German sound lm,and brought Dietrich international fame.[2] In addition, itintroduced her signature song, Friedrich Hollaender andRobert Liebmanns "Falling in Love Again (Can't HelpIt)".The lmwas shot simultaneously in German- andEnglish-language versions, although the latter version wasthought lost for many years.1 PlotImmanuel Rath (Emil Jannings) is an esteemed educa-tor at the local Gymnasium a college preparatory highschool in Weimar Germany. He punishes several ofhis students for circulating photographs of the beautifulLola-Lola (Marlene Dietrich), the headliner for the lo-cal cabaret, The Blue Angel. Hoping to catch the boysat the club, Rath goes there later that evening and meetsLola herself.Consumed with desire for Lola, Rath returns to the nightclub the following evening, to return a pair of panties thatwere smuggled into his coat by one of his students, andstays the night with her. The next morning, reeling fromhis night of passion, Rath arrives late to school to ndhis classroom in chaos and the principal furious with hisbehavior.Rath subsequently resigns fromhis position at theacademy to marry Lola, but their happiness is short-lived,as they soon fritter away the teachers meager savings andRath is forced to take a position as a clown in Lolascabaret troupe to pay the bills. His growing insecuri-ties about Lolas profession as a shared woman even-tually consume him with lust and jealousy. The troupereturns to his hometown and The Blue Angel, where heis ridiculed and berated by the patrons, the very peoplehe himself used to deride. As Rath performs his lastact, he witnesses his wife embrace and kiss the strong-man Mazeppa, her new love interest, and is enraged tothe point of insanity. He attempts to strangle Lola, butis beaten down by the other members of the troupe andlocked in a straitjacket.Later that night, Rath is freed, and makes his way towardshis old classroom. Rejected, humiliated, and destitute,he dies in remorse, clenching the desk at which he oncetaught.2 CastEmil Jannings as Professor Immanuel RathMarlene Dietrich as Lola-LolaKurt Gerron as Kiepert, the magicianRosa Valetti as Guste, the magicians wifeHans Albers as Mazeppa, the strongmanReinhold Bernt as the clownEduard von Winterstein as the director of schoolHans Roth as the caretaker of the secondary schoolRolf Mller as Pupil AngstRoland Varno as Pupil LohmannCarl Balhaus as Pupil ErtzumRobert Klein-Lrk as Pupil GoldstaubCharles Puy as InnkeeperWilhelm Diegelmann as CaptainGerhard Bienert as PolicemanIlse Frstenberg as Raths maid3 Music"Ich bin von Kopf bis Fu auf Liebe eingestellt"(Falling in Love Again (Can't Help It)")12 6 PARODIES AND ADAPTATIONSIch bin die fesche Lola (They Call Me NaughtyLola)Nimm Dich in Acht vor blonden Frau'n (ThoseCharming Alarming Blond Women)Kinder, heut' abend, da such' ich mir was aus (AMan, Just a Regular Man)music by Friedrich Hollaender, lyrics byRobert Liebmann,[3] sung by Marlene DietrichEin Mdchen oder Weibchen wnscht Papagenosich!" (A Girl or a Little Wife, Wishes Papageno)by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, fromthe operaThe Magic Flute4 ProductionSternberg called the story the downfall of an enamoredman,[4]and he calls Rath "...a gure of self-satiseddignity brought low.[5] Some critics saw the lm as anallegory for pre-war Germany, but Sternberg was veryclear that he did not intend to make a political stand: Theyear was 1929, Germany was undivided, although the realGermany, its schools and other places pictured in the lmwere not German and reality failed to interest me.[6][7]Emil Jannings had asked Sternberg to direct him in hisrst sound picture, although Sternberg and Jannings hadclashed on the set of their previous collaborationTheLast Command (1928), and Sternberg had vowed never towork with the actor again. The following year, however,he and Jannings were reconciled, and at the invitation ofErich Pommer, head of UFA, they began to collaborateon a lm about Rasputin. Sternberg was less than in-trigued by this prospect, however, and as an alternative hesuggested the idea of an adaptation of the Heinrich Mannstory Professor Unrat, a 1905 satire about the hypocrisyof the German middle-class. Sternberg restructured thestory to t his tastes; simplifying moral themes and em-phasizing the anguish of the teacher. As a result the sec-ond half of the book was not used at all, so that the lmsending is entirely new.[8][9]Because the German and English versions of the lmwereshot simultaneously, the actors were required to play ev-ery scene twice. This was not unusual in the early soundlm era, given the technical diculties of dubbing andthe desire of the studios to be able to sell their lms inmultiple international markets.[9]The Blue Angel is best known for introducing MarleneDietrich to worldwide attention, although other perform-ers were initially considered for the role, including TrudeHesterberg (a friend of Heinrich Mann), Brigitte Helmand Lucie Mannheim. Kthe Haack had already beensigned to play the part before Sternberg met Dietrich andtransferred the part to her.[9] Dietrichs portrayal of anuninhibited woman not only established her stardom, butalso established a modern embodiment of a vixen. Lola-Lolas lusty songs, written by Friedrich Hollaender (mu-sic) and Robert Liebmann (lyrics), slither their way intoRaths heart, entrapping him and sealing his fate. Thestorys melancholic simplicity adds to the beauty of Stern-bergs most remembered work, in both Germany andAmerica. Dietrichs radiant sensuality might be blamedfor the censorship the lm faced in Pasadena, Califor-nia.[10] C.V. Cowan, censor for Pasadena, found manyscenes oensive and chose to cut them, though Jason Joy,the nations censor, did not. Reaction to the censors sealfor the re-cut lm was not good, and the theater removedthe censorship statement.[10]During lming, although he was still the nominal star ofthe lm, Jannings could see the growing closeness be-tween Sternberg and Dietrich and the care the directortook in presenting her,and the actor became jealous,threatening to strangle the actress and misbehaving onthe set. TheBlueAngel was to be his last great cine-matic moment; it was also one of UFAs last great lms,as many of the studios major talents left Germany forHollywood, including Sternberg and Dietrich, who weremet on the dock in New York City by Sternbergs wife,who served legal papers on Dietrich for alienation of af-fection. Sternberg and his wife were divorced shortlyafter.[9]5 Subsequent historyThe Blue Angel was banned in Nazi Germany in 1933,as were all the works of Heinrich Mann and Carl Zuck-mayer.The German version is much better known. The English-language version was considered a lost lmfor many yearsuntil a print was discovered in a German lm archiveand restored. The restored English version had its U.S.premiere at the Castro Theatre in San Francisco on 19January 2009 as part of the Berlin and Beyond lmfestival.[11][12]6 Parodies and adaptationsLola-Lolas nightclub act has been parodied on lmby Danny Kaye in drag as Fraulein Lilli in On theDouble, by Madeline Kahn as Lili von Schtupp inBlazing Saddles, and by Helmut Berger in LuchinoVisconti's The Damned.Adaptation: The Blue Angel (1959). Director:Edward Dmytryk; with Curd JrgensAdaptation: Pinjra (1972) Marathi/Hindi. Director:V. Shantaram; with Sandhya and Shreeram Lagoowas highly successful.[13]3A stage adaptation by Romanian playwright RazvanMazilu premiered in 2001 at the Odeon Theatre inBucharest, starring Florin Zamrescu as the profes-sor and Maia Morgenstern as Lola-Lola.In April 2010, Playbill announced that DavidThompson was writing the book for a musical adap-tationof The Blue Angel, withStewandHeidiRodewald providing the score, and Scott Ellisdirecting.[14]7 See alsoList of German lms of 191919328 ReferencesNotes[1] The Blue Angel (1930) at the Internet Movie Database[2] Bordwell, David; Kristin Thompson (2003) [1994]. TheIntroduction of Sound. FilmHistory: AnIntroduction(2nd ed.). New York City: McGraw-Hill. p. 204. ISBN978-0-07-115141-2.[3] Music on TCM.com[4] Sternberg, p. 11[5] Wakeman, p. 1045[6] Wakeman, p. 1046[7] Sternberg, p. 13[8] Sternberg, pp. 9-11[9] Steen, James. The Blue Angel at TCM.com[10] Black, p.50[11] 14th Annual Berlin & Beyond Film Festival on Flavor-pill.com[12] ATale Of Two Cities: Berlin &Noir (January 22, 2009)[13] The German Connection. Indian Express. Jan 15, 2006.Retrieved 3 August 2013.[14] Simonson, Robert. Scottsboro Librettist David Thomp-son Working on New Musicals With Stew, Scott Ellis.Playbill, April 1, 2010.BibliographyBlack, Gregory D. (1994). Hollywoodcensored:moralitycodes, Catholics, andthemovies (Trans-ferred to digital print. ed.). Cambridge [u.a.]: Cam-bridge Univ. Press. ISBN 0521452996.Sarris, Andrew. The Films of Josef von Sternberg(New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1966)Sternberg, Josef von. The Blue Angel (New York:Simon and Schuster, 1968)Wakeman, John. World Film Directors Vol. 1 (NewYork: H.W. Wilson, 1987)9 External linksThe Blue Angel at the Internet Movie DatabaseTheBlueAngel (Englishversion) at the InternetMovie DatabaseThe Blue Angel (English version) is available for freedownload at the Internet ArchiveThe Blue Angel at Rotten TomatoesThe Blue Angel at the TCM Movie DatabaseThe Blue Angel at AllMoviengerul Albastru at Odeon Theatre (stage produc-tion) (Romanian)Dissecting 'The Blue Angel' - a structure breakdown.4 10 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES10 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses10.1 Text The Blue Angel Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blue_Angel?oldid=674792326 Contributors: Ezubaric, Paul Barlow, Emperor,Ntnon, Branddobbe, Jmabel, Tobias Bergemann, David Gerard, DocWatson42, Paddyez, Oneiros, Muijz, PZFUN, Izalithium, Philip Cross,SidP, Mullet, Angr, Before My Ken, Stefanomione, Rjwilmsi, Angusmclellan, Gryndor, SMC, Bensin, MarnetteD, Robert Fraser, FlaBot,Johnnyw, Startaq, YurikBot, TexasAndroid, RussBot, Azucar~enwiki, Takeshi316, Zzzzzzus, Aleichem, Pegship, TheMadBaron, Lendu,SmackBot, Delldot, HeartofaDog, Gilliam, Finduilas 09, Hmains, Bluebot, Wutschwlllm, Je5102, Colonies Chris, AdamSmithee, Orphan-Bot, Warkk, JMLocier, Estrose, Orbicle, Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Reverendlinux, Mets501, Doczilla, Clarityend, Plebius, AlbertSM,ShelfSkewed, Cydebot, Treybien, Bellerophon5685, Lugnuts, Pascal.Tesson, Robsinden, Skymasterson, JustAGal, Matthew Proctor, Es-carbot, Dr. Blofeld, Tjmayerinsf, Sreejithk2000, Andrzejbanas, Ekabhishek, .anacondabot, Wildhartlivie, Elena the Quiet, Commons-Delinker, Stan J Klimas, Skier Dude, DorganBot, VolkovBot, TXiKiBoT, Lots42, McM.bot, Popopp, Wool Mintons, SieBot, BotMulti-chill, Paulae, Stananson, SmallRepair, Aspects, Polbot, Reginmund, Pinkadelica, Meisterkoch, Ure, Lord Cornwallis, Addbot, Smetanahue,Wulf Isebrand, Laurinavicius, Lightbot, Luckas-bot, Yobot, J Milburn Bot, Kjell Knudde, AnomieBOT, Citation bot, Ferrie, Xqbot, TheEvil IP address, Omnipaedista, LucienBOT, Moonraker, RedBot, Full-date unlinking bot, Walkingtalkingmammal, LustyRoars, NameIs-Ron, Beyond My Ken, S.S. Miami, ZroBot, SporkBot, Polisher of Cobwebs, Captain Assassin!, Maxman1313, ClueBot NG, LotteZelda,Hoerestimmen, Sfbenton, Helpful Pixie Bot, BattyBot, Khazar2, Sam Sailor, Gomuse17, Monkbot, KasparBot and Anonymous: 6610.2 Images File:Derblaueengel.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/69/Derblaueengel.jpg License: ? Contributors:Derived from a digital capture (photo/scan) of the Film Poster/ VHS or DVD Cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as thecopyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the lm company or the artist. Claimed as fair useregardless.Original artist: ?10.3 Content license Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0