The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights

George Mason- at Constitutional George Mason- at Constitutional Convention wanted declaration of rightsConvention wanted declaration of rights

James Madison-drafted Bill of Rights James Madison-drafted Bill of Rights using many of Mason’s ideas from using many of Mason’s ideas from Virginia Declaration of Rights(1776)Virginia Declaration of Rights(1776)

September 25, 1789-12 amendments September 25, 1789-12 amendments sent to the states (#of constituents, sent to the states (#of constituents, pay)pay)

1791-ratified1791-ratified

Amendment 1Amendment 1

ReligionReligion ““Congress shall Congress shall

make no law make no law respecting an respecting an establishment of establishment of religion, or religion, or prohibiting the free prohibiting the free exercise thereof”exercise thereof”

Amendment 1Amendment 1 SpeechSpeech Schenck v. U.S.-Clear and Schenck v. U.S.-Clear and

Present danger Clause. Present danger Clause. Pamphlets-draft, illegal. WWI.Pamphlets-draft, illegal. WWI.

Words which, ordinarily and in Words which, ordinarily and in many places, would be within many places, would be within the freedom of speech the freedom of speech protected by the First protected by the First Amendment may become Amendment may become subject to prohibition when of subject to prohibition when of such a nature and used in such a nature and used in such circumstances as to such circumstances as to create a clear and present create a clear and present danger that they will bring danger that they will bring about the substantive evils about the substantive evils which Congress has a right to which Congress has a right to prevent. The character of prevent. The character of every act depends upon the every act depends upon the circumstances in which it is circumstances in which it is done. done.

Amendment 1Amendment 1

PressPress

Amendment 1Amendment 1

AssemblyAssembly

Amendment 1Amendment 1

PetitionPetition

Amendment 2Amendment 2

““A well regulated A well regulated militia, being militia, being necessary to the necessary to the security of a free security of a free state, the right of state, the right of the people to keep the people to keep and bear arms, and bear arms, shall not be shall not be infringed”infringed”

Amendment 3Amendment 3

Quartering of Quartering of TroopsTroops

““No soldier shall, in No soldier shall, in time of peace be time of peace be quartered in any quartered in any house, without the house, without the consent of the consent of the owner, nor in time owner, nor in time of war, but in a of war, but in a manner to be manner to be prescribed by law.” prescribed by law.”

Amendment 4Amendment 4

Search and SeizureSearch and Seizure Search warrantSearch warrant

Amendment 5Amendment 5

Indictment by Indictment by Grand JuryGrand Jury

Double Jeopardy Double Jeopardy ClauseClause

Self Incrimination Self Incrimination ClauseClause

Due ProcessDue Process Eminent DomainEminent Domain

Amendment 6Amendment 6

Speedy, public trialSpeedy, public trial Must be informed Must be informed

of chargesof charges Right to confront Right to confront

witnesseswitnesses CounselCounsel

Amendment 7Amendment 7

Jury trial in Civil Jury trial in Civil cases, if exceeds cases, if exceeds $20.$20.

Amendment 8Amendment 8

BailBail Cruel and unusual Cruel and unusual

punishmentspunishments

Amendment 9Amendment 9

““The enumeration in the The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the disparage others retained by the people.”people.”

Amendment 10Amendment 10

““The powers not delegated to the The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.”or to the people.”