The availability and use of international documentation in Yugoslav libraries

Government Puhlicutims Review, Vol. 14, pp. 295-309, 1987 0277-9390187 $3.00 + .OO

Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. Copyright D 1987 Pergamon Journals Ltd

THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTATION IN YUGOSLAV LIBRARIES

National and University Library, Information Resource Centre for International Studies, Marulicev trg 21,41000 Zagreb, Yugoslavia

Abstract - As a part of the information activity of the Information Resource Centre for International Studies of the National and University Library in Zagreb, a research project was carried out in 1983/1984 (with amendments for 1985/1986) on the documentation of international organizations as a source of information for academic, business, and political research in Yugoslav libraries. The status of international documentation was explored using variables of availability and use. Registered possibilities presented great variation in library and information services for international organizations documentation, and this situation is certainly reflected by the availability and use of international documentation. Simulta- neously, data were collected for a catalogue and Guide to the international documentation collections in Yugoslav libraries. One-hundred thirty collections (deposits and other large or exclusive collections) in 25 libraries, are located for the Gkfe. a portion of which is appended to this article.

INTRODUCTION

A research project on the availability and use of international documentation as an indispensable source of information for research work was planned within the programme of the collection of international organizations and foreign governments documentation in the National and University Library in Zagreb. The collection was revitalized and enlarged following the 1979 reorganization of the Library, and a new section, the Research Library, was created. As models for new functions of the Library, resource units for interdisciplinary information with accompanying services were constituted as segments of the Research Library. The primary purpose was to test various approaches to support not only the University curriculae, but also to operate as mediators between the academic community and the production and market sector [l]. The collection was organized to match the scope of the programme of one of the interdisciplinary units, Information Resource Centre for International Studies. This centre covers political, economic, and legal aspects of international problems and international organizations.

Previously, the Information Resource Centre for International Studies sought to provide neglected documentation and to make it promptly available and easy to access. To speed up processing of the United Nations documentation, a new methodology suggested

Mrs. Zaneta Bar% is a founder (1979) and the head of the Government Publications Collection, Information Resource Centre for International Studies in the National and University Library in Zagreb, today the largest collection of this type in Yugoslavia. She graduated from the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University in Zagreb (1975) and got her Masters degree in Information Sciences at the University in Zagreb (1984). Mrs. Bar% presently serves as the international organizations depository libraries project coordinator for the Yugoslav Association of National Libraries.

295

296 2. BARSIC

at the advanced course on international documen~tion held in Geneva (October, 1979) was applied. More frequently needed items began to be housed on the open access shelves and an SD1 service was established for frequent users. The collection is basically com- posed of the documentation received according to the deposit, gift or exchange arrangements with various, mostly global or regional international organizations (UN, UN- ESCO, World Bank, UNCTAD, UNIDO, European Council and some other 30 organizations), and governments of the U.S.A. and Canada. Over 60,000 of 80,000 items (ca. 15 percent on microfiche) are displayed in open access.

The encouragement for better utilization of under-used documentation from international organizations and foreign governments came from a circle of leading Croatian scholars in the field of international (political, economic, and legal) relations. They were considered to be representative of users’ requirements. Seven of these constitute the Scientific Council of the Info~ation Resource Centre, having consultative function in suggesting the Centre’s short-term and long-term work programmes.

There has been a rapid increase in the number of researchers using the collection. Researchers from the production and market sectors overtook the general public as the second heaviest user group of the revitalized collection. With researchers from the production sector and market sectors, information is now sought concerning, for instance, business possibilities abroad, international standards, or legal conditions of international trade. Users’ questions have become more demanding and the Centres’ information referral work has widened. The reference collection is being constantly complemented with catalogues and indexes published by international organizations for bibliographic or sales purposes. Monographs and periodicals that cover the work and publishing activities of international organizations and foreign governments are also obtained from commercial sources.

However, the second major problem - how to provide a primary document not located in the Centre’s collection - was not satisfactorily resolved. Although it is possible to receive additional info~ation through the Scientific Information Service of the Research Library, which contacts various foreign computerized data banks, and through interlibrary loan service to borrow a documentation item for abroad, it is expensive and demands can only be satisfied to a limited degree because of the recent sharply reduced foreign currency budget of the Library. This is the primary reason why the Centre has pursued an alternative way to obtain a primary publication or document in Yugoslavia.

The reseurch

For the purpose of this project, international organizations’ documentation presented more of a challenge than did the documentation received from foreign governments. The Yugoslav Bibliographic Institute in Belgrade maintains a depository library list of parlia- mentary publications of only a few foreign governments with which Yugoslavia has an exchange agreement. On the other hand, there are only sporadic lists of the numerous, international organizations depository collections and usually each international organization has to be directly contacted. The Directoq of the United Nutions Znforrnution Systems [Z] also covers depository libraries but, evidently addresses only the documentation of the member organizations of the United Nations family. These data are not complete for Yugoslavia. Unfortunately, the 1985 edition of the Directory [3] does not include the volume on “Information Sources in Countries” at all. Also, large or exclusive collections of international documentation in Yugoslavia besides depository collections that the Centre also wished to locate, are not covered by the mentioned publications.

Another impetus to address on the issue grew out of experiences with users of the

Documentation in Yugoslav libraries 297

Centre. The majority of the Centre’s new users were unaware of the existence of nor of the informational value of international documentation. It later became an indispensable source for continuous research because topics covered by most global international organizations address various aspects of development that can certainly be implemented directly to development efforts of a country. On this basis it was presumed that international documentation needed promotion as a valuable source of information.

To alleviate these problems research was conducted on two levels. The first level was the investigation of the availability of international documentation and its use in Yugoslav libraries. Indicators were designed to evaluate the variables - AVAILABILITY and USE. Social sciences methodology was applied in the preparation of the questionnaire and processing of collected results [4,5]. Forty-seven indicators (questions in the questionnaire) were chosen based on the features of international documentation. The International Federa- tion of Library Associations and Institution’s (IFLA) questionnaire on availability and use of official publications served partly as a model and in accordance with hypothetical average conditions of Yugoslav libraries. At the end of 1983, the questionnaire was sent to all libraries and information services that maintain international organizations documentation deposits and to large or exclusive collections having other (purchase, gift, etc.) arrangements with international organizations. In addition, all libraries in Zagreb and some in Belgrade were interviewed.

The second level of research was aimed at establishing the elements necessary for the compilation of a Guide to the collections of international documentation in Yugoslav libraries, a portion of which is presented in the Appendix. It is a list of libraries that participated in the research. Each entry consists of the name of the library in English and Croatian, the address, telephone and telex number, and the name of a contact person. There is also a list of acronyms of international organizations and their specialized agen- cies and bodies, as well as regional organizations or information systems whose subject scopes differ from the main organization. The Guide itself has 25 entries for all of the collections in libraries arranged by international organizations, and three indexes. Also a catalogue that consists of data taken from the research and the Guide, as well as all other known data about the collections in libraries in Yugoslavia that chose not to respond to the questionnaire, has been maintained.

Applied terminology

For the definitions of pertinent parts of international documentation in the questionnaire, IFLA’s proposed definition of official publications [6,7] and the works of L. Marulli-Koenig [8,9] were consulted. Only a brief interpretation of the basic definitions will be repeated here because some modifications of the definitions were made to point out the distinct use of international documentation as a source of scholarly information and to point out broadest possible availability. In dealing with international documentation, the present study was concerned with primary and secondary information carriers (regardless of the medium) as a result of a publishing activity of an international organization.

The most extensive type of documentation is DOCUMENTS. Documents are important for the functioning of an organization. Their distribution is limited to the organization itself, or to the particular kinds of institutions that have permission to receive documents, for example, entitled depository libraries or national government bodies that participate in the solution of current international problems. From the point of view of scholarly information, documents are important historical material. However, documents such as working groups’ papers and conference materials are occasionally very informative.

A minor part of international organizations’ publishing production consists of PUBLI-

298 i.BAR$It

CATIONS. They are most valuable for various academic disciplines and research in any sense although they do include propaganda. Publications could be defined according to the proposed IFLA definition as the part of the publishing activity of an international organization that is without restriction and available to the public.

For the purpose of this research, while keeping in mind the recommendations of the Conference on Universal Availability of Publications (Paris, 1982), AVAILABILITY was defined through these variables: VITALITY of international documentation collection, OPENNESS of library, INTEGRATION of the international documentation collection, the main library collection, ACCESS to collection, methods of PROCESSING documentation and characteristics of LIBRARIANS or INFORMATION SPECIALISTS who process international documentation or disseminate its information.

USE of international documentation in libraries was presented in a similar manner through two determining variables. These are INTENSITY OF USE of international documentation by TYPES OF USERS and by TYPES OF DOCUMENTATION as the first and INFORMATION FACTORS or “a care for the user” as the second variable.

General indicators

Introductory questions were not designed to be indicators but were indispensable for the control of other indicators and for the description of each library, both very important for the compilation of the Guide. In this group of questions, general data on libraries and collections were collected, including general information about the library such as its address, telephone, telex, name of the person in charge of the collection, and name of the person who responded to the questionnaire. General data on the collection were then requested: full title of international organization (or its special body, regional commission, specialized agency, or info~ation system) whose documentation the library receives; starting year of the collection; languages of the collection; mode of obtaining the collection (through federal or republic bodies or independently); whether the library keeps a copy of an agreement that confirms a particular status of the collection; whether the collection is partial or full in comparison with overall production of the international organization; whether the library acquires documentation from the international organization by purchase (subscription), exchange or as a gift; and the definition of a status of the library towards the international organization (depository library, large collection, in-put or contact centre, etc.).

The next group of indicators classified independent variables for the AVAILABILI~ of international documentation in Yugoslav libraries. The first category, VITALITY of the collection, is a term created for the purpose of this research to point out the process of acquisition and the promptness in receiving documentation. To get an insight into the vitality of the collection, the following indicators were surveyed: is the library keeping a record of the number of received items; is documentation received continuously, and if not what are the reasons; is the library informed about the kind of documentation it is entitled to receive (in accord with its status towards the international organization); how is a library checking a receipt of documentation (by using published checklists, catalogues or indexes of international organizations, or according to the distribution lists received from international organizations, or through some other bibliographic source, or the library does not check a receipt of documentation at all); does the library encounter problems in acquiring documentation and if it does, to describe them; how long is required to receive an item from the international organization that is supplied by automatic distribution

Documentation in Yugosiav libraries 299

(deposits or standing orders); and what length of time is needed to receive a claimed item (if claimed at all) from an inte~ational organization? The last two questions were meant mainly for the Guide.

The next category examined was the OPENNESS of the library or of the international documentation collection in the library. For that category, the following indicators were chosen: whether the collection was open to the public or to only a part of it (researchers, or researchers with special permission, and there was also a possibility for a longer narrative response); whether there were any limitations on lending documentation items to individual users living in the same town where the library is located, and if so, to state them; and the same question was posed for interlibrary lending.

The third and the fourth independent variables are INTEGRATION of the collection into the main collection of the library and ACCESS to the collection. A preliminary hypothesis formulated was that it is important to keep inte~ational documentation as a physically separated entity in the library. Such a practice is sometimes suggested by an international organization [lo], despite results of research that reveal a better solution, at least for large international documentation collections in Yugoslavia. For the latter variable, libraries with documentation or a specific part of it kept on open-access shelves were hoped to be identified.

The indicator for INTEGRATION is: is the international documentation collection physically incorporated into the main collection of the library as a whole, as a separate collection, or some other solution? ACCESS to the collection was examined through the following questions: is the entire collection placed on open-access bookshelves, or is only a portion of the collection on open-access shelves and the rest in the main store, or is the whole collection kept in the main store? If a part of a collection is on open-access, the library was asked to specify the type of documentation that is kept there in order to suggest the value that the library staff attaches to a particular part of the collection. Finally, reasons were asked regarding why international documentation is treated in the stated manner.

It was assumed that the most descriptive categories for evaluation of AVAILABILITY are methods of PROCESSING documentation and the closely related category of the professional characteristics of the LIBRARIANS or INFORMATION SPECIALISTS that look after the collection.

The first group of indicators for PROCESSING was oriented towards systems or rules for processing documentation. It was asked whether documentation is catalogued, classified, or analyzed according to subject or if the library uses the processing system recommended by the United Nations for its collections. It was ultimately left to librarians to specify by what procedures the documentation is processed.

The second group of indicators served to show, from another angle, how seriously international documentation is treated in the library. These were determined by the following questions: how does the library interpolate data on international documentation in its main catalogues - in whole, partly, or not at all; is the library keeping a separate catalogue for publications and documents of international organizations; does the library staff utilize catalogues or indexes published by international organizations as finding tools for searching documentation - as the only means, as the auxiliary tool, or not at all; do they consider the existing processing system in the library satisfactory for users’ requirements; what time span is needed to process documentation and make it available to users; do users look through catalogues and indexes by themselves or do they always ask for a librarian’s help (evidently, a good catalogue or index does not demand particular help from the library staff)?

The third group of indicators analyzed the status of the LIBRARIAN or INFORMA-

TION SPECIALIST who works with intemational documentation in the library. Only two kinds of data were asked here: is there a person in the library who exclusively works with documentation; and what are the qualifications of that person. In the second question few variations were suggested, that is, is the person working with international documentation qualified according to Yugoslav standards (faculty grade and specialization in librarianship, or faculty for librarianship grade), or has he/she a higher university degree (M. Sci. or Ph.D) in library or information science, or in any other academic discipline but adequate to the subject of the collection in which they are in charge?

To explain the USE of intemational documentation as the second independent variable, related indicators were divided into two sections. The first section displays the INTEN- SITY OF USE of documentation according to specific USERS GROUPS and according to the best known TYPES OF DOCUMENTATION.

INTENSITY OF USE of international documentation is graded from the lowest to the highest degree for the USERS coming from: the production sector; state administration circles; and university or research institutes. Use by the general public was not evaluated because only international documentation utilized as a source for research work was investigated. The USE of secondary publications, statistics, other publications (monographs and periodicals) and documents as the most common TYPES OF DOCUMENTA- TION is ranked in the same manner.

The second section defines indicators for INFORMATION FACTORS or “a care for the user” variable. These indicators were sorted and evaluated in a range from very simple ways to accomplish users’ demands to more complex processes of informing a demanding researcher: copying service, microfiche and microfilm readers, exhibitions, lectures, guided tours, accession lists, guides and other publications, current awareness, and SD1 and computerized data bases. Then a question was posed concerning the amount of cooperation with other libraries that keep international documentation collections as well as with the national libraries of the six Yugoslav republics and the two autonomous provinces that are to maintain central catalogues of all the foreign books and periodicals located in the libraries in their territory, concerning international documentation as well. The meaning of this part of the “information factors” section was twofold: to identify the most influential libraries in the international documentation domain, and to see whether data on international documentation are kept in national central catalogues and thus to locate new libraries for inclusion into the research.

The next indicator queried the libraries concerning their cooperation with international organizations besides the correspondence concerning acquisition. It was expected that libraries would reply if they used international organizations information systems, especially computerized data bases, and if they consulted international organizations on the organization and presentation of documentation. The answers were not explicitly suggested.

The last indicator, also a control question for the whole section, is on users and collections statistics. Since there had already been 46 questions in the questionnaire that no library was obliged to answer, it was presumed that if precise figures on percentages were asked on users’ and collection statistics, a response rate would be very low. If most libraries had answered that they kept such status - which, in fact, did not happen - an additional questionnaire was to be sent to the libraries. Each library that answered the questionnaire was later contacted by telephone or during the interview and asked to estimate the size of the collection and the annual increase in the number of titles. Never-

Documentation in Yugoslav libraries

Table 1. General Data on Collection

301

1. Language

2. Obtaining the

collection

3. Possession of

an agreement

4. Completeness of

the collection

5. Expenses

6. Form of the Deposit 92

collection Other 38

English 127

Russian 9

French 87

Other 8

Through government

bodies Independently

68

Yes

No

Full

Partial

62

70

61

10

120

Purchase-Subscription

Postage

Exchange

Free

2

0 127

theless, these cannot be used as hard data, although it helped, together with the number of collections in each library, to get an impression of the library queried.

Results and conclusions

It was difftcult to decide on the representative number of relevant indicators, (i.e., questions in the questionnaire) to be sent to the libraries that were already known to have collections of international documentation or that were discovered during the research. It was presumed that differences among libraries might be great, and the purpose of the large number of questions was to make the distinctions clear. This particular choice of indicators was justified by the diversity of a relatively small number of libraries; a pilot test on an even smaller sample was not feasible.

The questionnaire was sent to 32 libraries with 25 responding. The results of this research are presented in the following sections. Although incomplete, they provide the first glimpse into the state of availability and use of international documentation as a source for research work in Yugoslav libraries. Simultaneously, sufficient data were collected for compilation of the Guide, where all distinctions among libraries are presented in detail.

General data

Circumstances under which Yugoslavia receives international documentation are favor- able. There are 130 deposits and large or exclusive collections in 25 libraries that receive documentation almost without exception regularly, continuously and free of charge. However, some collections are not always necessarily duplicated.

Almost all deposits and other collections are partial with regard to the publishing production of international organizations. English is the language of most of the collections. In most libraries documentation is not doubled but the library has changed its choice of language. The most frequent form of collections is deposits. Only in two cases do libraries pay for postage expenses and in one case a library pays for the subscription. Half of the

302 i. BARS&

Table 2. Vitality of the Collections (by Libraries)

1. Acquisition record Yes NO

2. Continuity of acquisition Yes No

3. Do librarians know what the library is entitled to receive

Yes No

4. Checking the receipt Using international organizations’ bibliographic sources

Using international organizations’ distributions lists Other possibilities No checking

5. Acquisition problems Yes No

20 5

19 6

17 8

14

4

5

6

8 1.5

collections are obtained through government bodies, another half through independent arrangements. For about half of the collections, libraries maintain an agreement confirm- ing a particular status with a specific international organization, for another half libraries cannot trace it.

Through this survey, the types of documentation, starting year of the collection, and possibilities for using the collection are registered. All of the evidence indicates that Yugoslavia has large and historic collections in good, formal condition for use. However, the possibilities revealed through the replies from the libraries have not yet been suffi- ciently exploited.

AVAILABILITY

The VITALITY of the collection variable is the one factor that best contributes to the presumptions about inadequate availability of international documentation in Yugoslav libraries. Twenty (out of 25) libraries keep a record of the number of received items. Although 19 libraries receive documentation continuously, receipt is, of course, heavily dependent on the supplier - inte~ational organizations. The other indicators concerning

Table 3. Openness of the Library

1. Admission General public 21 Researchers 1 Researchers with 2 special permission Other 1

2. Loan to an Yes 12 individual Yes - with restrictions 9

No 4

3. Interlibrary loan Yes 11 Yes - with restrictions 12 No 2


Table 4. Access to and Integration of International Documentation into the Library

1. Access Open access 8

Closed access 10 Combination 6

2. Integration Into the main collection 12

Separate 10

Combination 3

completeness of collection and acquisition process are not so positive. Eight libraries do not know what they are to receive from international organizations, six libraries do not check a receipt of publications through any bibliographic source, and eight do not claim missing items. Fifteen libraries have declared that they have no problems with acquisition of international documentation, through direct contacts in interviews the situation turned out to be quite different; librarians are so burdened with processing work that they cannot spare time to do routine activities such as claiming. For this reason, respondents may have indicated no acquisition problems. It is most obvious with libraries that keep one-to-two collections only that there is no special librarian employed to look after the international documentation collection. This also appears to be the case in instances where the international documentation is incorporated into the main collection of the library.

Table 5. Processing of International Documentation in Yugoslav Libraries

1. Catalogues

2. Interpolation of

international documentation into main catalogues

Complete

Partial

No

3. Separate catalogue

for international

documentation

Yes

No

12

3

10

13 12

4. Utilization of finding As the only means 1 tools published by As the auxiliary tool 13 international organization No 10

5. Processing system meets users’ requirements (librarians’

opinion)

Yes 23 No 2

6. Processing time Up to 7 days

Up to 30 days Over 30 days

14

9

2

14

11

7. Librarians assisting users

in searching international

documentation through library

catalogues

Alphabetic

[ISBD(M), ISBD(S)]

Subject

Systematic

NJDCI By UN Instructions

16

20

I101 8

Yes

No

304 i. BARSIe

Table 6. Librarian or Information Specialist

1. Special person in Yes 11

charge of inter- No 13

national documentation

2. Qualifications Average 12

Specialization 9

The OPENNESS of collection variable produced the following results. Almost all libraries (21) are open for all types of users, which is in conformity with the depository status of the majority of the libraries that are obliged to make public the depository documentation. The great majority of libraries loan documentation to individual users (21) and allow interlibrary loan (23) with few restrictions - most frequently reference material or statistics. Included here are two INDOC centres that do not loan, but photocopy articles and documents requested by users. The balance of the libraries complained that although loan and interlibrary loan are institutionalized in their libraries, they cannot meet users’ demands because they are understaffed. Also ISIP - International Permanent Exhibition of Publications, being an exhibition, does not perform loan and interlibrary loan functions.

The ACCESS to international documentation collection variable again presented great varieties of library infrastructure. All respondents praised the open-access model, at least for the most important parts of their documentation. Eleven libraries have that opportunity, six keep reference literature in the open-access part of the library, and 10 do not have that opportunity. Moreover, some of these 10 were hard-pressed to find any space for new items.

Results on INTEGRATION of the international documentation collection of a library variable introduced an idea - supported also by the results of the “processing” variable - of how to cope with a large bulk of documentation in the National and Uni- versity Library in Zagreb and what to suggest to libraries in a similar position. Ten

Table 7. Intensity of Use of International Documentation (by User Groups and Types of Documentation)

Intensity of Use

High Medium Low No

1. User group Production 2 13 7 2

sector

State 1 11 8 4

administration

University and 11 11 I 0

research institutes

2. Types of Secondary 5 9 9 1 documentation publications

Statistics 10 7 3 1

Other 12 9 0 0

publications

Documents 7 7 5 1


libraries separate the inte~ational documentation collection from the main collection Twelve libraries incorporate all documentation into the main collection. The remaining three libraries with collection and user profiles similar to the National and University Library in Zagreb keep part of their international documentation - mostly documents - as a separate collection and utilize a simplified processing routine. The most valuable parts of the documentation, predominantly statistics and secondary (reference) literature are integrated into the main collection and consequently processed according to accepted international rules - ISBD(M), ISBD(S), etcetera, unique for Yugoslav libraries.

The first group of indicators for the PROCESSING variable relates to a variety of entries to the international documentation collections and rules or standards for processing it. Eighteen institutions have alphabetic catalogues for international documentation; 20 classify documen~tion and 16 prepare entries for subject catalogues. For preparation of entries for an alphabetic catalogue, ISBD(M) and ISBD(S) are used in 14 libraries and UDC is used in 10 libraries as a classification tool. Only 10 libraries cite rules applied for subject analysis and eight libraries use the processing system recommended for the United Nations documentation.

The second group of indicators serves as a control group of questions for the first group of questions on “processing” and for other previous indicators. Twelve libraries responded that documentation is incorporated into the main catalogue, corresponding to the “integration” indicator. Thirteen libraries keep separate catalogues for international documentation. Also, 13 libraries use international organizations catalogues (indexes, etc.) as auxiliary tools for documentation search. This is consistent also with the “vitality” indicator that describes types of checking a receipt of documentation in a particular library. The 23 libraries that consider their systems of processing international documentation adequate to their users’ requirements could also be explained by a relatively low intensity of user demands. Fourteen libraries process documentation and make it available to users in less than seven days, nine libraries require almost 30 days. The two remaining libraries require almost six months for processing documentation due to the problems with computer processing. The last indicator explains how really useful catalogues prepared in libraries are, or whether users need any help from the librarian to find a certain document. Since 14 libraries replied that users ask for a librarian’s assistance, it could indicate a

problem with the complicated bibliographic control of the material and consequently a difficult search. It also, however, may be an indication of insufficient catalogues.

The data on the LIBRARIAN or INFORMATION SPECIALIST who is in charge of international organizations documentation produced the following results. About one-half of the libraries have at least one full-time worker appointed to the international documentation collection, corresponding approximately to the size of library collections - that is, libraries with one or two collections usually do not have a special person to look after documentation. A similar conclusion could be drawn from the results on the qualifications of the international documentation staff. Half of the qualified specialists work with large collections, although differences are significant. For instance, a recently created World Health Organization collection in Belgrade is headed by an individual who has a Ph.D. in the medical sciences and a Masters degree in Library Science. In addition, all of the individuals employed in the INDOK Center for the Protection and Promotion of Human Environment in Zagreb have an M. Sci. or Ph.D. in ecology or information science, while some other specialized centres employ librarians with less than average quali~cations. Almost all respondents complained about the deficiencies of clerical staff, rather than overall staff qualifications. For this reason, the above information was included in the conclusions, although it was not explicitly asked about in the questionnaire.

306 i. BARSIC

USE

As to the USE of the international documentation variable, research has shown that researchers coming from university and research institutes are the most numerous USER GROUP, and that statistics and other primary publications besides documents as TYPES of international documentation are the most frequently used DOCUMENTATION.

The USE of international documentation reflected through INFORMATION FAC- TORS produced results that are not encouraging. Although libraries are supplied with technical equipment, active information on international documentation - SDI, current awareness services, etcetera - are far less prevalent than traditional accession lists or exhibitions. Only 11 libraries cooperate with other libraries that keep international documentation collections, but the cooperation usually deals with only organizational questions. The most consulted library is the United Nations Information Centre in Belgrade. This means that libraries are not acquainted with the holdings of other international documentation collections. The publication of the Guide is thus quite justified. Seven libraries actively communicate with international organizations whose publications they receive. Most cited is the cooperation on common programmes. This cooperation certainly benefits users because valuable and most recently issued publications usually lend support to such projects. Cooperation on common programmes is followed by active participation in information systems of international organizations. That includes in-put procedures for Yugoslav data for computerized databanks and searches of international organizations’ databanks on user’s request. Seven responding libraries for this indicator are really a very small number, because international organizations display numerous possibilities for entering into their own and the world’s literature through their computerized databases.

In conclusion, the presumption that international documentation is a comparatively little known source of information for research work in Yugoslavia and consequently on the margins of librarians professional interest is partly correct, judging by the variables of

Table 8. Information Factors

1. Copying service

2. Microfiche and microfilm readers

3. Exhibitions, lectures, guided tours

4. Accession lists, guides and other

publications 5. SDI, current awareness, library

database retrieval

6. Library cooperation concerning

international documentation 7. Active communication with

international organization - on common

programmes

22

II

14

6

4

11

3

- in-put for 2

databanks

8. Users and acquisition

statistics

- literature search 2

through international

organjzations’

databanks

10


AVAILABILITY and USE. The data also showed a great variety in the development stage of library and information inf~st~cture in the country. Therefore, only some cau- tious generalizations were presented in the interpretation of the results. Nevertheless, knowing that international documentation is in most cases received in Yugoslavia promptly, continuously, and free of charge, and is of sufficient quality that it can be substituted for better-known sources of information and fill some basic information gaps in research materials, it is clear that this material should be better utilized. It is especially important nowadays, when budgetary restrictions on the acquisition of foreign books and periodicals due to the overall economic policy of the country have weakened the trans- mission of scholarly literature from abroad. In order to improve the availability and use of international documentation, the libraries with international documentation collections should coordinate their activities. Moreover, the main intention should be to place international documentation collections in well-equipped specialized libraries where their value is appreciated, or in large university libraries, financially well-supported and consequently better organized. In this respect, the results of this study and an additional analysis have already been used by the Yugoslav Commission for UNESCO and the Association of Yugoslav National Libraries,

NOTES 1. Sinisa, MariCie, “SveuEiliSne biblioteke u bibliotecno-informacijskom &emu: model iz Nacionalne i

sveuEiliSne biblioteke u Zagrebu,” Vjesnik bibliorekara Hrvutske 24 f 1979-1980): 131-149. 2. United Nations, Directory of United Nafions Information Systems. (New York: United Nations, 1980). 3. United Nations, Directory of United Nations Databases and Information Systems. (New York: United

Nations, 1984). 4. Kenneth D. Bailey, Methods of Social Research, (New York: The Free Press, 1978). 5. Miroslav Vujevie, Uvodenje II ~znanstveni rad u podruEju druStvenih tnanosti, (Zagreb: Informator, 1983). 6. Eve Johansson, “The Definition of Offtciai Publications,” IFLA Journul 8 (1982): 282-290. 7. Ibid, pp. 393-396. 8. Luciana Marulli, “Documentation of the United Nations System: Results of a Survey, and Consequent

Recommendations,” Libry 3 1 (1981): 205-226. 9. Luciana Marulli, Documentation of the United Nations System, (Metuchen NJ: The Scarecrow Press, 1979).

10. United Nations. Secretariat, Instructions for Deposiroty Libraries Receiving United Nutions Muterial. (New York: United Nations, 1981).

LIST OF LIBRARIES WITH INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTATION COLLECTIONS

1. “Matica srpska” Library (Bibhoteka Matice srpske) UI. Matice srpske 1 21000 Novi Sad Tel. (021) 616-618 Contact person: Mirjana StojkoviC FAO, UNESCO

3.

2. Central National Library of the Socialist Republic of Monte Negro Durde CrnojeviC”

4.

(Centralna narodna biblioteka SR Crne Gore Durde “CrnojeviC”) NjegoSeva 110 86000 Cetinje Tel. (086) 21-143 Contact person: cedomir DraSkoviC IFLA, UNESCO

Central AgriculturaI Library, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences (Centralna poljoprivredna knjiinica, Fakultet poljoprivrednih znanosti) Simunska cesta 25 4 1000 Zagreb Tel. (041) 216-777 Contact person: Zvonimir PuSkaS Ph.D. FAO

1NDOC - Center for the Protection and Jmprovement of Environment, Referral Cen- ter of the University of Zagreb (INDOK - centar za zastitu i unapredenje eovjekove okohne, Referalni centar Sveu~ili~ta u Zagrebu) Trg ma&ala Tita 3 41000 Zagreb

308 i. BARSIC

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Tel. (041) 420-629

Contact person: Nenad Prelog Ph.D.

UNEP

United Nations Information Center

(for Albanija and Yugoslavia)

(Informacioni centar Ujedinjenih nacija)

(za Albaniju i Jugoslaviju)

Svetozara Markovica 58

11001 Beograd

Tel. (011) 642-655, 642-399

Telex: 11393 YU UNBEL

Contact person: Vesna Svabic

ECA, ECE, ECLA, ESCAP, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, IMO, ITU,

UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO,

UNPU, WHO, WIPO

Institute for the Work Safety

Documentation “Eduard KardeIj”,

Documentation Centre

(Institut za dokumentaciju zastite na radu

“Edvard KardeIj”, Centar za dokumen-

taciju)

Visegradska 33

18000 NiS

Tel. (018) 332-600, 333-823, 338-974,

334-244

Telex: 16284 YU INSDOK

Contact person: Ljiljana Jovanovic

ILO-CIS, WHO

Institute for International Politics

and Economics, International Organizations Documentation

(Institut za medunarodnu politiku i privredu,

Dokumentacija medunarodnih organizacija)

Makedonska 25

11000 Beograd

Tel. (011) 321-433

Contact person: Gordana Jovanovic

Council of Europe, ECA, ECE, ECLA,

EEC, ESCAP, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD,

ILO, IMF, OECD, UN, UNCTAD, UNIDO

Institute for Developing Countries, INDOK

(Institut za zemlje u razvoju, INDOK)

Ul. 8 Maja 1945. 82

41000 Zagreb Tel. (041) 444-522

Telex: 222 73 Contact person: Dolores Libanore

IBRD. UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNIDO

International Center for Public Enterprises in Developing Countries, Information and

Library Service

Titova 104

61109 Ljubljana

Tel. (061) 346-361

Telex: 31400 YUICPE Contact person: Matjai Musek

10

11

12

13.

14.

UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO,

UNIDO

ISIP - International Permanent Exhibition

of Publications,

Referral Centre of the University of Zagreb

(ISIP - Internacionalna stalna izloiba publikacija, Referalni centar Sveufilista u Zagrebu Trg MarSala Tita 3

41000 Zagreb

Tel. (041) 420-630

Contact person: Ivan Bauer Ph.D.

Council of Europe, European Communities/

Commission of the European Communities.

FAO, IMF, OECD, UN, UNESCO

Yugoslav Center for Technical and Scientific

Documentation (Jugoslavenski centar za tehnicku i naucnu

dokumentaciju-JCTND)

Slobodana Penezica - Krcuna 29-31

11000 Beograd

Tel. (011) 644-259, 646028

Telex: 12497 YU JCTND

Contact person: Vesna Arsenijevic

UNESCO - ISORID, UNIDO

National and University Library,

Information Resource Center for

International Studies

(Nacionalna i sveucilisna biblioteka, Informacijska baza za medunarodne studije)

Marulicev trg 2 1

41000 Zagreb

Tel. (041) 446322

Telex: 22 206 YU BICH

Contact person: Zaneta BarSiC M. Sci.

ADB, Council of Europe, ECE, ECA,

ECLA, EFTA, EIB, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD,

IFLA, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNCTAD:

GATT, UNESCO, UNESCO -

INFOTERM, UNIDO

National and University Library of the Socialist

Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Narodna i univerzitetska biblioteka SR BiH)

Obala 42

71000 Sarajevo

Tel. (071) 537-202 Contact person: BiIjana Serdic

UNESCO

National and University Library

(Narodna in univerzitetna knjiinica-NUK)

TurjaSka 1 61000 Ljubljana

Tel. (061) 213-052

Contact person: SIavka Lokar

UNESCO


15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Law Faculty of the University of Zagreb, Library

(Pravni fakultet SveuEiliSta u Zagrebu, Biblioteka)

Trg MarSala Tita 14

41000 Zagreb

Tel. (041) 272-411, 272-912

Contact person: Brdnko Tomecak

Council of Europe, ECA, ECE, ECLA, ECSC,

EEC, ESCAP, European Communities/Court of

Justice, GATT, IAEA, ILO, IMO, League of Na- 21 tions, UN, United Nations/International Court of

Justice

Law Faculty of University of Belgrade, Institute for

International Studies, International organizations

Documentation

(Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Institut za

medunarodne studije, Dokumentacija medunarod-

nih organizacija)

Bulevar revolucije 67

11000 Beograd 22

Tel. (011) 341-501

Contact person: Demeter Zunkovic

Council of Europe, EEC, FAO, IBRD, ILO, IMF,

IMO, International Red Cross, League of Nations,

OECD, UN, UNESCO

Federal Hydrometheorological Institute

(Savezni hidrometeoroloski zavod)

Bircaninova 6

11000 Beograd

Tel. (011) 646-555

Telex: 12937

Contact person: Stana PeSiC

WMO

23.

Federal Institute for the Health Care, 24.

Library with Medical Documentation

(Savezni zavod za zdravstvenu zastitu, Biblioteka

s medicinskom dokumentacijom)

Slobodana Penezica-Krcuna 35

11000 Beograd,

Tel. (011) 6&066

Contact person: Branko Kneievic Ph.D.

WHO, WHO/EURO

Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia,

International Documentation Department

(SkupStina SFRJ, Odeljenje inostrane

dokumentacije)

Trg Marxa i Engelsa 13

11000 Beograd

Tel. (011) 33%651

Contact person: Olga Popovic-Kalember M. Sci. EFTA, European Communities/European Parliament,

IPU, OECD, UN

Specialized Centre for Road Information

Processing,

25.

Referral Centre of the University of Zagreb

(Specijalizirani centar za prometnice,

Referalni centar SveuEiliSta u Zagrebu)

Trg Marsala Tita 3

41000 Zagreb

Tel. (041) 426629

Contact person: Maksimilijan Vukelic M. Sci.

OECD-IRRD

School of Public Health “Andrija Stampar” Faculty

of Medicine, Library

(Skola narodnog zdravlja “Andrija Stampar”

Medicinski fakultet. biblioteka)

Rockefellerova 4

41000 Zagreb

Tel. (041) 271-465

Contact person: Marina Teuber

WHO

University Library “Demal Bijedic”

(Univerzitetska biblioteka “Demal Bijedic”)

Lenjinovo SetaliSte 3

79000 Mostar Tel. (088) 22-752

Contact person: Hatidia Tolic-GoloS

UN, UNESCO

University Library “Svetozar Markovic”

(Univerzitetska biblioteka “Svetozar Markovic”)

Bulevar revolucije 71

11000 Beograd

Tel. (011) 333-288

Contact person: Danica Filipovit

IBWM, UNESCO

Joint UNIDO - Yugoslavia Center for

International Cooperation in Development of

Agro - industries of the Developing Countries, Documentation. (Zajednicki UNIDO - Jugoslavija centar za

medunarodnu suradnju u razvoju

agro - industrije u zemljama u razvoju, Dokumentacija)

Bulevar MarSala Tita 6

21000 Novi Sad

Tel. (021) 2&850, 20-972

Telex: YU KOPRO 14194

Contact person: Bosiljka Jelaca

ECE, FAO, UNCTAD, UNIDO

ZIT-CEMA Center for Marketing Research,

Library and Documentation ‘ZIT-CEMA Zavod za triisna

straiivanja, Biblioteka i Jokumentacija) Milana Makanca 16

11000 Zagreb

Tel (041) 41&299, 410-710, 447-240

Telex: 21-294

zontact person: Lahorica Jandrokovic ESOMAR, UNCTAD: GATT