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The Austral Realm. Jennifer Reaves Fall 2013 GEOG 200. Two regions within the Austral Realm. Australia New Zealand. Australia . Location of Australia. In between the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean Consists of: 7,617,930 sq. km of land 68,920 sq. km of water - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Austral RealmJennifer Reaves
Fall 2013GEOG 200
Two regions within the Austral Realm Australia New Zealand
Australia
Location of Australia In between the Indian Ocean and South Pacific
Ocean Consists of:
7,617,930 sq. km of land 68,920 sq. km of water 25,760 km of coastline
Slightly smaller than the United States
Climate of Australia
temperate in south and southeast
tropical in north Desert in the middle Subtropical in the
southwest and east
Regions within Australia
Western Australia Northern Territory Queensland New South Wales Victoria South Australia
The Shield in Australia
Also called the Great Western Plateau Covers 2/3 of the Continent Averages about 300 meters about sea level Consists mainly of granite and basalt rock
materials
The Highlands in Australia Mountains that run along the east and
southeast coast line About 2,400 miles long Highest peak names Mt. Kosciusko,
7,316 ft. high Covered in forests called Eucalyptus Southern parts are popular winter
resorts due to the : Australian Alps, Blue Mountains, and the New
England Rage
Eastern Highlands
Australian Alps
Natural resources in Australia
Bauxite
Coal (most of Australia's coal is located here)
Gold Copper Tin Oil Natural Gasses Iron ore
Silver Uranium Nickel Tungsten Mineral sands Lead Zinc Diamonds Petroleum
Population in Australia
22.68 million people in 2012 More than 11,400,000 males More than 11,500,000 females 76% of population were actually born there Other 24% are immigrants
Population Density-2.47 people per sq. km.
Accounts for other 24 percent of immigration from other places:
UK AND IRELAND: 6.35% NEW ZEALAND:1.7% ITALY: 1.32% CHINA: .95% VIETNAM: 0.91% YOUGOSLAVIA: 0.82% GREECE: 0.71% GERMANY: 0.65% AMERICA: 0.59% PHILLIPINES: 0.56% NETHERLANDS: 0.51% MALAYSIA- 0.48% INDIA- 0.46% SOUTH AFRICA- 0.36% OTHER EUROPEAN- 4.28% OTHER ASIAIN- 2.63%
Age ranges in Australia
0-14 years 21.6% 15-24 years 14.5% 25-44 years 30.8% 45-64 years 21% 65 and older 12.1%
Population by Christian religion:
Roman Catholic 27.0 Anglican 22.0 Uniting Church 7.5 Presbyterian & Reformed 3.8 Orthadox 2.8 Baptist 1.7 Lutheran 1.4 Pentacostal 1.0 Jehovah's Witness 0.5 Church of Christ 0.4 Salvation army 0.4 Other 2.4
Population by Non-Christian religion:
Islamic 1.1 Buddhist 1.1 Jewish 0.4 Hindu 0.4 Other 0.4 No religion 16.6 Not stated 9.1
Ethnic group example within a school
Political leaders in the Parliaments in Australia
Current Australian Heads of Government & Opposition Leaders – from Oct 13, 2013
Jurisdiction PM/Premier/Chief Minister Party Since Opposition Leader Party Since
AUSTRALIA Tony Abbott Liberal 18-09-13 Bill Shorten ALP 13-10-13
Victoria Denis Napthine Liberal 06-03-13 Daniel Andrews ALP 03-12-10
New South Wales Barry O’Farrell Liberal 28-03-11 John Robertson ALP 31-03-11
Queensland Campbell Newman LNP 26-03-12 Annastacia Palaszczuk ALP 28-03-12
Tasmania Lara Giddings ALP 24-01-11 Will Hodgman Liberal 30-03-06
South Australia Jay Weatherill ALP 21-10-11 Steven Marshall Liberal 04-02-13
Western Australia Colin Barnett Liberal 23-09-08 Mark McGowan ALP 23-01-12
Northern Territory Adam Giles Country Liberal 14-03-13 Delia Lawrie ALP 28-08-12
Australian Capital Territory Katy Gallagher ALP 16-05-11 Jeremy Hanson Liberal 11-02-13
Economy of Australia
Depends primarily on exporting their resources Tourism contributes to 5% Consistent economic growth Low unemployment rates Driven by
China and India. Increasing living standards However, both
are slowing down which is not good for
Australia. Because of resources coming to a limited supply, economy will
have to depend on manufacturing, retail, and tourism.
Health issues caused by insect bites: Common diseases transmitted by mosquitos
Ross River arthritis-like symptoms Barmah Forest virus Kunjin virus -> causes headaches and fever. Murray Valley encephalitis -> cause permanent neurological lesions or even lead to death. Dengue fever (endempic) -> fever, headache, muscle as well as joint pain, nausea and, in
severe cases, hemorrhagic manifestations
HIGHLY ADVISED TO TAKE STRICT PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT BUG BITES.
Health issues caused from food, water, or through the environment: Cancer- sun and heat Melioidosis- caused from bacteria in mud and water
Flu-like symptoms Leptospirosis- bacteria in food, water, and soil when massive flooding
happens Symptoms include: fever, headache, nausea and sometimes even death
Health issues related to contact between people: HIV and AIDS
In 2010 1,031 new cases among men and women of ages 13 and older
Many other sexually transmitted diseases are skyrocketing
New Zealand
Location of New Zealand In Oceania Continent Between Tasman Sea and Pacific Ocean Neighboring countries are:
Australia Fiji Tonga Norfolk Island
North island has about 44,281 sq mi South Island has about 58,093 sq mi Other inhabited islands include: Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and
Great Barrier Island The Uninhabited outlying islands are the: Auckland Islands, Campbell Island,
the Antipodes Islands, and the Kermadec Islands
Which totals out to be about 103,734 sq mi.
Climate in New Zealand
Warm subtropical in far north Cool temperatures in far south Severe alpine conditions in the mountainous areas West coast of the south island is wettest East of the mountains is the driest North and central areas of New Zealand more rain in winter than
summer Southern part is just the opposite- rain in the summer Coldest month is July and warmest is January High amounts of Sun light –averaging 2,000 hours annually
Rainfall
Temperature1*C = 33.8*F
Sunshine
15 major regions in the north island Northland Auckland Coromandel Bay of Plenty Waikato Rotorua Eastland Taupo Ruapehu Taranaki Hawke’s Bay Wanganui Manawatu Wairarapa Wellington
10 Regions in south island
Nelson Marlborough West Coast Christchurch-Canterbury Dunedin- Coastal Otago Lake Wanaka Queenstown Central Otago Fiordland Southland
Natural resources in New Zealand natural gas iron ore Sand Coal Timber Hydropower Gold limestone
Population in New Zealand
4,488,708 people in 2013 Population Density- 16.2 per sq. km.
Population and Immigration in New
ZealandFormer nationality persons PercentUnited Kingdom 20,478 16.6India 19,217 15.6Philippines 9,090 7.4China 8,979 7.3South Africa 7,900 6.4New Zealand 3,794 3.1Sri Lanka 2,746 2.2Iraq 2,739 2.2Vietnam 2,568 2.1Pakistan 2,100 1.7Other 43,827 35.5Total 123,438 100.0
Male and Female percentages of ages
Population by Christian religion
Christianity most common Anglican- 22% Presbyterian-16% Roman Catholic- 15%
Population by non Christian religion
Non-religious people and Athiests-21% Judaism, Buddhism, Islam account for the rest.
Ethnicity in New Zealand
European- 56.8% Asian- 8% Maori- 7.4% Pacific islander- 4.6% Mixed- 9.7% Other- 13.5%
Political leaders Governor Gen. Jeremiah MATEPARAE Prime Min. John Phillip KEY Dep. Prime Min. Simon William ENGLISH Min. for the Accident Compensation Corporation Judith COLLINS Min. for Arts, Culture, & Heritage Christopher FINLAYSON Min. of Broadcasting Craig FOSS Min. for Building & Construction Maurice Donald WILLIAMSON Min. for Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Gerry BROWNLEE Min. of Civil Defense Chris TREMAIN Min. for Climate Change Issues Timothy John GROSER Min. of Commerce Craig FOSS Min. for Communications & Information Technology Amy ADAMS Min. for the Community & Voluntary Sector Jo GOODHEW Min. of Conservation Kate WILKINSON Min. of Consumer Affairs Simon BRIDGES Min. of Corrections Anne TOLLEY Min. for Courts Chester BORROWS Min. of Customs Maurice Donald WILLIAMSON Min. of Defense Jonathan David COLEMAN
Political leaders cont. Dr. Min. for Disability Issues Tarianna
TURIA Min. for Economic Development
Steven JOYCE Min. of Education Hekia PARATA Min. of Energy & Resources Phil
HEATLEY Min. for the Environment Amy
ADAMS Min. for Ethnic Affairs Judith
COLLINS Min. of Finance Simon William
ENGLISH Min. for Food Safety Kate
WILKINSON Min. of Foreign Affairs Murray Stuart
MCCULLY Min. of Health Tony RYALL Min. of Housing Phil HEATLEY Min. of Science & InnovationSteven
JOYCE
Min. of Immigration Nathan GUY Min. of Internal Affairs Chris TREMAIN Min. of Justice Judith COLLINS Min. of
Labor Kate WILKINSON Min. for Land Information Maurice
Donald WILLIAMSON Min. of Local Govt. David CARTER Min. of Maori Affairs Pita SHARPLES Min. of Pacific Island Affairs Hekia
PARATA Min. of Police Anne TOLLEY Min. for Primary Industries David
CARTER Min. for Racing Nathan GUY Min. for Regulatory Reform John
BANKS Min. of Revenue Peter DUNNE Min. Responsible for Whanau Ora
Tariana TURIA
Political leaders cont. Min. for Senior Citizens Jo
GOODHEW Min. for Small Business John
BANKS Min. for Social Development
Paula BENNETT Min. of Sport & Recreation
Murray Stuart MCCULLY Min. of State Services Jonathan
David COLEMAN, Dr. Min. for State-Owned
Enterprises Tony RYALL Min. of Statistics Maurice
Donald WILLIAMSON Min. for Tertiary Education, Skills, &
Employment Steven JOYCE
Min. of Tourism John Phillip KEY Min. of Trade Timothy John
GROSER Min. of Transport Gerry
BROWNLEE Min. for Treaty of Waitangi
Negotiations Christopher FINLAYSON
Min. of Veterans Affairs Nathan GUY
Min. of Women's Affairs Jo GOODHEW
Min. of Youth Affairs Paula BENNETT
Attorney Gen. Christopher FINLAYSON
Governor, Reserve Bank of New Zealand Alan Esmond BOLLARD
Ambassador to the US Michael Kenneth MOORE
Permanent Representative to the UN, New York James Kenneth MCLAY
Economy of New Zealand
Trading, manufacturing, farming, exports, and tourism makes New Zealand successful
Health issues in New Zealand Antibiotic resistance Cancer programme Cardiovascular disease Diabetes E. sakazakii Hepatitis C HIV and AIDS Influenza Measles Meningococcal Notifiable diseases Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Obesity Rheumatic fever Tuberculosis Yellow fever
THE END