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T h e Art is t 's P ro jec t Sourcebook Second E d i t i o n
Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg London New York Oxford Paris San Diego
San Francisco Singapore Sydney Tokyo
ELSEVER Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier
Introduction ix
Who This Book Is for and How It's Different ix
The 3D Environment and Workflow J
Using This Book xi
Acknowledgments xiv
Credits and Contributions xiv
1 The Dynamic Dozen Working with Parametric Primitives
The Galaxy Ball
The Barometer Cone
Color Drops
The Bubbling Teardrop
The DNA Spinner
The Starlight Lantern
The Cosmic Receiver
Pandora's Box
Easy and Breezy
The Gyro
The Firefly Lantern
The Color Barrel
A Line and a Pole
2 Under The Hood Mechanics 101
A Petunia
Creating a Center
Using Set Selection
Repositioning an Object Axis
Using Axis Center
Creating and Repairing Polygonal Surfaces 50
P Is for Pipe 5 9
Splines: Your Invisible Friends 63
3 NURBS Modeling Tools The PeephoIe Box: Extrude NURBS
Box Top Decoration: Loft NURBS
Curly Glass Tubes: The Sweep NURBS
Antique Lightbulbs: Lathe NURBS
The Stage Curtain: The Bezier NURBS
Putting It All Together: The Peephole Box
4 Deformers and Other Modeling Helpers Lively Props: Bend and Twist Deformers
A Lump in the Pipe: Bulge Deformer
Broken Glass: The Shatter Deformer
Flag on the Play: Wind and Shear Deformers
Boom! Explosion Deformation
Roll the Dice! Boolean Operations
A String of Dice: The Arrange and Randomize Functions
Great Green Gobs: The Metaball Object
5 Materials i n Depth A Texture Totem: Exploring Materials
Editing Volume Shaders
Using a Movie as a Material
Animating Materials
6 Better Under Lights The Virtual Studio: Three Point Lighting
Changing the Type of Light
Turn up the Volume
Throwing Shadows with Gobos
Blinking Puffs of Light
Editing Multiple Lights
Animating Light Position
Painting with Light
7 Animation ABCs A Is for Airplane Hat: Working out Timing
Working with Custom Tangents
Animating the Propeller
Anticipatory Hops
Squash and Stretch
B Is for Batty Box: Combining Time Curves and PLA
C Is for Crown
8 Head Shots 151
Building a Head with the Symmetry Object 151
9 Creating and Rigging a Character Building a Character 171
Introducing MOCCA 176
Character Shortcuts 185
Multiple Versions and States of Characters 190
Doing Your Character Homework 190
Animating a Character 4 Animating the Joint Rig
Animating FK
Animation IK
. :ameras in Control Looking through a Camera
Animating a Camera on a Spline Path 213
A More Complex Camera Movement 214
Focal Length 215
Animating a Camera on a Helix Spline Path 215
Using Depth of Field 21 7 .-r .. . Virtual Lens and Filter Effects , *
218
:' Switching Cameras in CINEMA 4D 219 k - , A Critical Distinction 219
Using Film Offset
Looking through Other Objects
-32 The Art Of-Rendering Investigating Render Settings - - Artistic Rendering Effects
:1
13 Added Attractions Locating Plugins and Modules
Commercial Plugins
Freeware
Modules
14 A ~ o Z t of Xpresso What Is Xpresso?
Xpresso: Basic Anatomy
The Sticking Place
Stop Right There!
What Else Can Be Done with Xpresso?
15 Environment, Mood, and Magic The Interior Environment
The World Outside: Skies, Backgrounds and Cycloramas
The Outdoor Environment
Here Comes the Glitz
The Importance of Music and Sound
220 16 Bodypaint 30: the Artist's Connection Getting to Know BodyPaint
Painting a Simple Model
Making a Weathered Sign
Painting a Head with BodyPaint
17 CINEMA 4D and Friends Helper Applications: An Overview
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Illustrator and Freehand
Pixologic Zbrush
Core1 Painter and Synthetik Studio Artist
Sources and Software for Splines
Sound Solutions
To the Web with You, C4D!
Organizing Libraries
For Teachers
Hardware Friends
18 Tips on Type The Basics of Text Splines
And Now, Some Creative Text Messaging
Type Forms: Finishing Touches and Creative Play
Animated Type Effects
Using the MoGraph Text Object
19 Creating Elements for Motion Graphics The Rich 3D Space
Using The After Effects Plugin
MoGraph Magic!
290 20 The Creative Leap 29 1
Finding Your Voice as an Artist 293
The Holistic Artist 294
Optimize Your Creative Time
Become an Art Historian
Cultivate Efficient and Healthy Work Habits
Take Advantage of the New Exhibition Paradigm
Storyboards, Thought Charts, Animatics
3D as a Day Job
Index
What's on the DVD
i A Add Circle Object, 301 Add Light Object, 122 Add-the-Sea, 234, 259, 261 Adobe After Effects
multi-pass rendering, 322 rendering single elements for
compositing, 329 Render Settings, 323
Adobe Illustrator complex splines, 282 decorative elements for textures,
284 repetitive patterns, 284-285 tech graphics, 283-284 text on paths, 300 trace, 288 vector art for importing, 281
Adobe ImageReady, 291 Adobe Photoshop
edge creation for Alpha Channel, 303
overview, 281 plugins for BodyPaint 3D, 277
Advanced Render, 264 Airplane hat, 136-145 Alcove door, 252 Alpha Channel, 20, 109-1 10, 115,
224-225, 227-228, 303 Animatics, 342 Animation. See also Motion graphics
anticipatory hops, 142-143 1 cameras
following moving object, 21 7 213
helix spline path, 215-217 spline path, 213
characters. See Character animation custom tangents, 138-141 definition, 135 deletion, 88 easing, 140 F-curves, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 facial expressions, 167-1 69 light position, 132-133 materials, 118-120
pipeline, X-xi point level animation, 56-5 7,
147, 167-168,206 Position Keys, 137-139 principles, 142, 204 random twists, 36-37 squash and stretch, 143-145 Sweep NURBS, 79 text, 298, 302-303, 308-309 working view adjustment, 144
Animation Palette, 10-11, 13, 56, 100 Animation Layout, 33 Antialiasing, 222 Apply Tool, 34, 44 Arm movement, 199-200 Array Object, 5, 315 Art history, 340-341 Atom Array, 25-26, 29, 302, 319-320 Attributes Manager, 2, 14, 19, 44, 46,
81,88,296 Auto-Switch Mode, 5 7 Automatic Keyframing, 200-201 Axis Center, 49
B Backdrop, 25 7-258 Background, 257 Banji shader, 12, 14, 22, 29, 1 1 7 Barometer cone, 11-12, 47-50 Batch Rendering, 11 7 Batty box, 146-148 Bend, 86,298 Bezier NURBS, 74, 81-83 Bezier Spline Tool, 66 Bind, 180 BodyPaint 3D
head painting, 274-278 lettering, 273-274 mask creation, 272-273 projection painting, 274, 276, 278 setup wizard, 268, 275 tips, 277 tools, 268-271
Boolean operations, 93-4 / Bridge tool, 60-61 Brush, 162
Brush Presets, 270-271 Bryce, 259 Bubbling teardrop, 14-16 Bulge, 88-89 Bump, 67, 106-107, 110, 112, 11
268-269, 271, 276
C CA. See Character animation Cactus Dan's Character plugins,
236 Cameras
animation following moving object, 21 7 helix spline path, 215-21 7 spline path, 213
audience perspective, 207 complex movements, 124 Depth of Field, 217-218 Film Offset, 220 focal length, 215 looking through objects, 220
moving versus zooming, 2 19-220
null object placement, 217 object creation, 208 plugins, 237 switching, 219 target camera, 21 2-2 13 view set up, 209-21 1 virtual lens and filter effects, 218
Caps, 73 Capsule, 21 Careers, 342-343 Cel Rendering, 226 Chamfer tool, 69-70 Character animation (CA)
arm movement, 199-200 Automatic Keyframing, 200-201 character design for movement,
173-1 74 character forms, 171-1 72 clothing, 188-190 development tips, 190-194 F-curves, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 forward kinematics, 175, 196-197,
201-202 head, 198-199 inverse kinematics, 175, 182-185,
202-204 MOCCA tools. See MOCCA tools multiple characters, 190 planning timing and motion, 206 plugins, 236 point level animation, 56-57, 147,
167-168,206 PoseMixer, 168-1 69, 187-1 88,
204-205 rigging preparation, 174-1 75 skeleton fitting in another character,
185-187 upper body, 197-198
Checkerboard, 25 Cheen shader, 12 Chin, 164 Circle, 72, 78 Circle spline, 326 Clockworks, 315-3 18 Cloner object, 316-31 7, 324,
327-328
Clothilde, 188-190 Clothing, 188-190 Clouds, 64-66 Clown collar, 109-1 10 C.O.F.F.E.E., 241 Color, 25 Color barrel, 33-37 Color drops, 12-14 Color palette, 271 Color Parameter Page, 7 Color randomization, 325-326 Colors tab, 268-269, 276 Cone, 11, 14 Connect, 53, 60 Content Browser, 18, 292 Coordinates Manager, 4 Coordinates panel, 9-1 1, 23, 28 Copying
joints, 180 materials, 5 objects, 5
Core1 Painter, 287 Cosmic receiver, 21-23 Create Polygon, 50 Creativity
art history studies, 340-341 character development, 192-194 holistic art, 338, 340 library of digital details, 338 objective versus subjective
treatments, 334 physics, 333 scrapbooking, 336-337 sketching, 333 storyboarding, 342 textures, 336 thinking outside the box, 332-333 time optimization, 340 voice finding, 33 1-332 work habits, 341
Crown of stars, 148-150 Crumple, 259 Cube, 23,93, 106,167 Curly glass tube, 76-79 Current Frame, 223 Current State to Object, 306 Cyclorama, 258 Cylinder, 3, 16-17, 19, 29, 33, 37
D Dane1 shader, 22, 11 7 Deformers
basics, 87 Bend, 86 Bulge, 88-89 Explosion, 91-93 hierarchy, 87 Shatter, 89-90 Shear, 91 Twist, 85 Wind, 90-91
Depth of Field, 21 7-218 Deselecting, 44 Dials, 283 Dice, 93-98,245-246 Disc, 40 Display, 98 DiTools 1.5, 231-232 DNA spinner, 16-18 Doors, 252 Duplicate, 21, 24, 28, 34
E Ear, 157-159 Ease-in, 140 Ease-out, 140 Easy and breezy, 25-28 Easy ease, 140 Emitter, 263-264 Environment. See Interior environment;
Outdoor environment Explosion, 91-93 Extrude Inner, 45-46, 62 Extrude NURBS, 72-74, 297, 299-300,
305,321 Eye, 154-157, 166-167
F Fake facade, 110 False facade, 258 Fast Fur, 237 F-curve, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 Field rendering, 224 File format, 223-224 Fillet Cap, 73 Film Offset, 220 Final Cut Pro, 288, 291
Find and Replace plugin, 230 Fire, 265-266 Firefly lantern, 29-33 Fisheye lens, 218 Fit to Object, 106 Fizz, 239 FK. See Forward kinematics Flag, 90-91 Flash Ex, 290 Floor, 247 Floor Object, 259 Floral garland, 252 Flower Spline, 68-69 Focal length, 215 Foreground, 25 7 Forward kinematics (FK), 175,
196-197,201-202 Frame, 223-224 Frame Active Object, 67, 74 Frame rate, 224 Frame Scene, 21 Freeware, 238 Fur. See Hair fusionThing, 233
G Galaxy Ball, 3-1 1 GarageBand, 288-289 Garland, 252 Gauges, 283 Glass palladian, 11 1 Glitter, 112, 114 GO~OS, 128-129 Gold, 1 14-1 15 Gradient, 17, 20 Grass, 262 Grouping, 5, 21 Grunge, 114, 336 Grungy wood, 105-106 Gyro, 28-29
H Hair
adding, 169-1 70 plugins, 237
Hand animation, 187-188 Hand charm, 117 Hand Controller, 183-184, 202
Hardware, digital artist, 294, 334 HDRI rendering, 228 Head
animation, 198-199 animation of expressions, 167-169 chin, 164 ear, 157-159 eye, 154-157, 166-167 hair, 169-1 70 mouth, 163-165 neck, 166 nose, 153-154 painting in Bodypaint 3D,
274-278 shape and shaping, 151-153,
159-163 teeth, 167 templates, 15 7 views, 156
Head Controller, 184, 202 HELIX, 230 Helix, 77 Help, 49 High dynamic range imaging.
See HDRI rendering, 228 Holistic thinking, xi, 338, 340 Hotkeys. See Shortcuts HyperNURBS, 40, 43, 59, 61, 74, 81,
162,251 Hypno TV, 38, 11 7-1 18
I Icon Palette, 3 IK. See Inverse kinematics Image map, 104-105 Importing
files, 15 splines, 70
Interactive Render Region, 27, 225 Interior environment
architectural details, 252-253 basic structure, 250 large environments, 25 1 light mixing, 253-254 remodeling, 25 1
Inverse kinematics (IK), 175, 182-185, 202-204
iView, 293
I Jenna, 239 Joints
binding independent parts, 181 mesh, 180-181 Weight tool, 181-182
copying, 180, 184 creation, 176-, 185179 naming, 179 rotating, 196-198
K Knife, 54-55, 58-59 Knife Cube, 59
L Landscapes, 258-259 Lathe NURBS, 74, 79-80 Layer Shader, 107 Library organization, 291-293, 338 Lightbulb, 66-67, 79-80, 129-131 Lighting
animating light position, 132-133
appropriate lighting features, 125 blinking puffs, 129-131 editing multiple light, 131-132 MAIN to FILL ratio, 122 mixing in interior space, 253-254 painting with light, 133-134 plugins, 237 shadow throwing, 128-129 three point lighting, 121-124 tips, 126 type changing, 124, 126 volumetric light, 126-128
Light mine, 131-132 Light painting, 133-134 Light Palette, 22 Line and a pole, 37-38 Littleface, 112 Live Selection Tool, 43 Lock Detail, 24 Loco, 239 Loft NURBS, 74-76,302 Loop Selection, 44 Luminance Parameter Page, 7
M Macintosh, xii Macromedia Freehand, 281, 285 Magnet tool, 56 Main Camera, 209 Make Object Editable, 40 Managers, 2 Mask, 272-273 Material Editor, 6-7, 13-14, 17,
19-20,22,26, 46, 103, 107 Materials
animation, 118-120 copying, 5 managing, 108 movie as material, 11 7-1 18 multiple materials on text, 299 paper, 30 placement on cloners, 327-328 placing and adjusting, 113 plugins, 237 shader editing, 11 7 texture error avoidance, 108
Materials Manager, 6-7, 12-14, 20, 22, 25, 27, 35, 101
Matrix Exude, 44 MAXON module, 238 Merge, 15 Metaball Object, 98-100, 260-261, 302 Mirror, 180, 184 MOCCA tools
Clothilde, 188-190 joints, 176-181
Modeling modes, 57-58 Model Tool, 4, 19, 95 Modules. See also specific modules
locating, 230 types, 238-240
MoGraph clockworks, 3 16-3 18 color randomization, 325-326 material placement on cloners,
327-328 Shader Effector, 325 Target Effector, 325 Text object, 309-312 text swarming, 324-325 Tracer, 326
Motion Blur, 225-226 Motion graphics
centroid, 3 18-3 19 clockworks, 3 16-3 18 design and flow principles, 3 14 rendering single elements for
compositing, 329 text swarming, 324-325 text wrapping, 320-321
Mouse, three-button, xii Mouth, 163-165 Move, 8-9 Move handles, 38 Move tool, 4, 13, 19, 40, 99 Moving curtain, 56-5 7 Multibrushes, 273, 276 Multi Channel Mode, 269 Multicolor magic, 116 Multi-Pass rendering, 226-227, 322 Multiple Spline Attach, 230 Music, 148, 266
N N.O.T.A., 232 Nature Spirit, 236, 262 Navigation, three-dimensional, 23 Neck, 166 New Material, 46, 106, 114 Nodes, 242-244 Nonuniform rational B-splines.
See NURBS Nose, 153-154 Nukei shader, 29 NURBS
Bezier NURBS, 74, 81-83 Extrude NURBS, 72-74 Lathe NURBS, 74, 79-80 Loft NURBS, 74-76 Sweep NURBS, 74, 76-79 text, 297,299-302, 305,
308-309 tool overview, 74
0 Object axis
repositioning, 47 tool, 47
Object Coordinate System, 76 Object Manager, 2, 6, 15-16, 29, 32,
46, 73, 93 Object Motion Blur, 225 Object Tool, 4, 9 Objects
copying, 5 manipulation, 9 renaming, 3
OmniDazzle, 293-294 OnyxGARDEN Suite, 233,262 Orbit handle, 242-244 Outdoor environment
backdrops, 257-258 backgrounds and foregrounds, 257 cyclorama, 258 false facades, 258 grass, 262 helper applications, 259, 262 landscapes, 258-259 rain and snow, 262-264 skies, 254-257 smoke and fire, 265-266 trees, 261-262 water, 259-261
Ozone, 234, 259
P Pandora's box, 23-25 Paper, 30 Paper crowns, 115-116 Parametric primitive, 1 Path, 224 Path Deformer, 230, 238 PC, xii Peephole box, 71-84 Petunia, 40-46 P for pipe, 59-63,88-89,98-100 PhyTools, 236, 261 Picture Viewer, 225 Pixie dust, 264-265 Pixologic Zbrush, 286 Plane, 52, 297 Platonic, 25 Plugins. See also specific plugins
commercial plugins character animation, 236
complex geometry generators, 230-233
dynamics simulation, 236 hair and fur, 237 materials, lighting, and cameras,
23 7 nature, 233-236 utility and modeling, 230
Freeware, 238 installation, 229 locating, 230 old plugins, 239
Point level animation, 56-57, 147, 167-168,206
Points tool, 55, 60-61, 245 Pole vector, 183 Polygons
creation, 50 manipulation, 43-44, 46 number requirements and move-
ment effects, 51-52 stitching, 52-53
PoseMixer, 168-169, 187-188, 204-205
Position Keys, 137-139 Postprocessing, 279-280 Primitives. See also specific primitives
editable primitives, 39-40 icon, 3 parametric, 1 splines, 67-68
Projection Painting, 274, 276, 278 Propeller, animation, 141-143 Prosthetics, 191 Push and pull trick, 55-56 Pyramid Prop, 85-87 PyroCluster, 265
Q Quicktime
formats, 224 VR movie rendering, 228 Web publishing, 290
R Rain, 262-264 RealFlow, 236, 261
Rectangular Selection Tool, 43, 151-152
Reflection, 111, 115 Render
Alpha Channel creation, 227-228 Effects tab, 225-227 General tab, 222 Interactive Render Region, 27, 225 Output tab, 223-224 Quicktime VR movie rendering, 228 Save tab, 224-225 settings shortcut, 221
Resolution, 223 Retro Robot, 70 Revert to Saved, 47 Rigging. See Character animation Rotate, 8 Rust, 272
S Scale, 8, 62 Scene Camera, 209 Scene Motion Blur, 226 Scrapbooking, 336-337 Selection, 44 Sequins, 112 Set Point Value, 303 Set Selection, 44 Shader Effector, 325 Shaders, 12, 14, 17, 22, 29, 31, 102,
104, 117,260 Shadows, 128-129 Shatter, 89-90 Shave and a Haircut, 237 Shear, 91 Shortcuts
animation, 10 BodyPaint 3D, 270 Bridge tool, 60 deselecting, 44 Extrude Inner, 45 joint creation, 176 knifing, 54 Make Object Editable, 40 Move, 8 push and pull trick, 55 Render settings, 221
Rotate, 8 Scale, 8 skeleton fitting in another character,
185-187 Timeline window, 88
Show Axis, 41 Simple Turbulence, 11 1, 114 Sketch and Toon, 238-239 Sketching, creative process, 333 Skies
Sky Object, 256-257 Sky Preset, 254-255
Slice panel, 24 Smoke, 265-266 Smooth, 162-163 Snow, 262-264 Soft interpolation, 65 Soft Selection, 162 Sound effects, 148, 266 Soundtrack, 289 Specular Color, 11 1, 11 5 SpeeDisplay, 230 Sphere, 5, 12, 16-17, 29, 37, 43, 91, 93 S pline
Bezier Spline Tool, 66 camera animation
helix spline path, 215-217 spline path, 213
Chamfer tool, 69-70 circle, 72, 78 cloud-shaped, 64-66 Flower Spline, 68-69 helix, 77 importing, 70 interior environment, 250 library, 70 lightbulb, 66-67, 79-80 nonuniform rational B-splines.
See NURBS point adding, 67 primitives, 67-68 sources and software, 288 text splines, 295-297,300-303
Spline Object, 64 Stage curtains, 81-83 Star, 67-68, 112 Starlight lantern, 18-21