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Muhammad and Islam• Muhammad, the Prophet, 570- 632 CE in Mecca
• Qur’an (sometimes spelled Koran), was revealed to Muhammad in approximately 23 years between 610-632 CE
• In 622 CE Muhammad fled Mecca with his followers and went to Medina, a desert oasis This event the Hegira marks the beginning of the
• His followers returned and conquered Mecca in 630• By Muhammad’s death the Arabian tribes were united and
had joined Islam
Islam
Islam and Muslim come from words meaning submission to the will of Allah (God)
Islam is emphatically monotheisticFive pillars of Islam1 The testimony2. Daily prayer3 Fasting during Ramadan4 Almsgiving 5 A pilgrimage to Mecca HadjAlso observance of moral code in the Qur’an
Jerusalem, Western Wall, wall of the foundation of the second Temple 19 B.C.E.Dome of the Rock, Haram el Sharif, late 7th century
Jerusalem, Western Wall, wall of the foundation of the second Temple 19 B.C.E.Dome of the Rock, Haram el Sharif, late 7th century
Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, Israel, plan and reconstruction of the Constantinian church, ca. 325
Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain begun 786, Umayyad, Caliphate
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, late 7th century, Umayyad Caliphate
Qu’ran which has blood (purportedly Uthman’s) on its pages
Mihrab niche which identifies the qibla wall (direction of Mecca and the Kaa’ba), Great Mosque at Cordoba, 965
Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain begun 786, Umayyad, Caliphate
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, late 7th century, Umayyad Caliphate