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The American Revolution 1775-1783. The Combatants. British Advantages. Army of Regulars Top Navy in the world 30,000 Hessian – German mercenaries 50,000 Tories – American loyalist Large industrial base Money and Supplies. American Advantages. 3,000 miles of ocean - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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THE A
MERICAN
REVOLUTI
ON
1775-1783
THE COMBATANTS
BRITISH ADVANTAGES
Army of Regulars
Top Navy in the world
30,000 Hessian – German mercenaries
50,000 Tories – American loyalist
Large industrial base
Money and Supplies
AMERICAN ADVANTAGES
3,000 miles of ocean
Home field advantage (defensive war)
Fighting for independence – Desire to be FREE
Leadership (Washington)
Possible French assistance
Guerilla tactics – shoot and run
April 19, 1775
First military engagement of the Revolution
Unclear start to a revolution
“The shot heard round the world”
LEXINGTON AND CONCORD
LEXINGTON
FIRST BATTLEWHERE EIGHTCOLONISTS ARE KILLED BY BRITISH SOLDIERS ON THEIR WAY TO CONCORD TO TAKE A COLONIAL MILITARY SUPPLY DEPOT
CONCORD
LOCATION OF THE COLONIAL MILITARY SUPPLY DEPOT THAT THE BRITISH TRIEDTO CAPTURE. LED TO THE CALLING OF THE 2ND CONTINENTAL CONGRESSOlive Branch PetitionRejected by England
North Bridge
THE SHOT HEARD ROUND THE WORLD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6ikO6LMxF4
BREED’S HILL/ BUNKER HILL
June 17, 1775
British driven from Massachusetts (siege ends)
England ‘wins’ but loses ½ its men
Bloodiest battle of the war
British realize the scope of the revolution
BATTLE OF TRENTON
December 26, 1776Washington crossed the Delaware river during the winter Defeated the Hessiansthe American victory boosted Patriot morale
BATTLE OF SARATOGA
September 19 and October 7, 1777
Turning Point
American victory
French have confidence to support Patriots with supplies
Franco-American Alliance of 1778
COST OF WAR
During the war, the British navy blockaded, or cut off from outside contact, the Atlantic Coast, which severely disrupted American trade.
Necessities were scarce. A few colonists took advantage of these shortages by profiteering, or selling scarce items at unreasonably high prices. Washington suggested that profiteers should be hanged.
Even when goods were available, it was not always possible to buy them. Inflation, a steady increase in prices over time, reduced people’s ability to buy goods. In Massachusetts, for example, the price of a bushel of corn rose from less than $1 in 1777 to almost $80 in 1779.
VALLEY FORGE
December 19, 1777 – June 1, 1778
Low point for Continental Army
Suffered through the winter without food or supplies
3,000 soldiers die from starvation and disease
One of the biggest problems facing Washington and his troops was a lack of food and clothing.
YORKTOWN
October 19, 1781
Last major battle
Cornwallis cornered between land and sea
French and American army surround
TREATY OF PARISSeptember 3,
1783
Ends the American Revolution
Acknowledging the United States to be free, sovereign and independent states
American boundary: all the land from New England to the Mississippi River and north to the Great Lakes.
MAP OF BATTLES
REVERBERATIONS
The spread of the idea of liberty and equality
Influence the French Revolution