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The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/
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Africa Media Review, Vol. 3, No. 3,1989
© African Council on Communication Education
Book Review
Contemporary Issues in Mass Media for Development andNational Security, Edited by Ralph A. Akinfeleye.Published in 1988 by Unimedia Publishing Limited, Price 30.
This is a collection of articles, three of which were read at theInternational Communication Conference at the University ofMaiduguri, Nigeria, in 1987. It is divided into six sections,namely, mass media and national security, communicationpolicy and national development, media education perspect-ive, communication law, ethics and responsibility, inter-national communication and, finally, culture and technology.
In section one dealing with mass media and national security,Inspector General Mohammadu Gambo, examines the limita-tions of the mass media in dealing with crime and suggestssome solutions; Emmanuel Akpan suggests that televisionprogrammers should ensure that their programmes do not ex-plicitly or implicitly abet crime; while Ikenna Nzimiro arguesthat for Nigeria to join the technological age, its leadershipmust first fully acknowledge the importance of informationand education.
In the chapter on communication policy and national develop-ment, Ralph Akinfeleye calls for the restructuring,harmonizing, and rationalization of communication channelsand instruments so as to make them reflect the developmentalneeds and modes of Nigeria. And in another article titled 'Masscommunication Education and Human Resources in Nigeria:Problems and Prospects', he cites inadequate teachingstaff accommodation and text books, as well as large classes,outdated communication infrastructure, and poor salariesamong the major problems plaguing media training in Nigeria.
110
John C. Merrill discusses the history of academic developmentof international communication. He traces the changes thathave taken place since the 1950s when international commu-nication was introduced into college and university curriculaand acknowledges that although much has been achieved,there still remains much room for its teaching at the under-graduate level. In a second article titled 'Three Theories of thePress, Responsibility and the Advantages of Pluralistic Indivi-dualism', he argues that responsibility of the press as indivi-dually defined within the U.S. system is the only one which is inreal accord with American social values and goals.
Prince Tony Momoh, Nigeria's Minister of Information, discu-sses Nigeria's press laws from 1909—1984, while IkennaNzimiro addresses the issue of government press relations. Hesubmits that the press should avoid sycophants and purgeitself of praise-mongers, flatterers and opportunists. A U.S.diplomat, Bruce Koch, examines the right to know under theU.S. Constitution and submits that it is the duty of Americangovernments to protect the people's access to information andits dissemination.
Professor Merrill has a third article, this time in the chapterdealing with international communication. He acknowledgesthe positive developments that have proceeded from dialogueson New World Information and Communication Order(NWICO). Patricia Sharpe, an American journalist, vigorouslydefends Western coverage of Third World events, saying that itis not any more biased or negative than its coverage of theWestern world.
In a comparative analysis of media-government relations inNigeria, the U.S.A. and Britain, Ikechukwu Nwosu finds that inall the three countries, the government—media relations arenot perfect. However, the relations are better in the U.S.A.,followed by Britain and then Nigeria.
Komia Domatob traces the development of international enter-tainment and discusses the falacy of free flow of informationand its rammifications for Third World situations. In an articletitled 'Freedom and Authority in International Journalism',
111
Professor John Merrill says that universally journalisticfreedom comes in three forms: sate freedom, press freedom,and individual freedom. Des Wilson makes a strong case fortraditional communication systems whose role, he says, isunassailable in the effort to achieve national cohesion.
Yemi Daramola, in a critical analysis of corporate advertisingin Nigeria, underscores the importance of acquiring accuratedata on audiences, harnessing research, and organizing confe-rences, seminars, symposia and workshops to up-date know-ledge and skills in the field. He also suggests the allocation ofmore funds to advertising agencies as a strategy for improvingthe trade.
Finally, Emmanuel Akpan, in another article on traditionaltheatre, makes a case for devising ways of retaining televisionaudiences and attracting new ones. He says that moderni-zation of traditional theatre through a mass communicationapproach demands understanding of the grammar and syntaxof the modern media and preparing theatrical programmesaccordingly.
A major flaw of this book are the numerous typographicalerrors which could have been easily avoided through meticu-lous proof-reading. Besides, some sentences are too long.Curiously, chapter six which should have been on the role ofcommunication in social change discusses something elsemedia education:
Nonetheless, this book addresses an important theme. Thecontributions by individual authors constitute significant addi-tions to the literature on major communication issues. Beingacknowledged authorities in their subject areas, the appear-ance of these authors within one cover gives this publicationthe pride of place in the library of students and scholars ofmass communication and development.
Jerry Komla Domatob,Department of Mass Communication,University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.
112
Africa Media Review Vol. 3 No. 3.1989
© African Council on Communication Education
Cumulative IndexVolume 1—3(1986—1989)
Compiled by Rahab Qatura*
Author Index
Author TitleVol.
(IssueNo.)
Year Page
ALOO, Charles
ADELUGBA, Dapo
ANSAH, Paul A.V.
ARTHUR, Atexina
Development of Telecom-munications Infrastructurein Afr ica: Network Evolution, Present Status andFuture Development.
Wole Soyinka's 'Blues for a 3(2)Prodigal': A Review.
In Search of a Role for theAfrican Media in the Demo-cratic Process
2(3) 1988 19—34
1989 6 7 - 7 5
2(2) 1988 1 - 1 6
Family Planning Communi-cation and the AfricanWomen's Liberation: AGhana Case Study
2(1) 1987 38—51
AYODELE, Olumuyiwa African Print Media Misuse 2(2) 1988 92—109of the English DefiniteArticle 'The': A ContentAnalysis of Seven NigerianNewspapers' Lead Items.
AYODELE, Olumuyiwa Objectivity, Sycophancy 3(1) 1988106—120and the Media Reality inNigeria.
* Mrs. Rahab Gatura is the documentaiist at the ACCE/ICDR Headquarters,
Nairobi, Kenya.
113
Author TitleVol.
(Issue YearNo.)
Page
BADEJO, Rotimi B.
BLAKE, Ceclal A.
BOAFO, Kwame S.T.
BOAFO, Kwame S.T.
BOAFO, Kwame S.T.
BOSOMPRA, Kwadwo
BOSOMPRA, Kwadwo
BOSOMPRA, Kwadwo
CHIMUTENGWENDE,Chen C.
Multi l ingualism In Sub-Saharan Africa
C o m m u n i c a t i o nDevelopment in Africa andIts Impact on Cultural Syn-chronization of Africa andits People.
F o r m u l a t i n gComprehensive NationalCommunication Policy forDevelopment in AfricanCountries: A Framework
Democratizing MediaSystems in AfricanSocieties: The Case ofGhana
3(2) 1989 40—53
2(2) 1988 17-28
1(1) 1986 35-47
2(1) 1987 24-51
Journalism Profession and 2(3)Training In Sub-SaharanAfrica: A Case Study
1988 56-74
Communication for RuralDevelopment In Africa: ASelected Bibliography.
1(1) 1986 116-122
Sources of Health 1(2) 1987 120-133Information Among RuralDwellers In Africa: A CaseStudy of Two GhanainVillages
African News In the World 3(3) 1989 58—69Press: A Comparativecontent Analysis of a Northand a South Newspaper
The Role of Communication 2(2) 1988 29—45In the Development andDemocratization of AfricanSociety
114
Author TitleVol.
(Issue Year PageNo.)
DOMATOB, Jerry K.
DOMATOB, Jerry K.
DOMATOB, Jerry K.
EOEANI, David O.
EDEANI, David O.
EMENYEONU,Bernard N.
ENAHORO, Augustine-Ufua
Communication Training for 2(1) 1887 9—23Self-Reliance in BlackAfrica:Africa: Challenges and Stra-tegies.
Sub-Saharan Africa's Media 3(1) 1988 149—174and Neocolonialism
Book Review 3(3) 1989 110—112
Compelling Impacts of the 1(1) 1986 20—34Telephone, Literacy andother Related Factors onthe Development of MassCommunication Media.
Value Orientations In Press 2(2) 1988 65—84Coverage of a NationalMobilization Campaign
Communication and Adop- 1(2) 1987 105—119tion of Agricultural Innova-tions: Qualifications andNotes Towards a Concep-tual Model.
Towards a Philosophy of 3(1) 1988 134—148African Cinema
ENAHORO, Augustine-Ufua
Film Makers and Film 3(3)Making in Nigeria: Problemsand Prospects
1989 98-109
EYOH, Hansel N. Theatre, Television and 1(3)Development: A Case forthe Third World
1987 49—55
EYOH, Hansel N. Theatre and Community 1(3)Education: The AfricanExperience
1986 5 6 - e
115
Author
GATURA Rahab
ISOBA, John CO.
Title
Cummulative Index1986—1989)
Social Marketing as
Vol.(Issue
No.)
3(3)
a 1(3)Strategy forC o m m u n i c a t i n gAgricultural InnovationsRural Development
In
Year
1989
1986
Page
113—121
66-7J
JAMES, Sybil L.
JAMES, Sybil L.
KAMUHANDA, Sethi
KANDAKAI, D.E.S.
HUGUES, Kone
LEE, Miles
LOBULU, William
MALAMAH THOMAS,David, H.
Preparing Agencies toReceive Media Messageson Rural Development
A Critical Appraisal of theCommunication Gap In theLiberation Struggle
The Role of the Mass Mediain the Implementation ofTanzania's Foreign Policy:Reality and Prospects
The Role of Research inDevelopment Communi-cation at the Liberlan RuralCommunications Network.
Democratiation des Medias,Democratic par less Mediaune Imperieuse Necesslte
Theatre for Development
American Reader'sInterests In News AboutAfrica: A Preliminary Reporton a Case Study of theWashington MetropolitanArea.
Theatre Development inSierra Leone: A Study ofCare's Project Learn.
1(1) 1986 7 9 - 8 8
2(1) 1987 1 - 8
3(3) 1989 2 5 - 3 8
3(1) 1988 64—82
2(2) 1988 100—114
1(3) 1987 6 9 - 8 0
2(3) 1988 135—151
1(3) 1988 8 1 - 9 4
116
Author
M'BAYO, Richard andMWANKO, Robert N.
MIYOUNA, Ludovlc
MOEMEKA, Andrew
MOEMEKA, Andrew
MURPHY, Sharon M. andSCOTTON, James F.
MUTERE, Absalom
MWAFFISI Samwilu
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E.
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E.
NWOSU, Ikechukwu
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E.
Vol.Title (Issue
No.)
The Political Culture ofMass CommunicationResearch and the Role ofAfrican CommunicationScholars.
Text and Context inInformation Production
Mass Media and RationalDomination: A Crit icalReview of a DominantParadigm
Perspective on Develop-ment Communication.
Dependency and Journa-lism Education in the areathere Alternative Models?
An Analysis of Communica-tion Policies In Kenya.Zambia BroadcastingCorporation News: A ConteniAnalysis
Mobilizing People's Supportfor Development: AnAnalysis of Public Enlight-enment Campaigns InAfrica
Book Review
Research and Training forRural Development Commu-nication: Adopting the Trl-Modular Training andSequential ResearchModels.
Foreign Media Coverage ofAfrican Liberation Struggle:A Content Analytical CaseStudy of the Angolan Crisis.
117
3(2)
1(3)
3(1)
3(3)
1(3)
3(1)
3(3)
Kt)
KD1(2)
2(1)
Year
1989
1987
1988
1989
1987
1988
1989
1986
1986
1987
1987
Page
1-14
95—106
1—33
1—4
11—35
46-63
70-85
48—65
112-122
66-86
76-103
Author TitleVol.
(Issue YearNo.)
Page
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E.
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E.
Book Review 2(1)
Effective Reporting of Rural 2(3)Africa: Towards ImprovedStrategies and Practices.
NWOSU, Ikechukwu E. Book Review 3(1)
OBENG-Qualdoo, Isaac A Proposal for New Commu- 1(1)nlcation Research Methodo-logies in Africa
OBENG-Qualdoo, Isaac New Development-Oriented 1(2)Models of CommunicationResearch for Africa: TheCase for Focus GroupResearch In Africa.
1987 120-121
1988 35-55
1988 175—178
1986 89-98
1987 52—65
OBENG-Quaidoo, Isaac Social-Economic Factors 2(2)Affecting JournalisticExpression In Africa: TheCase of Ghana.
1988 85-99
ODUKO, Segun From Indigenous Communl- 1(3)cation to ModernTelevision: A Reflection ofPolitical Development inNigeria.
1987 1-10
OGUNADE, Dele The Mass Media Systems of 1(1)Kenya and Tanzania: AComparative Analysis.
1986 99-111
OKIGBO, Charles American CommunicationTheories and AfricanCommunication Research:Need for a Philosophy ofAfrican Communication.
1(2) 1987 18—31
118
Author
OKIGBO, Charles
OKWUDISHU, Chris
ONAH, J.O. andONYANWU, A.V.
ONYEKWERE,Evelyn CO.
Vol.Title (Issue
No.)
The Newsflow Controversy: 2(1)Professional Journalists'Evaluation of NewsImbalance.
Patterns of Ownership and 3(1)Accessibility to Informationand Media Facilities inDemocratizing the Media inNigeria.
Viewer Preference for TV 2(3)Stations and Programmes:A Pilot Study
Culture, Persuasion and the 3(2)Management of Environ-
Year
1987
1988
1988
1989
Page
104—119
121—133
1 -18
OSAKUE, John
PRATT, Cornelius B.
PRATT, Cornelius B.
SOBOWALE, Idowu
SOOLA, Dayo E.
ment Attitudes.
Domestic Financing of 2(3)Communicat ion inDeveloping Countries: APreliminary Investigation ofthe Nigerian Case.
Research Priorities for 1(2)Development In Sub-Saharan Africa: BreakingMore Communicat ionBottlenecks than Creatingthem
Responsibility and Ethical 2(2)Reasonnng in NigerianPress
Image of the World Through 2(1)the Eyes of Five NigerianNewspapers
1988 123-134
1988 32—51
A g r i c u l t u r a lCommunication and theAfrican Non-LiterateFarmer: The NigerianExperience.
2(3)
1988 46-64
1987 52—65
1988 75—91
119
TRABER, Michael
TRABER, Michael
TRABER, Michael
UCHE, Luke U.
UGBOAJAH, Frank O.
UGBOAJAH, Frank O.
UMEH, Charles C.
WARRITAY, Batllloi
WETE, Francis N.
Towards the Democratl- 2(1)zation of Public Communi-cation: A Critique of theCurrent Criteria of News.
African Communications: 3(3)Problems and Prospects.
The Stories People Tell: Are 2(2)They Part of the DemocraticProcess?
Mass Communication and 3(1)Cultural Identity: TheUnresolved Issue ofNational Soverelnty andCultural Autonomy In theWake of New Communi-cation Technologies.
Communication as Techno- 1(1)logy in African Rural Deve-lopment.
Current Debates in the Field 1(2)of Mass CommunicationResearch: An AfricanViewpoint.
The Advent and Growth of 3(2)Television Broadcasting inNigeria- Its Political andEducation Over-tones.
Communication Develop- 2(3)ment and Theatre Use inAfrica.
Mass Communication and 3(1)Development: ImpactDepends on Strategies.
1987 66—75
1989 86—97
1988 115-123
1988 83-105
1986 1-19
1987 1 -17
1989 54-66
1988 110—122
1988 34-45
120
WILSON, Des
WILSON, Des
WILSON, Des.
Organising a Television 1(3)Service for Rural Areas.
Traditional Systems of 3(1)Communication in ModernAfrican Department: AnAnalyticalAnalytical Viewpoint.
Towards a Diachronlc- 3(2)Synchronic View of FutureCommunication Policies inAfrica.
1987 36—48
1988 87—104
1989 26-38
121
Editorial Advisory Board
Prof. Paul Ansah
Dr. Cecial Blake
Prof. Cees Hamelink
Dr. Alan Hancock
Dr. Hugues Kone
Mr. Reinhard Keune
Prof. AM Mazrui
Dr. Joseph Mbindyo
Prof. R.L Nwafo Nwako
Prof. James Scotton
— School of CommunicationStudies, University of Ghana,Legon, Ghana.
— Global Learning Division, UnitedNations University, Tokyo,Japan
— Institute of Social Studies. TheHague, The Netherlands
— Division of CommunicationDevelopment and Free Flow ofInformation, UNESCO, Paris,France
CERCOM, Universite d'Abidjan,Cote d'lvoire
— Media & CommunicationsDepartment, FES, Bonn,W Germany
— Centre for Afro-American &African Studies, University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,U.S.A.
— School of Journalism, Universityof Nairobi, Kenya
Department of Mass Communi-cation Arts and Sciences,Howard University, WashingtonDC, U.S.A.
— Collegeof Journal ism,Marquette University,Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
We acknowledge the financial assistance of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation inpublishing this Issue.
122
Notes For AuthorsAfrica Media Review addresses itself to those interested incommunication development in Africa with special referenceto the impact of communication on Africa and its people.The Editorial Board welcomes well-researched, scholarlyarticles, book reviews and other contributions in all areas ofcommunication for possible publication in Africa MediaReview (AMR). Manuscripts should not exceed 8000 words(about 20 pages, including notes and references), and bookreviews should not exceed 2000 words (about 5 pages). Theyshould be typed, double-spaced on A4 white paper.Three copies of each article and review should be submitted.The first page of the manuscript should provide the title of thepaper, full name(s) of author(s), identification (position andinstitutional and/or other affiliation) and complete mailingaddress(es) of the author(s). Contributions must include anabstract of not more than 150 words.
Notes and ReferencesNotes should be numbered serially in the text with asuperscript and explained correspondingly on separate pagesplaced at the end of the manuscript. References in text shouldbear the name of the author of the article or book beingreferred to followed by year of publication in brackets. Then allreferences should be listed in alphabetical order on separatepapers at the end of the article. They should give the name ofthe author (surname first), year of publication (in brackets), titleof the book (underlined) place of publication followed by colon(:), the publisher and page numbers, if necessary. For articlereferences, the title of each article should appear in singleinverted commas followed by the underlined title of the book orjournal in which it appears, the volume number, the issuenumber and relevant page numbers. References should be asshown below:Ansah, P. (1986), 'Broadcasting and MultilingualisnV In George Wedell (ed.),Making Broadcasting Useful: The African Experience. Manchester:Manchester University Press, pp. 47—65.Kasoma, Francis P. (1986). The Press in Zambia, Lusaka: MultimediaPublications.Ugboajah, Frank O. (1986). 'Communication as Technology in African RuralDevelopment' Africa Media Review. Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1-19.
123
Quotations should be in single quotes. Quotations of six linesor more should be idented and typed single space with noquotation marks.
Title and sub-titles in the article should be in upper and lowercases.
Illustrations
All illustrations should be clearly drawn in dark ink and largeenough for printing reduction purposes. All charts, maps anddiagrams should be referred to as Fig., and should benumbered consecutively in the order in which they arepresented in the text. They should be put at the end of the textwith indications in the next as to where they would be placed.Captions to figures should be written below the drawings.
It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted tothis journal have not been published and will not be simulta-neously submitted or published elsewhere. Articles publishedin Africa Media Review may be reproduced only withpermission obtainable through the Editor. Authors will beentitled to a copy of the issue in which their manuscripts arepublished.
Opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect theviews of the editors or those of the ACCE.
Editorial Note: We regret any inconveniences caused by thechange in type face in this Issue.
124
Cover Design by Mr. Frank Odoi
Printed by Bizone LimitedP.O. 47969, NAIROBI.
Telephone: 558254/554235on behalf of the African Council on Communication Education (ACCE).
ISSN 0258—4913
_^, Published by:
•Qcce African Council on Communication Education