MTCFpublications.michigantrafficcrashfacts.org/2014/MTCFVol1.pdfThe 2014 traffic fatality count was 876, down 7.9 percent from the 2013 figure of 951. Compared with 2013, injuries

MTCFMichigan Traffic

Crash Facts

Statewide2014

MISSION STATEMENT

2014 Michigan Traffic Crash Facts—Statewide

This material was developed through a project funded by the Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning and the U.S. Department of Transportation. OHSP is committed to saving lives and reducing injuries on Michigan roads through leadership, innovation, facilitation, and program support in partnership with other public and private organizations.

statewide 2014


A summary of traffic crashes on Michigan roadways in calendar year 2014

MichiganTrafficCrashFacts.org

Produced by:

Michigan Department of State PoliceCriminal Justice Information Center-Traffic Crash Statistics(517) 241-1699Michigan.gov/cjic

Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning(517) 241-1505Michigan.gov/ohsp

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Acknowledgements


The creation of this book could not have been made possible without the dedication, planning, guidance, and knowledge of the following organizations and departments:

Criminal Justice Information Center

Fatality Analysis Reporting System

Michigan Department of State Police

Michigan Department of State

Michigan Department of Transportation

Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning

University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute

In addition, we wish to acknowledge the people working in law enforcement and public safety agencies who are responsible for gathering crash data in the field. We rely on their accurate completion of crash reports; without their attention to detail we would be unable to create, maintain, and distribute meaningful crash information.


FOREWORD


Traffic records improvement projects have been ongoing to streamline the process of data collection and processing. Current projects such as the Traffic Crash Reporting System (TCRS) Modernization and the Traffic Records Data Linkage strive to improve the quality, timeliness, and accuracy of data outputs, as well as integration of traffic records data systems.New technologies, including electronic data collection, increased error checking, quality assurance, and crash locating, are continually emerging and improving. By utilizing these technologies as they become available, the quality of Michigan’s traffic records data will continue to improve.

Please visit MichiganTrafficCrashFacts.org for easy access to crash data from 1992-2014.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


The 2014 traffic fatality count was 876, down 7.9 percent from the 2013 figure of 951. Compared with 2013, injuries were down 0.5 percent and total crashes were up 3.3 percent. These figures translated into a fatality rate of 1.01 per 100 million miles of travel, up 0.01 per-cent from 2013, and below the 10-year average of 1.09 (2005-2014).

Exposure factors in 2014 showed a decrease in vehicle miles traveled, and increases in vehicle registrations and licensed drivers. Vehicle miles traveled were down 8.4 percent to 87.1 billion, motor vehicle registrations increased 0.4 percent to 8.2 million, and the number of licensed drivers was up 0.5 percent to 7.1 million.

Seat belt use in Michigan was observed at 93.3 percent. Alcohol-involved crashes continued to present a problem and contributed to 27.5 percent of all fatal crashes. Crashes involving alcohol made up 3.1 percent of all crashes, and while 17.9 percent of all crashes resulted in injury or death, 40.3 percent of alcohol-involved crashes resulted in injury or death.

Information compiled in this report was gathered from the Michigan Traffic Crash Report forms (UD-10) submitted by local police departments, sheriff offices, and the Michigan Department of State Police. Other related information was obtained from the Departments of Transportation, State, and Community Health.

The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute produced this publication with data on file at the Michigan Department of State Police Criminal Justice Information Center as of April 14, 2015. We acknowledge, with appreciation, all involved agencies for their assistance.




MICHIGAN VEHICLE CODE


Public Act 300 of 1949

Edited by the Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning (OHSP) for discussion purposes.Editorial remarks by OHSP appear in italic print.

MCL 257.622, Amended 2003 - The driver of a motor vehicle involved in an accident that injures or kills any person, or that damages property to an apparent extent totaling $1,000.00 or more, shall immediately report that accident at the nearest or most convenient police station, or to the nearest or most convenient police officer. The officer receiving the report, or his or her commanding officer, shall immediately forward each report to the director of the Department of State Police on forms prescribed by the director of the Department of State Police (State of Michigan Traffic Crash Report, also known as the UD-10). The forms shall be completed in full by the investigating officer. The director of the Department of State Police shall analyze each report relative to the cause of the reported accident and shall prepare information compiled from reports filed under this section for public use. A copy of the report under this section . . . shall be retained for at least three years at the local police department, sheriff’s department, or local state police post making the report. (As the repository of the UD 10s submitted by all Michigan law enforcement agencies, the Department of State Police processes all UD-10s received at the Criminal Justice Information Center (CJIC). CJIC retains an electronic copy of UD-10s for 10 years plus the current processing year. Electronic databases containing information from UD-10s prior to this time period are purged.)

MCL 257.624, Amended 1980 - (1) A report required by this chapter shall not be available for use in a court action, but a report shall be for the purpose of furnishing statistical information regarding the number and cause of accidents.

(2) The Office of Highway Safety Planning (OHSP) may authorize scientific studies and research for the reduction of death, injury, and property losses. All information, records of interviews, written reports, statements, notes, memoranda, or other data collected pursuant to the scientific studies and research conducted by the state, or by other persons, agencies, or organizations authorized by OHSP shall be used solely for the purpose of medical or scientific research and shall not disclose the name or identity of a person unless the person authorizes, in writing, the use of his or her name or identity. If a subject of the research study is deceased, the executor or heir of the deceased person may authorize, in writing, the disclosure of the deceased’s name or identity. The furnishing of information to OHSP or to a representative of an authorized study or research project shall not subject a person, hospital, sanitarium, rest home, nursing home, or other person or agency furnishing the information to any action for damages or other relief. The information, records, reports, statements, notes, memoranda, or other data shall not be admissible as evidence in a court or before any other tribunal, board, agency, or person. A person participating in an authorized study or research project shall not disclose, directly or indirectly, the information so obtained except in strict conformity with the research project.


ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS


- ATV All-Terrain Vehicle - BAC Bodily Alcohol Content

(Formerly referred to as Blood Alcohol Content or Blood Alcohol Concentration.) Determination of percent by weight of ethyl alcohol in blood. Usually measured in grams per liter or grams per milliliter depending on the test used.

- CDL Commercial Driver’s LicenseA CDL is required in the United States to operate any type of vehicle with a gross weight of 26,001 lb or over.

- CJIC Criminal Justice Information CenterA division of the Michigan Department of State Police formerly known as the Central Records Division.

- CRD Child Restraint Device. Also called child safety seat or child car seat.

- DOB Date of Birth - FHWA Federal Highway Administration

A part of the United States Department of Transportation. - GDL Graduated Driver Licensing

A system used to identify different tiers of drivers. See Michigan Public Act 387 effective April 1, 1997, phasing in teenage driving privileges.

- HBD Had Been Drinking - HNBD Had Not Been Drinking - KABC Injury severity scale for traffic crash-related injuries:

• K - Fatal • A - Incapacitating • B - Non-incapacitating • C - Possible

See Glossary for definitions. - MCLS Michigan Crash Location System - MDCH Michigan Department of Community Health

(formerly Michigan Department of Public Health.) - MDOS Michigan Department of State - MDOT Michigan Department of Transportation - NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

A part of the United States Department of Transportation. - OHSP Office of Highway Safety Planning

A division of the Michigan Department of State Police. - ORV Off-Road Vehicle

ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS (continued)


- OWI Operating While IntoxicatedRefers to a person who is driving a vehicle while either under the influence of alcohol, a controlled substance, or both; OR has a BAC of .08 or greater.

- PDO Property Damage OnlyRefers to a traffic crash lacking personal injuries.

- UD-10 Form number ascribed to the Michigan Traffic Crash Report form; the official document used to report traffic crashes in Michigan.

- UMTRI University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute - USDOT United States Department of Transportation - VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled

The estimated total number of miles traveled annually by motor vehicles on Michigan trafficways.

GLOSSARY


- Access Control - Indicates the degree access to an adjoining roadway is controlled by public authority.

• No access control (unlimited access) • Full access control (ramp entry & exit only) • Other (partial access control

Note: Access is controlled by roadway configuration, not traffic control devices such as, “No Left Turn” signs, etc.

- Bicycle - A device propelled by human power upon which a person may ride, having either two or three wheels in a tandem or tricycle arrangement, all of which are over 14 inches in diameter.

- Bicyclist - An operator or passenger riding a bicycle. - Bus (Also see School Bus) - Any passenger-carrying vehicle designed to transport 18 or

more passengers, including the driver. - Crash Date - The date the crash occurred. If the date is unknown, and cannot be

reasonably estimated, use the date the crash was discovered by the complainant or the date reported. A valid date is necessary to update records of each involved driver.

- Crash Rate - The number of crashes per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. - Crash Type - A crash is typed by the first injury or damage-producing event, which may or

may not be the most serious or significant event. - Death Rate - Deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. - Driver/Operator - The person who is in actual physical control of a vehicle in transit. - Driver Condition - Apparent condition of the driver which may have contributed to

the crash. Appeared normal; had been drinking; illegal drug use; sick; fatigue; asleep; medication (prescription and over the counter medication); distracted (inside or outside of the unit); using cellular phone; unknown.

- Drug-Involved Crash - Drug use prior to the crash by a driver, pedestrian, or cyclist as reported by the police, the coroner, or other accepted authorities.

- Engineer - Engineer (railroad train) - Fatal Crash - A fatality is counted when a person dies due to injuries from a traffic crash.

Prior to 1979, deaths were counted if they occurred up to one year after the crash; in 1979 this time period was reduced to 90 days. In 1988 this was further reduced to 30 days.

- Graduated Driver Licensing - Michigan Public Act 387 effective April 1, 1997, phasing in teenage driving privileges.

- Had Been Drinking (HBD) Crash - Drinking prior to the crash by a driver, pedestrian, or cyclist as reported by the police, the coroner, or other accepted authorities. Beginning with year 2000 data, the information provided for alcohol contains data for alcohol-involved crashes only. This figure DOES NOT include the combined number for alcohol and drug involved crashes as has been reported in prior years.

- Harmful Event - A harmful event is an occurrence of injury or damage.

GLOSSARY (continued)


- Holiday - Refers to the length of the Holiday weekend period, including the hours of 6:00 PM to midnight of the day preceding the Holiday. Please refer to the table below for the time period connected to Holidays falling on a given day of the week.

- Ignition Interlock - An alcohol concentration measuring device preventing a motor vehicle from being started at any time without first determining through a deep lung sample the operator’s breath alcohol level. Michigan Vehicle Code, Sec. 257.625L (6).

- Injury Codes • K (Fatal) - Any injury resulting in death. • A (Incapacitating Injury) - Any injury, other than a fatal injury, preventing the

injured person from walking, driving or normally continuing the activities the person was capable of performing before the injury occurred.

• B (Non-Incapacitating Injury) - Any injury not incapacitating but evident to observers at the scene of the crash in which the injury occurred.

• C (Possible Injury) - Any injury reported or claimed that is not a fatal injury, incapacitating injury or non-incapacitating injury.

• O (No injury) - Person reported as not receiving bodily harm from the motor vehicle crash.

Note: Uninjured passengers are not required to be recorded by the police with the exception of a fatal crash at which point all involved parties must be listed.

- Injury Crash - Any crash involving an injury other than a fatal injury. - In Transport - Denotes the state or condition of a vehicle that is in motion or within the

portion of a way ordinarily used by similar vehicles. When applied to motor vehicles, “in transport” means in motion or on a roadway.

Inclusions: Motor vehicle in traffic on a highway; driverless motor vehicle in motion; motionless motor vehicle abandoned on a roadway; disabled motor vehicle on a roadway; and others.A parked motor vehicle in roadway lanes used to travel during rush hours and parking during off-peak periods is in transport during periods when parking is forbidden.

Time period

Holiday day From To Number of Days

Sunday 6:00 PM FRI 23:59 PM MON 3 1/4

Monday 6:00 PM FRI 23:59 PM MON 3 1/4

Tuesday 6:00 PM FRI 23:59 PM TUE 4 1/4

Wednesday 6:00 PM TUE 23:59 PM WED 1 1/4

Thursday 6:00 PM WED 23:59 PM SUN 4 1/4

Friday 6:00 PM THU 23:59 PM SUN 3 1/4

Saturday 6:00 PM THU 23:59 PM SUN 3 1/4



- Licensed Drivers - All valid Michigan drivers on file, including suspended, revoked, and denied drivers (does not include expired licenses).

- Location (Crash Location) - Location of a crash is defined by: • The road name on which the crash occurred including prefix, road name,

type, and suffix • The distance and direction of the point of impact from a cross road (located

within the county of the crash) • The name of the cross road including prefix, road name, type, and suffix

- Most Severe Outcome in Crash - The most severe injury sustained by any person involved in the crash, or property damage only.

- Most Severe Outcome in Vehicle - The most severe injury sustained by any person in the vehicle, or property damage only.

- Motorcyclist - An operator or passenger riding a motored cycle. - Motor Vehicle - “Motor vehicle” means every vehicle which is self-propelled and every

vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from overhead trolley wires, but not operated upon rails.

• Standard motor vehicles - Cars, pickups, vans, buses, trucks, motorcycles, etc.

• Emergency vehicles - Police, fire, ambulance. • Farm equipment - Farm tractors, combines, etc. • Off Road Vehicles (ORV) - Snowmobiles, mopeds, all-terrain vehicles (ATV),

dirt bikes, motorbikes, go-carts, garden tractors, motorized wheelchairs, scooters.

• Road maintenance equipment - dump trucks, snowplows, road graders • Construction equipment - Rollers, front-end loaders, scrapers, mobile

cranes, etc. - Motor Vehicle Crash - A crash involving a motor vehicle in transport on a public

trafficway (in Michigan) resulting in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage. - Non-collision - A crash not involving a collision with another motor vehicle. Types of non-

collision crashes include explosion or fire in vehicle, rollover, immersion, etc. - Occupant - Any injured or killed person in or on a motor vehicle, including all drivers. - Passenger - Any person in or on a motor vehicle, excluding the driver. - Pedestrian - Any person on foot; person on skis, skates or roller blades; rider of

horse; horse and buggy (each occupant including the driver will be listed as a separate pedestrian unit); non-motorized wheelchair.

- Property Damage Only (PDO) Crash - A crash resulting in no fatalities or injuries, with a value of $1,000 as a reporting threshold.



- School Bus - Every motor vehicle, except station wagons, with a manufacturers’ rated seating capacity of 18 or more passengers, including the driver, owned by a public, private, or governmental agency and operated for the transportation of children to or from school, or privately owned and operated for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school. School bus does not include buses operated by a municipally owned transportation system or by a common passenger carrier certificated by the state transportation department.

- Traffic Unit - Anything in transit on a public trafficway (i.e., motor vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, pedestrian, snowmobile, farm equipment).

- Trafficway - Indicates whether or not a trafficway is not physically divided, or is divided with a median strip, with or without a traffic barrier, and whether it serves one-way or two-way traffic.

- Transition Area - Increase or decrease in the number of travel lanes. - Valid Drivers - Excludes non-valid categories such as no license, out-of-state drivers with

Michigan violations, deceased, and licenses expired three months prior to Department of State run date.

- “Zero Tolerance” - Law that began November 1, 1994, making it illegal for any person in Michigan under the age of 21 to consume alcohol in the presence of a law enforcement officer, or to have a BAC of 0.02 percent or more.

Table of contents


QUICK FACTS and FIGURES2014 Quick Facts...............................................................................................................3Michigan Crash Watch 2014.............................................................................................4

HISTORICAL INFORMATION1 Year (2013-2014)

Statewide 2013-2014 Summary Trends............................................................72013 Cost of Crashes in Michigan....................................................................9Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred............ .......................................................10

5 Year (2010-2014)Fatalities by Age..............................................................................................11Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes.....................................................12Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes................................12Age of Bicyclists Killed.....................................................................................13Age of Pedestrians Killed................................................................................13Fatal Crashes and Persons Killed for Select Holiday Periods in Michigan.....14Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths and Mileage by Month.......................................15

2014 Percent Deaths and Percent Miles Driven.............................................1510 Year (2005-2014)

Vehicle Registrations.......................................................................................17Vehicle Miles Traveled.....................................................................................17Crashes...........................................................................................................17Deaths.............................................................................................................18Injuries.............................................................................................................18Fatal Crashes..................................................................................................18Alcohol-Involved Fatalities...............................................................................19Alcohol-Involved Injuries..................................................................................19Alcohol-Involved Fatal Crashes.......................................................................19Restraint Usage in Crashes............................................................................20Drivers in Michigan..........................................................................................20Mileage Death Rate........................................................................................20Total Crash Rate.............................................................................................21Injury Crash Rate............................................................................................21Property Damage Crash Rate........................................................................21Male vs. Female Drivers in All Crashes...........................................................22Male vs. Female Drivers in Fatal Crashes......................................................22Male vs. Female Drinking Drivers in All Crashes ..........................................22All Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes.................................................................23

Table of contents (Continued)


Teen/Young Adult Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes.........................................23Elderly Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes..........................................................23All Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes...................................................24Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes...........................24Elderly Drinking Drivers in All and Fatal Crashes............................................24Motor Vehicles in All and Fatal Crashes..........................................................25Motorcycles in All and Fatal Crashes..............................................................25Pedestrians in All and Fatal Crashes..............................................................25Bicycles in All and Fatal Crashes....................................................................26Snowmobiles on Michigan Roadways in All and Fatal Crashes.....................26ORV/ATVs on Michigan Roadways in All and Fatal Crashes..........................26Vehicle-Train Crashes.....................................................................................27Vehicle-Deer Crashes.....................................................................................27Farm Equipment Crashes...............................................................................27Injured Occupants in Crashes.........................................................................28Death & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupants.................................................28Average Age of Drivers in Crashes 2005-2014...............................................29Mileage Death Rates 2005-2014.....................................................................30Michigan, U.S. and Surrounding States - Fatalities and VMT.........................31

Years (1962-2014)Motor Vehicle Traffic Deaths in Michigan by Month........................................33Motor Vehicle Traffic Crash and Related Data................................................35

AgeAge and Injury Severity by Person Type.........................................................................39Driver Age 16-20

Driver Action Prior to Crash.............................................................................42Most Harmful Event.........................................................................................43Crash Type.....................................................................................................45Relationship to Roadway................................................................................45Roadway Type................................................................................................45Time of Day.....................................................................................................46Hazardous Action............................................................................................46Day of Week...................................................................................................47Driver Gender..................................................................................................47Number of Occupants.....................................................................................47Vehicle Type...................................................................................................48



Driver Age 21-64Driver Action Prior to Crash.............................................................................49Most Harmful Event.........................................................................................50Crash Type.....................................................................................................52Relationship to Roadway.................................................................................52Roadway Type................................................................................................52Time of Day.....................................................................................................53Hazardous Action............................................................................................53Day of Week...................................................................................................54Driver Gender..................................................................................................54Number of Occupants.....................................................................................54Vehicle Type...................................................................................................55

Driver Age 65 & OverDriver Action Prior to Crash.............................................................................56Most Harmful Event.........................................................................................57Crash Type.....................................................................................................59Relationship to Roadway.................................................................................59Roadway Type................................................................................................59Time of Day.....................................................................................................60Hazardous Action............................................................................................60Day of Week...................................................................................................61Driver Gender..................................................................................................61Number of Occupants......................................................................................61Vehicle Type...................................................................................................62

AlcoholRoadway Injury Experience for Persons Who Had Been Drinking and/or Using Drugs..65Driver Drinking and/or Using Drugs and Injury Severity in Crash by Age.......................66All Crashes and HBD Crashes by Injury Severity............................................................67Death & Injury for Crash Involved Occupants..................................................................68Occupants in Had-been-drinking Crashes.......................................................................68All Drivers and HBD Drivers Injury Severity - Ejected vs. Not Ejected............................69All Occupants and Occupants of Had-been-drinking Crashes Injury Severity - Ejected vs. Not Ejected....................................................................................................70Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Driver Injury...............................................................71Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Occupant Injury.........................................................72Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes.............................................................................73Alcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes.............................................................................75



Male Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash...............................................................78Male Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash.................................................79Female Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash...........................................................80Female Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash.............................................81Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement by County....................................................82County Ranking by HBD Fatal Crash Rate.....................................................................83

DEERMichigan Motor Vehicle-Deer Involved Crashes.............................................................87Light Condition and Time of Day in Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes...................................88Monthly and Seasonal Rates for Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes.......................................89

CRASH - Circumstances common to all traffic units in a crashAll Crashes Injury Severity by Month...............................................................................93Crash Experience by Highway Class...............................................................................95Crash Experience by Crash Type....................................................................................96Relationship to Roadway.................................................................................................96Time of Day.....................................................................................................................97Day of Week....................................................................................................................98Road Condition................................................................................................................99Weather Condition.........................................................................................................100Light Condition...............................................................................................................101Intersection Crashes by Traffic Control Type................................................................102Construction Zone Crashes...........................................................................................103

vehicle/driver - Characteristics specific to individual traffic unitsVehicle Type and Crash Involvement.............................................................................107Vehicle Types in Crashes by Crash Severity.................................................................108Action Prior to Crash - Driver Action..............................................................................109Action Prior to Crash - Motorcyclist Action.....................................................................110Action Prior to Crash - Bicyclist Action...........................................................................111Action Prior to Crash - Pedestrian Action.......................................................................112Most Harmful Event........................................................................................................113Vehicle Defects in Crash Involvement...........................................................................115Driver Hazardous Action................................................................................................115Michigan Bicycle Crashes..............................................................................................116Michigan Pedestrian Crashes........................................................................................117Michigan Snowmobile Crashes on Public Roadways - Most Harmful Event.................118



Michigan ORV/ATV Crashes on Public Roadways - Most Harmful Event.....................120Michigan Snowmobile Crashes on Public Roadways....................................................122Michigan ORV/ATV Crashes on Public Roadways........................................................122Michigan Farm Equipment Crashes...............................................................................123Michigan Vehicle-Train Crashes....................................................................................123Michigan Motorcycle Crashes........................................................................................123Driver Gender Information.............................................................................................124Person Age - Demographics and Crash Involvements..................................................125Crash Rate per Licensed Driver by Age of Driver in All Crashes...................................126Driver Age......................................................................................................................127Driver Condition.............................................................................................................128Driver Injury Severity by Restraint, Alcohol, and Drug Use...........................................128RED-LIGHT-RUNNING CRASHES

Red-Light-Running Definition........................................................................129Speed Limit...................................................................................................130Crash Type...................................................................................................130Special Circumstances..................................................................................131Possible Conditions of Persons in Crashes..................................................131

HEAVY TRUCK/BUSHeavy Truck/Bus Definition...........................................................................133Driver Action Prior to Crash...........................................................................134Most Harmful Event.......................................................................................135Crash Type...................................................................................................137Hazardous Action..........................................................................................137Relationship to Roadway...............................................................................138Time of Day...................................................................................................138Roadway Type..............................................................................................138Day of Week.................................................................................................139Driver Gender................................................................................................139Number of Occupants ..................................................................................139Vehicle Type.................................................................................................140Hazardous Citation Issued............................................................................141

OCCUPANT/PERSON - Specific information on each driver and injured person in a crashAge and Gender of Occupants Killed or Injured in Motor Vehicle Crashes...................145Reported Occupant Restraint Usage for All Drivers and Injured Passengers ..............146Motor Vehicle Occupants & Injury Severity by Seating Position and Known Belt Usage..................................................................................................................147



Reported Restraint Use - Children................................................................................148Motor Vehicle Occupant Injury Severity by Known Airbag Deployment........................150Age and Gender of Motorcyclists Killed or Injured in Motor Vehicle Crashes...............151Motorcycle Helmet Usage and Injury Severity...............................................................152Occupant Injury Outcome by Vehicle Type...................................................................153

REFERENCESReferences and Reporting Agencies.............................................................................157

indexIndex..............................................................................................................................161

QUICK FACTS and FIGURES


3

2014 quick facts


- Some exposure factor comparisons between 2014 and 2013 show motor vehicle registrations increased 0.4 percent, the number of licensed drivers on Michigan roads increased 0.4 percent, and vehicle mileage increased 1.8 percent.

- The 2014 fatality rate of 0.94 deaths per 100 million miles of travel decreased 6.0 percent from the 2013 fatality rate of 1.00, remaining below the 10-year average of 0.98 (2005-2014).

- There were 876 people killed and 71,378 people injured in 298,699 reported motor vehicle traffic crashes in Michigan during 2014. Compared with the 2013 experience, the number of deaths decreased 7.9 percent, people injured increased 0.5 percent, and total reported crashes increased 3.3 percent.

- There were 298,699 reported crashes, of which 806 were fatal, 52,523 were personal injury, and 245,370 were property damage only crashes.

- Of all fatal crashes, 26.7 percent occurred at intersections.

- Of all fatal crashes, 27.5 percent involved at least one drinking operator, bicyclist, or pedestrian, 19.9 percent involved drinking but no drugs, 8.6 percent involved drugs but no drinking, and 7.7 percent involved both drinking and drugs.

- Excessive speed was indicated as the hazardous action by 21.1 percent of the drivers involved in fatal crashes.

- Of the 298,699 total crashes in 2014, 101,783 (34.1%) involved one vehicle only. This is a decrease of 5.3 percent from last year’s count of 107,528 single-vehicle crashes.

- Of the 806 fatal crashes, 411 (51.0%) involved one vehicle.

- Of the 222 alcohol-involved fatal crashes, 143 (64.4%) involved one vehicle. This is a 21.9 percent decrease from last year’s figure of 183 single vehicle, alcohol-involved fatal crashes.

- Of the 1,280 drivers involved in fatal crashes, 118 (9.2%) were under 21 years of age and 274 (21.4%) were under 25 years of age.

- Of the 9,909,877 people living in Michigan [1. References and Reporting Agencies] one out of every 11,313 was killed in a traffic crash and one out of every 139 was injured.

- For each person killed, 81 people were injured.

- According to 2013 data provided by the Michigan Department of Community Health [2. References and Reporting Agencies], motor vehicle crashes account for 39.2 percent of all accidental deaths for children age 1-14.

- The pedestrian death toll for Michigan stands at 148 people, a decrease of 1 death from 2013.

- For each pedestrian killed, there were 13 pedestrians injured.

- Of all pedestrians killed, 9.5 percent were under the age of 21 and 8.1 percent were age 75 and older.

- The bicyclist death toll for Michigan stands at 21, a decrease of 6 deaths from 2013.

- Children under the age of 16 accounted for 4.8 percent of the bicycle deaths.

- Of the 468,094 drivers and injured passengers involved in crashes where restraint use was known, 459,938 or 98.3 percent were reported to have been using occupant restraints. Restraint usage among fatal victims, where usage was known, was reported to be 58.5 percent in 2014.

- The comprehenisve costs in Michigan traffic crashes amounted to $36,971,857,800 in 2014. If costs were spread across the state’s population this would translate into a loss of $3,730.81 per state resident.

Note: The information on the cost of crashes was provided by the National Safety Council. NSC made revisions to the cost model starting in 2014 that take advantage of data sources not previously available and estimates cannot be compared across multiple years.

4

Michigan Crash watch 2014


Every 1 minute 46 seconds a traffic

crash occured

one per

son w

as k

illed

in a

cras

h eve

ry 10 hours

one p

erso

n wa

s kill

ed in

an al

cohol-

related Crash crash every 37 hours 7 minutes One bicyclist was injured every 6 hours 21 minutes one pedestrian was injured every 4 hours 28 minutes one motorcyclist was injured every 3 hours 48 minutes One driver under age 21 was in Fatal c

rash ev

ery 7

4 hou

rs 14

min

utes

one person was injured in a crash every 7 minutes 22 seconds

HISTORICAL INFORMATION


7

Statewide 2013-2014 SUmmary Trends: 1 year Trends


2013 2014 percent of Change

NUmber of Crashes

Fatal Crashes 881 806 -8.5

Personal Injury Crashes 51,949 52,523 1.1

Property Damage Crashes 236,231 245,370 3.9

TOTAL 289,061 298,699 3.3

ALCOHOL-INVOLVED CRASHES


Personal Injury Crashes 3,765 3,569 -5.2

Property Damage Crashes 5,806 5,605 -3.5

TOTAL 9,828 9,396 -4.4

Fatal CRASHES

Had Been Drinking 257 (29.2%) 222 (27.5%) -13.6

Had Not Been Drinking / Not Known If Drinking 624 (70.8%) 584 (72.5%) -6.4

PERSONS IN CRASHESKilled 951 876 -7.9

Injured 71,031 71,378 0.5

Not Injured 454,168 481,883 6.1

Unknown Injury 40,388 42,401 5.0

TOTAL 566,538 596,538 5.3

PERSONS IN ALCOHOL-INVOLVED CRASHES

Killed 284 236 -16.9

Injured 5,242 4,883 -6.8

Not Injured 11,538 11,359 -1.6

Unknown Injury 1,221 1,193 -2.3

TOTAL 18,285 17,671 -3.4

PersONS INJURED BY GENDERMale 32,661 32,831 0.5

Female 38,225 38,434 4.7

Unknown Gender 115 113 -1.7

TOTAL 71,031 71,378 0.7

PERSONS INJURED BY SEVERITY

“A” Injury 5,283 4,909 -7.1

“B” Injury 16,775 16,301 -2.8

“C” Injury 48,973 50,168 2.4

TOTAL 71,031 71,378 0.7

Michigan experienced a 7.9 percent decrease in traffic fatalities, a 0.5 percent increase in injuries and a 3.3 percent increase in crashes.

Persons sustaining “A” level injuries (the most serious) decreased 7.1 percent.

8

Statewide 2013-2014 SUmmary Trends: 1 year Trends (Continued)



PERSONS KILLED BY GENDER

Male 665 604 -9.2

Female 286 272 -4.9

TOTAL 951 876 -7.9

PERSONS KILLED

Motor Vehicle Driver 617 540 -12.5

Passenger 158 167 5.7

Bicyclist 27 21 -22.2

Pedestrian 149 148 -0.7

Train Engineer 0 0 0.0

TOTAL 951 876 -7.9

BELT RESTRAINT USE BY DRIVER

“Reported Restrained” - Killed 253 234 -7.5

“Reported Not Restrained” - Killed 150 141 -6.0

“Reported Restrained” - Injured 44,048 44,766 1.6

“Reported Not Restrained” - Injured 1,528 1,420 -7.1

BELT RESTRAINT USE BY INJURED PASSENGER“Reported Restrained” - Killed 80 63 -21.3

“Reported Not Restrained” - Killed 44 60 36.4

“Reported Restrained” - Injured 14,552 14,556 0.0

“Reported Not Restrained” - Injured 1,672 1,576 -5.7

DRIVER AGE 16-20 INVOLVED


Personal Injury Crashes 11,528 10,922 -5.3

Property Damage Crashes 41,524 40,999 -1.3

TOTAL ALL CRASHES 53,180 52,037 -2.1

Persons Killed 135 125 -7.4

Persons Injured 16,038 15,022 -6.3

DRIVER AGE 65 & OVER INVOLVEDFatal Crashes 214 174 -18.7

Personal Injury Crashes 8,653 9,090 5.1

Property Damage Crashes 32,895 35,535 8.0

TOTAL ALL CRASHES 41,762 41,799 0.1

Persons Killed 236 190 -19.5

Persons Injured 12,726 13,041 2.5

Deaths among vehicle occupants (drivers and passengers only) decreased 8.8 percent.

9

Statewide 2013-2014 SUmmary Trends: 1 year Trends (Continued)



Crash facts

Licensed Drivers 7,096,836 7,130,205 0.5

Registered Vehicles 8,171,407 8,206,961 0.4

Michigan Population 9,895,622 9,909,877 0.1

Drivers Involved in Crashes 484,446 510,086 5.3

Occupants Involved in Crashes 562,186 592,303 5.4

Estimated Vehicle Miles Traveled (thousands) 95,135,791 93,440,172 -1.8

Death Rate Per 100 Million Vehicle Miles 1.0 0.9 -10.0

Fatal Crash Rate Per 100 Million Vehicle Miles 0.9 0.8 -11.1

2014 COST OF CRASHES IN MICHIGAN

The cost estimate for Michigan crashes in 2014 was $36,971,857,800. This estimate is based on the National Safety Council’s cost estimating procedures. Average comprehensive costs are based on the following national figures:

Comprehensive Costs, 2014

Death $9,887,000

Incapacitating Injury $1,082,000

Non-incapacitating Injury $298,000

Possible Injury $138,100

No Injury $45,700

These cost estimates are not intended for comparisons to previous years. The National Safety Council made revisions to the cost model starting in 2014 that take advantage of data sources not previously available. Deaths and injuries are calculated by number of persons. “No injury” is calculated per crash.

Note: Information on the cost of crashes is provided by the National Safety Council.

10

WHERE TRAFFIC FATALITIES OCCURRED


GOGEBIC

1/1

ONTONAGON

1/1

HOUGHTON

1/3

KEWEENAW0/0

IRON

2/2

BARAGA

0/3MARQUETTE

6/3

DICKINSON

0/1

MENOMINEE

5/2

DELTA

2/5

ALGER

0/6 SCHOOLCRAFT

0/1

LUCE

2/0

MACKINAC

0/4

CHIPPEWA

3/7

EMMET3/3 CHEBOYGAN

4/6PRESQUE ISLE

1/0CHARLEVOIX

2/3

LEELANAU2/0

ANTRIM

3/3OTSEGO

4/3MONT-

MORENCY

1/4ALPENA

2/1

BENZIE5/3

GRANDTRAVERSE

7/14

KALKASKA

2/9CRAWFORD

4/3OSCODA

0/0ALCONA

0/2

MANISTEE

2/5WEXFORD

6/8MISSAUKEE

1/3ROS-

COMMON

4/8OGEMAW

4/5IOSCO

1/3

MASON

4/6LAKE

3/1OSCEOLA

3/6CLARE

2/5GLADWIN

3/2

ARENAC2/7

OCEANA

1/2 NEWAYGO

7/7

MECOSTA

7/9ISABELLA

12/4MIDLAND

6/5BAY10/10

MUSKEGON16/11 MONTCALM

10/6GRATIOT

4/3SAGINAW

9/21

HURON

6/9

TUSCOLA

12/5SANILAC

10/3

OTTAWA

24/19

KENT

54/48 IONIA

3/8CLINTON

9/5SHIA-

WASSEE

6/4

GENESEE

29/30

LAPEER

12/12 ST. CLAIR

17/13

ALLEGAN

13/15BARRY

12/11EATON

9/11INGHAM

20/17LIVINGSTON

19/15

OAKLAND

63/57

MACOMB44/52

VAN BUREN

9/19KALAMAZOO

14/36CALHOUN

12/19JACKSON

16/15WASHTENAW

30/34

WAYNE172/164

BERRIEN13/26 CASS

7/12ST. JOSEPH

9/11BRANCH

6/4HILLSDALE

10/5LENAWEE

10/14MONROE

26/28

WhereTraffic Fatalities

OccurredA

One-YearComparison

2014 = 876 / 2013 = 951

Same or decrease

Increase

11

5 year trends-STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES


Fatalities by age 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Under 1 year old 3 0 3 1 2

1 - 3 years 5 4 7 5 1*

4 - 10 years 11 9 12 9 8*

11 - 15 years 20 14 17 20 16

16 - 20 years 100 109 95 83 91

21 - 24 years 83 103 117 73 101

25 - 34 years 140 129 157 136 147

35 - 44 years 116 106 112 130 104*

45 - 54 years 168 149 123 162 132

55 - 64 years 114 106 127 132 115

65 - 74 years 65 68 83 90 76

75 years and over 112 92 83 109 83

Unknown 0 0 0 1 0

TOTAL 937 889 936 951 876*

25

50

100

150

175

200

fatalities by age

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

2010 3 5 11 20 100 83 140 116 168 114 65 112 0 937

2014 2 1 8 16 91 101 147 104 132 115 76 83 0 876

75

125

*Indicates the lowest total in the five year period

12

5 year trends-STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES (continued)



Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes13 years and under 3 0 1 0 0

14 years 2 0 1 1 1

15 years 4 4 2 4 2

16 years 15 21 17 16 7

17 years 27 19 20 15 22

18 years 38 32 34 26 29

19 years 35 39 33 35 27

20 years 32 39 30 33 30

21 - 24 years 109 139 153 113 156

25 - 34 years 216 211 225 234 235

35 - 44 years 213 182 197 199 170

45 - 54 years 232 199 208 237 191

55 - 64 years 175 146 186 182 144

65 - 69 years 54 49 64 69 61

70 - 74 years 37 39 49 56 46

75 - 79 years 27 29 27 41 28

80 - 84 years 32 29 32 36 32

85 - 89 years 28 19 13 23 17

90 years and over 9 11 11 8 9

Unknown 38 60 49 60 73

Totals 1,326 1,267 1,352 1,388 1,280

Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes

13 years and under 2 0 0 0 0

14 years 1 0 0 1 1

15 years 2 2 2 1 0

16 years 4 9 7 3 4

17 years 13 7 6 5 7

18 years 14 14 15 12 10

19 years 15 16 12 15 9

20 years 13 15 10 14 15

21 - 24 years 45 73 70 48 65

25 - 34 years 80 77 81 76 69

35 - 44 years 69 56 62 74 50

45 - 54 years 75 67 62 85 57

55 - 64 years 55 49 50 62 44

65 - 69 years 24 14 20 23 20

70 - 74 years 10 16 13 14 11

75 - 79 years 10 8 11 12 6

80 - 84 years 6 9 8 11 4

85 - 89 years 8 7 3 4 6


Unknown 15 18 13 26 32

Totals 464 458 447 488 411

13

5 year trends-STATEWIDE TREND DATA FOR FATALITIES (continued)



Age of Bicyclists Killed


1 - 3 years 0 0 0 0 0

4 - 10 years 3 0 1 2 0

11 - 15 years 3 2 0 0 1

16 - 20 years 2 1 2 2 1

21 - 24 years 1 2 3 0 1

25 - 34 years 2 1 0 3 2

35 - 44 years 3 2 2 2 2

45 - 54 years 9 11 6 7 5

55 - 64 years 2 3 5 7 6

65 - 74 years 3 1 0 2 2


Unknown 0 0 0 0 0

Totals 29 24 21 27 21

Age of Pedestrians Killed


1 - 3 years 1 2 2 1 1

4 - 10 years 1 2 2 3 4

11 - 15 years 3 1 7 5 2

16 - 20 years 9 17 8 8 7

21 - 24 years 8 9 14 12 11

25 - 34 years 20 16 17 24 22

35 - 44 years 16 17 15 24 23

45 - 54 years 30 32 24 29 27

55 - 64 years 17 24 26 25 35

65 - 74 years 10 7 10 10 4


Unknown 0 0 0 1 0

Totals 131 140 133 149 148

14

5 year trends-FATAL CRASHES AND PERSONS KILLED FOR SELECT HOLIDAY PERIODS IN MICHIGAN


HOLIDAY PERIOD Fatal Crashes Persons Killed SUMMARY 2014

Memorial Day

This table shows traffic death tolls in Michigan for the past five years for the major holiday periods as defined by the National Safety Council.

Based on the total 2014 experience, deaths averaged 2.40 per day. Alcohol-involved deaths averaged 0.65 per day.

Based on the 2014 holiday period experience, deaths averaged 3.24 per day. Alcohol-related deaths averaged 1.00 per day.

2014 (3) MON 19 [5] 20 [5]

2013 (3) MON 14 [4] 15 [5]

2012 (3) MON 9 [3] 10 [3]

2011 (3) MON 7 [3] 9 [5]

2010 (3) MON 14 [4] 15 [4]

Fourth of July

2014 (3) FRI 11 [3] 12 [3]

2013 (4) THU 17 [6] 19 [7]

2012 (1) WED 4 [1] 4 [1]

2011 (3) MON 8 [4] 8 [4]

2010 (3) SUN 8 [2] 8 [2]

Labor Day

2014 (3) MON 6 [5] 6 [5]

2013 (3) MON 9 [3] 10 [4]

2012 (3) MON 8 [4] 8 [4]

2011 (3) MON 11 [4] 12 [4]

2010 (3) MON 17 [8] 21 [12]

Thanksgiving

2014 (4) THU 6 [3] 6 [3]

2013 (4) THU 11 [4] 12 [5]

2012 (4) THU 9 [4] 9 [4]

2011 (4) THU 7 [0] 7 [0]

2010 (4) THU 9 [3] 10 [4]

Christmas

2014 (4) THU 9 [1] 10 [1]

2013 (1) WED 3 [0] 3 [0]

2012 (4) TUES 7 [6] 9 [6]

2011 (3) SUN 8 [4] 8 [4]

2010 (3) SAT 6 [4] 6 [4]

New Years

2014 (4) THU 12 [3] 14 [4]

2013 (1) WED 1 [1] 2 [1]

2012 (4) TUES 13 [6] 15 [6]

2011 (3) SUN 13 [5] 14 [5]

2010 (3) SAT 5 [1] 5 [1]

Figures in parentheses in the 1st column show number of full days in each holiday period.

Fatal crashes and deaths are for these days plus six hours of the preceding day.

Figures in brackets in the 2nd and 3rd columns show the number of alcohol-related fatal crashes and deaths.

Please view the glossary for an explanation of holiday periods.

15

5 year trends- MOTOR VEHICLE CRASH DEATHS AND MILEAGE BY MONTH


Month

TRAFFIC DEATHS 2014 PERCENTAGES

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Percent Deaths Percent Miles Driven

January 64 68 54 73 47 5.4 7.36

February 55 51 67 59 63 7.2 7.55

March 59 66 81 55 47 5.4 7.72

April 63 55 62 52 75 8.6 7.94

May 82 67 75 80 76 8.7 8.57

June 81 68 100 75 92 10.5 8.89

July 101 80 95 110 96 11.0 9.35

August 98 105 90 101 85 9.7 9.39

September 84 79 86 104 88 10.0 8.82

October 99 100 87 92 70 8.0 8.56

November 79 70 68 91 68 7.8 8.16

December 72 80 71 59 69 7.9 7.68

TOTAL 937 889 936 951 876 100.0 100.00

2

4

6

8

10

12

2014 Percent Deaths and Percent Miles Driven

j f m a m j j a s o n d TOTALS

percent Death 5.4 7.2 5.4 8.6 8.7 10.5 11.0 9.7 10.0 8.0 7.8 7.9 100.0

Percent miles driven

7.36 7.55 7.72 7.94 8.57 8.89 9.35 9.39 8.82 8.56 8.16 7.68 100.0

perc

ent

The chart above shows that the percent deaths were higher for the months of April, May, June, July, August, September, and December than for the other months when compared to the percent miles driven.


17

10 year trends-STATEWIDE


2,000,000

4,000,000

8,000,000

Vehicle Registrations

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

8,464,905 8,353,070 8,409,163 8,187,990 8,145,728 8,101,713 8,131,862 8,104,876 8,171,407 8,206,961

6,000,000

10,000,000

Vehicle registrations decreased 3.0 percent over the 10-year period.

25

50

100

Vehicle miles traveled

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

103.2 104.0 104.6 100.9 95.9 97.6 94.8 94.3 95.1 99.1

75

125

Vehicle miles traveled decreased 4.0 percent over the 10-year period.

100,000

200,000

400,000

Crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

350,838 315,322 324,174 316,057 290,978 282,075 284,049 273,891 289,061 298,699

300,000

500,000

There were 298,699 total crashes statewide in 2014 – a 14.9 percent decrease from 2005.

18

10 year trends-STATEWIDE (Continued)


250

500

1,000

deaths

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1,129 1,084 1,084 980 871 937 889 936 951 876

750

1,250

In 2014, 876 people died in motor vehicle crashes – a decrease of 22.4 percent from 2005.

25,000

50,000

100,000

Injuries

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

90,510 81,942 80,576 74,568 70,931 70,501 71,796 70,518 71,031 71,378

75,000

125,000

In 2014, 71,378 people received injuries in motor vehicle crashes – down 21.1 percent from 90,510 in 2005.

250

500

1,000

Fatal Crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1,030 1,002 987 915 806 868 834 870 881 806

750

1,250

In 2014, there were 806 fatal crashes – down 21.7 percent from 1,030 in 2005

19



100

200

400

ALCOHOL-INVOLVED deaths

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

360 383 345 317 299 283 274 281 284 236

300

500

There were 236 deaths in alcohol-involved crashes in 2014 – down 34.4 percent from 2005.

2,000

4,000

8,000

ALCOHOL-INVOLVED Injuries

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

7,421 7,068 6,563 5,700 5,678 5,458 5,377 5,475 5,242 4,883

6,000

10,000

There were 4,883 injuries in alcohol-involved crashes in 2014 – down 34.2 percent from 2005..

100

200

400

ALCOHOL-INVOLVED Fatal Crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

317 349 313 297 277 264 253 260 257 222

300

500

There were 222 injuries in alcohol-involved fatal crashes in 2014 – down 30.0 percent from 2005.

20



20

40

80

Restraint Usage in crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

85.3 85.5 86.0 86.6 86.6 87.3 87.3 87.2 87.5 87.3

60

100

The percentage of motor vehicle occupants using restraints as reported by police in traffic crashes increased 2.4 percent over the last ten years.

2

4

8

Drivers in michigan

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

7.22 7.24 7.14 7.09 7.07 7.08 7.04 7.06 7.10 7.13

6

10

There were 7,130,205 licensed drivers on Michigan roadways in 2014 – a decrease of 1.2 percent from 2005.

0.3

0.6

1.2

mileage death rate

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9

0.9

1.5

The 0.9 death rate in 2014 was a 18.2 percent decrease from the 10-year high of 1.1 in 2005.

21



100

200

400

total crash Rate

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

340.1 303.1 309.8 313.2 303.4 288.9 299.8 290.5 303.8 319.7

300

500

The 10-year total crash rate peaked in 2005 at 340.1, then decreased by 6.0 percent to 319.7 in 2014.

20

40

80

Injury crash rate

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

64.7 57.8 56.9 55.1 54.5 52.9 55.4 54.8 54.6 56.2

60

100

The 10-year injury crash rate of 56.2 in 2014 was a 13.1 percent decrease from 2005.

100

200

400

property damage crash rate

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

274.4 244.3 251.9 257.2 248.0 235.1 243.5 234.7 237.8 262.6

300

500

The property damage crash rate of 262.6 in 2014 was a 4.3 percent increase from 2005.

22



DRIVERS IN ALL CRASHES

Year Male Female

2005 309,487 237,343

2006 272,328 216,196

2007 277,353 219,781

2008 267,186 213,223

2009 242,490 199,166

2010 238,048 197,183

2011 240,850 198,488

2012 232,475 192,605

2013 246,908 201,264

2014 262,359 208,359

100,000

200,000

400,000

Drivers in all crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

300,000

500,000

Male drivers accounted for 55.7 percent of all drivers in crashes during 2014, which was down from 56.6 percent in 2005. Female drivers accounted for 44.3 percent of all drivers in crashes during 2014, which was up from 43.4 percent in 2005.

DRIVERS IN FATAL CRASHES

Year Male Female

2005 1,141 452

2006 1,080 416

2007 1,090 417

2008 976 414

2009 840 375

2010 916 374

2011 859 351

2012 936 368

2013 990 344

2014 893 315

250

500

1,000

drivers in fatal crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

750

1,250

Male drivers made up 73.9 percent of all drivers in fatal crashes in 2014, which was up from 71.6 percent in 2005. Female drivers made up 26.1 percent of all drivers in fatal crashes in 2014, which was down from 28.4 percent in 2005.

Drinking driverS in all crashes

Year Male Female

2005 10,359 3,045

2006 9,454 2,991

2007 9,095 2,928

2008 8,270 2,650

2009 7,881 2,613

2010 7,209 2,584

2011 7,094 2,574

2012 7,250 2,563

2013 7,105 2,522

2014 6,721 2,461

2,500

5,000

10,000

Drinking drivers in all crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

7,500

12,500

In 2014, males represented 73.2 percent of all drinking drivers, which was down from 77.3 percent in 2005. Females represented 26.8 percent of all drinking drivers in 2014, which was up from 22.7 percent in 2005.

Male Female

Male Female

Male Female

Note: 39,368 drivers in all crashes, 72 drivers in fatal crashes, and 36 drinking drivers were coded as unknown gender in 2014 and are not included in the tables.

23



ALL CRASHES

Year All Crashes Fatal Crashes

2005 592,671 1,682

2006 528,763 1,551

2007 537,228 1,558

2008 518,240 1,447

2009 476,801 1,270

2010 468,968 1,326

2011 473,501 1,267

2012 459,030 1,352

2013 484,446 1,388

2014 510,086 1,280

125,000

300,000

600,000

Drivers in all crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

450,000

750,000

The number of drivers involved in all crashes decreased 13.9 percent over the 10-year period. The number of drivers involved in fatal crashes decreased 23.9 percent over the 10-year period.

TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRIVERS (Age 16-20)


2005 82,017 196

2006 72,957 172

2007 73,210 199

2008 67,982 163

2009 63,069 146

2010 60,721 147

2011 58,279 150

2012 55,307 134

2013 56,264 125

2014 54,935 115

20,000

40,000

80,000

TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRIVERS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

60,000

100,000

Teen/young adult drivers (age 16-20) represented 6.7 percent of the licensed drivers in 2014. The number of teen/young adult drivers in all crashes has decreased by 33.0 percent since 2005. Their involvement in fatal crashes has decreased 41.3 percent during the same time period.

ELDERLY DRIVERS(Age 65 & Over)


2005 41,140 186

2006 38,899 188

2007 39,656 191

2008 39,388 204

2009 39,357 182

2010 40,096 187

2011 40,495 176

2012 41,047 196

2013 44,183 233

2014 47,356 193

10,000

20,000

40,000

elderly drivers

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

30,000

50,000

Elderly drivers (age 65 and over) represented 19.1 percent in 2014. The number of drivers age 65 and over in all crashes has increased 15.1 percent since 2005. Elderly driver involvement in fatal crashes increased 3.8 percent during the same time period.

500

1,000

2,000

1,500

2,500

50

100

200

150

250

50

100

200

150

250

All crashes fatal crashes



24



DRINKING DRIVERS


2005 13,452 294

2006 12,489 323

2007 12,059 278

2008 10,948 271

2009 10,542 252

2010 9,843 237

2011 9,701 226

2012 9,853 242

2013 9,673 227

2014 9,218 196

5,000

10,000

20,000

DRINKING DRIVERS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

15,000

25,000

Drinking driver involvement in all crashes decreased by 31.5 percent from 2005. Drinking driver involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 33.3 percent from 2005.

TEEN/YOUNG ADULT DRINKING DRIVERS (Age 16-20)


2005 1,553 28

2006 1,521 31

2007 1,368 28

2008 1,118 34

2009 1,058 22

2010 970 16

2011 935 32

2012 910 19

2013 776 16

2014 689 19

500

1,000

2,000

TEEN/YOUNG ADULT drinking DRIVERS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1,500

2,500

The number of teen/young adult drinking drivers (age 16-20) in all crashes decreased by 55.6 percent, and their involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 32.1 percent from 2005.

ELDERLY drinking DRIVERS(Age 65 & Over)


2005 316 5

2006 294 15

2007 266 8

2008 277 9

2009 277 8

2010 282 5

2011 269 7

2012 287 10

2013 318 11

2014 315 11

100

200

400

elderly drinking drivers

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

300

500

The number of elderly drinking drivers (age 65 and over) in all crashes decreased by 0.3 percent from 2005. Their involvement in fatal crashes increased by 120.0 percent from 2005.

100

200

400

300

500

10

20

40

30

50

5

10

20

15

25




25



MOTOR VEHICLES


2005 592,671 1,682

2006 528,763 1,551

2007 537,228 1,558

2008 518,240 1,447

2009 476,801 1,270

2010 468,968 1,326

2011 473,501 1,267

2012 459,030 1,352

2013 484,446 1,388

2014 510,086 1,280

200,000

400,000

800,000

MOTOR VEHICLES

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

600,000

1,000,000

There were 510,086 motor vehicles involved in all crashes in 2014, down 13.9 percent from 2005. There were 1,280 motor vehicles involved in fatal crashes in 2014, down 23.9 percent from 2005.

MOTORCYCLES


2005 3,589 121

2006 3,386 120

2007 3,821 127

2008 4,082 127

2009 3,451 105

2010 3,362 125

2011 3,175 113

2012 3,600 132

2013 3,186 133

2014 2,934 110

1,000

2,000

4,000

MOTORCYCLES

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

3,000

5,000

There were 2,934 motorcycles involved in crashes in 2014, a 18.3 percent decrease from 2005. There were 110 motorcycles involved in fatal crashes in 2014, down 9.1 percent from 2005.

PEDESTRIANS


2005 2,683 150

2006 2,622 148

2007 2,422 147

2008 2,312 124

2009 2,201 140

2010 2,325 140

2011 2,399 152

2012 2,397 157

2013 2,392 159

2014 2,406 158

1,000

2,000

4,000

PEDESTRIANS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

3,000

5,000

There were 2,406 pedestrians involved in crashes in 2014, down 10.3 percent from 2005. There were 158 pedestrians involved in fatal crashes in 2014, up 5.3 percent from 2005.

500

1,000

2,000

1,500

2,500

50

100

200

150

250

50

100

200

150

250




26



BICYCLES


2005 2,080 27

2006 2,061 32

2007 2,188 18

2008 2,071 25

2009 2,027 21

2010 1,976 33

2011 1,895 24

2012 1,981 21

2013 1,902 29

2014 1,763 21

500

1,000

2,000

BICYCLES

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1,500

2,500

There were 1,763 bicycles involved in crashes in 2014, down 15.2 percent from 2005. There were 21 bicycles involved in fatal crashes in 2014, down 22.2 percent from 2005.

SNOWMOBILESON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS


2005 264 4

2006 166 8

2007 217 8

2008 240 15

2009 189 19

2010 156 8

2011 132 6

2012 120 5

2013 179 10

2014 204 9

100

200

400

SNOWMOBILES ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

300

500

There were 204 snowmobiles in crashes on roadways in 2014, down 22.7 percent from 2005. There were 9 snowmobiles in fatal crashes, up 125.0 percent from 2005.

ORV/ATVsON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS


2005 266 13

2006 267 13

2007 223 7

2008 249 11

2009 251 9

2010 223 18

2011 253 8

2012 275 8

2013 282 11

2014 288 6

100

200

400

ORV/ATVs ON MICHIGAN ROADWAYS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

300

500

There were 288 ORV/ATVs in crashes on roadways in 2014, up 8.3 percent from 2005. There were 6 ORV/ATVs in fatal crashes, down 53.8 percent from 2005.

10

20

40

30

50

5

10

20

15

25

5

10

20

15

25




27



20

40

80

VEHICLE-TRAIN CRASHES

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

90 71 61 54 44 37 47 38 58 66

60

100

There were 66 vehicle-train crashes in 2014 – a decrease of 26.7 percent in the 10-year period.

15,000

30,000

60,000

VEHICLE-Deer CRASHES

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

58,741 60,875 61,907 61,010 61,486 55,867 53,592 48,918 49,205 45,690

45,000

75,000

There were 45,690 vehicle-deer crashes in 2014 – a decrease of 22.2 percent in the 10-year period.

50

100

200

Farm Equipment Crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

153 151 172 191 150 158 165 181 207 212

150

250

There were 212 farm equipment crashes in 2014 – an increase of 38.6 percent from 2005.

28

10 year trends-STATEWIDE(Continued)


20,000

40,000

80,000

injured occupants in crashes

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

86,562 78,079 76,814 71,013 67,470 67,045 68,344 66,957 67,611 68,038

60,000

100,000

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

DEATH AND INJURY FOR CRASH-INVOLVED OCCUPANTS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 TOTALS

killed 966 919 933 841 731 777 725 783 775 707 8,157

a injury 7,714 6,904 6,821 6,091 5,879 5,414 5,142 5,156 4,736 4,409 58,266

b injury 19,414 17,423 17,105 15,495 14,911 15,659 15,635 15,458 15,545 15,103 161,748

c injury 59,434 53,752 52,888 49,427 46,680 45,972 47,567 46,343 47,329 48,526 497,918

DEAT

HINJURY

10,000

20,000

30,000

10,000

40,000

50,000

1,400 60,000

Note: These figures contain the number of occupants recorded as injured by the police officer on the UD-10.

Over the period from 2005 to 2014, occupant deaths decreased 26.8 percent, A injuries decreased 42.8 percent, B injuries decreased 22.2 percent, and C injuries decreased 18.4 percent.

There were 68,038 occupants injured in crashes in 2014 – a decrease of 21.4 percent from 2005.

29



20

40

AVERAGE AGE OF DRIVERS IN CRASHES 2005 - 2014

60

Over the 10-year period, reflecting the demographic trend of increasing age in the general population, the average age of drivers involved in all crashes and had-been-drinking crashes has increased more than five percent in each category. The average age of drivers involved in fatal crashes and had-been-drinking fatal crashes has increased more than three percent in each category.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

all crashes 38.61 39.06 39.21 39.60 39.97 40.22 40.35 40.45 40.55 40.83

fatal crashes 41.58 41.98 41.42 42.93 43.24 43.51 42.45 43.18 44.82 42.98

hbd crashes 34.13 34.27 34.30 35.16 35.18 35.60 35.14 35.26 35.75 35.89

hbd fatal crashes

34.42 36.51 35.36 36.14 36.03 37.32 33.39 34.88 38.08 35.47

30



* National Safety Council (NSC) reports traffic and nontraffic deaths within a year of the crash.

**National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) reports only traffic deaths that occur within 30 days of the accident.

U.S. data for this table and tables on the following page were provided by the National Safety Council [3], the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [4], and the Federal Highway Administration [5]. State data for this table and tables on the following page were provided by Ohio [6], Indiana [7], Illinois [8], Wisconsin [9], and Minnesota [10].

0.5

1.0

2.0

Mileage Death Rates 2005 - 2014

1.5

2.5

YearU.S.

(NSC*) U.S.

(NHTSA**)Michigan Ohio Indiana Illinois Wisconsin Minnesota

2005 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0

2006 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9

2007 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9

2008 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8

2009 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7

2010 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7

2011 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7

2012 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7

2013 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7

2014 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.6

U.S. (NSC) U.S. (NHTSA) Michigan Ohio

Indiana Illinois Wisconsin Minnesota

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

31



YearU.S.

(NSC) fatalities

U.S. (NHTSA)

fatalities

Michiganfatalities

Ohiofatalities

Indianafatalities

Illinois fatalities

Wisconsinfatalities

Minnesotafatalities

2005 45,343 43,443 1,129 1,326 938 1,360 801 559

2006 45,316 42,642 1,084 1,239 899 1,254 712 494

2007 43,945 41,059 1,084 1,257 899 1,248 737 510

2008 39,790 37,261 980 1,191 815 1,043 587 455

2009 36,216 33,963 871 1,028 692 911 542 421

2010 35,332 32,885 937 1,081 754 927 562 411

2011 35,303 32,367 889 1,015 749 918 565 368

2012 36,415 33,561 936 1,122 779 956 601 395

2013 35,369 32,850 951 990 777 991 527 387

2014 35,400 32,675 876 1,008 743 924 498 361

YearU.S.

(FHWA)VMT

MichiganVMT

OhioVMT

IndianaVMT

Illinois VMT

WisconsinVMT

MinnesotaVMT

2005 2,990 103.2 111.5 74.3 107.9 60.0 56.5

2006 2,995 104.0 112.1 74.2 106.8 59.4 56.6

2007 2,996 104.6 111.1 74.1 107.4 59.5 57.4

2008 2,929 100.9 108.3 68.0 105.6 57.5 57.3

2009 2,935 095.9 110.8 68.8 105.7 58.2 56.9

2010 3,000 97.6 113.5 72.9 105.7 59.4 56.8

2011 2,946 94.8 111.7 77.5 103.4 58.6 56.7

2012 2,954 94.3 111.5 76.0 104.5 59.1 57.0

2013 2,972 95.1 112.7 79.4 105.5 59.5 57.0

2014 3,016 99.1 112.8 81.4 105.0 60.0 57.4

VMT described in billions of miles


33

MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC DEATHS IN MICHIGAN BY MONTH


YEAR January February March April May June July August September October November December TOTAL

1962 94 70 115 110 123 147 166 175 170 172 118 114 1,574

1963 107 95 124 142 148 173 188 177 163 179 196 195 1,887

1964 170 159 158 144 164 167 217 197 177 199 177 193 2,122

1965 153 113 135 143 156 181 211 220 193 214 172 245 2,136

1966 147 156 179 151 207 204 212 206 203 220 205 208 2,298

1967 130 105 141 162 187 140 210 189 223 230 216 204 2,137

1968 130 147 164 150 240 214 208 233 209 248 283 166 2,392

1969 137 158 173 169 239 236 218 254 230 236 219 218 2,487

1970 167 143 160 141 214 205 197 204 213 217 178 138 2,177

1971 137 124 155 144 187 212 222 227 155 209 202 178 2,152

1972 156 161 155 150 204 209 225 210 225 219 174 170 2,258

1973 187 156 173 140 180 230 225 201 204 209 171 137 2,213

1974 111 112 107 116 144 197 189 178 200 195 201 125 1,875

1975 120 97 112 93 149 169 195 203 190 162 161 160 1,811

1976 118 102 134 150 163 169 196 227 189 171 174 162 1,955

1977 126 87 122 143 184 179 223 194 164 189 181 158 1,950

1978 98 104 128 177 178 203 206 229 214 199 183 157 2,076

1979 102 103 129 152 146 155 190 171 174 187 171 169 1,849

1980 117 131 109 116 153 170 142 183 192 152 133 176 1,774

1981 99 100 108 116 116 155 159 171 149 155 113 148 1,589

1982 98 79 93 91 114 121 154 153 128 144 131 111 1,417

1983 113 94 83 91 91 127 121 117 131 153 115 95 1,331

1984 93 84 104 94 125 143 175 174 135 153 134 142 1,556

1985 108 91 77 133 137 167 146 136 131 135 161 147 1,569

1986 86 77 103 127 131 175 186 176 131 144 159 137 1,632

1987 91 104 99 106 138 165 151 176 149 164 161 128 1,632

1988 129 107 103 104 145 152 175 158 178 159 127 167 1,704

1989 138 102 94 96 123 156 156 177 155 146 123 164 1,630

1990 99 84 122 94 135 151 165 170 141 147 130 125 1,563

1991 103 79 115 106 129 145 130 141 125 129 104 119 1,425

1992 83 81 83 86 100 122 134 119 123 129 120 120 1,300

1993 123 91 89 72 127 103 149 140 131 146 134 109 1,414

1994 106 86 82 116 111 123 126 143 132 133 123 138 1,419

1995 122 90 109 111 118 141 127 159 157 134 136 133 1,537

1996 131 98 103 98 128 135 146 121 138 135 136 136 1,505

1997 102 106 85 80 128 140 166 130 128 134 125 122 1,446

1998 116 71 97 91 113 120 133 116 123 126 117 144 1,367

1999 76 84 92 98 125 116 128 160 128 129 130 120 1,386

2000 121 83 70 107 114 136 135 133 135 124 118 106 1,382

2001 79 99 102 83 106 113 143 131 143 120 109 100 1,328

2002 105 101 81 93 112 115 137 110 96 117 102 110 1,279

2003 97 80 88 100 84 96 132 127 111 122 130 116 1,283

2004 81 68 63 81 97 106 117 123 116 81 122 104 1,159

2005 73 77 68 77 105 95 130 96 102 112 110 84 1,129

2006 79 67 72 82 82 101 82 115 90 128 105 81 1,084

2007 69 70 81 67 92 96 104 117 111 88 98 91 1,084

34

MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC DEATHS IN MICHIGAN BY MONTH (Continued)


YEAR January February March April May June July August September October November December TOTAL

2008 73 57 63 66 88 85 101 100 92 84 106 65 980

2009 71 48 62 52 66 88 91 81 96 91 61 64 871

2010 64 55 59 63 82 81 101 98 84 99 79 72 937

2011 68 51 66 55 67 68 80 105 79 100 70 80 889

2012 54 67 81 62 75 100 95 90 86 87 68 71 936

2013 73 59 55 52 80 75 110 101 104 92 91 59 951

2014 47 63 47 75 76 92 96 85 88 70 68 69 876

35

MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC Crash and related data


YEAR DeathsNumber of

Persons InjuredCrashes

Estimated

Mileage

(Millions)

Motor Vehicle

Registrations*

Death Rate

Per 100 million

miles of travel

1962 1,574 108,143 233,078 34,498.0 3,498,758 4.6

1963 1,887 126,896 261,794 36,452.2 3,646,080 5.2

1964 2,122 144,623 284,444 38,617.6 3,860,791 5.5

1965 2,136 155,258 310,598 40,857.4 4,066,826 5.2

1966 2,298 156,694 302,880 43,940.1 4,133,199 5.2

1967 2,137 151,297 299,004 45,053.6 4,161,573 4.7

1968 2,392 160,413 305,495 48,047.4 4,327,885 5.0

1969 2,487 175,400 331,223 50,904.9 4,560,097 4.9

1970 2,177 161,719 313,715 53,148.1 4,683,919 4.1

1971 2,152 157,664 314,015 55,539.7 4,835,146 3.9

1972 2,258 178,929 359,745 57,817.1 5,160,985 3.9

1973 2,213 169,485 350,864 58,478.4 5,442,233 3.8

1974 1,875 141,132 324,763 55,748.7 5,652,406 3.4

1975 1,811 147,299 333,560 56,260.5 5,744,441 3.2

1976 1,955 162,894 365,600 61,638.0 5,861,908 3.2

1977 1,950 166,389 374,751 64,853.0 6,138,732 3.0

1978 2,076 169,202 389,193 67,380.0 6,436,365 3.1

1979 1,849 162,571 366,435 64,882.3 6,536,246 2.8

1980 1,774 144,972 314,594 61,190.1 6,570,735 2.9

1981 1,589 136,455 302,831 62,000.0 6,140,286 2.6

1982 1,417 130,061 294,971 61,321.0 6,400,942 2.3

1983 1,331 135,811 300,797 63,560.1 6,443,499 2.1

1984 1,556 150,740 335,193 65,727.0 6,509,192 2.4

1985 1,569 157,417 386,904 68,413.0 6,857,364 2.3

1986 1,632 158,032 400,694 70,622.0 6,952,263 2.3

1987 1,632 156,318 397,224 75,715.0 7,061,339 2.2

1988 1,704 155,713 410,437 77,700.0 7,196,609 2.2

1989 1,630 154,537 417,252 79,900.0 7,233,823 2.0

1990 1,563 145,179 387,180 81,200.0 7,300,853 1.9

1991 1,425 135,830 364,847 81,900.0 7,329,789 1.7

1992 1,300 118,727 344,942 84,000.0 7,411,192 1.5

1993 1,414 134,548 363,636 85,700.0 7,495,904 1.6

1994 1,419 142,200 398,050 85,600.0 7,669,022 1.7

1995 1,537 146,303 421,073 85,699.6 7,751,336 1.8

1996 1,505 142,553 435,477 87,700.0 8,106,972 1.7

1997 1,446 137,548 425,793 89,232.0 8,115,921 1.6

1998 1,367 131,578 403,766 91,616.0 8,227,016 1.5

1999 1,386 124,601 415,675 93,060.3 8,407,868 1.5

2000 1,382 121,826 424,852 94,915.1 8,569,124 1.5

2001 1,328 112,294 400,813 96,428.1 8,603,195 1.4

2002 1,279 112,484 395,515 98,173.2 8,690,326 1.3

2003 1,283 105,555 391,485 100,192.0 8,708,688 1.3

2004 1,159 99,680 373,028 101,820.2 8,578,224 1.1

36

MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC Crash and related data (continued)


YEAR DeathsNumber of

Persons InjuredCrashes

Estimated

Mileage

(Millions)

Motor Vehicle

Registrations*

Death Rate

Per 100 million

miles of travel

2005 1,129 90,510 350,838 103,158.6 8,464,905 1.1

2006 1,084 81,942 315,322 104,041.7 8,353,070 1.0

2007 1,084 80,576 324,174 104,643.8 8,409,163 1.0

2008 980 74,568 316,057 100,916.7 8,187,990 1.0

2009 871 70,931 290,978 95,910.1 8,145,728 0.9

2010 937 70,501 282,075 97,638.7 8,101,713 1.0

2011 889 71,796 284,049 94,754.1 8,131,862 0.9

2012 936 70,518 273,891 94,289.6 8,104,876 1.0

2013 951 71,031 289,061 95,135.8 8,171,406 1.0

2014 876 71,378 298,699 93,440.2 8,206,961 0.9

*Excludes trailers and trailer coaches, and includes mopeds

AGE


39

AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE


age Driver Injured Passenger Motorcyclist Bicyclist Pedestrian

Total Killed Injured Total Killed Injured Total Killed Injured Total Killed Injured Total Killed Injured

0* 43 0 1 198 2 196 0 0 0 190 0 131 168 0 135

1 17 0 1 174 0 172 0 0 0 1 0 1 7 0 4

2 1 0 0 170 0 170 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 5

3 1 0 0 170 0 169 0 0 0 2 0 1 18 1 13

4 4 0 0 241 1 240 0 0 0 2 0 2 11 0 9

5 2 0 2 218 1 217 0 0 0 5 0 5 22 1 20

6 0 0 0 276 1 275 0 0 0 9 0 9 14 0 12

7 3 0 2 264 0 263 1 0 1 10 0 7 21 0 20

8 2 0 1 258 0 255 1 0 1 10 0 9 21 1 18

9 1 0 1 292 0 292 1 0 1 18 0 12 22 1 19

10 4 0 4 284 1 283 2 0 1 20 0 17 12 1 7

11 2 0 0 274 3 271 2 0 2 26 0 21 12 0 9

12 11 0 6 300 2 298 0 0 0 42 1 33 27 0 26

13 36 0 18 309 1 308 3 0 3 42 0 38 18 0 17

14 118 1 29 400 3 395 7 0 5 82 0 65 42 0 32

15 534 1 81 489 2 487 6 0 6 50 0 42 41 2 37

16 6,868 3 676 559 4 555 8 0 5 54 0 47 64 1 52

17 9,956 7 958 553 7 544 18 0 12 61 1 51 73 1 64

18 12,306 13 1,314 583 11 572 36 1 29 50 0 42 67 3 53

19 13,024 12 1,458 546 7 536 60 1 45 60 0 50 74 0 63

20 12,781 11 1,362 482 8 471 61 2 42 56 0 49 59 2 49

21 12,969 17 1,423 491 6 482 67 5 49 47 0 36 62 4 48

22 13,015 17 1,480 469 6 461 88 2 61 32 0 28 56 2 47

23 12,770 16 1,442 441 6 434 98 3 70 45 0 39 57 4 47

24 12,076 16 1,384 395 5 389 98 6 61 30 1 20 47 1 38

25 11,144 14 1,221 323 4 316 78 2 60 23 1 19 43 2 39

26 10,396 13 1,151 314 2 311 74 3 56 30 0 21 43 3 37

27 9,729 11 1,034 261 0 261 64 2 46 26 0 23 34 5 27

28 9,333 9 1,055 231 0 231 67 3 53 25 0 20 33 4 26

29 8,912 7 920 231 2 229 50 0 34 23 0 18 31 1 27

30 8,425 9 882 213 4 206 60 3 45 23 0 18 25 1 23

31 8,630 11 924 222 4 216 61 4 45 15 0 11 25 3 19

32 8,422 6 928 177 1 176 45 1 38 10 1 6 41 1 34

33 8,240 10 903 185 5 180 38 2 31 14 0 13 31 1 20

34 8,159 5 910 181 6 174 50 1 40 13 0 10 28 1 27

35 7,997 5 890 171 1 169 44 1 34 14 1 11 34 1 32

36 7,620 8 817 170 4 165 35 1 25 15 0 13 30 8 17

37 7,480 6 747 167 0 167 40 1 30 11 0 8 34 1 31

*Driver age is calculated from birth date, and invalid date of birth entry errors result in age “0” drivers.

40

AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE (continued)




38 7,158 2 680 155 1 154 36 0 31 9 0 9 16 0 14

39 7,370 8 731 124 0 123 53 1 41 15 0 11 22 2 19

40 7,286 4 774 149 3 146 44 1 36 9 0 8 24 2 19

41 7,708 9 778 169 2 165 52 2 41 15 1 13 23 3 19

42 7,813 11 873 165 0 165 51 2 36 6 0 5 25 2 19

43 8,645 5 887 177 1 174 70 1 51 14 0 12 36 1 33

44 8,326 7 900 173 2 171 73 2 52 15 0 13 31 3 24

45 8,168 9 814 189 2 187 52 1 38 19 1 14 26 0 26

46 7,803 8 852 184 1 183 59 3 47 18 0 15 22 2 16

47 7,809 4 805 157 1 156 60 1 49 15 0 12 28 2 23

48 7,751 7 859 172 0 171 64 2 43 15 0 13 27 1 25

49 7,989 13 862 161 0 161 63 3 45 22 0 21 28 0 24

50 8,258 8 818 156 1 154 95 1 61 18 0 14 36 7 27

51 8,005 6 839 184 1 183 77 2 64 26 1 24 23 1 21

52 8,056 8 875 178 2 175 61 3 40 29 1 24 29 5 23

53 8,017 18 859 169 0 169 95 3 73 22 1 19 21 3 16

54 7,714 11 839 164 0 163 61 1 51 29 1 24 37 6 29

55 7,464 5 804 164 2 162 60 3 40 21 1 15 42 8 31

56 7,536 8 850 156 0 155 80 3 50 16 0 13 34 5 27

57 7,287 8 793 149 0 148 78 1 53 20 0 15 30 1 28

58 6,901 9 741 168 0 167 74 3 55 22 0 18 32 5 23

59 6,601 7 734 155 1 153 70 2 55 17 2 13 34 3 29

60 5,999 6 714 142 2 140 52 2 39 17 0 14 35 4 30

61 5,774 3 576 134 2 132 59 1 39 17 0 15 22 2 19

62 5,432 9 612 138 0 138 57 3 38 13 2 9 18 4 14

63 4,914 4 561 118 1 116 46 2 32 9 0 5 23 3 16

64 4,678 5 505 130 2 128 50 1 36 13 1 8 14 0 14

65 4,468 10 494 115 1 114 37 3 26 8 0 7 5 0 5

66 4,238 5 462 116 1 115 30 1 21 5 0 5 14 1 13

67 4,119 5 444 114 0 114 32 1 17 7 0 5 15 0 12

68 3,122 7 346 103 0 103 11 0 6 6 1 4 12 0 11

69 2,876 7 307 92 0 92 18 2 11 1 0 1 9 0 8

70 2,851 5 342 87 2 85 19 1 13 1 0 1 7 0 6

71 2,821 3 324 88 3 85 19 2 11 4 1 3 11 2 7

72 2,478 7 283 66 1 64 9 1 4 1 0 1 9 0 8

73 2,132 7 261 86 2 84 11 1 8 4 0 4 8 1 7

74 1,953 4 235 83 0 83 5 0 5 1 0 1 8 0 6

75 1,801 1 200 74 2 72 3 0 3 2 0 2 6 0 6

76 1,704 4 225 61 2 59 2 0 2 5 1 4 7 1 5

41

AGE and INJURY SEVERITY by PERSON TYPE (continued)




77 1,437 4 165 65 0 65 3 0 2 0 0 0 4 1 3

78 1,436 4 161 53 2 51 4 1 3 0 0 0 6 1 5

79 1,315 2 165 52 2 50 2 0 1 3 0 2 4 2 2

80 1,153 4 144 38 1 37 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 0 3

81 1,026 2 129 41 3 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

82 1,066 4 130 51 1 50 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3

83 916 4 110 33 1 32 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1

84 832 4 97 31 1 30 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 1 1

85 729 4 111 39 1 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3

86 643 3 92 42 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

87 574 0 63 34 2 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

88 423 2 64 24 1 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

89 369 1 53 12 0 12 0 0 0 1 0 1 4 1 3

90 284 2 39 8 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1

91 212 2 23 12 1 11 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

92 117 2 15 8 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1

93 96 0 17 8 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2

94 64 1 9 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

95 50 0 6 8 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

96 29 0 7 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

97 12 0 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

98 5 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

99 2 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

100 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

101 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

102 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

103 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

104 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

105 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

107 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

109 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown Age 45,237 0 116 44 0 24 95 0 7 62 0 10 62 0 27

2014 TOTALS 510,086* 540 50,603 17,673* 167 17,435 3,258* 107 2,309 1,763* 21 1,378 2,406* 148 1,962

*Includes 41,159 drivers with unknown injury severity and

417,784 with no injury

*Includes 71 passengers with unknown injury severity

*Includes 63 motorcyclists with unknown injury severity and

779 with no injury

*Includes 61 bicyclists with unknown injury severity and

303 with no injury

*Includes 72 pedestrians with unknown injury severity and

224 with no injury

42

DRIVER AGE 16-20


DRIVER ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH

all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes

Number of Drivers % of Total Number of

Drivers % of Total Number of Drivers % of Total

Going straight ahead 31,358 57.1 95 82.6 6,793 61.2

Turning left 4,826 8.8 4 3.5 1,236 11.1

Turning right 1,796 3.3 1 0.9 207 1.9

Stopped on roadway 3,589 6.5 1 0.9 717 6.5

In prior crash 64 0.1 0 0.0 13 0.1

Changing lanes 1,748 3.2 2 1.7 193 1.7

Backing 1,119 2.0 0 0.0 42 0.4

Slowing/stopping on roadway 6,067 11.0 3 2.6 978 8.8

Slowing/stopping other 81 0.1 0 0.0 10 0.1

Starting up on roadway 1,243 2.3 1 0.9 274 2.5

Starting up other 23 0.0 0 0.0 6 0.1

Entering parking 28 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.0

Leaving parking 176 0.3 0 0.0 33 0.3

Entering roadway 883 1.6 3 2.6 181 1.6

Leaving roadway 97 0.2 0 0.0 29 0.3

Making U-turn 94 0.2 1 0.9 23 0.2

Overtaking or passing 380 0.7 1 0.9 85 0.8

Avoiding object 83 0.2 0 0.0 21 0.2

Avoiding animal 154 0.3 0 0.0 48 0.4

Avoiding pedestrian 9 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.0

Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 550 1.0 0 0.0 109 1.0

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 204 0.4 0 0.0 40 0.4

Driverless moving 6 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Parked 105 0.2 2 1.7 11 0.1

Crossing at intersection 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Crossing not at intersection 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Getting on/off vehicle 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

In roadway with traffic 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

In roadway against traffic 2 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Standing/lying in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Pushing/working on vehicle 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Other working in roadway 2 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Playing in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

In roadway other reason 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Not in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Other 54 0.1 0 0.0 14 0.1

Unknown 190 0.3 1 0.9 27 0.2

TOTAL DRIVERS 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

43

DRIVER AGE 16-20 (continued)


MOST HARMFUL EVENTIN A NONCOLLISION




Loss of control 299 0.5 0 0.0 73 0.7

Cross center/median 47 0.1 0 0.0 12 0.1

Ran off road left 132 0.2 0 0.0 32 0.3

Ran off road right 208 0.4 0 0.0 31 0.3

Re-enter road 6 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.0

Overturn 1,659 3.0 13 11.3 636 5.7

Separation of units 13 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Fire/explosion 45 0.1 2 1.7 9 0.1

Immersion 10 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Jackknife 5 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Downhill runaway 3 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Cargo loss/shift 16 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Individual fell off 40 0.1 3 2.6 34 0.3

Other noncollision 120 0.2 0 0.0 24 0.2

SUBTOTAL 2,603 4.7 18 15.7 859 7.7

MOST HARMFUL EVENTIN A COLLISION WITH A

NONFIXED OBJECT




Pedestrian 138 0.3 17 14.8 111 1.0

Bicyclist 105 0.2 1 0.9 92 0.8

Motor vehicle in transport 40,783 74.2 54 47.0 8,414 75.8

Parked motor vehicle 1,281 2.3 1 0.9 146 1.3

Railway train 10 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.0

Animal 2,827 5.1 0 0.0 44 0.4

Other nonfixed objects 317 0.6 2 1.7 37 0.3

SUBTOTAL 45,461 82.8 75 65.2 8,848 79.7

For drivers age 16-20, an overturn is the most harmful event in a noncollision with the highest proportion of all crashes (3.0%), fatal crashes (11.3%), and injury crashes (5.7%).

44




FIXED OBJECT




Bridge/pier/abutment 49 0.1 1 0.9 17 0.2

Bridge parapet end 4 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.0

Bridge rail 67 0.1 0 0.0 13 0.1

Guardrail face 556 1.0 0 0.0 72 0.6

Guardrail end 80 0.1 0 0.0 12 0.1

Median barrier 687 1.3 1 0.9 148 1.3

Highway traffic sign post 409 0.7 0 0.0 18 0.2

Highway signal post 35 0.1 0 0.0 6 0.1

Luminaire/light support 81 0.1 0 0.0 8 0.1

Utility pole 461 0.8 1 0.9 131 1.2

Other pole 152 0.3 0 0.0 11 0.1

Culvert 85 0.2 3 2.6 21 0.2

Curb 246 0.4 0 0.0 24 0.2

Ditch 1,090 2.0 1 0.9 217 2.0

Embankment 286 0.5 0 0.0 59 0.5

Fence 132 0.2 0 0.0 14 0.1

Mailbox 288 0.5 0 0.0 13 0.1

Tree 1,499 2.7 15 13.0 474 4.3

Rail crossing signal 6 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.0

Building 76 0.1 0 0.0 25 0.2

Traffic island 6 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Fire hydrant 63 0.1 0 0.0 11 0.1

Impact attenuator 7 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Other fixed object 422 0.8 0 0.0 76 0.7




Unknown Event 84 0.2 0 0.0 12 0.1

MOST HARMFUL EVENT TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

For drivers age 16-20, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (2.7%), fatal crashes (13.0%), and injury crashes (4.3%).

45



CRASH TYPE all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Single Vehicle 11,911 21.7 45 39.1 2,237 20.2

Head On 843 1.5 23 20.0 330 3.0

Head On - Left Turn 1,707 3.1 3 2.6 646 5.8

Angle 11,825 21.5 31 27.0 2,994 27.0

Rear End 18,280 33.3 5 4.3 3,431 30.9

Rear End - Left Turn 807 1.5 0 0.0 211 1.9

Rear End - Right Turn 601 1.1 0 0.0 95 0.9

Sideswipe - Same Direction 5,132 9.3 1 0.9 458 4.1

Sideswipe - Opposite Direction 1,143 2.1 0 0.0 177 1.6

Other/Unknown 2,686 4.9 7 6.1 516 4.7

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

Based on crash type, drivers age 16-20 are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (33.3%) and injury crashes (30.9%). For fatal crashes the largest proportion is single vehicle crashes (39.1%),

RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAY(LOCATION OF FIRST

IMPACT)




On Road 47,205 85.9 84 73.0 9,373 84.5

Median 395 0.7 2 1.7 87 0.8

Shoulder 2,302 4.2 6 5.2 461 4.2

Outside of Shoulder/Curb 4,200 7.6 19 16.5 1,002 9.0

Gore 211 0.4 0 0.0 42 0.4

Other/Unknown 622 1.1 4 3.5 130 1.2

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

ROADWAY TYPE all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Interstate Routes 5,506 10.0 9 7.8 1,074 9.7

U.S. & Michigan Roads 15,340 27.9 31 27.0 3,148 28.4

County & City Roads 34,089 62.1 75 65.2 6,873 61.9

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

Other than on the road crashes, drivers age 16-20 have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (7.6%), fatal crashes (16.5%), and injury crashes (9.0%).

46



For drivers age 16-20, the 3:00 - 5:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (27.3%) and injury crashes (27.0%). The 9:00 - 11:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of fatal crashes (27.8%).

After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age 16-20 for all crashes (22.1%) and injury crashes (20.2%) occurs when the driver is unable to stop in an assured clear distance. For fatal crashes, the second highest category is speed too fast (16.5%).

TIME OF DAY all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



12:00 AM - 02:59 AM 2,128 3.9 19 16.5 491 4.4

03:00 AM - 05:59 AM 1,182 2.2 6 5.2 265 2.4

06:00 AM - 08:59 AM 6,446 11.7 12 10.4 1,144 10.3

09:00 AM - 11:59 AM 6,109 11.1 7 6.1 1,258 11.3

12:00 PM - 02:59 PM 10,448 19.0 10 8.7 2,169 19.5

03:00 PM - 05:59 PM 14,987 27.3 9 7.8 2,995 27.0

06:00 PM - 08:59 PM 8,270 15.1 20 17.4 1,678 15.1

09:00 PM - 11:59 PM 5,339 9.7 32 27.8 1,091 9.8

Unknown 26 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.0

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

Hazardous Action all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury CrashesHazardous Citation

IssuedNumber of

Drivers % of Total Number of Drivers % of Total Number of


None 18,428 33.5 36 31.3 3,250 29.3 114 0.6

Speed too fast 7,166 13.0 19 16.5 1,471 13.3 2,677 14.0

Speed too slow 48 0.1 0 0.0 8 0.1 26 0.1

Failed to yield 7,107 12.9 13 11.3 1,795 16.2 4,438 23.2

Disregard traffic control 1,341 2.4 5 4.3 532 4.8 957 5.0

Drove wrong way 52 0.1 2 1.7 16 0.1 24 0.1

Drove left of center 321 0.6 7 6.1 112 1.0 147 0.8

Improper passing 289 0.5 0 0.0 38 0.3 143 0.7

Improper lane use 1,156 2.1 0 0.0 99 0.9 638 3.3

Improper turn 591 1.1 1 0.9 90 0.8 321 1.7

Improper/no signal 101 0.2 0 0.0 17 0.2 24 0.1

Improper backing 836 1.5 0 0.0 21 0.2 320 1.7

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 12,153 22.1 3 2.6 2,237 20.2 7,183 37.6

Reckless driving 319 0.6 9 7.8 112 1.0 158 0.8

Careless/negligent driving 2,059 3.7 11 9.6 646 5.8 1,195 6.3

Other 2,086 3.8 3 2.6 436 3.9 694 3.6

Unknown 882 1.6 6 5.2 215 1.9 49 0.3

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0 19,108 100.0

47



DAY OF WEEK all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Monday 7,459 13.6 10 8.7 1,544 13.9

Tuesday 8,212 14.9 17 14.8 1,642 14.8

Wednesday 8,766 16.0 12 10.4 1,656 14.9

Thursday 9,098 16.6 17 14.8 1,762 15.9

Friday 9,600 17.5 14 12.2 1,934 17.4

Saturday 6,444 11.7 28 24.3 1,400 12.6

Sunday 5,356 9.7 17 14.8 1,157 10.4

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

DRIVER GENDER all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Male 29,620 53.9 82 71.3 5,760 51.9

Female 25,305 46.1 33 28.7 5,335 48.1

Unknown 10 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



1 occupant 40,177 73.1 66 57.4 7,369 66.4

2 occupants 10,476 19.1 18 15.7 2,529 22.8

3 occupants 2,712 4.9 21 18.3 726 6.5

4 occupants 1,015 1.8 4 3.5 305 2.7

5 occupants 264 0.5 5 4.3 105 0.9

6 + occupants 91 0.2 1 0.9 42 0.4

0 occupants 73 0.1 0 0.0 4 0.0

Unknown 127 0.2 0 0.0 15 0.1

TOTAL 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

For drivers age 16-20, male drivers (71.3%) account for almost two and a half times that of female drivers (28.7%) in fatal crashes.

48



VEHICLE TYPE all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Passenger Car and Station Wagon 47,618 86.7 91 79.1 9,484 85.5

Van and Motorhome 1,029 1.9 4 3.5 225 2.0

Pickup 5,188 9.4 13 11.3 1,017 9.2

Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 607 1.1 0 0.0 114 1.0

Motorcycle 157 0.3 4 3.5 114 1.0

Moped 68 0.1 0 0.0 53 0.5

Go Cart 4 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Snowmobile 22 0.0 2 1.7 10 0.1

Off Road Vehicle 47 0.1 0 0.0 41 0.4

Other 69 0.1 0 0.0 15 0.1

Unknown 30 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.0

CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 96 0.2 1 0.9 19 0.2

TOTAL NUMBER OF DRIVERS 54,935 100.0 115 100.0 11,095 100.0

Group “A” is any vehicle that is towing a vehicle or trailer that has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs.

Group “B” is any single vehicle (including buses) with a GVWR of 26,001 lbs. or more. This would include a combination of vehicles with a combined GVWR over 26,000 lbs. when towing a trailer that has a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less.

Group “C” is any single vehicle with a GVWR of less than 26,001 lbs. or a combination of vehicles having a combined GVWR under 26,001 lbs. when the vehicle is required to display placards for hazardous material or designed to carry 16 passengers (including driver). Group “C” is also any vehicle carrying 15 or less people (including driver) transporting children to or from school and home on a regular basis for compensation.

*

**

***

CDL Truck/BusSub-category Type




Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 31 32.3 0 0.0 5 26.3

Commercial Vehicle: Group B** 25 26.0 0 0.0 7 36.8

Commercial Vehicle: Group C*** 7 7.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

Other Truck 32 33.3 1 100.0 7 36.8

Unknown Truck 1 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Total Number of Vehicles 96 100.0 1 100.0 19 100.0

49

DRIVER AGE 21-64







Turning left 22,488 6.2 40 4.5 5,464 7.7

Turning right 10,107 2.8 15 1.7 1,388 2.0

Stopped on roadway 44,693 12.4 25 2.8 9,770 13.8

In prior crash 382 0.1 1 0.1 123 0.2

Changing lanes 8,867 2.5 14 1.6 1,041 1.5

Backing 7,817 2.2 4 0.4 333 0.5

Slowing/stopping on roadway 38,623 10.7 18 2.0 7,324 10.4


Starting up on roadway 6,812 1.9 5 0.6 1,418 2.0



Leaving parking 850 0.2 1 0.1 155 0.2

Entering roadway 3,996 1.1 6 0.7 800 1.1

Leaving roadway 449 0.1 5 0.6 122 0.2

Making U-turn 557 0.2 4 0.4 119 0.2

Overtaking or passing 2,079 0.6 16 1.8 338 0.5

Avoiding object 453 0.1 1 0.1 96 0.1

Avoiding animal 594 0.2 2 0.2 118 0.2


Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 2,899 0.8 13 1.5 667 0.9

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 1,189 0.3 4 0.4 247 0.3


Parked 1,971 0.5 3 0.3 224 0.3











Not in roadway 21 0.0 0 0.0 5 0.0

Other 377 0.1 3 0.3 71 0.1

Unknown 1,487 0.4 6 0.7 232 0.3

TOTAL DRIVERS 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0

50







Loss of control 1,661 0.5 0 0.0 455 0.6


Ran off road left 565 0.2 0 0.0 107 0.2

Ran off road right 1,072 0.3 3 0.3 180 0.3

Re-enter road 58 0.0 1 0.1 10 0.0

Overturn 5,757 1.6 58 6.5 2,399 3.4


Fire/explosion 243 0.1 7 0.8 19 0.0

Immersion 35 0.0 0 0.0 6 0.0

Jackknife 254 0.1 0 0.0 21 0.0


Cargo loss/shift 297 0.1 0 0.0 17 0.0



SUBTOTAL 11,563 3.2 82 9.2 3,737 5.3


NONFIXED OBJECT




Pedestrian 1,096 0.3 87 9.7 898 1.3

Bicyclist 947 0.3 13 1.5 729 1.0



Railway train 36 0.0 2 0.2 8 0.0

Animal 38,831 10.7 5 0.6 673 1.0

Other nonfixed objects 3,699 1.0 13 1.5 291 0.4

SUBTOTAL 320,298 88.5 670 74.8 60,826 86.0

For drivers age 21-64, an overturn is the most harmful event in a noncollision with the highest proportion of all crashes (1.6%), fatal crashes (16.5%), and injury crashes (3.4%)

51




FIXED OBJECT






Bridge rail 351 0.1 0 0.0 55 0.1

Guardrail face 2,917 0.8 6 0.7 508 0.7

Guardrail end 415 0.1 4 0.4 90 0.1

Median barrier 4,095 1.1 4 0.4 893 1.3

Highway traffic sign post 1,740 0.5 4 0.4 105 0.1



Utility pole 1,971 0.5 11 1.2 591 0.8

Other pole 664 0.2 0 0.0 95 0.1

Culvert 302 0.1 5 0.6 83 0.1

Curb 1,062 0.3 1 0.1 162 0.2

Ditch 4,182 1.2 7 0.8 844 1.2

Embankment 1,277 0.4 5 0.6 225 0.3

Fence 511 0.1 1 0.1 63 0.1

Mailbox 1,055 0.3 0 0.0 54 0.1

Tree 4,989 1.4 71 7.9 1,565 2.2


Building 344 0.1 9 1.0 128 0.2

Traffic island 35 0.0 0 0.0 9 0.0

Fire hydrant 269 0.1 1 0.1 40 0.1


Other fixed object 2,196 0.6 6 0.7 388 0.5




Unknown Event 530 0.1 0 0.0 107 0.2


For drivers age 21-64, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (1.4%), fatal crashes (7.9%), and injury crashes (2.2%).

52






Single Vehicle 78,808 21.8 285 31.8 10,423 14.7

Head On 5,281 1.5 188 21.0 2,280 3.2

Head On - Left Turn 8,967 2.5 35 3.9 3,583 5.1

Angle 67,226 18.6 192 21.4 17,678 25.0

Rear End 120,746 33.4 96 10.7 25,955 36.7

Rear End - Left Turn 4,185 1.2 5 0.6 1,087 1.5

Rear End - Right Turn 4,593 1.3 0 0.0 682 1.0

Sideswipe - Same Direction 42,549 11.8 18 2.0 3,906 5.5

Sideswipe - Opposite Direction 8,481 2.3 9 1.0 1,235 1.7

Other/Unknown 20,943 5.8 68 7.6 3,927 5.6

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0

Based on crash type, drivers age 21-64 are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (33.4%) and for injury crashes (36.7%). Single vehicle crashes are the largest proportion of fatal crashes (31.8%).


IMPACT)




On Road 328,863 90.9 712 79.5 63,495 89.7

Median 2,303 0.6 10 1.1 492 0.7

Shoulder 10,623 2.9 45 5.0 2,026 2.9

Outside of Shoulder/Curb 16,222 4.5 107 11.9 3,873 5.5

Gore 885 0.2 5 0.6 220 0.3

Other/Unknown 2,883 0.8 17 1.9 650 0.9

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0




Interstate Routes 51,092 14.1 118 13.2 10,041 14.2



TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0

Other than on the road crashes,drivers age 21-64 have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (4.5%), fatal crashes (11.9%), and injury crashes (5.5%).

53



For drivers age 21-64, the 3:00 - 5:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (25.3%) and injury crashes (26.8%). The 9:00 - 11:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of fatal crashes (15.6%).

After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age 21-64 for all crashes (13.9%) and injury crashes (14.2%) occurs when the driver is unable to stop in an assured clear distance. For fatal crashes, the second highest category is speed too fast (13.8%).




12:00 AM - 02:59 AM 12,127 3.4 113 12.6 2,613 3.7

03:00 AM - 05:59 AM 12,370 3.4 70 7.8 2,032 2.9

06:00 AM - 08:59 AM 56,136 15.5 122 13.6 9,111 12.9

09:00 AM - 11:59 AM 49,313 13.6 86 9.6 9,895 14.0

12:00 PM - 02:59 PM 63,904 17.7 101 11.3 13,531 19.1

03:00 PM - 05:59 PM 91,471 25.3 128 14.3 18,935 26.8

06:00 PM - 08:59 PM 50,712 14.0 136 15.2 9,707 13.7

09:00 PM - 11:59 PM 25,612 7.1 140 15.6 4,904 6.9

Unknown 134 0.0 0 0.0 28 0.0

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0


IssuedNumber of



None 199,688 55.2 373 41.6 36,122 51.1 602 0.8

Speed too fast 27,505 7.6 124 13.8 5,746 8.1 8,714 11.9

Speed too slow 262 0.1 1 0.1 58 0.1 71 0.1

Failed to yield 28,023 7.7 45 5.0 6,842 9.7 16,185 22.1

Disregard traffic control 6,327 1.7 32 3.6 2,436 3.4 3,876 5.3

Drove wrong way 276 0.1 10 1.1 94 0.1 105 0.1

Drove left of center 1,674 0.5 43 4.8 508 0.7 721 1.0

Improper passing 1,691 0.5 6 0.7 202 0.3 650 0.9

Improper lane use 6,847 1.9 7 0.8 711 1.0 3,192 4.4

Improper turn 3,109 0.9 3 0.3 444 0.6 1,375 1.9


Improper backing 5,622 1.6 2 0.2 156 0.2 1,773 2.4


Reckless driving 1,544 0.4 34 3.8 610 0.9 676 0.9

Careless/negligent driving 8,346 2.3 49 5.5 2,483 3.5 4,413 6.0

Other 12,788 3.5 55 6.1 2,608 3.7 3,475 4.8

Unknown 7,409 2.0 87 9.7 1,629 2.3 239 0.3

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0 73,077 100.0

54






Monday 51,517 14.2 102 11.4 9,905 14.0

Tuesday 57,044 15.8 111 12.4 10,975 15.5

Wednesday 60,657 16.8 107 11.9 11,274 15.9

Thursday 59,724 16.5 129 14.4 11,462 16.2

Friday 60,833 16.8 130 14.5 11,995 17.0

Saturday 40,908 11.3 172 19.2 8,549 12.1

Sunday 31,096 8.6 145 16.2 6,596 9.3

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0




Male 200,743 55.5 671 74.9 37,803 53.4

Female 160,964 44.5 225 25.1 32,944 46.6

Unknown 72 0.0 0 0.0 9 0.0

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0




1 occupant 285,187 78.8 668 74.6 50,942 72.0

2 occupants 51,337 14.2 154 17.2 13,017 18.4

3 occupants 14,144 3.9 41 4.6 3,993 5.6

4 occupants 5,908 1.6 16 1.8 1,677 2.4

5 occupants 1,802 0.5 9 1.0 563 0.8

6 + occupants 1,452 0.4 7 0.8 379 0.5

0 occupants 1,186 0.3 0 0.0 72 0.1

Unknown 763 0.2 1 0.1 113 0.2

TOTAL 361,779 100.0 896 100.0 70,756 100.0

For drivers age 21-64, male drivers (74.9%) account for almost three times that of female drivers (25.1%) in fatal crashes.

55



Vehicle Type all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes




Van and Motorhome 15,716 4.3 27 3.0 3,123 4.4

Pickup 42,955 11.9 129 14.4 7,279 10.3

Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 5,419 1.5 18 2.0 944 1.3

Motorcycle 2,488 0.7 94 10.5 1,870 2.6

Moped 251 0.1 2 0.2 205 0.3

Go Cart 18 0.0 0 0.0 7 0.0

Snowmobile 146 0.0 7 0.8 98 0.1

Off Road Vehicle 157 0.0 4 0.4 115 0.2

Other 1,530 0.4 1 0.1 293 0.4

Unknown 200 0.1 0 0.0 23 0.0

CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 12,016 3.3 86 9.6 2,101 3.0





*

**

***





Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 7,466 62.1 56 65.1 1,298 61.8

Commercial Vehicle: Group B** 2,928 24.4 22 25.6 533 25.4


Other Truck 1,138 9.5 8 9.3 218 10.4

Unknown Truck 113 0.9 0 0.0 7 0.3

Total Number of Vehicles 12,014 100.0 86 100.0 2,101 100.0

56

DRIVER AGE 65 and over







Turning left 4,903 10.4 22 11.4 1,348 13.9

Turning right 1,873 4.0 2 1.0 258 2.7

Stopped on roadway 5,360 11.3 7 3.6 1,213 12.5

In prior crash 35 0.1 0 0.0 12 0.1

Changing lanes 1,564 3.3 3 1.6 137 1.4

Backing 1,521 3.2 2 1.0 40 0.4

Slowing/stopping on roadway 4,003 8.5 3 1.6 827 8.5


Starting up on roadway 1,154 2.4 3 1.6 252 2.6



Leaving parking 196 0.4 0 0.0 37 0.4



Making U-turn 138 0.3 0 0.0 32 0.3



Avoiding animal 41 0.1 0 0.0 8 0.1





Parked 216 0.5 0 0.0 18 0.2











Not in roadway 2 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Other 29 0.1 0 0.0 7 0.1

Unknown 177 0.4 1 0.5 29 0.3

TOTAL DRIVERS 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0

57

DRIVER AGE 65 and over (continued)






Loss of control 131 0.3 0 0.0 38 0.4


Ran off road left 71 0.1 0 0.0 11 0.1


Re-enter road 11 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.0

Overturn 442 0.9 6 3.1 206 2.1


Fire/explosion 25 0.1 1 0.5 2 0.0

Immersion 4 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Jackknife 18 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0





SUBTOTAL 1,063 2.2 10 5.2 358 3.7


NONFIXED OBJECT




Pedestrian 206 0.4 15 7.8 170 1.7

Bicyclist 201 0.4 5 2.6 157 1.6



Railway train 5 0.0 1 0.5 2 0.0

Animal 4,754 10.0 0 0.0 80 0.8


SUBTOTAL 43,358 91.6 156 80.8 8,665 89.1

For drivers age 65 and over, an overturn is the most harmful event in a noncollision with the highest proportion of all crashes (0.9%), fatal crashes (3.1%), and injury crashes (2.1%)

58




FIXED OBJECT






Bridge rail 33 0.1 1 0.5 9 0.1

Guardrail face 222 0.5 0 0.0 53 0.5

Guardrail end 35 0.1 0 0.0 10 0.1

Median barrier 235 0.5 2 1.0 62 0.6




Utility pole 179 0.4 1 0.5 65 0.7

Other pole 68 0.1 0 0.0 15 0.2

Culvert 29 0.1 0 0.0 11 0.1

Curb 108 0.2 0 0.0 17 0.2

Ditch 432 0.9 3 1.6 95 1.0

Embankment 144 0.3 1 0.5 25 0.3

Fence 51 0.1 0 0.0 13 0.1

Mailbox 138 0.3 0 0.0 4 0.0

Tree 564 1.2 16 8.3 206 2.1


Building 69 0.1 0 0.0 22 0.2


Fire hydrant 26 0.1 0 0.0 5 0.1






Unknown Event 72 0.2 0 0.0 14 0.1


For drivers age 65 and over, a tree is the fixed object associated with the highest proportion of all crashes (1.2%), fatal crashes (8.3%), and injury crashes (2.1%).

59






Single Vehicle 8,785 18.6 48 24.9 1,225 12.6

Head On 631 1.3 37 19.2 299 3.1

Head On - Left Turn 1,593 3.4 14 7.3 657 6.8

Angle 11,986 25.3 55 28.5 3,188 32.8

Rear End 12,851 27.1 14 7.3 2,990 30.8




Sideswipe - Opposite Direction 1,087 2.3 1 0.5 141 1.5

Other/Unknown 2,915 6.2 13 6.7 515 5.3

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0

Based on crash type, drivers age 65 and over are involved in the largest proportion of rear end crashes for all crashes (27.1%) and angle crashes for fatal crashes (28.5%) and injury crashes (32.8%).


IMPACT)




On Road 43,870 92.6 159 82.4 8,887 91.4

Median 179 0.4 2 1.0 40 0.4

Shoulder 1,167 2.5 9 4.7 228 2.3

Outside of Shoulder/Curb 1,683 3.6 17 8.8 451 4.6

Gore 78 0.2 2 1.0 19 0.2

Other/Unknown 379 0.8 4 2.1 95 1.0

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0




Interstate Routes 4,153 8.8 19 9.8 869 8.9



TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0

Other than on the road crashes, drivers age 65 and over have the highest proportion where the first impact is outside the shoulder/curb for all crashes (3.6%), fatal crashes (8.8%), and injury crashes (4.6%)

60



For drivers age 65 and over, the 12:00 - 2:59 PM time period has the highest proportion of all crashes (26.8%), fatal crashes (25.4%), and injury crashes (28.7%).

After no hazardous action, the second highest hazardous action category for drivers age 65 and over for all crashes (15.1%), fatal crashes (13.5%), and injury crashes (18.9%) occurs when the driver fails to yield.




12:00 AM - 02:59 AM 493 1.0 3 1.6 76 0.8

03:00 AM - 05:59 AM 504 1.1 2 1.0 100 1.0

06:00 AM - 08:59 AM 4,069 8.6 14 7.3 725 7.5

09:00 AM - 11:59 AM 9,711 20.5 39 20.2 2,009 20.7

12:00 PM - 02:59 PM 12,693 26.8 49 25.4 2,785 28.7

03:00 PM - 05:59 PM 12,039 25.4 45 23.3 2,573 26.5

06:00 PM - 08:59 PM 5,689 12.0 29 15.0 1,082 11.1

09:00 PM - 11:59 PM 2,143 4.5 12 6.2 368 3.8

Unknown 15 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.0

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0


IssuedNumber of



None 24,429 51.6 70 36.3 4,574 47.1 61 0.6

Speed too fast 2,014 4.3 15 7.8 462 4.8 472 4.9

Speed too slow 30 0.1 0 0.0 9 0.1 12 0.1

Failed to yield 7,152 15.1 26 13.5 1,837 18.9 3,745 39.0

Disregard traffic control 1,158 2.4 15 7.8 450 4.6 692 7.2

Drove wrong way 49 0.1 4 2.1 13 0.1 13 0.1



Improper lane use 1,391 2.9 3 1.6 117 1.2 623 6.5

Improper turn 713 1.5 2 1.0 114 1.2 308 3.2


Improper backing 1,117 2.4 0 0.0 21 0.2 260 2.7



Careless/negligent driving 868 1.8 2 1.0 280 2.9 387 4.0

Other 1,689 3.6 15 7.8 355 3.7 394 4.1

Unknown 1,172 2.5 24 12.4 262 2.7 25 0.3

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0 9,596 100.0

61






Monday 6,965 14.7 23 11.9 1,379 14.2

Tuesday 7,634 16.1 31 16.1 1,546 15.9

Wednesday 7,581 16.0 22 11.4 1,572 16.2

Thursday 7,757 16.4 35 18.1 1,572 16.2

Friday 8,152 17.2 25 13.0 1,706 17.6

Saturday 5,184 10.9 33 17.1 1,071 11.0

Sunday 4,083 8.6 24 12.4 874 9.0

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0




Male 27,615 58.3 136 70.5 5,524 56.8

Female 19,735 41.7 57 29.5 4,195 43.2

Unknown 6 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0




1 occupant 36,723 77.5 132 68.4 7,016 72.2

2 occupants 8,914 18.8 48 24.9 2,264 23.3

3 occupants 963 2.0 4 2.1 271 2.8

4 occupants 335 0.7 4 2.1 94 1.0

5 occupants 83 0.2 2 1.0 27 0.3

6 + occupants 121 0.3 3 1.6 25 0.3

0 occupants 141 0.3 0 0.0 11 0.1

Unknown 76 0.2 0 0.0 12 0.1

TOTAL 47,356 100.0 193 100.0 9,720 100.0

For drivers age 65 and over, male drivers (70.5%) account for almost two and a half times that of female drivers (29.5%) in fatal crashes.

62



Vehicle Type all crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes




Van and Motorhome 2,163 4.6 14 7.3 458 4.7

Pickup 5,452 11.5 25 13.0 1,030 10.6


Motorcycle 196 0.4 12 6.2 134 1.4

Moped 28 0.1 1 0.5 23 0.2

Go Cart 3 0.0 1 0.5 0 0.0

Snowmobile 13 0.0 0 0.0 10 0.1

Off Road Vehicle 17 0.0 1 0.5 13 0.1

Other 113 0.2 6 3.1 28 0.3

Unknown 29 0.1 1 0.5 3 0.0

CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 667 1.4 9 4.7 109 1.1





*

**

***





Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 379 56.8 7 77.8 67 61.5

Commercial Vehicle: Group B** 193 28.9 2 22.2 30 27.5


Other Truck 43 6.4 0 0.0 9 8.3

Unknown Truck 11 1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0

Total Number of Vehicles 667 100.0 9 100.0 109 100.0

ALCOHOL


65

Vehicle Severity Total Crashes involving drinking, not drugs

Crashes involving drugs, not drinking

Crashes involving drinking and drugs

Total crashes involving drinking and/or drugs

Operator in Crash

Operator Drinking

Operator in Crash

Operator Drugs

Operator in Crash

Operator Drinking and

Drugs

Operator in Crash

Operator Drinking

and/or Drugs

Bicyclists

Total* 1,763 62 44 4 2 3 1 69 47

Killed 21 4 2 0 0 1 0 5 2**

Injured 1,378 49 34 4 2 2 1 55 37

DRIVERs

Total* 510,086 12,465 8,306 1,712 1,021 1,428 897 15,605 10,224

Killed 540 109 89 59 45 42 34 210 168**

Injured 50,603 3,025 2,291 503 348 430 309 3,958 2,948

Motorcyclists

Total* 3,258 238 200 19 14 31 23 288 237

Killed 107 19 16 14 10 12 10 45 36**

Injured 2,309 179 155 4 3 17 11 200 169

OrV/ ATV RIDERs

Total* 341 39 37 1 1 2 2 42 40

Killed 6 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3**

Injured 231 35 35 0 0 0 0 35 35

pedestrians

Total* 2,406 252 195 16 10 29 17 297 222

Killed 148 33 25 4 3 11 8 48 36**

Injured 1,962 202 161 12 7 17 8 231 176

snowmobilers

Total* 212 27 21 1 1 1 1 29 23

Killed 6 4 4 1 1 0 0 5 5**

Injured 117 15 12 0 0 1 1 16 13

ROADWAY INJURY EXPERIENCE FOR PERSONS WHO HAD BEEN DRINKING AND/OR USING DRUGS

**There were two bicyclists, 168 drivers, 36 motorcyclists, three ORV/ATV riders, 36 pedestrians, and five snowmobilers who were killed and coded as drinking and/or using drugs by the police officer.


*Total does include property damage only crashes

66

DRIVER DRINKING AND/OR USING DRUGS AND INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH BY AGE


age of driver in crash

all crashes fatal injury

Drinking Only

Drugs Only Both Total Drinking

OnlyDrugs Only Both Total Drinking

OnlyDrugs Only Both Total

13 years and under

1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

14 years 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0

15 years 5 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3

16 years 20 7 1 28 0 1 0 1 8 3 0 11

17 years 63 13 5 81 3 0 0 3 19 7 1 27

18 years 115 21 18 154 7 0 0 7 44 13 8 65

19 years 188 42 23 253 2 6 1 9 78 18 13 109

20 years 213 43 43 299 5 1 1 7 70 14 22 106

21 - 24 years 1,622 158 154 1,934 30 10 18 58 599 65 58 722

25 - 34 years 2,327 321 245 2,893 33 19 13 65 836 149 95 1,080

35 - 44 years 1,465 174 0 1,801 22 11 7 40 531 65 73 669

45 - 54 years 1,259 141 128 1,528 24 11 5 40 452 53 56 561

55 - 64 years 693 85 81 859 10 8 4 22 263 34 37 334

65 - 69 years 153 11 15 179 5 2 2 9 56 3 6 65

70 - 74 years 79 6 4 89 3 2 0 5 36 2 2 40

75 - 79 years 29 1 3 33 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 11

80 - 84 years 20 1 2 23 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 8

85 - 89 years 7 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4

90 years and over

2 1 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

Unknown 60 5 11 76 0 0 0 0 13 2 1 16

The driver age group 25 to 34 years represents the highest number of drinking and/or drug use in total crashes, fatal crashes, and injury crashes.

67

ALL CRASHES BY INJURY SEVERITY


c Injury

a Injury

FATAL

b Injury

property damage only

HAD-BEEN-DRINKING CRASHES BY INJURY SEVERITY

The majority of crashes do not involve injury (82.1%). Possible (C) injury crashes represent about two thirds of those that do involve injury.

The problem of the drinking driver, pedestrian, and/or cyclist is seen by comparing the two charts on this page. For all had-been-drinking crashes, injury levels are greater, and a fatality in the crash is eight times more likely when one of the crash-involved operators is reported as had-been-drinking (HBD).

82.1%

11.9% 4.3%

1.4%

0.3%

c Injury

A Injury

FATAL

b Injury


59.7%

17.7% 13.6%

6.7%2.4%

68

DEATH & INJURY FOR CRASH INVOLVED OCCUPANTS


Occupants in had-been-drinking crashes

The majority of occupants involved in crashes are not injured (85.9%). About 71% percent of those who are injured receive only possible (C) injuries.

Crashes involving drinking tend to be more serious than nondrinking crashes. The percentage of occupant fatalities is thirteen times higher than in all crashes and the incapacitating injury level (A) is about five times higher.

c Injury

a Injury

FATAL

b Injury


85.9%

10.0% 3.1%

0.9%

0.1%

c Injury

a Injury

FATAL

b Injury


65.6%

17.1%11.0%

5.0%1.3%

69

ALL DRIVERS INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED


As shown by the two charts above, death and injury are much more likely when drivers are ejected from vehicles.

When compared to the charts above, the had-been-drinking charts demonstrate that injury severity is much worse for drivers in a crash where drinking is reported in both ejected and non-ejected events.

NOT EJECTEDEJECTED

26.1%23.3%

15.8%

22.9%

11.9% 89.3%

7.7% 2.3%

0.6%

0.1%

c Injury a Injury FATAL b Injury no injury

NOT EJECTEDEJECTED

35.9%

20.7%

13.6%

5.4%

24.5% 71.5%

12.9%

10.6%

4.1%0.9%


had-been-drinking DRIVERS INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED

70

ALL OCCUPANTS CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED


As can be seen in the two charts above, death and injury are much more likely when occupants are ejected from vehicles.

When compared to the charts above, the charts of occupants of had-been-drinking crashes demonstrate that injury severity is much worse for occupants in a crash where drinking is reported in both ejected and non-ejected events.

NOT EJECTEDEJECTED

27.6%

25.5%

15.6%

18.7% 12.6%

86.1%

10.0% 3.0%

0.8%

0.1%


NOT EJECTEDEJECTED

39.8%

19.7%

10.4%4.8%

25.3% 66.7%

17.2%

10.8%

4.4%0.9%


OCCUPANTS of had-been-drinking CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY - EJECTED vs. NOT EJECTED

71

INJURY SEVERITY & RESTRAINT USE BY DRIVER INJURY


10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

all crashes-restraints used

FAtal (K) Incapacitating Injury (A)

Non-Incapacitating injury (b)

possible injury (C)

234 2,060 9,116 33,591

200

400

600

800

all crashes-restraints NOT used



possible injury (C)

141 321 448 710

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

HAD-been drinking crashes-restraints used



possible injury (C)

50 239 781 1,418

50

100

150

200

HAD-been drinking crashes-restraints not used



possible injury (C)

49 117 139 127

Note: Restraints used represent shoulder belts only used, lap belts only used, both lap and shoulder belts used, and restraint failure. Restraints not used represent no belts available and no belts used.

72

INJURY SEVERITY & RESTRAINT USE BY OCCUPANT INJURY


15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000

all crashes-restraints used



possible injury (C)

297 2,844 12,164 44,315

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

all crashes-restraints NOT used



possible injury (C)

201 562 927 1,585

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

HAD-been drinking crashes-restraints used



possible injury (C)

58 310 1,005 1,856

100

200

300

400

HAD-been drinking crashes-restraints not used



possible injury (C)

63 186 227 204

Note: Restraints used represent shoulder belts only used, lap belts only used, both lap and shoulder belts used, child restraints used, and restraint failure. Restraints not used represent no belts available; no belts used; and child restraint not used, unavailble, or improper use.

73

ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN FATAL CRASHES


Had-been-drinking fatal crashes were highest in number during the month of June. The number of total fatal crashes (total of non-had-been-drinking and had-been-drinking fatal crashes) reached highest levels in July.

Note: An alcohol-involved fatality is any person killed in a had-been-drinking crash.

j f m a m j j a s o n d TOTAL

10 14 13 18 17 32 24 24 22 21 11 16 222

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

had-been-drinking FATAL CRASHES BY MONTH


39 59 45 67 71 88 90 78 81 67 59 62 806

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Total FATAL CRASHES BY MONTH


11 14 13 21 18 34 25 25 23 22 12 18 236

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

ALCOHOL-INVOLVED FATALITIES BY MONTH


47 63 47 75 76 92 96 85 88 70 68 69 876

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

total FATALITIES BY MONTH

74

ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN FATAL CRASHES (Continued)


Saturday had the highest number of fatal crashes and the highest proportion (40.1%) of drinking-related fatal crashes in 2014.

The 9:00 PM to 11:59 PM time period had the highest number of HBD fatal crashes (70) and the highest number of total fatal crashes (142).

20

40

60

had-been-drinking FATAL CRASHES BY day of the week

80

MON TUES WED THURs FRI SAT SUN TOTALS

17 18 22 23 26 65 51 222

50

100

150

total FATAL CRASHES BY day of the week

200


101 101 96 105 111 162 130 806

25

50

75

100

had-been-drinking FATAL CRASHES BY time of day

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

TOTALS

57 18 8 7 3 14 45 70 222

50

100

150

200

total FATAL CRASHES BY time of day

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

TOTALS

108 62 87 79 88 111 129 142 806

75

ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN injury CRASHES



50

100

150

200

250

300

had-been-drinking injury CRASHES BY MONTH


hbd A injury Crashes

28 36 36 44 71 80 66 69 56 55 43 43 627

hbd B InjuryCrashes

70 49 117 99 113 122 121 118 122 139 100 112 1,282

hbd c injury Crashes

96 96 121 107 136 162 143 161 147 177 162 152 1,660

HBD

INJU

RY C

RASH

ES

total injury CRASHES BY MONTH


total injury crashes

5,232 4,008 3,707 3,293 4,288 4,578 4,385 4,623 4,759 4,850 4,925 3,875 52,523

TOTA

L INJ

URY

CRAS

HES

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Alcohol involvement in injury crashes is an important indicator of the alcohol impaired driving problem. In 2014, the highest number of had-been-drinking injury crashes occurred in October with 371. The highest proportion of had-been-drinking injury crashes occurred in June with 8.0 percent of the injury crashes involving alcohol.

76

ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN injury CRASHES (continued)



alcohol-involved injuries BY MONTH

50

100

150

200

250

350

300


alcohol-invloved A injuries

33 49 43 57 85 100 84 84 77 67 48 53 780

alcohol-invloved B Injuries

93 56 134 141 149 155 163 163 151 167 122 130 1,624

alcohol-invloved c injuries

145 158 198 157 209 234 235 231 226 261 221 204 2,479

alco

hol-

invo

lved

inju

ries

total injuries BY MONTH

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

7,000

6,000


total injuries 6,773 5,412 5,025 4,494 5,931 6,428 6,133 6,345 6,508 6,584 6,537 5,208 71,378

TOTA

L INJ

URie

s

77

ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN injury CRASHES (continued)


Had-been-drinking injury crashes follow the same basic trends as total crashes during the work week, but the weekend sees a dramatic increase in the proportion of had-been-drinking injury crashes to total injury crashes.

3,000

6,000

9,000

15,000

150

300

450

750

HBD

INJU

RY C

RASH

ES

TOTA

L INJ

URY

CRAS

HES

had-been-drinking injury CRASHES BY time of day

100

200

300

500

had-been-drinking injury CRASHES BY day of the week

400

2,000

4,000

6,000

10,000

8,000

Total injury crash frequencies peak in the hours between 3:00 PM and 5:59 PM, while had-been-drinking injury crash frequencies peak between midnight and 2:59 AM (a particularly hazardous travel period). These frequencies exclude 23 injury crashes (including four had-been-drinking injury crashes) where time of day was unknown.

12,000600


hbd a injuries

55 63 55 74 87 151 142 627

hbd b injuries

137 123 128 153 174 297 270 1,282

hbd c injuries

184 157 185 202 268 356 308 1,660

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm TOTALS

hbd a injuries

170 74 25 11 29 63 104 151 627

hbd b injuries

328 181 36 27 56 124 229 299 1,280

hbd c injuries

403 161 62 42 86 191 297 416 1,658

HBD

INJU

RY C

RASH

ES

TOTA

L INJ

URY

CRAS

HES


total injury

crashes7,178 7,901 8,118 8,330 8,723 6,761 5,512 52,523

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm TOTALS

total injury

crashes2,489 1,815 6,206 7,308 10,010 12,945 7,404 4,323 52,500

total injury CRASHES BY day of the week

total injury CRASHES BY time of day

78

MALE DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH


age of driver in crash Male drivers fatal injury property damage

onlyNumber % of Total Number % of Total A B C

13 years and under 84 0.0 0 0.0 5 14 15 50

14 years 67 0.0 1 0.1 6 7 17 36

15 years 278 0.1 2 0.2 15 30 43 188

16 years 3,539 1.3 5 0.6 42 197 460 2,835

17 years 5,248 2.0 15 1.7 52 286 658 4,237

18 years 6,749 2.6 23 2.6 122 343 847 5,414

19 years 7,181 2.7 20 2.2 115 378 922 5,746

20 years 6,903 2.6 19 2.1 103 366 869 5,546

21 - 24 years 27,099 10.3 117 13.1 408 1,429 3,627 21,518

25 - 34 years 49,806 19.0 180 20.2 792 2,448 6,229 40,157

35 - 44 years 42,267 16.1 124 13.9 624 1,888 5,369 34,262

45 - 54 years 45,203 17.2 142 15.9 693 1,939 5,674 36,755

55 - 64 years 36,368 13.9 108 12.1 567 1,574 4,542 29,577

65 - 69 years 11,045 4.2 46 5.2 164 469 1,433 8,933

70 - 74 years 7,190 2.7 37 4.1 137 326 966 5,724

75 - 79 years 4,449 1.7 16 1.8 81 224 621 3,507

80 - 84 years 2,850 1.1 18 2.0 39 153 428 2,212

85 - 89 years 1,563 0.6 11 1.2 33 105 223 1,191

90 years and over 518 0.2 8 0.9 6 39 77 388

Unknown 3,952 1.5 1 0.1 29 106 503 3,313

Total 262,359 100.0 893 100.0 4,033 12,321 33,523 211,589

The male driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of fatal crashes as well as the highest number of injury crashes and property damage only crashes.

Note: This table excludes 39,368 drivers of unknown gender.

79

MALE DRINKING DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH


AGE OF DRINKING DRIVERIN CRASH

Male drivers fatal injury property damage


13 years and under 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 1

14 years 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

15 years 6 0.1 0 0.0 1 2 0 3

16 years 15 0.2 0 0.0 1 1 3 10

17 years 48 0.7 3 1.9 1 5 8 31

18 years 90 1.3 5 3.2 14 11 11 49

19 years 156 2.3 3 1.9 8 26 31 88

20 years 182 2.7 4 2.5 12 33 20 113

21 - 24 years 1,343 20.0 42 26.6 82 215 214 790

25 - 34 years 1,837 27.3 35 22.2 122 241 319 1,120

35 - 44 years 1,136 16.9 23 14.6 66 165 199 683

45 - 54 years 1,015 15.1 20 12.7 84 129 181 601

55 - 64 years 611 9.1 12 7.6 48 79 111 361

65 - 69 years 136 2.0 7 4.4 9 14 28 78

70 - 74 years 69 1.0 3 1.9 3 11 18 34

75 - 79 years 25 0.4 0 0.0 1 4 5 15

80 - 84 years 19 0.3 0 0.0 0 3 3 13

85 - 89 years 5 0.1 0 0.0 0 1 1 3

90 years and over 1 0.0 1 0.6 0 0 0 0

Unknown 26 0.4 0 0.0 1 1 6 18

Total 6,721 100.0 158 100.0 453 941 1,158 4,011

The male drinking driver age group 21 to 24 years experienced the highest number of fatal crashes. The male drinking driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of crashes for injury crashes and property damage only crashes.

Note: This table excludes 36 unknown gender drinking drivers.

80

FEMALE DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH


age of driver in crash FEMale drivers fatal injury property damage


13 years and under 31 0.0 0 0.0 2 4 3 22

14 years 50 0.0 0 0.0 5 5 6 34

15 years 256 0.1 0 0.0 8 18 30 200

16 years 3,329 1.6 2 0.6 37 197 482 2,611

17 years 4,707 2.3 7 2.2 52 238 668 3,742

18 years 5,556 2.7 6 1.9 80 259 846 4,365

19 years 5,836 2.8 7 2.2 85 282 879 4,583

20 years 5,877 2.8 11 3.5 66 267 897 4,636

21 - 24 years 23,715 11.4 39 12.4 256 1,084 3,624 18,712

25 - 34 years 41,565 19.9 55 17.5 494 1,849 6,309 32,858

35 - 44 years 35,119 16.9 46 14.6 428 1,417 5,264 27,964

45 - 54 years 34,352 16.5 49 15.6 378 1,376 5,104 27,445

55 - 64 years 26,213 12.6 36 11.4 293 1,121 3,947 20,816

65 - 69 years 7,776 3.7 15 4.8 105 309 1,194 6,153

70 - 74 years 5,044 2.4 9 2.9 68 254 747 3,966

75 - 79 years 3,243 1.6 12 3.8 52 165 463 2,551

80 - 84 years 2,142 1.0 14 4.4 38 127 298 1,665

85 - 89 years 1,175 0.6 6 1.9 15 90 187 877

90 years and over 355 0.2 1 0.3 7 29 47 271

Unknown 2,018 1.0 0 0.0 11 48 240 1,719

Total 208,359 100.0 315 100.0 2,480 9,139 31,235 165,190

The female driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of fatal crashes as well as the highest number of injury crashes and property damage only crashes.

Note: This table excludes 39,368 drivers of unknown gender.

81

FEMALE DRINKING DRIVERS BY AGE & INJURY SEVERITY IN CRASH


AGE OF DRINKING DRIVERIN CRASH

feMale drivers fatal injury property damage


13 years and under 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

14 years 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

15 years 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

16 years 6 0.2 0 0.0 1 1 1 3

17 years 20 0.8 0 0.0 3 1 2 14

18 years 43 1.7 2 5.3 2 6 8 25

19 years 55 2.2 0 0.0 2 15 9 29

20 years 74 3.0 2 5.3 6 6 15 45

21 - 24 years 433 17.6 6 15.8 11 48 87 281

25 - 34 years 735 29.9 11 28.9 48 83 118 475

35 - 44 years 491 20.0 6 15.8 28 61 85 311

45 - 54 years 372 15.1 9 23.7 15 36 63 249

55 - 64 years 163 6.6 2 5.3 10 22 30 99

65 - 69 years 32 1.3 0 0.0 2 4 5 21

70 - 74 years 14 0.6 0 0.0 1 2 3 8

75 - 79 years 7 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 1 6

80 - 84 years 3 0.1 0 0.0 0 1 1 1

85 - 89 years 3 0.1 0 0.0 0 0 2 1

90 years and over 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 1

Unknown 9 0.4 0 0.0 0 0 1 8

Total 2,461 100.0 38 100.0 129 286 431 1,577

The female drinking driver age group 25 to 34 years experienced the highest number of fatal crashes as well as the highest number of injury crashes and property damage only crashes.

Note: This table excludes 36 unknown gender drinking drivers.

82

TRAFFIC FATALITIES WITH DRINKING INVOLVEMENT BY COUNTY


Where HBD Traffic Fatalities Occurred A One-Year Comparison

2014 = 236 / 2013 = 284

Where HBD Traffic Fatalities Occurred A One-Year Comparison

2014 = 236 / 2013 = 284

83

Counties shaded in orange have HBD fatal crash rates above the state average. This means that these counties experienced a higher number of HBD fatal crashes per 1,000 residents than the state average of 0.0224.

HBD Fatal Crash Rates State average: 0.0224 per 1,000 residents

COUNTY RANKING BY HBD FATAL CRASH RATE



DEER


87

MICHIGAN MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER INVOLVED CRASHES


Michigan motorists reported 45,690 vehicle-deer crashes in 2014. As a result of those collisions, 1,072 people were injured and six people were killed. All six of the people killed were motorcycle riders. Of the 45,879 vehicles involved, 34,791 (75.8%) were passenger cars, 7,977 (17.4%) were pickups, and 1,771 (3.9%) were minivans, vans, or motorhomes. All other vehicle types (including motorcycle, snowmobile, ORV/ATV, large truck, and moped; uncoded and errors are also included) totaled 1,340 (2.9%).

Motor vehicle-deer crashes occurred most often in Michigan’s heavily populated southern counties; Oakland County had the highest number with 1,750 in 2014.

88

LIGHT CONDITION AND TIME OF DAY IN MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER CRASHES


LIGHT CONDITION All crashes fatal injury property damage


Daylight 10,541 23.1 2 33.3 34 101 187 10,217

Dawn 4,143 9.1 0 0.0 7 21 48 4,067

Dusk 2,204 4.8 1 16.7 2 14 45 2,142

Dark – Lighted 1,736 3.8 0 0.0 1 11 34 1,690

Dark – Unlighted 26,312 57.6 3 50.0 30 113 318 25,848

Other/Unknown 754 1.7 0 0.0 0 0 2 752

Total 45,690 100.0 6 100.0 74 260 634 44,716

The highest number of reported vehicle-deer collisions occurred during the 6:00 PM to 8:59 PM time period, when 23.8 percent (10,857) vehicle-deer crashes occurred. The 9:00 PM to 11:59 PM time period had the highest number of fatal vehicle-deer crashes, with two.

Note: Time and Severity chart excludes 32 crashes where time of day is unknown.

4,000

8,000

12,000

16,000

time and severity of motor vehicle— All Deer Crashes

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

TOTALS

3,329 4,861 9,766 2,428 1,889 3,605 10,857 8,923 45,658

1

2

3

4

time and severity of motor vehicle— fatal Deer Crashes

12:00-2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

TOTALS

1 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 6

89

MONTHLY AND SEASONAL RATES FOR MOTOR VEHICLE-DEER CRASHES


month All crashes fatal injury property damage


January 2,850 6.2 0 0.0 1 1 20 2,828

February 2,271 5.0 0 0.0 1 0 10 2,260

March 3,929 8.6 0 0.0 1 11 32 3,885

April 3,193 7.0 0 0.0 3 14 36 3,140

May 3,124 6.8 1 16.7 8 30 56 3,029

June 3,757 8.2 1 16.7 19 38 90 3,609

July 2,632 5.8 1 16.7 10 35 53 2,533

August 1,883 4.1 2 33.3 6 25 37 1,813

September 2,699 5.9 1 16.7 11 23 50 2,614

October 6,762 14.8 0 0.0 7 42 104 6,609

November 7,850 17.2 0 0.0 4 25 94 7,727

December 4,740 10.4 0 0.0 3 16 52 4,669

Total 45,690 100.0 6 100.0 74 260 634 44,716

Of the total 45,690 reported vehicle-deer collisions, 42.4 percent (19,352) occurred during the fourth quarter of the year.

Note: Time and Severity chart excludes 32 crashes where time of day is unknown.

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

motor vehicle— Deer Crashes

Jan–Mar apr–jun jul–sept Oct–dec

9,050 10,074 7,214 19,352


CRASH(circumstances common to all traffic units in a crash)


93

7,000

14,000

21,000

28,000

35,000

42,000

total crashes


38,199 27,420 24,216 17,894 21,278 22,054 19,891 20,424 22,016 27,821 34,134 23,352 298,699

ALL CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY BY MONTH


20

40

60

80

100

120

fatal crashes


39 59 45 67 71 88 90 78 81 67 59 62 806

94

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

injury crashes


5,232 4,008 3,707 3,293 4,288 4,578 4,385 4,623 4,759 4,850 4,925 3,875 52,523

ALL CRASHES INJURY SEVERITY BY MONTH (Continued)


7,000

14,000

21,000

28,000

35,000

42,000

property damage only crashes


32,928 23,353 20,464 14,534 16,919 17,388 15,416 15,723 17,176 22,904 29,150 19,415 245,370


CRASH EXPERIENCE BY highway class

highway class all crashes Fatal Crashes injury crashesProperty Damage

Only

Interstate Routes 38,380 98 6,877 31,405

U.S. & Michigan Roads 86,352 250 15,583 70,519

County & City Roads 173,967 458 30,063 143,446

TOTAL 298,699 806 52,523 245,370

The majority of all crashes (58.2%), fatal crashes (56.8%), injury crashes (57.2%), and property damage only crashes (58.5%) occur on county and city roads.

Interstate Routes U.S. & Michigan Roads County & City Roads

all crashes fatal crashes

28.9%

12.8%

58.2%31.0%

12.2%

56.8%

96

CRASH EXPERIENCE BY crash TYPE


Crash type all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Single Vehicle 101,783 34.1 411 51.0 1,698 4,744 8,074 86,856

Head On 3,903 1.3 119 14.8 275 454 739 2,316

Head On - Left Turn 6,152 2.1 25 3.1 204 731 1,452 3,740

Angle 48,216 16.1 136 16.9 824 2,931 8,108 36,217

Rear End 76,022 25.5 47 5.8 518 2,343 12,079 61,035

Rear End - Left Turn 2,788 0.9 3 0.4 19 152 507 2,107

Rear End - Right Turn 2,976 1.0 0 0.0 9 57 358 2,552

Sideswipe - Same Direction 31,673 10.6 15 1.9 139 473 1,885 29,161

Sideswipe - Opposite Direction 6,513 2.2 5 0.6 60 203 523 5,722

Other/Unknown 18,673 6.3 45 5.6 299 822 1,843 15,664

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

The single vehicle crash type produces the highest percentage all crashes (34.1%), fatal crashes (51.0%), and property damage only crashes (35.4%). Single vehicle crashes include rollovers, which are a particularly deadly crash type. The rear end crash type produces the highest percentage of injury crashes (28.4%).

LOCATION OFFIRST IMPACT

all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


On Road 254,875 85.3 572 71.0 2,968 9,933 30,204 211,198

Median 2,665 0.9 10 1.2 60 157 350 2,088

Shoulder 13,773 4.6 54 6.7 248 803 1,472 11,196

Outside of Shoulder/Curb 22,548 7.5 142 17.6 653 1,686 2,934 17,133

Gore 1,139 0.4 6 0.7 22 84 158 869

Other/Unknown 3,699 1.2 22 2.7 94 247 450 2,886

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

Only 7.5 percent of crashes occur outside the shoulder of the road, but these crashes account for 17.6 percent of the fatal crashes.

Relationship to roadway

97

time and severity


Time of day all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


12:00 AM - 2:59 AM 13,479 4.5 108 13.4 326 782 1,381 10,882

3:00 AM - 5:59 AM 12,651 4.2 62 7.7 223 560 1,032 10,774

6:00 AM - 8:59 AM 43,643 14.6 87 10.8 460 1,422 4,324 37,350

9:00 AM - 11:59 AM 39,781 13.3 79 9.8 457 1,715 5,136 32,394

12:00 PM - 2:59 PM 50,613 16.9 88 10.9 655 2,377 6,978 40,515

3:00 PM - 5:59 PM 67,498 22.6 111 13.8 875 3,005 9,065 54,442

6:00 PM - 8:59 PM 44,153 14.8 129 16.0 598 1,860 4,946 36,620

9:00 PM - 11:59 PM 26,591 8.9 142 17.6 450 1,180 2,693 22,126

Unknown 290 0.1 0 0.0 1 9 13 267

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

Crash frequencies peak in the late afternoon, then drop off steadily until 6:00 AM (the morning rush hour). Fatal crash frequencies rise with the frequency of other crashes, but continue at a high rate well into the early morning hours. The highest percentage of fatal crashes occurs during the 9:00 PM to 11:59 PM time period (17.6%).

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

all CRASHES BY time of day

12:00 -2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

13,479 12,651 43,643 39,781 50,613 67,498 44,153 26,591

40

80

120

160

FATAL CRASHES BY time of day

12:00 -2:59Am

3:00-5:59Am

6:00-8:59Am

9:00-11:59Am

12:00-2:59pm

3:00-5:59pm

6:00-8:59pm

9:00-11:59pm

108 62 87 79 88 111 129 142

98

day of week


day of week all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Monday 41,813 14.0 101 12.5 478 1,653 5,047 34,534

Tuesday 45,135 15.1 101 12.5 528 1,900 5,473 37,133

Wednesday 48,131 16.1 96 11.9 558 1,887 5,673 39,917

Thursday 48,198 16.1 105 13.0 590 1,975 5,765 39,763

Friday 49,347 16.5 111 13.8 638 2,084 6,001 40,513

Saturday 36,385 12.2 162 20.1 649 1,866 4,246 29,462

Sunday 29,690 9.9 130 16.1 604 1,545 3,363 24,048

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

Crash frequencies are higher Monday through Friday than on the weekend. Saturday (162) and Sunday (130) have the highest number of fatal crashes.

15,000

30,000

45,000

all CRASHES BY day of the week

60,000

MON TUES WED THURs FRI SAT SUN

41,813 45,135 48,131 48,198 49,347 36,385 29,690

50

100

150

FATAL CRASHES BY day of the week

200

MON TUES WED THURs FRI SAT SUN

101 101 96 105 111 162 130

99

road condition


road surface condition all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Dry 180,150 60.3 609 75.6 2,823 8,939 22,596 145,183

Wet 44,061 14.8 109 13.5 526 1,831 5,857 35,738

Icy 32,668 10.9 46 5.7 350 1,058 3,506 27,708

Snowy 33,066 11.1 32 4.0 248 839 2,946 29,001

Muddy 366 0.1 1 0.1 18 27 30 290

Slushy 4,025 1.3 5 0.6 47 135 439 3,399

Debris 207 0.1 1 0.1 7 25 25 149

Other/Unknown 4,156 1.4 3 0.4 26 56 169 3,902

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

The majority of all crashes (60.3%), fatal crashes (75.6%), injury crashes (65.4%), and property damage only crashes (59.2%) occur on dry roads.

wetdry icy snowy slushymuddy debris other/unknown

0.1%

1.3%

0.1%

1.4%

60.3%

14.8%10.9%

11.1% 0.1%

0.6%

0.1%

0.4%

75.6%

13.5%

5.7%

4.0%


100

weather condition


Weather condition all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Clear 158,186 53.0 497 61.7 2,400 7,548 19,299 128,442

Cloudy 73,668 24.7 203 25.2 958 3,112 8,901 60,494

Fog/Smoke 1,574 0.5 3 0.4 19 81 160 1,311

Rain 23,294 7.8 55 6.8 293 1,040 3,172 18,734

Snow/Blowing Snow 35,213 11.8 40 5.0 336 986 3,632 30,219

Severe Wind 1,354 0.5 5 0.6 16 53 110 1,170

Sleet/Hail 872 0.3 2 0.2 3 35 108 724

Other/Unknown 4,538 1.5 1 0.1 20 55 186 4,276

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

The majority of all crashes (53.0%), fatal crashes (61.7%), injury crashes (55.7%), and property damage only crashes (52.3%) occur during clear weather conditions.

CLOUDYCLEAR FOG/SmoKE Rain Severe WindSnow/ Blowing Snow Sleet/hail other/unknown

0.5%

0.5%

0.3%

1.5%

53.0%

24.7%

11.8%

7.8% 0.4%

0.6%

0.2%

0.1%

61.7%

25.2%

6.8%

5.0%


101

light condition


light condition all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Daylight 188,408 63.1 369 45.8 2,544 8,708 25,173 151,614

Dawn 10,447 3.5 21 2.6 81 298 796 9,251

Dusk 7,929 2.7 33 4.1 83 288 833 6,692

Dark – Lighted 34,029 11.4 122 15.1 617 1,693 4,736 26,861

Dark – Unlighted 54,653 18.3 260 32.3 708 1,894 3,939 47,852

Other/Unknown 3,233 1.1 1 0.1 12 29 91 3,100

TOTAL 298,699 100.0 806 100.0 4,045 12,910 35,568 245,370

The majority of all crashes (63.1%) , fatal crashes (45.8%), injury crashes (69.4%), and property damage only crashes (61.8%) occur during daylight hours.

DawnDaylight Dusk Dark-lighted Dark-unlighted other/unknown

3.5%

2.7%

1.1%63.1%18.3%

11.4%

2.6%

4.1%

0.1%

45.8%

15.1%

32.3%


102

INTERSECTION CRASHES BY TRAFFIC CONTROL TYPE


traffic control type all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Signal 43,485 48.5 79 36.7 564 2,295 7,482 33,065

Stop Sign 20,882 23.3 75 34.9 414 1,291 3,398 15,704

Yield Sign 2,051 2.3 2 0.9 25 81 284 1,659

None of These 22,771 25.4 58 27.0 313 1,155 3,194 18,051

Unknown 437 0.5 1 0.5 2 11 65 358

TOTAL 89,626 100.0 215 100.0 1,318 4,833 14,423 68,837

Compared to other intersection crashes, intersections with signals have the highest percentage of all crashes (48.5%), fatal crashes (36.7%), injury crashes (50.3%), and property damage only crashes (48.0%).

stop signsignal yield sign none of these unknown

2.3%

0.5%

48.5%

25.4%

23.3%

0.9%

0.5%

36.7%

34.9%

27.0%


103

construction zone crashes


Construction zone type all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Construction/MaintenanceIndicates roadway construction, maintenance, or repair. The building, maintenance, or repair of the road itself and road-way-related features (e.g., overhead signs, signals).

Activity—On Road

Lane Closed 1,743 47.0 7 41.2 21 68 232 1,415

Lane Open 919 24.8 4 23.5 12 51 106 746

Unknown Lane Closure 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

Activity—Off Road

Lane Closed 142 3.8 1 5.9 5 4 19 113

Lane Open 154 4.1 2 11.8 5 7 16 124


Activity—None

Lane Closed 361 9.7 2 11.8 4 11 62 282

Lane Open 389 10.5 1 5.9 6 14 50 318


Activity—Unknown

Lane Closed 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 1

Lane Open 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0


SUBTOTAL 3,711 100.0 17 100.0 53 155 486 3,000

Utility Indicates work on facilities other than the roadway such as telephone, electrical, cable television, water, or sewer.

Activity—On Road

Lane Closed 69 7.4 0 0.0 0 2 10 57

Lane Open 501 53.9 1 50.0 3 17 43 437


Activity—Off Road

Lane Closed 22 2.4 0 0.0 1 2 3 16

Lane Open 49 5.3 0 0.0 2 3 6 38


104

construction zone crashes (continued)


Construction zone type all crashes fatal crashes injury crashes property damage


Activity—None

Lane Closed 13 1.4 0 0.0 0 0 5 8

Lane Open 276 29.7 1 50.0 3 9 41 222


Activity—Unknown

Lane Closed 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

Lane Open 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0


SUBTOTAL 930 100.0 2 100.0 9 33 108 778

unknown Unknown type, unknown lane closures,activity none

SUBTOTAL 1,520 1 28 61 176 1,254

TOTAL 6,161 20 90 249 770 5,032

VEHICLE/DRIVER(characteristics specific to individual traffic units)


107

vEHICLE TYPE and CRASH INVOLVEMENT


Vehicle Type Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash injury crash

Property damage

only

fatality in vehicle injury No injury

Number of Vehicles % of Total Number % of Total Number % of Total

Passenger Car and Station Wagon 396,481 77.7 783 61.2 75,107 320,591 410 62.7 46,579 349,492

Van and Motorhome 20,392 4.0 46 3.6 4,008 16,338 17 2.6 2,268 18,107

Pickup 57,763 11.3 174 13.6 9,801 47,788 84 12.8 4,957 52,722

Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 7,134 1.4 21 1.6 1,216 5,897 8 1.2 662 6,464

Motorcycle 2,934 0.6 110 8.6 2,135 689 104 15.9 2,091 739

Moped 403 0.1 3 0.2 314 86 3 0.5 307 93

Go Cart 32 0.0 1 0.1 13 18 1 0.2 10 21

Snowmobile 204 0.0 9 0.7 126 s69 6 0.9 114 84

Off-Road Vehicle/ATV 288 0.1 6 0.5 220 62 6 0.9 207 75

Other 2,155 0.4 9 0.7 392 1,754 4 0.6 191 1,960

Unknown 8,957 1.8 20 1.6 786 8,151 1 0.2 17 8,939

CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 13,343 2.6 98 7.7 2,292 10,953 10 1.5 615 12,718

Total Number of Vehicles 510,086 100.0 1,280 100.0 96,410 412,396 654 100.0 58,018 451,414


Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash injury crash

Property damage

only

fatality in vehicle injury No injury

Number of Vehicles % of Total Number % of Total Number % of Total

Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 7,993 59.9 63 64.3 1,383 6,547 7 70.0 301 7,685

Commercial Vehicle: Group B**

3,218 24.1 25 25.5 586 2,607 3 30.0 209 3,006

Commercial Vehicle: Group C***

419 3.1 0 0.0 48 371 0 0.0 27 392

Other Truck 1,263 9.5 10 10.2 245 1,008 0 0.0 76 1,187

Unknown Truck 448 3.4 0 0.0 30 418 0 0.0 2 446

Total Number of Vehicles 13,341 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 10,951 10 100.0 615 12,716

Note: School bus cannot be broken out of CDL Truck/Bus




*

**

***

108

VEHICLE TYPES IN CRASHES BY CRASH severity


van, minivan, motorhomePassnger car, station wagon pickup truck under 10,000 lbs. cdl truck/busmotorcycle other

61.2%

13.6%

8.6%

7.7%

3.6%

1.6%

3.8%

77.9%

10.2%

2.2%

1.9%

4.2%

1.3%

2.4%

77.7%

11.6%

0.2%

2.5%

4.0%

1.4%

2.7%

fatal

injury Property Damage Only

The chart shows that 80.0 percent of vehicles involved in fatal crashes are passenger vehicles (passenger cars, station wagons, vans, minivans, motorhomes, pickups, or trucks under 10000 lbs.). Motorcycles have a fatal crash involvement of 8.6 percent.

As with fatal crashes, injury crashes (77.9%) and property damage only (PDO) crashes (77.7%) are represented primarily by passenger cars and station wagons.

Note: “Other” consists of moped, go-cart, snowmobile, off-road vehicle, other, and unknown.

109

ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH


DRIVER ACTION Vehicles fatal crash injury crash property damage only

Number % of Total A B C

Going straight ahead 271,712 53.3 952 4,454 13,526 36,384 216,396

Turning left 33,471 6.6 68 575 2,281 5,406 25,141

Turning right 14,628 2.9 18 109 461 1,395 12,645

Stopped on roadway 54,512 10.7 35 435 2,014 9,418 42,610

In prior crash 556 0.1 1 21 37 112 385

Changing lanes 13,718 2.7 19 113 312 1,073 12,201

Backing 11,551 2.3 6 24 85 332 11,104

Slowing/stopping on roadway 49,750 9.8 24 329 1,480 7,488 40,429

Slowing/stopping other 710 0.1 1 6 22 108 573

Starting up on roadway 9,365 1.8 9 105 376 1,481 7,394

Starting up other 139 0.0 1 3 5 17 113

Entering parking 465 0.1 0 1 14 32 418

Leaving parking 1,326 0.3 1 24 66 146 1,089

Entering roadway 6,135 1.2 16 84 300 851 4,884

Leaving roadway 683 0.1 7 23 56 104 493

Making U-turn 880 0.2 5 24 47 123 681

Overtaking or passing 3,095 0.6 19 64 131 304 2,577

Avoiding object 593 0.1 1 16 41 67 468

Avoiding animal 797 0.2 2 21 48 105 621

Avoiding pedestrian 102 0.0 6 10 7 26 53

Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 3,711 0.7 17 88 231 502 2,873

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 1,529 0.3 7 37 89 183 1,213

Driverless moving 254 0.0 1 6 10 24 213

Parked 18,043 3.5 33 122 414 872 16,602

Crossing at intersection 17 0.0 0 0 1 3 13

Crossing not at intersection 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 3

Getting on/off vehicle 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 3

In roadway with traffic 13 0.0 1 0 1 1 10

In roadway against traffic 8 0.0 0 0 0 0 8

Standing or lying in roadway 2 0.0 0 0 1 0 1

Pushing/working on vehicle 3 0.0 0 0 0 1 2

Other working in roadway 11 0.0 0 0 0 2 9

Playing in roadway 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

In roadway other reason 7 0.0 0 0 0 1 6

Not in roadway 26 0.0 0 1 3 3 19

Other 583 0.1 3 12 28 66 474

Unknown 11,685 2.3 27 69 257 660 10,672

TOTAL 510,086 100.0 1,280 6,776 22,344 67,290 412,396

110

ACTION PRIOR TO CRASH (COntinued)


MOTORCYCLIST ACTION Motorcycles Motorcyclists* Fatality Injury No injury

Number of Motorcycles % of Total Number of

Motorcyclists % of Total A B C

Going straight ahead 1,983 67.6 2,210 67.8 95 390 729 522 455

Turning left 143 4.9 155 4.8 1 24 54 49 27

Turning right 114 3.9 130 4.0 1 14 40 38 35

Stopped on roadway 124 4.2 141 4.3 1 3 15 29 92

In prior crash 3 0.1 4 0.1 0 0 1 2 1

Changing lanes 58 2.0 65 2.0 2 9 20 12 21

Backing 3 0.1 3 0.1 0 1 0 0 1

Slowing/stopping on roadway 165 5.6 186 5.7 1 19 70 41 54

Slowing/stopping other 5 0.2 7 0.2 0 0 0 5 2

Starting up on roadway 39 1.3 39 1.2 0 2 12 7 17

Starting up other 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0 1 0 0

Entering parking 2 0.1 3 0.1 0 0 2 1 0

Leaving parking 5 0.2 5 0.2 0 1 0 1 3

Entering roadway 18 0.6 20 0.6 0 4 4 8 4

Leaving roadway 8 0.3 8 0.2 0 2 3 1 2

Making U-turn 3 0.1 4 0.1 0 0 1 1 2

Overtaking or passing 53 1.8 56 1.7 2 13 18 11 12

Avoiding object 9 0.3 10 0.3 0 0 7 1 2

Avoiding animal 25 0.9 25 0.8 1 5 6 7 6

Avoiding pedestrian 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0 0 0 1

Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 61 2.1 67 2.1 1 7 31 13 15

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 44 1.5 50 1.5 1 10 18 9 12

Driverless moving 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Parked 36 1.2 36 1.1 0 0 1 0 9

Crossing at intersection 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Crossing not at intersection 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Getting on/off vehicle 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

In roadway with traffic 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

In roadway against traffic 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Standing or lying in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Pushing/working on vehicle 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Other working in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Playing in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

In roadway other reason 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Not in roadway 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Other 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0 0 0 1

Unknown 30 1.0 31 1.0 1 6 5 3 5

TOTAL 2,934 100.0 3,258 100.0 107 510 1,038 761 779

*This table includes 63 motorcyclists (drivers and passengers) with unknown injury severity

111



BICYCLIST ACTION bicyclists* Fatality Injury No injury

Number of Bicyclists % of Total A B C

Going straight ahead 1,004 56.9 10 78 291 415 180

Turning left 46 2.6 0 0 23 15 6

Turning right 9 0.5 0 1 5 3 0

Stopped on roadway 6 0.3 1 1 1 3 0

In prior crash 1 0.1 0 0 1 0 0

Changing lanes 13 0.7 1 1 5 4 2

Backing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Slowing/stopping on roadway 3 0.2 0 0 2 0 0


Starting up on roadway 9 0.5 0 0 3 3 2



Leaving parking 1 0.1 0 0 1 0 0

Entering roadway 81 4.6 1 12 25 29 12

Leaving roadway 1 0.1 0 0 0 0 1

Making U-turn 6 0.3 0 0 2 3 1

Overtaking or passing 1 0.1 0 0 0 1 0

Avoiding object 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Avoiding animal 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 5 0.3 0 1 1 2 1

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 2 0.1 0 0 1 1 0


Parked 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0











Not in roadway 22 1.2 0 2 11 5 4

Other 24 1.4 0 0 9 12 3

Unknown 30 1.7 1 2 7 6 5

TOTAL 1,763 100.0 21 135 542 701 303

*Includes 61 bicyclists with unknown injury severity

112



PEDESTRIAN ACTION PEDESTRIANS* Fatality Injury No injury

Number of Pedestrians % of Total A B C

Going straight ahead 92 3.8 0 7 29 38 15

Turning left 4 0.2 0 0 2 0 2

Turning right 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Stopped on roadway 7 0.3 0 0 3 3 0

In prior crash 2 0.1 0 0 1 1 0

Changing lanes 1 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Backing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Slowing/stopping on roadway 1 0.0 0 0 0 1 0


Starting up on roadway 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0



Leaving parking 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Entering roadway 14 0.6 1 0 6 5 0

Leaving roadway 1 0.0 0 1 0 0 0

Making U-turn 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Overtaking or passing 2 0.1 0 0 2 0 0

Avoiding object 1 0.0 0 0 1 0 0

Avoiding animal 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Avoiding vehicle (front/back) 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Avoiding vehicle (angle) 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Parked 3 0.1 0 0 0 2 1











Not in roadway 111 4.6 2 20 32 44 11

Other 82 3.4 3 12 27 24 12

Unknown 47 2.0 9 8 9 9 3

TOTAL 2,406 100.0 148 365 656 941 224

*Includes 72 pedestrians with unknown injury severity

113

Most harmful event


NONCOLLISION Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only

Number of Vehicles % of Total A B C

Loss of control 2,387 0.5 0 45 192 367 1,783

Cross center/median 439 0.1 3 16 40 63 317

Ran off road left 826 0.2 0 14 46 97 669

Ran off road right 1,508 0.3 3 24 76 143 1,262

Re-enter road 88 0.0 1 0 5 13 69

Overturn 7,980 1.6 79 375 1,168 1,745 4,613

Separation of units 165 0.0 0 1 3 12 149

Fire/explosion 323 0.1 10 10 10 10 283

Immersion 50 0.0 0 0 3 5 42

Jackknife 283 0.1 0 3 3 20 257

Downhill runaway 30 0.0 0 1 0 6 23

Cargo loss/shift 428 0.1 0 2 4 17 405

Individual fell off 378 0.1 15 108 141 70 44

Other noncollision 1,424 0.3 1 26 85 153 1,159

SUBTOTAL 16,309 3.2 112 625 1,776 2,721 11,075

HAD A COLLISION WITHNONFIXED OBJECT

Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Pedestrian 1,977 0.4 147 307 549 762 212

Bicycle / Pedalcycle 1,534 0.3 21 121 485 590 317

Motor vehicle in transport 381,163 74.7 760 4,612 16,394 56,713 302,684

Parked motor vehicle 16,533 3.2 23 95 305 753 15,357

Railway train 59 0.0 3 3 5 6 42

Animal 46,469 9.1 5 55 210 538 45,661

Other nonfixed objects 4,632 0.9 16 44 118 228 4,226

SUBTOTAL 452,367 88.7 975 5,237 18,066 59,590 368,499

114

Most harmful event (Continued)


COLLISION WITH aFIXED OBJECT

Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Bridge/pier/abutment 422 0.1 7 11 23 67 314

Bridge parapet end 67 0.0 0 2 2 7 56

Bridge rail 455 0.1 1 5 12 60 377

Guardrail face 3,729 0.7 6 57 143 433 3,090

Guardrail end 539 0.1 4 11 39 63 422

Median barrier 5,055 1.0 7 57 252 799 3,940

Highway traffic sign post 2,518 0.5 5 11 37 93 2,372

Highway signal post 210 0.0 0 1 8 14 187

Luminaire/light support 546 0.1 3 10 31 53 449

Utility pole 2,808 0.6 13 79 236 487 1,993

Other pole 942 0.2 0 15 28 84 815

Culvert 426 0.1 8 14 44 58 302

Curb 1,457 0.3 1 23 61 120 1,252

Ditch 5,782 1.1 11 118 337 709 4,607

Embankment 1,722 0.3 6 32 90 187 1,407

Fence 799 0.2 1 5 19 68 706

Mailbox 1,699 0.3 0 4 21 48 1,626

Tree 7,258 1.4 102 362 799 1,118 4,877

Rail crossing signal 80 0.0 0 1 2 3 74

Building 556 0.1 9 27 60 93 367

Traffic island 47 0.0 0 1 3 6 37

Fire hydrant 393 0.1 1 2 22 35 333

Impact attenuator 62 0.0 1 0 4 7 50

Other fixed object 2,978 0.6 7 55 198 258 2,460

SUBTOTAL 40,550 7.9 193 903 2,471 4,870 32,113

Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash prperty damaage only


Unknown Event 860 0.2 0 11 31 109 709

MOST HARMFUL EVENT TOTAL 510,086 100.0 1,280 6,776 22,344 67,290 412,396

115

VEHICLE DEFECTS IN CRASH INVOLVEMENT


VEHICLE DEFECTS Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Brakes 718 0.1 0 8 53 111 546

Lights/reflectors 96 0.0 2 4 6 12 72

Steering 163 0.0 1 8 10 22 122

Tires/wheels 535 0.1 2 11 29 64 429

Windows 17 0.0 0 0 2 0 15

Other 509 0.1 3 13 30 56 407

None or Unknown 508,048 99.6 1,272 6,732 22,214 67,025 410,805

TOTAL 510,086 100.0 1,280 6,776 22,344 67,290 412,396

DRIVER HAZARDOUS ACTION

HAZARDOUS ACTION Motor Vehicles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


None 260,864 51.1 512 2,985 10,129 32,606 214,632

Speed too fast 37,714 7.4 160 771 2,109 4,987 29,687

Speed too slow 379 0.1 1 8 20 54 296

Failed to yield 43,800 8.6 87 728 2,854 7,205 32,926

Disregard traffic control 9,591 1.9 52 283 891 2,420 5,945

Drove wrong way 454 0.1 16 14 36 89 299

Drove left of center 2,532 0.5 62 127 209 391 1,743

Improper passing 2,560 0.5 6 23 62 202 2,267

Improper lane use 10,588 2.1 11 67 213 723 9,574

Improper turn 4,706 0.9 6 56 141 480 4,023

Improper/no signal 777 0.2 2 12 21 82 660

Improper backing 8,169 1.6 3 9 30 176 7,951

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 69,786 13.7 32 455 2,197 11,140 55,962

Reckless driving 2,393 0.5 44 149 268 390 1,542

Careless/negligent driving 12,470 2.4 65 437 1,189 1,948 8,831

Other 17,750 3.5 80 334 1,033 2,172 14,131

Unknown 25,553 5.0 141 318 942 2,225 21,927

TOTAL 510,086 100.0 1,280 6,776 22,344 67,290 412,396


MICHIGAN BICYCLE CRASHES

40

80

120

160

200

240

2014 Bicycle crash information

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

Killed 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 5 6 2 1 0 21

injured 131 2 61 199 239 123 159 103 180 125 32 14 10 1,378

Total Fatalities and Injuries

131 2 61 200 240 124 161 105 185 131 34 15 10 1,399

In 2014, there were 1,749 bicyclists involved in motor vehicles crashes, with 21 bicyclists killed and 1,378 injured. More bicyclists within the 55-64 years of age group died than any other age group, with 6 killed (28.6%). The 16-20 age group had the greatest percentage of total fatalities and injuries (17.2%).

Helmet use Fatality Injury No injury

A B C

Worn 5 14 74 80 31

Not Worn 10 65 259 334 109

Unknown 6 56 209 287 163

Total 21 135 542 701 303

Note: 61 bicyclists had an unknown degree of injury and are not represented in this table

BICYCLE HELMET USE AND INJURY SEVERITY

The National Center for Statistics and Analysis of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration cites a study by the Centers for Disease Control [12]: “Bicycle helmets are 85 to 88 percent effective in mitigating head and brain injuries in all types of bicycle accidents, making the use of helmets the single most effective countermeasure available to reduce head injuries and fatalities resulting from bicycle crashes.”


MICHIGAN PEDESTRIAN CRASHES

50

100

150

200

250

300

2014 Pedestrian Fatalities and Injuries

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

Killed 0 1 4 2 7 11 22 23 27 35 4 12 0 148

injured 135 22 105 121 281 180 279 227 230 231 83 41 27 1,962

Total 135 23 109 123 288 191 301 250 257 266 87 53 27 2,110

In 2014, there were 2,406 pedestrians involved in motor vehicles crashes, with 148 pedestrians killed and 1,962 injured. More pedestrians within the 55-64 years of age group died than any other age group, with 35 killed (23.6%). The 16-20 age group had the greatest number of injuries (14.3%), and the 25-34 age group had the greatest percentage of total fatalities and injuries (14.3%).

11–20 years0–10 years 21–34 years 55 and over35–54 years unknown

20.5%

23.4%

1.4%

13.4%

23.3%

18.1%

22.3%

6.1%

33.8%

34.5%

3.4%

Pedestrians Injured Pedestrians killed

118

mICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS - Most harmful event


NONCOLLISION Snowmobiles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only

Number of Snowmobiles % of Total A B C

Loss of control 4 2.0 0 0 0 2 2


Ran off road left 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Ran off road right 1 0.5 0 0 1 0 0

Re-enter road 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Overturn 30 14.7 1 4 4 13 8


Fire/explosion 4 2.0 0 0 0 0 4

Immersion 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Jackknife 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Cargo loss/shift 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Other noncollision 2 1.0 0 0 1 1 0

SUBTOTAL 50 24.5 1 7 9 19 14

COLLISION WITH aNONFIXED OBJECT

Snowmobiles Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Pedestrian 3 1.5 0 1 1 0 1

Bicycle / pedalcycle 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor vehicle in transport 84 41.2 4 10 12 19 39

Parked motor vehicle 6 2.9 1 2 1 1 1

Railway train 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Animal 6 2.9 0 1 0 2 3

Other nonfixed objects 6 2.9 2 1 0 2 1

SUBTOTAL 105 51.5 7 15 14 24 45

119

mICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS - Most harmful event (CONTINUED)


COLLISION WITHFIXED OBJECT





Bridge rail 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Guardrail face 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Guardrail end 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Median barrier 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Highway traffic sign post 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0



Utility pole 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 1

Other pole 2 1.0 0 0 1 1 0

Culvert 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Curb 1 0.5 0 0 0 1 0

Ditch 3 1.5 0 1 1 1 0

Embankment 5 2.5 0 2 3 0 0

Fence 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Mailbox 2 1.0 0 0 0 0 2

Tree 27 13.2 1 9 6 5 6


Building 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Fire hydrant 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Other fixed object 7 3.4 0 1 0 5 1

SUBTOTAL 49 24.0 1 13 11 14 10



Unknown Event 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

MOST HARMFUL EVENT TOTAL 204 100.0 9 35 34 57 69

Note: These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage.

A total of 204 snowmobiles were reported in crashes on Michigan public roadways during 2014, resulting in nine fatal crashes. An additional 126 snowmobiles were involved in injury crashes.

120

MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS - Most harmful event


NONCOLLISION orv/atv Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only

Number of ORV/ATVs % of Total A B C

Loss of control 10 3.5 0 1 8 1 0


Ran off road left 2 0.7 0 1 1 0 0

Ran off road right 3 1.0 0 2 1 0 0

Re-enter road 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Overturn 62 21.5 2 21 25 12 2


Fire/explosion 1 0.3 0 0 0 0 1

Immersion 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Jackknife 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Cargo loss/shift 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Other noncollision 2 0.7 0 0 0 1 1

SUBTOTAL 119 41.3 2 37 51 24 5

COLLISION WITH ANONFIXED OBJECT

orv/atv Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Pedestrian 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Bicycle / pedalcycle 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor vehicle in transport 92 31.9 2 13 14 16 47

Parked motor vehicle 3 1.0 0 0 0 0 3

Railway train 1 0.3 0 0 1 0 0

Animal 6 2.1 0 2 1 1 2

Other nonfixed objects 3 1.0 0 1 1 0 1

SUBTOTAL 105 36.5 2 16 17 17 53

121

MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS - Most harmful event (CONTINUED)


COLLISION WITH aFIXED OBJECT

orv/atv Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only




Bridge rail 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Guardrail face 1 0.3 0 1 0 0 0

Guardrail end 2 0.7 0 0 1 1 0

Median barrier 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Highway traffic sign post 1 0.3 0 1 0 0 0



Utility pole 1 0.3 1 0 0 0 0

Other pole 2 0.7 0 0 0 1 1

Culvert 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Curb 1 0.3 0 1 0 0 0

Ditch 5 1.7 0 2 2 1 0

Embankment 1 0.3 0 0 0 1 0

Fence 1 0.3 0 0 1 0 0

Mailbox 4 1.4 0 1 2 0 1

Tree 34 11.8 0 17 12 3 2


Building 1 0.3 1 0 0 0 0


Fire hydrant 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0


Other fixed object 8 2.8 0 2 4 2 0

SUBTOTAL 62 21.5 2 25 22 9 4

ORV/ATV Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


Unknown Event 2 0.7 0 0 1 1 0

MOST HARMFUL EVENT TOTAL 288 100.0 6 78 91 51 62

These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage

A total of 288 off-road/all-terrain vehicles were reported in crashes on Michigan public roadways during 2014, resulting in six fatal crashes. An additional 220 ORV/ATVs were involved in injury crashes.

122

MICHIGAN SNOWMOBILE CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS


Driver Hazardous Action SNOWMOBILES Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


None 56 27.5 2 6 10 15 23

Speed too fast 50 24.5 3 16 12 15 4

Speed too slow 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed to yield 32 15.7 0 4 3 11 14

Disregard traffic control 5 2.5 0 1 0 3 1

Drove wrong way 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 1

Drove left of center 2 1.0 0 0 0 0 2

Improper passing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Improper lane use 2 1.0 0 0 0 1 1

Improper turn 1 0.5 0 0 0 1 0


Improper backing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 13 6.4 2 2 2 0 7

Reckless driving 3 1.5 0 0 1 1 1

Careless/negligent driving 12 5.9 0 4 1 2 5

Other 14 6.9 1 1 3 5 4

Unknown 13 6.4 1 1 2 3 6

TOTAL 204 100.0 9 35 34 57 69

Driver Hazardous Action ORV/ATV Fatal Crash Injury Crash property damage only


None 51 17.7 0 17 9 10 15

Speed too fast 88 30.6 3 26 37 16 6

Speed too slow 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Failed to yield 30 10.4 1 2 3 8 16

Disregard traffic control 1 0.3 0 0 1 0 0

Drove wrong way 1 0.3 0 0 0 0 1

Drove left of center 4 1.4 1 2 0 0 1

Improper passing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Improper lane use 1 0.3 0 0 0 0 1

Improper turn 3 1.0 0 0 2 1 0


Improper backing 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 10 3.5 0 3 3 2 2

Reckless driving 9 3.1 0 4 5 0 0

Careless/negligent driving 35 12.2 0 10 17 2 6

Other 34 11.8 0 9 9 9 7

Unknown 19 6.6 1 4 4 3 7

TOTAL 288 100.0 6 78 91 51 62

MICHIGAN ORV/ATV CRASHES ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS

Note: These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage

123

MICHIGAN FARM EQUIPMENT CRASHES


A total of 212 crashes involving farm equipment were reported on Michigan roadways during 2014. Of those crashes, one was fatal with one operator of the motorcycle killed.

MICHIGAN VEHICLE-TRAIN CRASHES

A total of 66 crashes involving trains were reported in Michigan during 2014. Of those crashes, three were fatal with three persons killed, one driver of passenger cars and two drivers of truck/bus over 10,000 lbs.

MICHIGAN moTORCYCLE CRASHES

MOTORCYCLE DATA 2013 2014 % Change

Motorcycle Registrations 267,292 259,325 -3.0

Motorcycles in Crashes 3,186 2,934 -7.9

Motorcyclist Deaths 128 107 -16.4

Motorcyclists Injured 2,497 2,309 -7.5

Death Rate based on 10,000 motorcycle registrations 4.79 4.13 -13.8

Estimated Mileage based on 3,000 miles per motorcycle 801,876,000 777,975,000 -3.0

Death Rate based on deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled 15.96 13.75 -13.8

Motorcycles were involved in 1.0 percent of all traffic crashes in Michigan in 2014. Injuries were proportionately more severe to motorcyclists than to persons in motor vehicles.

Farm Equiptment Crashes 2013 2014 % Change

Crashes 207 212 2.4%

Fatalities 2 1 -50.0%

Injuries 74 76 2.7%

Vehicle-Train Crashes 2013 2014 % Change

Crashes 58 66 13.8%

Fatalities 2 5 150.0%

Injuries 30 27 -10.0%

124

driver gender information


FEMALES unknownMales

injury fatalProperty damage only

51.4% 40.8%

7.7%

80.6%

19.0%

0.3%

79.3%

20.6%

0.2%

ALL CRASHES

MALE CRASH SEVERITY FEMALE CRASH SEVERITY

A higher proportion of crashes involved male drivers than female drivers. When examining the severity of crashes involving drivers of each gender, fatal crashes are more prevalent among male drivers than female drivers (0.3% vs. 0.2%).

125

AgeLicensedDrivers

MichiganPopulation

Total drivers in crashes

Drivers in Fatal Crashes

OccupantsKilled

OccupantsInjured

Total bicyclists in

crashes

Bicyclists inFatal Crashes

Total Pedestrians in

crashes

Pedestrians inFatal Crashes

0-15 48,375 --- 779 3 19 4,437 509 1 463 7

16 79,057 --- 6,868 7 7 1,231 54 0 64 1

17 91,913 --- 9,956 22 14 1,502 61 1 73 3

18 89,303 --- 12,306 29 24 1,886 50 0 67 3

19 102,949 --- 13,024 27 19 1,994 60 0 74 0

20 112,222 --- 12,781 30 19 1,833 56 0 59 2

21-24 486,283 --- 50,830 156 89 7,495 154 1 222 12

25-29 576,027 --- 49,514 124 62 6,729 127 1 184 17

30-34 542,548 --- 41,876 111 61 5,499 75 1 150 8

35-39 522,888 --- 37,625 74 35 4,643 64 1 136 14

40-44 563,043 --- 39,778 96 44 5,033 59 1 139 12

45-49 603,948 --- 39,520 87 45 5,050 89 1 131 5

50-54 673,213 --- 40,050 104 55 5,074 124 4 146 23

55-59 679,347 --- 35,789 77 40 4,707 96 3 172 22

60-64 598,741 --- 26,797 67 34 3,622 69 3 112 13

65-69 486,688 --- 18,823 61 36 2,591 27 1 55 1

70-74 346,356 --- 12,235 46 34 1,846 11 1 43 3

75-79 234,291 --- 7,693 28 23 1,213 10 1 27 5

80-84 159,439 --- 4,993 32 25 797 4 0 10 2

85+ 133,574 --- 3,612 26 22 716 2 0 17 5

Unknown --- --- 45,237 73 0 140 62 0 62 0

TOTAL 7,130,205 9,909,877 510,086 1,280 707 68,038 1,763 21 2,406 158

PERSON AGE - DEMOGRAPHICS AND CRASH INVOLVEMENTS


126

Age licensed drivers Total drivers in crashes* crash rate

0-15 48,375 779 0.016

16 79,057 6,868 0.087

17 91,913 9,956 0.108

18 89,303 12,306 0.138

19 102,949 13,024 0.127

20 112,222 12,781 0.114

21-24 486,283 50,830 0.105

25-29 576,027 49,514 0.086

30-34 542,548 41,876 0.077

35-39 522,888 37,625 0.072

40-44 563,043 39,778 0.071

45-49 603,948 39,520 0.065

50-54 673,213 40,050 0.059

55-59 679,347 35,789 0.053

60-64 598,741 26,797 0.045

65-69 486,688 18,823 0.039

70-74 346,356 12,235 0.035

75-79 234,291 7,693 0.033

80-84 159,439 4,993 0.031

85-89 95,631 2,738 0.029

90-94 32,861 773 0.024

95-99 4,810 98 0.020

100+ 272 3 0.011

Total 7,130,205 464,849 ---

CRASH RATE PER LICENSED DRIVER BY AGE OF DRIVER IN ALL CRASHES


Note: Data entry errors resulted in an over-representation of age “100+” drivers

* Excludes 45,237 drivers with unknown age

Licensed drivers age 18 have the highest crash rate at 0.138 (total crashes in age group divided by total number of licensed drivers in age group). The lower crash rates of the older groups (per licensed driver) may reflect reduced driving and exposure to the risk of a crash.

127

AGE OF DRIVERSIN FATAL CRASHES

2013 2014 Percent Changepercent 2014 fatal crash

involvementpercent active driving

population*

15 years and under 5 3 -40.0 0.2 0.7

16 years 16 7 -56.2 0.5 1.1

17 years 15 22 46.7 1.7 1.3

18 years 26 29 11.5 2.3 1.3

19 years 35 27 -22.9 2.1 1.4

20 years 33 30 -9.1 2.3 1.6

21 - 24 years 113 156 38.1 12.2 6.8

25 - 34 years 234 235 0.4 18.4 15.7

35 - 44 years 199 170 -14.6 13.3 15.2

45 - 54 years 237 191 -19.4 14.9 17.9

55 - 64 years 182 144 -20.9 11.2 17.9

65 - 69 years 69 61 -11.6 4.8 6.8

70 - 74 years 56 46 -17.9 3.6 4.9

75 - 79 years 41 28 -31.7 2.2 3.3

80 - 84 years 36 32 -11.1 2.5 2.2

85 - 89 years 23 17 -26.1 1.3 1.3

90 years and over 8 9 12.5 0.7 0.5

Unknown 60 73 21.7 5.7 ---

TOTAL 1,388 1,280 -7.8 100.0 100.0

DRIVER AGE


50

100

150

200

250

300

0–15 16 17 18 19 20 21–24 25–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85–89 90+ unknown

2013 5 16 15 26 35 33 113 234 199 237 182 69 56 41 36 23 8 60

2014 3 7 22 29 27 30 156 235 170 191 144 61 46 28 32 17 9 73

driver age in Fatal Crashes

* Figures courtesy of the Michigan Department of State [13]

128

DRIVER CONDITION


*Drivers may have more than one condition including “Appeared Normal”

POSSIBLE CONDITIONSOF driver

conditions (Coded by Police)

Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes Property damage only

A B C

Appeared Normal 424,119 575 5,031 18,335 58,228 341,950

Had Been Drinking 8,840 136 547 1,217 1,552 5,388

Illegal Drug Use 882 13 73 113 212 471

Sick 968 6 56 116 315 475

Fatigue 1,064 5 37 112 207 703

Asleep 1,129 3 44 129 235 718

Medication 798 4 39 100 204 451

Driver Distracted 4,734 9 98 400 943 3,284

Using Cellular Phone 663 2 23 63 151 424

Unknown 28,751 471 650 974 2,836 23,820

Restraint usage drivers fatality Injury No injury unknown

Number % of Total Number % of Total A B C

all drivers

Restraint Used* 445,104 87.3 290 53.7 2,401 9,880 34,192 397,994 347

Restraint Not Used 6,380 1.3 188 34.8 542 787 903 3,880 80

Unknown 58,602 11.5 62 11.5 248 501 1,149 15,910 40,732

TOTAL 510,086 100.0 540 100.0 3,191 11,168 36,244 417,784 41,159

Drinking drivers only

Restraint Used* 6,341 76.2 38 42.2 172 577 785 4,765 4

Restraint Not Used 675 8.1 41 45.6 144 162 132 195 1

Unknown 1,305 15.7 11 12.2 53 131 145 935 30

TOTAL 8,321 100.0 90 100.0 369 870 1,062 5,895 35

Drugged drivers only

Restraint Used* 811 78.7 25 54.3 37 86 151 512 0


Unknown 146 14.2 4 8.7 7 13 20 97 5

TOTAL 1,031 100.0 46 100.0 56 110 185 629 5

Drinking and Drugged drivers only

Restraint Used* 624 69.6 10 29.4 30 79 82 423 0


Unknown 168 18.7 6 17.6 14 18 26 99 5

TOTAL 897 100.0 34 100.0 64 120 125 549 5

Note: These are driver conditions that, in the opinion of the investigating officer, were involved in the crash. While some conditions may be evident, others (such as distraction) will only be known if the driver admits to the condition, thus leading to possible underreporting.

DRIVER INJURY SEVERITY BY RESTRAINT, ALCOHOL, AND DRUG USE

Note: ‘Restraint Used’ includes shoulder belt only, lap belt only, both lap and shoulder belts, restraint failed, and helmet worn

129

RED-LIGHT-RUNNING CRASHES


INTERSECTION CRASH TYPE

Crashes Fatal CrashesInjury Crashes Property

damage onlyA B C

1. Related to intersection 89,626 215 1,318 4,833 14,423 68,837

2. In intersection 41,163 136 864 2,939 7,783 29,441

3. With traffic control signal 19,829 52 401 1,510 4,006 13,860

4. With hazardous action* 5,163 20 164 538 1,440 3,001

1. “Related to intersection” captures crashes that were related to or within 150 feet of an intersection.

2. “In intersection” captures crashes within all types of intersections.

3. “With traffic control signal” captures crashes within the intersection and with a traffic control signal present.

4. “With hazardous action” captures crashes within the intersection, with a traffic control signal, and with a hazardous action cited as “disregard of traffic control.”

* Information pertaining to red-light-running in the following tables is derived from this subset of 5,163 crashes.

130

RED-LIGHT-RUNNING MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH


SPEED LIMIT* Crashes Fatal CrashesInjury Crashes Property

damage onlyA B C

5 miles per hour 2 0 0 0 1 1




25 miles per hour 520 0 6 41 141 332

30 miles per hour 568 4 19 45 150 350

35 miles per hour 1,296 2 25 117 383 769

40 miles per hour 796 3 33 90 211 459

45 miles per hour 1,332 6 43 141 364 778

50 miles per hour 284 1 17 47 85 134

55 miles per hour 336 4 20 55 98 159





Unknown 21 0 0 1 6 14

TOTAL 5,163 20 164 538 1,440 3,001

*Posted speed limit as entered by officer on the UD-10 form

CRASH TYPE Crashes Fatal CrashesInjury Crashes Property

damage onlyA B C

Single Vehicle 62 0 9 14 25 14

Head on 20 0 1 4 6 9

Head on left turn 415 2 21 54 102 236

Angle 4,383 17 126 435 1,236 2,569

Rear end 26 1 0 1 5 19

Rear end left turn 6 0 0 0 3 3

Rear end right turn 3 0 0 0 0 3

Sideswipe same direction 53 0 0 3 1 49

Sideswipe opposite direction 18 0 0 1 8 9

Other/ Unknown 177 0 7 26 54 90

TOTAL 5,163 20 164 538 1,440 3,001

131

RED-LIGHT-RUNNING MOST SEVERE OUTCOME IN CRASH (continued)


SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES* Crashes Fatal CrashesInjury Crashes Property

damage onlyA B C

School Bus Involved/Associated 9 0 0 1 3 5

Drinking Involved 157 3 13 29 51 61

Drug Use Involved 29 1 10 5 4 9

Pedestrian Involved 29 0 4 11 11 3

Bicyclist Involved 52 0 7 13 25 7

Snowmobile Involved 0 0 0 0 0 0

Motorcycle Involved 28 4 5 7 9 3

Train Involved 0 0 0 0 0 0

Truck/Bus Involved 171 3 10 23 50 85

Emergency Vehicle Involved 38 0 1 0 10 27

Driver Hazardous Citation 3,340 0 96 393 966 1,885

POSSIBLE CONDITIONSOF PERSONS IN CRASH*

conditions (Cod-

ed by Police)Fatal Crashes

Injury Crashes Property damage only

A B C

Appeared Normal 4,331 10 114 450 1,234 2,523

Had Been Drinking 136 1 12 30 39 54

Illegal Drug Use 16 0 3 2 3 8

Sick 18 0 0 2 13 3

Fatigue 21 0 1 5 3 12

Asleep 2 0 0 0 1 1

Medication 4 0 0 0 1 3

Driver Distracted 147 0 7 14 42 84

Using Cellular Phone 36 0 1 5 9 21

Unknown 327 9 26 21 72 199

*Crashes may involve more than one special circumstance

*Drivers, pedestrians, bicyclists, and train engineers may have more than one condition, including “Appeared Normal”


133

HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES


These crashes involve a heavy truck/bus - defined as having a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) over 10,000 lbs.

Heavy truck/bus crashes differ from other vehicle crashes in a number of ways, many reflecting the size and use of these vehicles. When compared to the overall crash picture, heavy truck/bus crashes involve:

• More turning, backing, and changing lanes as the Truck/Bus Driver Action Prior.

• More collisions with fixed object (bridge/pier/abutments), nonfixed object (parked motor vehicles, jackknife, cargo loss/shift), and other non-collisions as the Most Harmful Event.

• Fewer collisions with fixed objects (ditches, trees), and nonfixed object (animals).

• Fewer single-vehicle crashes but more sideswipes.

• Fewer drivers indicated to be speeding, failing to yield, reckless driving, disregarding traffic control, and unable to stop in assured clear distance, but more drivers indicated to be making backing, lane use, and turning errors.

• Fewer crashes outside of the shoulder/curb.

• More crashes between the hours of 6:00 AM and 2:59 PM, and fewer crashes between 3:00 PM and 5:59 AM.

• More weekday crashes and a drop in weekend crashes.

134

HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (Continued)




Number of Heavy Trucks % of Total Number of

Heavy Trucks % of Total Number of Heavy Trucks % of Total


Turning left 1,057 7.9 8 8.2 133 5.8

Turning right 989 7.4 4 4.1 87 3.8

Stopped on roadway 1,117 8.4 4 4.1 210 9.2

In prior crash 5 0.0 0 0.0 1 0.0

Changing lanes 546 4.1 0 0.0 51 2.2

Backing 699 5.2 1 1.0 40 1.7

Slowing/stopping on roadway 985 7.4 2 2.0 215 9.4


Starting up on roadway 259 1.9 0 0.0 57 2.5



Leaving parking 17 0.1 0 0.0 0 0.0



Making U-turn 17 0.1 0 0.0 5 0.2



Avoiding animal 6 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0





Parked 219 1.6 2 2.0 45 2.0











Not in roadway 3 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Other 31 0.2 0 0.0 2 0.1

Unknown 189 1.4 0 0.0 22 1.0

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0

135

HEAVY TRUCK/BUS INVOLVED CRASHES (continued)






Loss of control 39 0.3 0 0.0 7 0.3


Ran off road left 24 0.2 0 0.0 7 0.3


Re-enter road 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Overturn 200 1.5 4 4.1 72 3.1


Fire/explosion 41 0.3 2 2.0 1 0.0

Immersion 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Jackknife 162 1.2 0 0.0 18 0.8





SUBTOTAL 756 5.7 7 7.1 126 5.5


NONFIXED OBJECT




Pedestrian 41 0.3 6 6.1 32 1.4

Bicyclist 18 0.1 2 2.0 12 0.5


Parked motor vehicle 654 4.9 4 4.1 26 1.1

Railway train 6 0.0 2 2.0 1 0.0

Animal 339 2.5 0 0.0 8 0.3


SUBTOTAL 11,559 86.6 87 88.8 2,048 89.4

The majority of heavy trucks/buses are involved in crashes with a motor vehicle in transport for all crashes (77.6%), fatal crashes (74.5%),and injury crashes (85.5%) for most harmful event in the crash.

136




FIXED OBJECT






Bridge rail 15 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.1

Guardrail face 69 0.5 0 0.0 15 0.7

Guardrail end 13 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.1

Median barrier 103 0.8 0 0.0 17 0.7




Utility pole 91 0.7 0 0.0 6 0.3

Other pole 35 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

Culvert 8 0.1 0 0.0 3 0.1

Curb 11 0.1 0 0.0 2 0.1

Ditch 130 1.0 0 0.0 27 1.2

Embankment 32 0.2 0 0.0 7 0.3

Fence 12 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.0

Mailbox 16 0.1 0 0.0 1 0.0

Tree 89 0.7 1 1.0 15 0.7


Building 5 0.0 1 1.0 0 0.0


Fire hydrant 22 0.2 0 0.0 0 0.0



SUBTOTAL 1,002 7.5 4 4.1 114 5.0




Unknown Event 27 0.2 0 0.0 4 0.2


137




IssuedNumber of

Heavy Trucks % of Total Number of Heavy Trucks % of Total Number of


None 6,856 51.4 63 64.3 1,318 57.5 17 0.8

Speed too fast 733 5.5 3 3.1 170 7.4 261 12.8

Speed too slow 8 0.1 1 1.0 3 0.1 0 0.0

Failed to yield 722 5.4 6 6.1 140 6.1 336 16.4

Disregard traffic control 113 0.8 1 1.0 39 1.7 63 3.1

Drove wrong way 5 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.1 2 0.1



Improper lane use 621 4.7 1 1.0 42 1.8 193 9.4

Improper turn 405 3.0 0 0.0 22 1.0 140 6.8


Improper backing 540 4.0 1 1.0 19 0.8 165 8.1

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 1,136 8.5 6 6.1 308 13.4 494 24.1


Careless/negligent driving 265 2.0 3 3.1 50 2.2 131 6.4

Other 1,095 8.2 4 4.1 82 3.6 188 9.2

Unknown 641 4.8 7 7.1 81 3.5 4 0.2

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0 2,046 100.0

CRASH TYPEall crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes



Single Vehicle 1,878 14.1 13 13.3 234 10.2

Head On 174 1.3 21 21.4 69 3.0

Head On - Left Turn 106 0.8 3 3.1 44 1.9

Angle 1,731 13.0 23 23.5 426 18.6

Rear End 3,192 23.9 22 22.4 784 34.2




Sideswipe - Opposite Direction 637 4.8 1 1.0 78 3.4

Other/Unknown 1,445 10.8 7 7.1 250 10.9

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0

The majority of heavy trucks/buses are involved in same direction sideswipes for all crashes (29.5%), angle crashes for fatal crashes (23.5%),and rear end crashes for injury crashes (34.2%).

After no hazardous action, the majority of heavy trucks/buses are unable to stop in an assured clear distance for all crashes (8.5%) and injury crashes (13.4%). The most common hazardous actions for heavy trucks/buses involved in fatal crashes after no hazardous action or unknown hazardous action are failed to yield and unable to stop in an assured clear distance (6.1% each).

138




IMPACT)




On Road 12,042 90.2 84 85.7 2,089 91.1

Median 124 0.9 2 2.0 23 1.0

Shoulder 480 3.6 4 4.1 91 4.0

Outside of Shoulder/Curb 531 4.0 7 7.1 70 3.1

Gore 37 0.3 0 0.0 4 0.2

Other/Unknown 130 1.0 1 1.0 15 0.7

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0




12:00 AM - 02:59 AM 344 2.6 7 7.1 70 3.1

03:00 AM - 05:59 AM 496 3.7 8 8.2 119 5.2

06:00 AM - 08:59 AM 2,558 19.2 20 20.4 404 17.6

09:00 AM - 11:59 AM 2,986 22.4 14 14.3 518 22.6

12:00 PM - 02:59 PM 2,946 22.1 22 22.4 540 23.6

03:00 PM - 05:59 PM 2,656 19.9 14 14.3 405 17.7

06:00 PM - 08:59 PM 898 6.7 8 8.2 152 6.6

09:00 PM - 11:59 PM 456 3.4 5 5.1 84 3.7

Unknown 4 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0




Interstate Routes 3,713 27.8 24 24.5 758 33.1

U.S. & Michigan Roads 3,869 29.0 49 50.0 738 32.2

County & City Roads 5,762 43.2 25 25.5 796 34.7

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0

Heavy truck/bus frequencies in crashes peak in the late morning, then drop off steadily until 3:00 AM. The majority of heavy trucks/buses are involved in fatal crashes (22.4%) and injury crashes (23.6%) from 12:00 to 2:59 PM.

The majority of heavy trucks/buses are involved in crashes on county and city roads for all crashes (43.2%) and injury crashes (34.7%). The number of heavy trucks/buses is the greatest for fatal crashes on U.S. and Michigan roads (50.0%).

139






Monday 2,297 17.2 12 12.2 398 17.4

Tuesday 2,508 18.8 22 22.4 417 18.2

Wednesday 2,617 19.6 15 15.3 461 20.1

Thursday 2,495 18.7 21 21.4 437 19.1

Friday 2,191 16.4 15 15.3 360 15.7

Saturday 795 6.0 9 9.2 147 6.4

Sunday 441 3.3 4 4.1 72 3.1

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0




Male 11,461 85.9 95 96.9 2,018 88.0

Female 1,359 10.2 1 1.0 215 9.4

Unknown 524 3.9 2 2.0 59 2.6

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0




1 occupant 10,889 81.6 85 86.7 1,853 80.8

2 occupants 884 6.6 7 7.1 170 7.4

3 occupants 176 1.3 0 0.0 37 1.6

4 occupants 115 0.9 0 0.0 21 0.9

5 occupants 78 0.6 1 1.0 14 0.6

6 + occupants 690 5.2 3 3.1 131 5.7

0 occupants 303 2.3 2 2.0 47 2.1

Unknown 209 1.6 0 0.0 19 0.8

TOTAL 13,344 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0

The majority of heavy trucks/buses are involved in all crashes (19.6%) and injury crashes (20.1%) on Wednesday and fatal crashes (22.4%) on Tuesday.

The majority of heavy truck/bus drivers are male in all crashes (85.9%), fatal crashes (96.9%), and injury crashes (88.0%).

140



VEHICLE TYPES Involved in Crash with Heavy Truck/Bus


Number of Vehicles % of Total Number of

Vehicles % of Total Number of Vehicles % of Total


Van and Motorhome 542 4.7 6 5.2 118 4.9

Pickup 1,398 12.2 16 13.9 261 10.9


Motorcycle 29 0.3 6 5.2 15 0.6

Moped 3 0.0 1 0.9 2 0.1

Go Cart 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Snowmobile 1 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0

Off Road Vehicle 3 0.0 1 0.9 0 0.0

Other 75 0.7 3 2.6 8 0.3

Unknown 220 1.9 9 7.8 64 2.7

SUBTOTAL 11,499 100.0 115 100.0 2,400 100.0

HEAVY TRUCK/BUSVEHICLE TYPES




Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 7,993 59.9 63 64.3 1,383 60.3

Commercial Vehicle: Group B** 3,218 24.1 25 25.5 586 25.6


Other Truck 1,264 9.5 10 10.2 245 10.7

Unknown Truck 448 3.4 0 0.0 30 1.3

SUBTOTAL 13,342 100.0 98 100.0 2,292 100.0




Total Vehicle Types in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes

24,843 --- 213 --- 4,692 ---




*

**

***

141



HEAVY TRUCK/BUSDRIVER ACTION

PRIOR TO CRASh Hazardous Citation

issued

Heavy Truck/Bus Involved CrashPassenger Vehicle Only

Involved Crash

Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash


Heavy Trucks % of TotalNumber of Passenger Vehicles

% of TotalNumber of Passenger Vehicles


% of Total

None 4 1.1 13 0.8 21 0.9 111 0.9 651 0.8

Speed too fast 176 47.2 85 5.1 380 16.5 6,627 51.8 4,611 5.4

Speed too slow 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0.1 36 0.3 72 0.1

Failed to yield 5 1.3 331 19.8 450 19.6 417 3.3 23,199 27.4

Disregard traffic control 6 1.6 57 3.4 121 5.3 120 0.9 5,223 6.2

Drove wrong way 0 0.0 2 0.1 3 0.1 17 0.1 119 0.1

Drove left of center 3 0.8 19 1.1 44 1.9 92 0.7 825 1.0

Improper passing 1 0.3 18 1.1 80 3.5 24 0.2 752 0.9

Improper lane use 8 2.1 185 11.1 187 8.1 152 1.2 3,928 4.6

Improper turn 20 5.4 120 7.2 51 2.2 51 0.4 1,767 2.1

Improper/no signal 2 0.5 4 0.2 6 0.3 10 0.1 175 0.2

Improper backing 9 2.4 156 9.3 20 0.9 44 0.3 2,134 2.5

Unable to stop in assured clear distance 9 2.4 485 29.0 646 28.1 398 3.1 34,898 41.1

Reckless driving 2 0.5 3 0.2 16 0.7 460 3.6 378 0.4

Careless/Negligent driving 66 17.7 65 3.9 161 7.0 2,788 21.8 2,924 3.4

Other 60 16.1 128 7.7 106 4.6 1,304 10.2 2,985 3.5

Unknown 2 0.5 2 0.1 3 0.1 142 1.1 174 0.2

CITED VEHICLES SUBTOTAL

373 100.0 1,673 100.0 2,297 100.0 12,793 100.0 84,815 100.0

Heavy Truck/Bus Involved CrashPassenger Vehicle Only

Involved Crash

Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash Single Vehicle Crash Multi-Vehicle Crash


Heavy Trucks % of TotalNumber of Passenger Vehicles



% of Total

Cited Vehilces 373 19.2 1,673 14.7 2,297 20.6 12,793 12.5 84,815 22.6

Vehicles with No Citation Issued 1,570 80.8 9,693 85.3 8,850 79.4 89,231 87.5 289,647 77.4

TOTAL VEHICLES INVOLVED 1,943 100.0 11,366 100.0 11,147 100.0 102,024 100.0 374,462 100.0


OCCUPANT/PERSON(specific information on each driver and injured person in a crash)


145

AGE AND GENDER OF OCCUPANTS KILLED OR INJURED IN MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES


20

40

60

80

100

120

occupants killed

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

Males Killed 0 0 1 8 62 63 95 51 66 54 50 34 0 484

Females Killied 2 0 3 5 21 26 28 28 34 20 20 36 0 223

Total 2 0 4 13 83 89 123 79 100 74 70 70 0 707

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

occupants INJURed

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

Males injured 90 250 897 771 3,720 3,505 5,565 4,325 4,510 3,706 2,004 1,212 44 30,599

Females injured 102 261 935 1,121 4,724 3,987 6,662 5,350 5,612 4,623 2,431 1,513 30 37,351

unknown 5 1 3 1 2 3 1 1 2 0 2 1 66 88

Total 197 512 1,835 1,893 8,446 7,495 12,228 9,676 10,124 8,329 4,437 2,726 140 68,038

The majority (68.5%) of occupants killed in traffic crashes in 2014 were male.

The majority (55.0%) of occupants injured in traffic crashes in 2014 were female.

Note: An occupant is any injured or killed person in or on a motor vehicle, including all drivers.

146

0.1%

REPORTED OCCUPANT RESTRAINT USAGE FOR ALL DRIVERS AND INJURED PASSENGERS


fatal unknowninjury property damage only

REPORTED OCCUPANT RESTRAINT USAGE

Restraints used RESTRAINTS NOT USED UNKNOWN

Occupants in crashes were 29 times more likely to be killed if they were not wearing their restraints.

Restraints used REstraints not used

87.3%

11.3%

1.4%

86.9%52.9% 43.1%

13.0% 0.1%

2.9%

1.1%

injury severity

Note: These charts do not include helmet usage.

Of the 523,681 drivers and injured passengers involved in crashes, 457,328 (87.3%) were REPORTED to be using occupant restraints.

147

MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANTS & INJURY SEVERITY BY SEATING POSITION AND KNOWN BELT USAGE


* A lap belt, shoulder belt, or a combination of lap and shoulder belts were used. Children who were coded as using or not using a child restraint device appear in separate tables on the next two pages.

† This total does not include 330 occupants with unknown injury severity.

seating position BELts used* fatal injury no injury


Left Front 441,533 96.9 234 2,061 9,130 33,689 396,419

Center Front 438 0.1 1 4 43 152 238

Right Front 10,242 2.2 51 578 2,048 7,189 376

Left Rear 968 0.2 2 58 188 714 6

Center Rear 186 0.0 2 8 43 133 0

Right Rear 1,037 0.2 3 59 251 724 0

Left Rear Third Seat 395 0.1 0 11 84 300 0

Center Rear Third Seat 105 0.0 0 8 20 77 0

Right Rear Third Seat 497 0.1 0 12 129 356 0

Unknown 269 0.1 0 6 13 51 199

TOTAL 455,670 † 100.0 293 2,805 11,949 43,385 397,238

seating position BELts not used* fatal injury no injury


Left Front 4,765 70.3 140 315 442 659 3,209

Center Front 55 0.8 0 6 10 16 23

Right Front 504 7.4 26 84 154 205 35

Left Rear 219 3.2 7 39 64 109 0

Center Rear 87 1.3 3 13 24 47 0

Right Rear 244 3.6 15 30 68 131 0

Left Rear Third Seat 84 1.2 1 9 28 46 0

Center Rear Third Seat 40 0.6 0 7 13 20 0

Right Rear Third Seat 100 1.5 1 16 26 57 0

Unknown 678 10.0 8 24 54 195 397

TOTAL 6,776 † 100.0 201 543 883 1,485 3,664

* No belts were available or no belts were used. Children who were coded as using or not using a child restraint device appear in separate tables on the next two pages.

† This total does not include 72 occupants with unknown injury severity.

Note: Michigan law requires that all persons must wear a seatbelt when riding in the front seat of a motor vehicle.

148

REPORTED RESTRAINT USE - CHILDREN


restraint usage children fatal injury


AGE o

Belts Used 37 18.7 1 2 4 30

No Belts Used 5 2.5 0 1 0 4

Child Restraint Used 136 68.7 1 4 9 122

Child Restraint Not Used 6 3.0 0 2 1 3

Restraint Failed 0 0.0 0 0 0 0

Unknown 14 7.1 0 0 3 11

TOTAL 198 100.0 2 9 17 170

AGE 1

Belts Used 7 4.1 0 0 1 6





Unknown 4 2.3 0 0 1 3

TOTAL 172 100.0 0 5 21 146

AGE 2

Belts Used 13 7.6 0 0 1 12





Unknown 8 4.7 0 2 0 6

TOTAL 170 100.0 0 7 33 130

On July 1, 2008, Michigan law was amended. (http://legislature.mi.gov/doc.aspx?mcl-257-710e)

Any child under four years of age must be in an approved Child Safety Seat (CSS)/Child Restraint Device (CRD), and riding in the rear seat. All children less than 8 years of age AND who are less than 4’9” in height, must be properly restrained in a child restraint system. All children ages 8 through 15 must wear a properly adjusted and fastened seat belt when riding in either the front or back seat of a vehicle.

149

REPORTED RESTRAINT USE - CHILDREN (Continued)


restraint usage children fatal injury


AGE 3

Belts Used 15 8.9 0 0 4 11





Unknown 3 1.8 0 1 1 1

TOTAL 169 100.0 0 8 39 122

AGE 4-7

Belts Used 364 36.6 0 8 92 264

No Belts Used 42 4.2 0 2 14 26




Unknown 40 4.0 1 3 8 28

TOTAL 995 100.0 3 34 251 707

AGE 8-15

Belts Used 2,139 83.4 3 80 464 1,592

No Belts Used 237 9.2 5 16 73 143




Unknown 120 4.7 3 12 22 83

TOTAL 2,564 100.0 11 110 568 1,875

Information about uninjured passengers is not required to be reported by the officer on the crash report, thus these tables relate the experience of only those children with injuries in crashes.

Note: Safety equipment usage is often self-reported and may not reflect actual usage.

150

MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT INJURY SEVERITY BY KNOWN AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT


Motor Vehicle OccupantAirbag Deployment

occupants fatal Occupant injury Severity no injury


Deployed 49,952 9.5 338 1,931 6,231 13,759 27,348

Not deployed 416,178 78.9 170 1,380 5,897 28,467 376,327

Not equipped 39,931 7.6 199 1,071 2,940 6,184 12,281

Unknown 21,698 4.1 0 27 35 116 1,828

TOTAL *527,759 100.0 707 4,409 15,103 48,526 417,784

* Includes 41,230 occupants (drivers and passengers) with unknown injury severity.

151

AGE AND GENDER OF MOTORCYCLISTS KILLED OR INJURED IN MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES


5

10

15

20

25

30

motorcyclists killed

UNDER 1 YeaR OLD

1-3 years

4-10 years

11-15 years

16-20 years

21-24 years

25-34 years

35-44 years

45-54 years

55-64 years

65-74 years

75 years and over

unknown TOTAL

Males Killed 0 0 0 0 4 14 21 9 17 21 11 0 0 97

Females Killied 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 10

Total 0 0 0 0 4 16 21 12 20 21 12 1 0 107

100

200

300

500

motorcyclists INJURed

UNDER 1 YR OLD

1-3 yrs

4-10 yrs

11-15 yrs

16-20 yrs

21-24 yrs

25-34 yrs

35-44 yrs

45-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

65-74 yrs

75 yrs and over

unknown TOTAL

Males injured 0 0 4 11 106 219 397 319 409 362 108 13 3 1,951

Females injured 0 0 0 5 28 22 51 58 102 75 14 0 0 355

unknown 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4

Total 0 0 4 16 133 241 448 377 511 437 122 13 7 2,309

Of the 107 motorcyclists killed in traffic crashes in 2014, 90.7 percent were male. In comparison, 68.5 percent of all persons killed in crashes were male.

Of the 2,309 motorcyclists injured in traffic crashes in 2014, 84.5 percent were male. In comparison, 45.0 percent of all persons injured in crashes were male.

400

152

Motorcycle Helmet Usage and Injury Severity


Age of motorcyclist

fatalities injury no injury

A B C

helmet worn


4 - 10 years 0 0 2 1 1

11 - 15 years 0 3 5 3 2

16 - 20 years 3 20 53 30 37

21 - 24 years 11 30 88 68 65

25 - 34 years 12 69 158 83 89

35 - 44 years 2 35 98 82 65

45 - 54 years 6 66 145 104 111

55 - 64 years 9 63 121 122 111

65 - 74 years 6 19 41 35 43


Unknown 0 0 1 1 2

Subtotal 50 308 716 532 528

helmet not worn


4 - 10 years 0 1 0 0 0

11 - 15 years 0 1 2 2 0

16 - 20 years 1 6 8 10 7

21 - 24 years 4 7 15 20 23

25 - 34 years 6 28 59 31 25

35 - 44 years 9 36 56 42 27

45 - 54 years 13 55 76 36 33

55 - 64 years 11 29 46 36 35

65 - 74 years 4 8 10 4 8


Unknown 0 0 0 0 2

Subtotal 48 172 273 182 160

helmet use unknown


4 - 10 years 0 0 0 0 0

11 - 15 years 0 0 0 0 0

16 - 20 years 0 1 2 3 2

21 - 24 years 1 3 5 5 6

25 - 34 years 3 2 14 4 4

35 - 44 years 1 6 10 12 17

45 - 54 years 1 11 6 12 12

55 - 64 years 1 4 10 6 21

65 - 74 years 2 3 1 1 6


Unknown 0 0 1 4 22

Subtotal 9 30 49 47 91

TOTAL 107 510 1,038 761 779

?

2011 Michigan motor vehicle crash data represents the last full year of data that was collected during Michigan’s universal helmet law, enacted in 1969: Michigan Vehicle Code Public Act 300 of 1949, Section 257.658, requiring all motorcycle riders to wear a helmet. On April 13, 2012, Michigan changed their helmet law from a universal to a partial helmet law. The partial law allows some certified Michigan riders, who are over 21 and carry additional insurance, to ride without a helmet.

Drivers Killed: 48Passengers killed: 2



helmet worn

helmet not worn

helmet use unknown

153

OCCUPANT INJURY OUTCOME BY VEHICLE TYPE


Vehicle killedINJURY

total kabc% of All Crash Involved KABC

OccupantsA B C

Passenger Car and Station Wagon 457 2,997 11,398 40,235 55,087 80.1

Van (Minivan) and Motorhome 19 179 556 2,138 2,892 4.2

Pickup 84 421 1,429 3,851 5,785 8.4

Small Truck (under 10,000 lbs.) 8 59 178 559 804 1.2

Motorcycle 107 510 1,038 761 2,416 3.5

Moped 3 59 158 109 329 0.5

Go Cart 1 4 6 3 14 0.0

Snowmobile 6 31 29 57 123 0.2

Off Road Vehicle 6 76 98 57 237 0.3

Other 5 36 72 125 238 0.3

Unknown 1 1 3 16 21 0.0

CDL Truck/Bus (breakdown below) 10 36 138 615 799 1.2

Total Number of Occupants 707 4,409 15,103 48,526 68,745 100.0


killedINJURY

total kabc% of All Crash Involved KABC

OccupantsA B C

Commercial Vehicle: Group A* 7 18 65 231 321 40.2

Commercial Vehicle: Group B** 3 11 52 291 357 44.7

Commercial Vehicle: Group C*** 0 1 3 29 33 4.1

Other Truck 0 6 18 62 86 10.8

Unknown Truck 0 0 0 2 2 0.3

Total Number of Occupants 10 36 138 615 799 100.0

Note:1) School bus is not recorded on the UD-10 and cannot be broken out of CDL Truck/Bus. 2) These crashes involve a motor vehicle in transport on a public trafficway (in Michigan) and result in injury, death, or at least $1,000 in property damage.




*

**

***


REFERENCES


157

References and reporting agencies


[1] Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties of Michigan: 2010-2013. Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Release Date: March 2014. http://www.michigan.gov/cgi/0,1607,7-158-54534---,00.html

[2] Number of Deaths by Underlying Cause of Death Michigan Residents, 2012. Michigan Department of Community Health, Vital Records and Health Statistics Section, Lansing, MI.http://www.mdch.state.mi.us/PHA/OSR/chi/deaths/frame.asp?Topic=7&Mode=1

[3] Injury Facts. National Safety Council. 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca, IL 60143.http://www.nsc.org/news_resources/injury_and_death_statistics/Documents/InjuryFactsHigh-lights.pdf

[4] Traffic Safety Facts. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/812055.pdf

[5] Annual Highway Statistics. Federal Highway Administration. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/travel_monitoring/13dectvt/page2.cfm

[6] The Ohio Department of Public Safety, 1970 West Broad Street, Columbus, OH 43218-2081. http://ohiohighwaysafetyoffice.ohio.gov/otso_annual_crash_facts.stmhttp://www.publicsafety.ohio.gov/links/2013CrashFacts.pdf

[7] Indiana University Public Policy Institute, Center for Criminal Justice Research, 334 N. Senate Avenue, Suite 300, Indianapolis, IN 46204. http://www.in.gov/cji/2367.htm

[8] Illinois Department of Transportation, Division of Traffic Safety, 1340 North 9th Street, P.O. Box 19245, Springfield, IL 62794-9245http://apps.dot.illinois.gov/FatalCrash/Home/CrashData/2013

[9] Wisconsin State Patrol, Bureau of Transportation Safety, 4802 Sheboygan Ave., Madi-son, WI 53707-7936. http://www.dot.wisconsin.gov/drivers/drivers/traffic/crash/final.htmhttp://www.dot.wisconsin.gov/travel/counts/docs/vmt-historical.pdf

158

References and reporting agencies continued


[10] Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Traffic Safety, 445 Minnesota Street, Suite 150, St. Paul, MN 55101-5150.https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/ots/reports-statistics/Pages/crash-facts.aspx

[11] Michigan Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Planning, Lansing, MI 48909.

[12] Traffic Safety Facts Laws - Bicycle Helmet Laws - January 2008. National Center for Statistics & Analysis, Research & Development, 400 Seventh Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20590. (Source: Robert Thompson, A Case Control Study of the Effectiveness of Bicycle Safe-ty Helmets. Centers for Disease Control.)http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/TSFLaws/PDFs/810886.pdf

[13] Michigan Department of State, Office of Policy and Planning, Research Section, Lan-sing, MI 48918.

Index


A

ACCIDENTAL DEATHCauses of, for children .................................................................. 3Causes of, for teenagers and young adults .................................. 3

ACTION PRIOR TO CRASHBicyclist Action .......................................................................... 111Driver Action .............................................................................. 109Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 42Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 49Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 56Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 134Motorcyclist Action.................................................................... 110Pedestrian Action ...................................................................... 112

AGEAverage Age of Drivers in Crashes .............................................. 29Demographics and Crash Involvements ................................... 125Driver 16-20

Action Prior to Crash ............................................................... 42Crash Type .............................................................................. 45Day of Week ............................................................................ 47Gender ..................................................................................... 47Hazardous Action .................................................................... 46in Crashes ............................................................................... 39Killed and Injured ..................................................................... 39Most Harmful Event ............................................................43-44Number of Occupants ............................................................. 47Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 45Roadway Type ......................................................................... 45Time of Day ............................................................................. 46Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 48

Driver 21-64Action Prior to Crash ............................................................... 49Crash Type .............................................................................. 52Day of Week ............................................................................ 54Gender ..................................................................................... 54Hazardous Action .................................................................... 53Most Harmful Event ............................................................50-51Number of Occupants ............................................................. 54Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 52Roadway Type ......................................................................... 52Time of Day ............................................................................. 53Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 55

Driver 65 & OverAction Prior to Crash ............................................................... 56Crash Type .............................................................................. 59Day of Week ............................................................................ 61Gender ..................................................................................... 61Hazardous Action .................................................................... 60in Crashes ..........................................................................40-41Killed and Injured ................................................................40-41Most Harmful Event ............................................................57-58Number of Occupants ............................................................. 61Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 59Roadway Type ......................................................................... 59Time of Day ............................................................................. 60Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 62

of Bicyclist & Injury Severity ...................................................39-41of Bicyclists in All Crashes ........................................................ 125of Bicyclists in Fatal Crashes .................................................... 125of Bicyclists Killed ....................................................................... 13of Bicyclists Killed & Injured ...................................................... 116of Drinking Female Drivers .......................................................... 81of Drinking Male Drivers .............................................................. 79of Driver & Injury Severity .......................................................39-41of Drivers in All Crashes .....................................................125-126of Drivers in Fatal Crashes ................................................ 125, 127of Drivers, Involved in Fatal Crashes ........................................... 12of Drivers, Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes ................... 12of Female Drivers by Age ............................................................ 80of Licensed Drivers in Michigan .........................................125-126of Male Drivers by Age ................................................................ 78of Michigan Population ............................................................. 125of Motorcyclist & Injury Severity .............................................39-41of Motorcyclists - Helmet Use ................................................... 152of Motorcyclists Killed & Injured ................................................ 151of Occupants Injured ................................................................. 125of Occupants Killed ................................................................... 125of Occupants Killed & Injured, by Gender ................................. 145of Passenger & Injury Severity ...............................................39-41of Pedestrians in All Crashes .................................................... 125of Pedestrians in Fatal Crashes ................................................ 125of Pedestrians Killed.................................................................... 13of Pedestrians Killed & Injured .................................................. 117of Persons Killed, Total ................................................................ 11

AIRBAGOccupant Injury Severity by Known Deployment ...................... 150

ALCOHOLAge of Driver in Crash ................................................................. 66Average Age of Drivers in Crashes .............................................. 29County Ranking by Fatal Crash Rate .......................................... 83Crashes by Injury Severity ........................................................... 67Death & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant .............................. 68Drinking Bicyclist ......................................................................... 65Drinking Driver ............................................................... 65, 66, 128Drinking Motorcyclist................................................................... 65Drinking ORV/ATV Rider .............................................................. 65Drinking Pedestrian ..................................................................... 65Drinking Snowmobiler ................................................................. 65Driver Ejection ............................................................................. 69Driver Had Been Drinking .......................................................... 128Drivers in All Crashes .................................................................. 23Drivers in Fatal Crashes .............................................................. 23Elderly Drivers in All Crashes ...................................................... 23Elderly Drivers in Fatal Crashes .................................................. 23


Fatal Crashes .........................................................................73-74Fatal Crashes - 10 Year Trend ..................................................... 18Fatal Crashes by Day of Week .................................................... 74Fatal Crashes by Month .............................................................. 73Fatal Crashes by Time of Day ..................................................... 74Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods .................................... 14Fatalities - 10 Year Trend ............................................................. 18Fatalities by Month ...................................................................... 73Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods ........................................... 14Female Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash ................................... 81Gender of Drivers in All Crashes ................................................. 22in Red-Light-Running Crashes .................................................. 131Injuries - 10 Year Trend ................................................................ 18Injury Crashes.........................................................................75-76Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Driver .................................... 71Injury Severity & Restraint Use by Occupant .............................. 72Involved Fatal Crashes .................................................................. 7Involved Personal Injury Crashes .................................................. 7Involved Persons in Crashes ......................................................... 7Involved Property Damage Crashes .............................................. 7Male Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash ....................................... 79Map of County Ranking .............................................................. 83Map of HBD Traffic Fatalities ....................................................... 82Occupant Ejection ....................................................................... 70Restraint Use ............................................................................. 128Teen/Young Adult Drivers in All Crashes ..................................... 23Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Fatal Crashes ................................. 23

B

BICYCLEin All Crashes............................................................................... 26in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 26

BICYCLISTAction Prior to Crash ................................................................. 111Age & Injury Severity ..............................................................39-41Age in All Crashes ..................................................................... 125Age in Fatal Crashes ................................................................. 125Age of Bicyclists Killed ................................................................ 13Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................................ 65Fatalities .......................................................................... 8, 65, 116Helmet Use & Injury Severity ..................................................... 116in Crashes ................................................................................... 65in Red-Light-Running Crashes .................................................. 131Injuries ................................................................................. 65, 116

BUSCrashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Crash Severity ........................................................ 108

Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

C

CELLULAR PHONEDriver Using ............................................................................... 128

CHILD RESTRAINT DEVICE (CRD)Reported Restraint Use - Children .....................................148-149

CHILDREN5 Year Trend

Bicyclists Killed ....................................................................... 13for Fatalities ............................................................................. 11Pedestrians Killed .................................................................... 13

Accidental Death ........................................................................... 3Demographics and Crash Involvements ................................... 125Gender of Motorcyclist Killed & Injured ..................................... 151Gender of Occupants Killed & Injured ....................................... 145in Bicycle Crashes ..................................................................... 116in Pedestrian Crashes ............................................................... 117Injury Severity by Person Type ...............................................39-41Motorcycle Helmet Use ............................................................. 152Percent of Bicycle Deaths ............................................................. 3Reported Restraint Use ......................................................148-149

CONSTRUCTION ZONEAll Crashes .........................................................................103-104Fatal Crashes .....................................................................103-104Injury Crashes.....................................................................103-104

COSTof Crashes in Michigan .............................................................. 3, 9

COUNTY DATAMap of County Ranking .............................................................. 83Map of Deer Crashes .................................................................. 87Map of Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement ..................... 82Map of Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred .................................... 10

COUNTY RANKINGby HBD Fatal Crash Rate, Map of ............................................... 82

CRASH RATESFatal ............................................................................................... 9Map of County Ranking by HBD Fatal ........................................ 83per Licensed Driver by Age of Driver in All Crashes ................. 126Personal Injury ............................................................................. 95Personal Injury - 10 Year Trend ................................................... 21Property Damage - 10 Year Trend ............................................... 21Total ............................................................................................. 95Total - 10 Year Trend .................................................................... 21


CRASH TYPEAll Motor Vehicle Crashes ........................................................... 96Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 45Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 52Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 59Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 137in Red-Light-Running Crash...................................................... 130

CRASHES10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 17All Drivers in................................................................................. 22Average Age of Drivers ................................................................ 29Bicycles in ................................................................... 26, 111, 116by Injury Severity ..............................................................67, 93-94Construction Zone ..............................................................103-104Cost of ........................................................................................... 9Crash Type .................................................................................. 96Day of Week ................................................................................ 98Drinking Drivers in ....................................................................... 24Driver Gender ............................................................................ 124Driver Hazardous Action ........................................................... 115Elderly Drinking Drivers in ........................................................... 24Elderly Drivers in .....................................................................23-24Farm Equipment ................................................................... 27,123Gender of Drinking Drivers in ...................................................... 22Gender of Drivers in ............................................................ 22, 124Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 133Intersection by Traffic Control Type ........................................... 102Light Condition .......................................................................... 101Location of First Impact .............................................................. 96Most Harmful Event ............................................................113-114Motor Vehicles in ......................................................................... 25Motorcycles in ............................................................. 25, 110, 123Number of ..................................................................................... 7ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action ............................................ 122ORV/ATV Most Harmful Event ............................................120-121ORV/ATVs in ................................................................................ 26Pedestrians in .............................................................. 25, 112, 117Persons in ...................................................................................... 7Persons in Alcohol-Involved .......................................................... 7Red-Light-Running Definition .................................................... 129Relationship to Roadway ............................................................ 96Road Condition ........................................................................... 99Roadway Type ............................................................................. 95Single Vehicle Involved ............................................................ 3, 96Snowmobile, Driver Hazardous Action ...................................... 122Snowmobile, Most Harmful Event ..................................... 118-119Snowmobiles on Michigan Roadways ........................................ 26Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in .......................................... 24

Teen/Young Adult Drivers in ........................................................ 23Time and Severity ........................................................................ 97Vehicle Defects .......................................................................... 115Vehicle-Train ........................................................................ 27, 123Weather Condition ..................................................................... 100Yearly Totals of .......................................................................35-36

D

DAY OF WEEKFatal Crashes .............................................................................. 74HBD Fatal Crashes ...................................................................... 74HBD Injury Crashes ..................................................................... 79in All Crashes............................................................................... 98in Crashes

Driver 16-20 ............................................................................. 47Driver 21-64 ............................................................................. 54Driver 65 & Over ...................................................................... 61Heavy Truck/Bus ................................................................... 139

in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 98in Injury Crashes .......................................................................... 98Injury Crashes.............................................................................. 76

DEATH RATEMileage, 10 Year Trend ................................................................ 17by Roadway Type ........................................................................ 95Michigan 2014 ..........................................................3, 9, 30, 35-36Michigan, U.S. and Surrounding States ...................................... 30Motorcycle ................................................................................. 123Yearly Totals of .......................................................................35-36

DEER CRASHES10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 27by County, Map of ....................................................................... 87Light Condition & Time of Day .................................................... 88Monthly & Seasonal Rates .......................................................... 89

DRIVERAction Prior to Crash ................................................................. 109Age & Injury Severity ..............................................................39-41Age 16-20

Action Prior to Crash ............................................................... 42Crash Type .............................................................................. 45Day of Week ............................................................................ 47Gender ..................................................................................... 47Hazardous Action .................................................................... 46in Crashes ............................................................................... 39Killed and Injured ..................................................................... 39Most Harmful Event ............................................................43-44Number of Occupants ............................................................. 47Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 45Roadway Type ......................................................................... 45Time of Day in Crash ............................................................... 46Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 48


Age 21-64Action Prior to Crash ............................................................... 49Crash Type .............................................................................. 52Day of Week ............................................................................ 54Gender ..................................................................................... 54Hazardous Action .................................................................... 53Most Harmful Event ............................................................50-51Number of Occupants ............................................................. 54Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 52Roadway Type ......................................................................... 52Time of Day in Crash ............................................................... 53Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 55

Age 65 & OverAction Prior to Crash ............................................................... 56Crash Type .............................................................................. 59Day of Week ............................................................................ 61Gender ..................................................................................... 61Hazardous Action .................................................................... 60in Crashes ..........................................................................40-41Killed and Injured ................................................................40-41Most Harmful Event ............................................................57-58Number of Occupants ............................................................. 61Relationship to Roadway ........................................................ 59Roadway Type ......................................................................... 59Time of Day in Crash ............................................................... 60Vehicle Type ............................................................................. 62

Age in All Crashes ..............................................................125-126Age in Fatal Crashes ......................................................... 125, 127Age in Fatal Crashes, Percent Population ................................. 127Alcohol and/or Drug Use ............................................... 65, 66, 128Drinking and/or Using Drugs and Injury Severity by Age

................................................................................................ 66Drinking in All Crashes ................................................................ 24Drinking in Fatal Crashes ............................................................ 24Driver Hazardous Action ........................................................... 115Ejection ........................................................................................ 69Fatalities .................................................................... 8, 65, 66, 128Female Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age

................................................................................................ 81Female Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age ....................... 80HBD - Ejection ............................................................................. 69in All Crashes............................................................................... 23in All Crashes, Elderly .................................................................. 23in All Crashes, Elderly Drinking ................................................... 24in All Crashes, Teen/Young Adult ................................................ 23in All Crashes, Teen/Young Adult Drinking .................................. 24in Crashes ..............................................................................65-66in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 23in Fatal Crashes, Elderly .............................................................. 23in Fatal Crashes, Elderly Drinking ............................................... 24in Fatal Crashes, Teen/Young Adult ............................................ 23in Fatal Crashes, Teen/Young Adult Drinking .............................. 24Injuries ............................................................................65-66, 128Injury Severity & Restraint Use .................................................... 71

Involved in Crashes, Number of .................................................... 9Involved in Fatal Crashes, Age of ................................................ 12Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes, Age of ........................ 12Licensed, Number of ..................................................................... 9Licensed, Total - 10 Year Trend ................................................... 20Male Drinking Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age

................................................................................................ 79Male Drivers & Injury Severity in Crash by Age ........................... 78Reported Occupant Restraint Usage ........................................ 146Restraint Use ......................................................................... 8, 128

DRIVER CONDITIONAppeared Normal ...................................................................... 128Asleep ........................................................................................ 128Driver Distracted........................................................................ 128Fatigue ....................................................................................... 128Had Been Drinking .................................................................... 128Illegal Drug Use ......................................................................... 128Medication ................................................................................. 128Red-Light-Running Crash ......................................................... 131Sick ............................................................................................ 128Using Cellular Phone ................................................................. 128

DRUGAnd/or Drinking and Injury Severity by Age ................................ 66Bicyclist ....................................................................................... 65Driver ..............................................................................65-66, 128Driver Illegal Drug Use ............................................................... 128Motorcyclist ................................................................................. 65ORV/ATV Rider ............................................................................ 65Pedestrian ................................................................................... 65Restraint Use ............................................................................. 128Snowmobiler ............................................................................... 65

E

EJECTIONAll Drivers & HBD Drivers Injury Severity ..................................... 69All Occupants & Occupants of HBD Crashes Injury Severity

................................................................................................ 70EMERGENCY VEHICLE

Red-Light-Running Crashes ...................................................... 131EXCESSIVE SPEED ..........................................................(See Speed)

F

FARM EQUIPMENTCrashes

10 Year Trend ........................................................................... 27Total ....................................................................................... 123

PersonsKilled .......................................................................................... 8


FATAL CRASHES10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 18Age of Drivers Involved in............................................................ 12All Drivers in................................................................................. 22at Intersections ...................................................................... 3, 102Average Age of Drivers ................................................................ 29Bicycles in ................................................................................... 26by Day of Week ..................................................................... 74, 98by Month ............................................................................... 73, 95by Time of Day ...................................................................... 74, 97Drinking Drivers in ....................................................................... 24Driver Age .................................................................................. 127Elderly Drinking Drivers in ........................................................... 24Elderly Drivers in .......................................................................... 23Excessive Speed in ....................................................................... 3for Select Holiday Periods ........................................................... 14Gender of Drivers in .................................................................... 22Motor Vehicles in ......................................................................... 25Motorcycles in ............................................................................. 25Number of ..................................................................................... 7ORV/ATVs in ................................................................................ 26Pedestrians in .............................................................................. 25Single Vehicle Involved ............................................................ 3, 12Snowmobiles in ........................................................................... 26Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in .......................................... 24Teen/Young Adult Drivers in ........................................................ 23

FATALITIES& Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant ................................... 28, 6810 Year Trend ............................................................................... 18Age of Bicyclists .......................................................................... 13Age of Pedestrians ...................................................................... 13by County, Map ........................................................................... 10by Month ......................................................................... 11, 15, 73by Roadway Type ........................................................................ 95for Select Holiday Periods ........................................................... 14Map of HBD Traffic Fatalities ....................................................... 81Number of ............................................................................. 15, 36Yearly Totals of .......................................................................35-36

G

GENDERDriver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 47Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 54Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 61Driver Information All Crashes ................................................... 124Female Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash

................................................................................................ 81

Female Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash ....................... 80Male Drinking Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash

................................................................................................ 79Male Drivers by Age & Injury Severity in Crash ........................... 78of Drinking Drivers in All Crashes ................................................ 22of Drivers in All Crashes .............................................................. 22of Drivers in Fatal Crashes .......................................................... 22of Drivers in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes ..................................... 139of Motorcyclists Killed & Injured ................................................ 151of Occupants Killed & Injured, by Age ...................................... 145of Persons Injured ......................................................................... 7of Persons Killed ........................................................................... 8

H

HAZARDOUS ACTIONAll Motor Vehicles ...................................................................... 115Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 46Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 53Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 60Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 137ORV/ATV .................................................................................... 122Snowmobile ............................................................................... 122

HAZARDOUS CITATION ISSUEDDriver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 46Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 53Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 60Heavy Truck/Bus Involved Crashes ................................... 137, 141Red-Light-Running Crashes ...................................................... 131

HBD ................................................................................ (See Alcohol)HEAVY TRUCK/BUS

Driver Action Prior to Crash ...................................................... 134Crash Type ................................................................................ 137Day of Week .............................................................................. 139Driver Gender ............................................................................ 139Hazardous Action ...................................................................... 137Hazardous Citation Issued ................................................ 137, 141Involved Crashes ....................................................................... 133Most Harmful Event ............................................................135-136Number of Occupants in ........................................................... 139Red-Light-Running Crashes ...................................................... 131Relationship to Roadway .......................................................... 138Roadway Type ........................................................................... 138Time of Day ............................................................................... 138Vehicle Type ............................................................................... 140

HELMETUse and Injury Severity, Bicycle ................................................ 116Use and Injury Severity, Motorcycle .......................................... 152

HIGHWAY CLASS .............................................. (See Roadway Type)


HOLIDAYAlcohol Involved Fatal Crashes and Persons Killed .................... 14Fatal Crashes and Persons Killed ............................................... 14

I

INJURIES1 Year Trend ................................................................................7-810 Year Trend ............................................................................... 18Alcohol and/or Using Drugs ........................................................ 65Alcohol Involvement ...............................................................75-76for Crash-Involved Occupant, Death & ....................................... 28HBD, 10 Year Trend ..................................................................... 19Number of ................................................................................... 36Yearly Totals of ............................................................................ 36

INJURY SEVERITYAlcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes ...................................75-76All Crashes and Had-Been-Drinking Crashes by ........................ 67and Restraint Use

by Driver Injury, All and HBD Crashes ..................................... 71by Occupant Injury, All and HBD Crashes .............................. 72

Bicycle Helmet Use ................................................................... 116Bicyclist Action Prior to Crash .................................................. 111by Construction Zone Type ................................................103-104by Crash Type.............................................................................. 96by Day of Week ........................................................................... 98by Driver Hazardous Action....................................................... 115by Known Airbag Deployment, Occupant ................................. 150by Light Condition ..................................................................... 101by Month

in Fatal and All Crashes ......................................................93-94in Injury and PDO Crashes .................................................93-94

by Relationship to Roadway ....................................................... 96by Road Condition ...................................................................... 99by Seating Position and Known Belt Usage, Occupants

.............................................................................................. 147by Time of Day ............................................................................ 97by Weather Condition ................................................................ 100Driver Action Prior to Crash ...................................................... 109Female Drinking Drivers by Age .................................................. 81Female Drivers by Age ................................................................ 80for Occupant by Vehicle Type.................................................... 153Intersection Crashes by Traffic Control Type ............................ 102Male Drinking Drivers by Age ...................................................... 79Male Drivers by Age .................................................................... 78Most Harmful Event ............................................................113-114Motorcyclist Action Prior to Crash ............................................ 110Motorcyclist Age and Helmet Use ............................................. 152ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action ............................................ 122

ORV/ATV Most Harmful Event ............................................120-121Pedestrian Action Prior to Crash ............................................... 112Reported Restraint Use - Children .....................................148-149Snowmobile Driver Hazardous Action ....................................... 122Snowmobile Most Harmful Event .......................................118-119Vehicle Defects in Crash ........................................................... 115

INTERSECTIONCrashes by Traffic Control Type ................................................ 102Involved in Fatal Crashes .............................................................. 3Pedestrian Crossing other than at ................................................. 3Red-Light-Running .................................................................... 129

L

LICENSED DRIVERS10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 20in Michigan, Age of .................................................................... 125

LIGHT CONDITIONin All Crashes............................................................................. 101in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 88in Fatal Crashes ......................................................................... 101in Injury Crashes ........................................................................ 101

M

MAPCounty Ranking by HBD Fatal Crash Rate ................................. 83Michigan Motor Vehicle-Deer Involved Crashes ......................... 87Traffic Fatalities with Drinking Involvement by County ................ 82Where Traffic Fatalities Occurred ................................................ 10

MICHIGAN1 Year Summary Trends .............................................................7-9Crash Watch .................................................................................. 4Quick Facts ................................................................................... 3

MILEAGE DEATH RATE10 Year Average ............................................................................ 310 Year Trend ............................................................................... 20by Roadway Type ........................................................................ 95Michigan 2013 ......................................................................... 9, 36Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States .......................................... 30Motorcycle ................................................................................. 123Yearly Totals of ............................................................................ 36

MINI VANCrashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Injury Severity ......................................................... 108Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140


in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

MONTH OF YEARAlcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes ......................................... 73Alcohol Involvement in Injury Crashes ........................................ 75All Crashes Injury Severity ......................................................93-94in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 73in Injury Crashes .......................................................................... 75Motor Vehicle Deaths & Mileage ................................................. 15Motor Vehicle-Deer Crashes ....................................................... 89Yearly Motor Vehicle Traffic Deaths by Month ............................. 15

MOPEDCrashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Injury Severity ......................................................... 108Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

MOST HARMFUL EVENTAll Motor Vehicles ...............................................................113-114Driver Age 16-20 ....................................................................43-44Driver Age 21-64 ....................................................................50-51Driver Age 65 & Over ..............................................................57-58Heavy Truck/Bus ................................................................135-136ORV/ATV .................................................................................... 121Snowmobile ........................................................................118-119

MOTOR VEHICLEDriver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in All Crashes............................................................................... 25in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 25Registered Vehicles ....................................................................... 9Type, Occupant Injury Outcome by ........................................... 153Types in Crashes ....................................................................... 107Types in Crashes by Crash Severity .......................................... 108

MOTORCYCLEAnnual Changes ........................................................................ 123Crashes ............................................................................. 107, 123Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in All Crashes............................................................................... 25in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87

in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 25in Red-Light-Running Crashes .................................................. 131Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153Registrations ............................................................................. 123

MOTORCYCLISTAction Prior to Crash ................................................................. 110Age & Injury Severity .............................................................39-41Age & Gender by Killed & Injured .............................................. 151Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................................ 65Fatalities ...................................................................................... 65Fatalities and Injuries ................................................................. 123Helmet Use & Injury Severity ..................................................... 152in Crashes ................................................................................... 65Injuries ......................................................................................... 65

N

NATIONALMileage Death Rate ..................................................................... 30Vehicle Miles Traveled ................................................................. 31

O

OCCUPANTAge & Gender by Killed & Injured .............................................. 145Age of Occupants Injured.......................................................... 125Age of Occupants Killed ............................................................ 125Death & Injury for Crash-Involved ......................................... 28, 68Ejection ........................................................................................ 70HBD - Ejection ............................................................................. 70in Motor Vehicle

Driver Age 16-20 ..................................................................... 47Driver Age 21-64 ..................................................................... 54Driver Age 65 & Over ............................................................... 61

Injury Outcome by Vehicle Type ................................................ 153Injury Severity & Restraint Use .................................................... 72Injury Severity by Known Airbag Deployment ........................... 150Involved in Crashes ....................................................................... 9of Heavy Truck/Bus ................................................................... 139Reported Belt Use by Seating Position ..................................... 147Reported Restraint Usage ......................................................... 146

ORV/ATVCrashes ..................................................................................... 107Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Driver Hazardous Action ........................................................... 122Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in All Crashes............................................................................... 26


in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 26Most Harmful Event ............................................................120-121Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

ORV/ATV RIDERAlcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................................ 65Fatalities ...................................................................................... 65in Crashes ................................................................................... 65Injuries ......................................................................................... 65

P

PASSENGERAge & Injury Severity ..............................................................39-41Fatalities ........................................................................................ 8Reported Restraint Usage for Injured ........................................ 146Reported Restraint Use - Children .....................................148-149Restraint Use ................................................................................. 8

PEDESTRIANAction Prior to Crash ................................................................. 112Age & Injury Severity ..............................................................39-41Age in All Crashes ..................................................................... 125Age in Fatal Crashes ................................................................. 125Age of Pedestrians Killed .................................................... 13, 117Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................................ 65Crossing other than at Intersections ............................................. 3Fatalities .......................................................................... 8, 65, 117in All Crashes............................................................................... 25in Crashes ................................................................................... 65in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 25in Red-Light-Running Crashes .................................................. 131Injuries ................................................................................. 65, 117

PERSONAL INJURY CRASHESNumber of ..................................................................................... 8

PERSONSAge & Injury Severity ..............................................................39-41Gender

Injured ........................................................................................ 7Killed .......................................................................................... 8

in Alcohol-Involved Crashes .......................................................... 7in Crashes ..................................................................................... 7

PICKUPCrashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Injury Severity ......................................................... 108Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87

Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153POPULATION

in Michigan ................................................................................ 3, 9in Michigan, Age of .................................................................... 125Percent of Active Drivers by Age ............................................... 127

PROPERTY DAMAGE CRASHESNumber of ..................................................................................... 7

R

RED-LIGHT-RUNNINGCrash Type ................................................................................ 130Conditions of Persons in Crashes ............................................. 131Intersection Crash Type ............................................................. 129Special Circumstances .............................................................. 131Speed Limit ............................................................................... 130

REGISTRATIONS10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 17Motorcycle ................................................................................. 123Number of ................................................................................... 36Yearly Totals of ............................................................................ 36

RELATIONSHIP TO ROADWAYDriver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 45Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 52Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 59Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 138Location of First Impact .............................................................. 96

RESTRAINT USE10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 20Driver Killed ................................................................................... 8Driver Alcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................... 128Driver Injury Severity ................................................................... 71for Drivers & Injured Passengers ............................................... 146Highest Usage ............................................................................... 3Passenger Killed ............................................................................ 8Lowest Usage................................................................................ 3Occupant Injury Severity ............................................................. 72Reported Belt Use by Seating Position ..................................... 147Reported Restraint Use - Children .....................................148-149

ROAD CONDITIONAll Crashes .................................................................................. 99Fatal Crashes .............................................................................. 99Injury Crashes.............................................................................. 99

ROADWAY TYPEAll Crashes .................................................................................. 95Fatalities ...................................................................................... 95Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes ......................................................... 138in Crashes by Driver 16-20 .......................................................... 45in Crashes by Driver 21-64 .......................................................... 52


in Crashes by Driver 65 & Over ................................................... 59Personal Injury Crashes .............................................................. 95Vehicle Miles Traveled ................................................................. 95

S

SCHOOL BUSInvolved/Associated in Red-Light-Running Crashes ................ 131School Buses are not identified on the UD-10 and cannot be

broken out of CDL Truck/BusSINGLE VEHICLE CRASHES

Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal ................................................... 12Number of ..................................................................................... 3Number of Fatal ............................................................................. 3Percentage of ................................................................................ 3

SNOWMOBILECrashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Crash Severity ........................................................ 108Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62Driver Hazardous Action ........................................................... 122Heavy Truck/Bus ....................................................................... 140in All Crashes............................................................................... 26in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 26in Red-Light-Running Crashes .................................................. 131Most Harmful Event ............................................................118-119Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

SNOWMOBILERAlcohol and/or Drug Involvement ................................................ 65Fatalities ...................................................................................... 65in Crashes ................................................................................... 65Injuries ......................................................................................... 65

SPEEDDriver Hazardous Action ........................................................... 115Hazardous Action

Driver 16-20 ............................................................................. 46Driver 21-64 ............................................................................. 53Driver 65 & Over ...................................................................... 60Heavy Truck/Bus ................................................................... 137

in Fatal Crashes, Excessive........................................................... 3Limit in Red-Light-Running Crash ............................................. 130ORV/ATV Driver Hazardous Action ............................................ 122Snowmobile Driver Hazardous Action ....................................... 122

T

TIME OF DAYFatal Crashes .............................................................................. 74

HBD Fatal Crashes ...................................................................... 74HBD Injury Crashes ..................................................................... 76Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes ......................................................... 138in All Crashes............................................................................... 97in Crashes

by Driver 16-20 ........................................................................ 46by Driver 21-64 ........................................................................ 53by Driver 65 & Over ................................................................. 60

in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 88in Fatal Crashes ........................................................................... 97in Injury Crashes .......................................................................... 97Injury Crashes.............................................................................. 76

TRAFFIC CONTROLAll Crashes at Intersections ....................................................... 102Red-Light-Running Crashes ...................................................... 129

TRAINCrashes

10 Year Trend ........................................................................... 27Fatality ................................................................................... 123in Red-Light-Running Crashes .............................................. 131

EngineerFatalities .................................................................................... 8

TREND, 1 YEARAlcohol-Involved Crashes ............................................................. 7Alcohol-Involved Fatal Crashes ..................................................... 7Bicyclists Killed ............................................................................. 8Crashes ......................................................................................... 7Death Rate..................................................................................... 9Driver Age 16-20 ........................................................................... 8Driver Age 65 & Over ..................................................................... 8Drivers Involved in Crashes ........................................................... 9Drivers Killed ................................................................................. 8Fatal Crash Rate ............................................................................ 9Fatalities by County, Map ............................................................ 10Gender of Persons Killed .............................................................. 8Licensed Drivers ............................................................................ 9Michigan Population ...................................................................... 9Occupants Involved in Crashes .................................................... 9Passengers Killed .......................................................................... 8Pedestrians Killed .......................................................................... 8Persons in Alcohol-Involved Crashes ........................................... 7Persons in Crashes ....................................................................... 7Persons Injured by Gender ............................................................ 7Persons Injured by Severity ........................................................... 7Persons Killed................................................................................ 8Registered Vehicles in Michigan.................................................... 9Restraint Use by Driver ................................................................. 8Restraint Use by Injured Passenger .............................................. 8Train Engineers Killed .................................................................... 8Vehicle Miles Traveled ................................................................... 9


TREND, 10 YEARAll Drivers in Crashes .................................................................. 23All Drivers in Fatal Crashes ......................................................... 23Average Age of Drivers in Crashes ............................................. 29Bicycles in All Crashes ................................................................ 26Bicycles in Fatal Crashes ............................................................ 26Crashes ....................................................................................... 17Death & Injury for Crash-Involved Occupant .............................. 28Deer Crashes ............................................................................... 27Drinking Drivers in All Crashes .................................................... 24Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes ................................................ 24Elderly Drinking Drivers in All Crashes ........................................ 24Elderly Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes .................................... 24Elderly Drivers in Crashes ........................................................... 23Elderly Drivers in Fatal Crashes .................................................. 23Farm Equipment Crashes ............................................................ 27Fatal Crashes .............................................................................. 18Fatalities ................................................................................ 18, 31Gender of Drinking Drivers in All Crashes ................................... 22Gender of Drivers in All Crashes ................................................. 22Gender of Drivers in Fatal Crashes ............................................. 22Had-Been-Drinking Fatal Crashes .............................................. 19Had-Been-Drinking Fatalities ...................................................... 19Had-Been-Drinking Injuries ......................................................... 19Injuries ......................................................................................... 18Injury Crash Rate ......................................................................... 21Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Death Rate

................................................................................................ 30Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Fatalities

................................................................................................ 31Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States Mileage Vehicle Miles Traveled ................................................................................... 31Mileage Death Rate ............................................................... 20, 30Motor Vehicles in All Crashes ...................................................... 25Motor Vehicles in Fatal Crashes .................................................. 25Motorcycles in All Crashes .......................................................... 25Motorcycles in Fatal Crashes ...................................................... 25National Fatalities ........................................................................ 31National Mileage Death Rate ....................................................... 30ORV/ATVs in All Crashes ............................................................. 26ORV/ATVs in Fatal Crashes ......................................................... 26Pedestrians in All Crashes........................................................... 25Pedestrians in Fatal Crashes ....................................................... 25Property Damage Crash Rate ..................................................... 21Registrations ............................................................................... 17Restraint Usage ........................................................................... 20Snowmobiles in All Crashes ........................................................ 26Snowmobiles in Fatal Crashes .................................................... 26

Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in All Crashes ...........................................................24

Teen/Young Adult Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes ................... 24Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Crashes .......................................... 23Teen/Young Adult Drivers in Fatal Crashes ................................. 23Total Crash Rate .......................................................................... 21Total Licensed Drivers ................................................................. 20Train Crashes ............................................................................... 27Vehicle Miles Traveled ........................................................... 17, 31

TREND, 5 YEARAge of Bicyclists Killed ................................................................ 13Age of Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes .................................... 12Age of Drivers Involved in Single Vehicle Fatal Crashes

................................................................................................ 12Age of Pedestrians Killed ............................................................ 13Age of Persons Killed, Total ........................................................ 11Alcohol Involved Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods

................................................................................................ 14Alcohol Involved Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods ................ 14Fatal Crashes for Select Holiday Periods .................................... 14Fatalities ...................................................................................... 11Fatalities by Month ...................................................................... 15Fatalities for Select Holiday Periods ........................................... 14Percent Vehicle Miles Driven by Month ....................................... 15

TRUCK .................................................... (See also Heavy Truck/Bus)Crashes ..................................................................................... 107Crashes by Crash Severity ........................................................ 108Driver Age 16-20 ......................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ......................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ................................................................... 62in Deer Crashes ........................................................................... 87Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

V

VEHICLE DEFECTSin Crash Involvement ................................................................. 115

VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED10 Year Trend ............................................................................... 17by Roadway Type ........................................................................ 95Estimated MV Mileage Traveled .................................................... 9Michigan, U.S. & Surrounding States .......................................... 31Number of ................................................................................... 36Percent Miles Driven by Month ................................................... 15Yearly Totals of ............................................................................ 36

VEHICLE TYPECrash Involvement

Driver Age 16-20 ..................................................................... 48Driver Age 21-64 ..................................................................... 55Driver Age 65 & Over ............................................................... 62


in Heavy Truck/Bus Crashes ..................................................... 140in Motor Vehicle Crashes ...................................................107-108Occupant Injury Outcome ......................................................... 153

W

WEATHER CONDITIONAll Crashes ................................................................................ 100Fatal Crashes ............................................................................ 100Injury Crashes............................................................................ 100

