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THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy

THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

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Page 1: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

THE 14TH AMENDMENT:

Trans f o rm ing Amer i can Democracy

Page 2: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

This year the Essex Vicinage and Essex County Bar Association celebrate twenty years of participation in Law Day. For two decades, this national event has afforded the judiciary and the bar the opportunity to offer students and the community an invalu-able educational experience. It is a privilege to work with our local schools and to pro-vide insight into our judicial system through mock trials, as well as art, writing and video contests.

Honorable Sallyanne Floria Assignment Judge

The American Bar Association choose to recognize Law Day with the theme “The 14th Amendment: Transforming American Democracy” in honor of the amendments 150th Anniversary. In the Essex Vicinage, Law Day has traditionally been an integral part of educating county students and the community since the program was established in 1995. The Superior Court of New Jersey Essex Vicinage Advisory Committee on Mi-nority Concerns expanded the Law Day celebration into a public education event to involve the community. The program targeted Essex County students and exposed them to the courts through engaging and rewarding activities. In 1997, Assignment Judge Alvin Weiss, decided to expand the Law Day Program to include a mock trial compo-nent, which continues till this day. Mock trial competitions have afforded , Essex County judges, attorneys and other court staff the opportunity to visit community schools to per-form a fictitious court case with the students. This experience provides students with an opportunity to learn about our great laws and system of government. In 2006, Essex Vicinage received an Outstanding Activity Award from the American Bar Association for our annual Law Day program. The success of this program is at-tributed to combined efforts of Essex Vicinage court staff, the Essex County Bar Associ-ation, the New Jersey Bar Foundation, the IOLTA Grant, and the Essex County Sheriff’s Office. Both the bench and the bar look forward each year to the mock trial program and the opportunity this event offers for judges and attorneys to interact with future leaders and discuss their perceptions of the legal system. The level of hard work and dedication on the part of the judges, attorneys, teach-ers, students and other volunteers is remarkable. We would like to thank everyone for their continued support, and look forward to your participation in future Law Day pro-grams. 2017 Essex Vicinage Law Day Planning Committee

Page 3: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Poetry

2 0 1 7 L aw D ay Honor ee s

1st Place Group submission from Garfield Jackson Academy

Teacher: Mrs. White Nailah Abdullah, 4th Grade Brian Almonte, 4th Grade Saniyyah Carter, 4th Grade Malachi Cook, 4th Grade Stephanie Eloir, 4th Grade Vince Esson, 4th Grade Jahvon Hazel, 4th Grade Yameenah Laboo, 4th Grade Elijah Mason, 4th Grade Eahjay McAdams, 4th Grade Kent Moseley, 4th Grade

Nuriyah Muqtadir-Wardwick, 4th Grade Nasir Rauf, 4th Grade Imran Reevey, 4th Grade Milan Sharpe, 4th Grade Craig Stanley, 4th Grade Leilani Suggs, 4th Grade Kendall Trottman, 4th Grade Nalani Washington, 4th Grade Bethani Yogo’Butler, 4th Grade I’samir Moreau, 5th Grade I’samaad Moreau, 5th Grade

Dominik Bondy, 8th Grade Aidan McGrath, 8th Grade

2nd Place Group submission from Buzz Aldrin Middle School

Teacher: Mr. Lacivita

Video

Art Essay 1st Place

Michelle Tene 5th Grade Wilson Avenue School Teacher: Ms. Wolfman

1st Place Emmanuel Odekunle 10th Grade Bloomfield H.S. Teacher: Ms. Imhof

1st Place Jazmin Ramirez 11th Grade ECVTS - North 13th Street Teacher: Mr. Cerisano

2nd Place Kasey Coury 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S. Teacher: Ms. Imhof

2nd Place Nicole C. Robinson 11th Grade ECVTS - North 13th Street Teacher: Mr. Cerisano

2nd Place Wolfeneger Michel 10th Grade Irvington H.S. Teacher: Mr. Mitchell

3rd Place Jahvon Haze 4th Grade Garfield Jackson Academy Teacher: Mrs. White

3rd Place Mahlia Wright 6th Grade Union Avenue M.S. Teacher: Mrs. Nelson

3rd Place Jordan Bailey 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S. Teacher: Ms. Imhof

Honorable Mention Daysha Blanton 8th Grade Union Avenue M.S. Teacher: Ms. LaPierre

Honorable Mention Samaia Dixon 7th Grade Union Avenue M.S. Teacher: Mr. Melidor

Honorable Mention Jalay Clarke 8th Grade Union Avenue M.S. Teacher: Ms. Amoatey

Honorable Mention Jackelynne Esquivel 6th Grade Wilson Avenue School Teacher: Ms. Wolfman

Page 4: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

About the Guest Speaker Mr. Steven Edenbo

Actor, Historian and Motivational Speaker

Steven Edenbo, Thomas Jefferson impersonator, historian, and moti-vational speaker has entertained and inspired audiences of all ages since 1999. Edenbo has researched Jefferson as a resident fellow at Monticello's International Center for Jefferson Studies in Charlottesville, Va. His key notes and one-man shows bring Jefferson's leadership and vision to the forefront at corporate symposiums, teachers' seminars, schools, colleges and universities, historical and patriotic organizations, as well as many other groups and events throughout the United States. He appears regularly at such venues as The National Archives in Wash-ington, D.C., and at Independence Hall and the Declaration House (The Jacob Graff House) in Independence National Historical Park, Philadel-phia. Edenbo has been featured on the History Channel and has matched wits with Stephen Colbert on Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report". He has shared Jefferson's life and legacy at the Jefferson Memo-rial in Washington, D.C., across America and in England. Satisfied clients include The Smithsonian Institution, the Sons and Daughters of the Ameri-can Revolution, The American Legion, the VFW, the US Mint, The Universi-ty of Virginia's Darden School of Business and the University of Virginia it-self, the National Governors Association, Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital, and many others.

“I am honored to carry on Jefferson’s legacy of freedom of thought and expression to modern Americans. By embracing Jefferson’s com-plexity, I find I can offer a unique perspective that encourages open dis-cussion about some of the most challenging aspects of our nation’s his-tory, while it rekindles in audiences the goals of equality and liberty that remain, as Abraham Lincoln put it, the "unfinished work" of all Ameri-cans.” ~ Steven Edenbo

Source www.yourthomasjefferson.com; retrieved 04/25/2017.

Page 5: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Message from Bloomfield High School Mr. Chris Jennings

Principal

In 1958, during the height of the Cold War tensions, President Dwight D. Ei-senhower, declared May 1st as the first Law Day in celebration of the United States commitment to the Rule of Law. Law Day serves as further assurance that our democratic principles will continue to be upheld and celebrated and that we are a government of the people and by the people. In 1961, the US Congress designated May 1 as the official date for Law Day. Since then, every US President has issued a Law Day Proclamation on May 1st. This year’s Law Day Proclamation The 14th Amendment: Transforming American Democracy has once again inspired us as a school community committed to educating our students about our democratic principles and our government to partici-pate for our eighteenth year in this educationally sound program. This year’s theme once again required the students to interpret primary historical docu-ments including the US Constitution, Bill of Rights and landmark US Supreme Court opinions to expand their understanding of not only the historical signifi-cance of the 14th Amendment, but also its implications for assuring that we as a nation achieve “equal justice under law” through art and written expression. The actual Law Day activities which include a mock trial require students to employ their critical thinking and analytical skills as well as writing and public speaking skills serving as a perfect literacy based assessment. As the Principal of Bloomfield High School, I have supported and applauded our students in-volvement in this incredibly worthwhile educational experience developed under the direction of the NJ State Judiciary and implemented through the countless volunteer efforts of our Office of the Ombudsman Essex Vicinage coupled with the tireless efforts of our Essex County Bar Association leadership and its attorneys. We are proud of our role as educators and administrators in Essex County working to cultivate students who will embrace their civic duty and strive to become more civic minded citizens capable of responsibly ad-dressing the complex issues that they will face as citizens of this great nation. These educational Law Day activities implemented by our BHS teacher and attorney Ms. Imhof, provide us with the opportunity to further help our students gain the skills required to become actively engaged and informed citizens committed to their civic duty, guaranteeing that our democratic principles will endure for generations to come.

Page 6: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

The 14th Amendment: Transforming American Democracy

By Michelle Tene 5th Grade - Wilson Avenue School

Art Contest First Place

Page 7: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Untitled By Kasey Coury

12th Grade - Bloomfield High School

Art Contest Second Place

Page 8: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Citizenship By Jahvon Hazel

4th Grade - Garfield Jackson Academy

Art Contest Third Place

Page 9: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Art Contest Honorable Mention

The 14th Amendment: Transforming American Democracy

By Jackelynne Esquivel 6th Grade - Wilson Avenue Elementary School

Untitled By Daysha Banton

8th Grade - Union Avenue Middle School

Page 10: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

The 14th Amendment: Establishing What is Yet to be Established By Emmanuel Odekunle

10th Grade - Bloomfield High School

Writing Contest First Place Essay

In the early years of our great nation, a divide was set between those who did and did not fit into certain requirements, placing the later into unjust treatment. To eradicate this unfortunate separation, the 14th Amendment was passed in 1868, thereby transforming American democracy by establishing essential human rights. Prior to its ratification, slavery had been abolished, separation had not. African Americans continued to encounter obstacles to equality, including laws established by Southern states to restrict African-Americans. The clauses in-cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore, states are prohibited from making laws that inhibit the rights of anyone. All people have the right to life, liberty, and property. No person can infringe upon the “privileges and im-munities” of citizens. At the time, the notion “separate but equal” still reigned. Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education highlighted the detrimental flaws present in the segregation of public schools and served to denounce the validity of “separate but equal”. African Americans were met with resistance seen not only with Rosa Parks’ encounter in 1955 but that of nine black students seek-ing an education in 1957, often referred to as Little Rock Nine. Ten years after, interracial marriage was made legal in court case Loving v. Virginia. The 14th Amendment played a critical role in the decisions made in the aforementioned court cases. The fundamental human rights established made it extremely difficult for people to be denied their “privileges and immuni-ties” despite race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. It was important that it be integrated in an official document rights that cannot be infringed upon.

Page 11: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Liberated: The Advantages of the Fourteenth Amendment By Nicole C. Robinson

11th Grade - Essex County Vocational Technical Schools /North 13th Tech

Writing Contest Second Place Essay

Our great nation has served as a pillar of change and progression in re-gard to the values of the populace. As we look further into the liberties guar-anteed to us by the Constitution, citizens can attribute the Fourteenth Amend-ment for stipulating our right to equal justice under the law. The Fourteenth Amendment liberates American people from being condemned by legal breaches of the judicial system. This amendment specifies that all people who are born or naturalized in the United States are protected from states making or enforcing any laws that limit or reduce their rights based on the citizenship clause. The right to life, liberty or property through due process cannot be negated by the states. African Americans were afforded the opportunity to be free from an op-pressing stigma that denied them a legal right to be considered human. This amendment impacted the result of Supreme Court rulings throughout the coun-try. The privileges and immunities clause prevents states from discriminating against the fundamental rights of out of state citizens. The citizens of one state are equal when they travel to another state, making out of state citizens enti-tled to the same rights. It stands for disbanding the mitigation of equality; this clause embodies the belief that no matter where you are, you cannot be treated with legal indifference. The equal protection clause explains that a state must treat an individual in the same manner as others in similar conditions and/or circumstances. As a young woman in the United States, I can credit the Fourteenth Amendment for establishing my right to take part in influencing my society in areas of voting, marriage, and equal pay. The influence of this amendment has been a factor that has reshaped racial and gender perception by establishing my rights as a citizen.

Page 12: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

What the Amendment Signifies... By Mahlia Wright

6th Grade - Union Avenue Middle School

Writing Contest Third Place Essay

In the United States the Constitution and the amendments are the supreme law in the land. The amendments to the Constitution being an afterthought to assure the writers of the Constitu-tion that no government would ever trample the rights of the citizens. What none of these writ-ers ever envisioned was that one of the amendments would end up touching the lives of practi-cally every sub group living in the land. Which amendment is that? Why of course the 14th Amendment. This amendment defines who is a citizen, the due process which every legal and civil proceeding is guided by and equality in every aspect of life: the 14th Amendment has shaped our society. This amendment settled the question of who is a citizen in the United States at a time when the former slaves had shaken off the shackles of slavery but were left in limbo. Citizenship was defined as in the 14th Amendment as those who were born in the United States or went through the naturalization process. That was then, but today, the question facing our country is what to do with the millions of undocumented immigrants who are not eligible to go through the natural-ization process of the 14th Amendment? It is a situation which has brought out deep feelings among the citizens. Feelings which perhaps are not dissimilar to those the earlier Americans experienced and expressed back in 1886. In addition to defining who is a citizen in the United States, the 14th Amendment also in-cludes the equal protection clause. This clause has touched the lives of women, students, religious groups and disabled people. Simply put, no one is to be treated any different from another person. We should all enjoy the same privileges whether it is in education, employment, pay-ment for a job or access to facilities. Equal means equal in all aspects of life. Due Process is an important factor of the 14th Amendment, being it addresses how States or the government treats an individual. The Due Process is a legal requirement which states, that the States must respect all legal rights that are guaranteed through the Bill of Rights. No state or government is bigger or beyond the Bill of Rights. No rights can be taken away from an individual without going through the set of protections found in the Bill of Rights. In conclusion, the 14th Amendment plays a very important role in the United States history. It’s meaning emancipated the former slaves from another type of bondage after the Civil War and granted citizenship to individuals who were born or immigrated to the United States. It has a very strong impact on our society and its significance is evident when most civil cases are de-cided based on the rights granted to citizens through the 14th Amendment. We can work to-gether without being separated from each other and a huge reason for that is because of the 14th Amendment.

Page 13: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

The 14th Amendment By Samaia Dixon

7th Grade - Union Avenue Middle School

Writing Contest Honorable Mention Essay

Amongst all of the amendments, the one that has impacted all citizens of the United States the most is the 14th Amendment. This amendment was used as a foundation in the Brown V. Board of Education victory in 1954. The points I am going to explain in this essay are that it helped the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it helped slaves after the Civil War, and it keeps balance in the United States. This amendment has positively helped other cases and acts won against segregation. Without this amendment, we would probably still have segregation today.

First, this amendment helped with slavery in the 1800’s. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States during that time. When the Civil War broke out, black slaves had to participate in the war. After the war ended, Abraham granted them freedom and citizenship because of the 14th Amendment. The amendment stated that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” are considered citizens. This means that the freed slaves of the Civil War had citizenship since they were a citizen in the United states. So they were not property since they were citizens of America. The white people just wanted power and money.

Secondly, the 14th Amendment keeps balance in the United States. Without the 14th Amendment, people would not have the equal treatment that they are supposed to have. It clearly states that “No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of the citizens of the United States of America,” which means everyone has equal rights and no one could take them away. When states in the 1900’s were making laws against blacks and other races, they did not know about the 14th Amendment. They were just following the law the Supreme Court enforced about “separate but equal.” They realized later and some of them felt wrong for what they had done.

Thirdly, comes the Civil Rights Act. The Civil Rights Act was led by former president Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964. The act outlawed discrimination based upon race, color, religion, sex or national origin. This means that whites, blacks, and other races have equal rights so no one is above anybody. This ended all states local laws that required segregation. An example is what had happened in Little Rock, Arkansas with a group called the Little Rock Nine. They were the first black students to enroll in Little Rock Central High School, an all-white school. The white students started rioting, trying to harm the black students, and doing a lot of mean things to black folks. This is why Lyndon B. Johnson started this act and used this amendment as an advantage.

In conclusion, the 14th Amendment has saved blacks and other races from poor treat-ment. This amendment helped America in many different ways.

Page 14: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

But I Never Got a Thank You By Jazmin Ramirez

11th Grade - Essex County Vocational Technical Schools- North 13th Street Tech

Writing Contest First Place Poetry

I'm the 14th Amendment that now says that No longer one race will be held higher than another

I now provide equal protection for all schools No matter what race you are you will be able

to go to school without being banned But I never got a thank you

I’m here again to help those in need Why is it that women don't have privacy?

I thought that we all had equal rights? If she doesn't want that baby it's for a reason

Why pressure her into keeping it? With me around it is now legal to have abortions

But I never got a thank you

Black or white now it's illegal to get married? Just 13 years ago in Brown vs. Education you said that No race will be higher than another, but we’re back

So we travel to Washington just to get married And you still arrest us, but it's ok because you now saved us

The 14th Amendment now makes it legal for biracial marriage But hey, I never got a thank you

I'm back once again this time to protect the LGBT communities Why is it that people can’t marry people of their same gender?

They're not bothering anybody just let them be happy Let them live their life the way that they want to

I now declare on this day June 26, 2015 same sex marriage can become legal in all 50 states

But hey, I never got a thank you

I know I never got a thank you but that doesn't really matter I want people to know that I’m here to protect them

And that I will never abandon them With all of the things that I am possible of doing

I will always provide equal protection

Page 15: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

No Sun til 68 By Wolfeneger Michel

10th Grade - Irvington High School

Writing Contest Second Place Poetry

No Sun to look upon nor sea to lay upon Our founding fathers set to make a perfect union The fear of tyrant caused to fail; ethics laid in chains Those were property still denied prosperity. In Sixty-Eight an ideal came to fluctuation A nation no longer ethically in chains Granted to men what was rightfully theirs Protection as a roof from the pattering winds. Not only to those of burned skinned the Amendment relinquish But further than its intent it reached to those of foreign homes Those not of physic of man as they lay upon the Earth freed Granted rights and viewed as they should. The Habeas Corpus would incorporate us due to no small part Of the Fourteenth amendment Those of color, women alike Those from foreign lands. Claim the United States all alike Pledge their allegiance and be called American Protected with loyalty and blood under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Page 16: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Law Day Poem By Jordan Bailey

12th Grade - Bloomfield High School

Writing Contest Third Place Poetry

The justice system we once knew Long gone to come back anew

For the things in place that once took away rights, Have gone away, allowing us to rise to new heights The issues that caused our courts to think and pause,

Led to protective gifts of equality from a different kind of clause The debates in congress with no recess,

Gave way to our basic rights of due process Our lucky number 14, the cornerstone civil rights and equal justice,

Made all feel united and not feel like it's "just us" So as we celebrate the ratification of our 14th amendment,

Remember it is the ideas of peace, love and equality in which we are dependent

Page 17: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Impacting Our Life By Jalay Clarke

8th Grade - Union Avenue Middle School

Writing Contest Honorable Mention Poetry

The 14th Amendment advanced our rights It has impacted our hard life The 14th Amendment gave us insight Before this Amendment the old laws cut us like a knife It impacted our life by giving us protection It gave us immunity Lead us in the right direction And helped our community Everyone born in the U.S. is a Citizen. That’s the purpose of “statement of citizenship” It is identified by accepting a signed statement from someone in the U.S Everyone in the U.S should be listening They should listen to the 14th Amendment Do you wonder about all of these laws Well you should Because at the end of the day, if you do something wrong you will get snapped like claws So you should take advantage of learning these laws if you could So this is the end of our significant adventure We’ve come to the end of this important road We are all in the U.S Some people are at the center because of laws, we have all these codes

Page 18: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Video Contest

First Place 14th Amendment

Rap By Garfield Jackson Academy 4th & 5th Grade Students

Second Place Law Day 2017 Newscast

By Dominik Bondy & Aidan McGrath 8th Grade - Buzz Aldrin Middle School

Page 19: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

Video Contest

First Place 14th Amendment

Rap By Garfield Jackson Academy 4th & 5th Grade Students

(Chorus) This is the 14th Amendment! Hold Up! This is the 14th Amendment! Hold Up! This is the 14th Amendment! Hold Up! This Right Here Fought For Our Rights! Rights This Right Here Made It Alright! Alright This Right Here Made Our Stay Legal! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People! This Right Here Fought For Our Rights! Rights This Right Here Made It Alright! Alright This Right Here Made Our Stay Legal! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People! This Right Here Fought For Our Rights! Rights This Right Here Made It Alright! Alright This Right Here Made Our Stay Legal! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People! (Verse) How did they get in the states? (prosecutor) Order! (judge) These are the people we hate! (prosecutor) Order! (judge) No disrespect in the court, slaves were set free right after that war. (judge) (Chorus) This Right Here Made It Alright! Alright This Right Here Made Our Stay Legal! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People! This Right Here Fought For Our Rights! Rights This Right Here Made It Alright! Alright This Right Here Made Our Stay Legal! 14th Amendment Is Great For The People!

(Verse) How did they get in the states? (prosecutor) Order! (judge) These are the people we hate! (prosecutor) Order! (judge) No disrespect in the court, slaves were set free right after that war. (judge) Thank you your honor my client secure. We know our rights we're not slaves no more. (Lawyer) See what I mean they think that we're equal. This is outrageous the nerve of these people. (Prosecutor) We came a long way, but have ways to go. 14th Amendment just killed the black code. (defendant) What's that? (jurors) Laws to make us feel less! What? (jurors) They want to feel like the best. (defendant) What? (jurors) You are protected you're citizens. 14th Amendment is excellent. This is for everyone's equal rights. It was accepted July 9th. Cased closed (judge) (Chorus) 3 x’s

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Notable Artwork and Quotes From Students

By Raquel Goncalves, Wilson Avenue School

By Ty’Shan McDonald, Union Avenue Middle School

Those born here are allowed basic rights, And they fear not losing them in plights. For no matter who the person is, or if they have flaws, We’re all entitled to equal justice under law. Carlo Atie, 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S.

The 14th Amendment basically helps tie this nation together because everyone has the same equal rights. If it were not for this amendment this country would be separate. Creating unequal situations, which would drive our country apart. Natasha Krupinski, 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S.

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ol

By Nasir Abdul Rauf, Garfield Jackson Academy

By Emily Villanueva, Wilson Avenue School

It is impossible to mention victories of the Civil Rights Movement without pointing to brown v. Board of Education. Following the Court’s ruling in 1896 of Plessy v. Ferguson, segregation of public schools based solely on race was allowed by states if the facilities were “Equal.” Brown overturned that decision. Jasmine Guerrero, 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S.

Without these laws you would not have the ability to express yourself freely like you do today. Be thankful for the 14th Amendment. Jared Blackwood, 6th Grade Union Avenue M.S.

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Notable Artwork and Quotes From Students

By Simone Lino, Wilson Avenue School

I am bones and flesh. I need to be treated equally in all the states. I will fight for those rights. I am free. Analaura Ramirez, 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S.

The 14th Amendment marked a significant shift in the way the constitution was used in America. Before its ratification, the individual protections offered by the Bill of Rights were enforceable only against the federal government but the 14th Amendment applied these rights to the states. Chinomso Russel Ejike, 8th Grade Union Ave M.S.

When the amendment was created, African-Americans and women were not allowed to do certain things. Women were not allowed to vote or take part in other liberties that men were granted. African-Americans were segregated from whites in every public place, even schools. All these different people were treated unjustly when the Fourteenth Amendment came along. Nyasia Lawson, 11th grade ECVTS-North 13th Street Tech

Page 23: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

By Stavincia Jean Pierre, Union Avenue Middle School

By Nalani Washington, Garfield Jackson Academy

Once a citizen you are endowed with the rights of the 14th Amendment The richest entrepreneur and the poorest citizen farmer shared the same rights. This means no matter what in the courtroom they could put up the same fight. Alnazir Blackman, 12th grade Irvington H.S.

The Fourteenth Amendment has changed the life of many American people giving them the right of equality. Emilie Pozo, 12th Grade Bloomfield H.S.

Page 24: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

The Essex Vicinage would like to thank

All Participating Essex County Schools, Teachers & Students

Essex Vicinage Superior Court Judges, Law Clerks & Staff

Essex County Municipal Court Judges & Staff  

Essex County Municipal Prosecutors and Public Defenders

Armando B. Fontoura, Essex County Sheriff Essex County Sheriff’s Officers Essex County Bar Foundation

New Jersey State Bar Foundation Essex Vicinage Customer Service Committee

Rutgers School of Law - Newark Essex County Juvenile Detention Center 

Sallyanne Floria, A.J. Linda Lordi Cavanaugh, J.S.C. Keith E. Lynott, J.S.C.

Dennis F. Carey, III, P.J. Wayne J. Forrest, J.S.C. Thomas M. Moore, J.S.C

David B. Katz, P.J. Harold W. Fullilove, Jr., J.S.C. Stephen L. Petrillo, J.S.C.

Ronald D. Wigler, P.J. Garry J. Furnari, J.S.C. Sharifa R. Salaam, J.S.C.

Mark S. Ali, J.S.C John L. Gizzo, J.S.C. Annette Scoca, J.S.C.

Jeffrey B. Beacham, J.SC. Nora J. Grimbergen, J.S.C. Richard T. Sules, J.S.C.

Thomas Callahan, J.S.C. Deborah Gross-Quatrone, J.S.C.

Bahir Kamil, J.S.C.

Anthon J. Frasca, P.J. Chandra Cole, J.M.C. Vincent Pirone, J.M.C. Marvin Adames, J.M.C Seth G. Dombeck, J.M.C. William H. Williams, J.M.C.

Sybil M. Elias, J.M.C. Donald O’Connor, J.M.C.

Page 25: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

The Essex County Bar Association extends a special thank you to the following firms and businesses

for their support of this year’s Law Day Celebration Genova Burns

Kozyra & Hartz, LLC McCarter & English, LLP

Trenk, Dispasquale, Della Fera, Sodona The Wilshire Grand Hotel

New Jersey State Bar Foundation

2017 Essex Vicinage Law Day Planning Committee

Honorable Linda Lordi Cavanaugh, J.S.C. Wendy E. Deer, Esq., Essex County Bar .Association

Sarah C. Hatcher, Ombudsman Honorable Sybil M. Elias, J.M.C.

Yesenia Rios, Community Relations Liaison Bruce Humphreys, Hearing Officer

Suzanne Devanney, Secretary to Hon. Anthony J. Frasca, P.J.M.C. Maria R. Fruci, Esq., Essex County Bar Foundation-YLS

Kaleia Edmundo, Esq., Essex County Bar Foundation-YLS Cory Rothbort, Esq., Essex County Bar Foundation-YLS

Page 26: THE 14TH AMENDMENT: Transforming American Democracy€¦ · cluded in the 14th Amendment guaranteed that despite one’s race they can become state and federal citizens. Furthermore,

All Law Day activities are co-sponsored by the New Jersey State Bar Foundation and made possible through funding

from the IOLTA Fund of the Bar of New Jersey.

Berkeley Terrace E.S. Bloomfield H.S. Bloomfield M.S. Burch Charter School Buzz Aldrin M.S. Chancellor Avenue E.S. Cicely L. Tyson E.S. East Orange Campus H.S. East Orange STEM Academy Edward T. Bowser Sr. E.S. Essex County Vocational Technical

Schools—North 13th Street Tech Florence Avenue E.S. Garfield Jackson Academy Grove Street E.S. Irvington H.S. Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr. Academy

Kelly Elementary School Lacordaire Academy Lester C. Noecker E.S. Lincoln E.S (Nutley) Luis Munoz Marin M.S. Madison Avenue E.S. McKinley E.S. Mount Vernon Avenue E.S. Orange Preparatory Academy Spring Garden E.S. Thurgood Marshall E.S. Union Avenue M.S. University E.S. University H.S. University M.S. Wilson Avenue E.S. Yantacaw E.S.

2017 Law Day Participants

SUPER IOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY

E S S EX V IC INAGE