THAILAND

“Plastics Waste: Current Situation, Policy and Idea Model for Solution”

Contents

1. Current situation of plastics waste of World and Thailand

2. Law and Regulation of Plastics Waste

3. Current Plastics Waste Management System

4. Draft Model for Thailand

Production of Plastics in the World

Application of Plastics

Plastics type and their application

Plastics waste management

Target of plastics waste

Resource from plastic waste

9

Thailand Plastics Industry Economic Contribution: 2014

Source: PTIT Data, Analyzed by PITH

Values of Thailand Plastics Industry *include plastic resin 835,757 Million Baht

=6.88 % GDP

Net Value of Thailand Plastics Industry 698,044 Million Baht =5.75 % GDP

* Thailand GDP 12,141,158 Million Baht

Domestic Plastics Resin Production

448,854 Million Baht (7,897 KTA)

Thailand Converter Value Added Products 520,167

Million Baht (4,578 KTA)

Imported Plastics Resin 137,713 Million Baht

(1,820KTA)

Exported Plastics Products

195,105Million Baht

Domestic Plastics Products Consumption 522,218 Million Baht

Imported Plastics Products

197,156 Million Baht

Exported Plastics Resin 311,424 Million Baht

(5,758 KTA)

Domestic Plastics Resin Consumption

275,143 Million Baht (4,021 + others resin

557 KTA)

Values of Thailand Plastics Industry 835,757

Million Baht

Updated on: 05 July,2015.

Values of Thai Plastics Product Consumption : 2014

Source: PTIT Data, Analyzed by PITH

Safety

Others Filament (Non-Textile)

Autoparts EE &

Appliances

Agriculture

Recreation

Housewares

Footwares

Packaging

Total Products Consumption Value Value: 573,905 Million Baht (17,733 Million USD)

*Exclude Filament for textile

10

163,307 Million Baht (31.3%)

122,164 Million Baht (23.4%) 89,623 Million Baht (14.9%)

35,832 Million Baht (6.2)

21,784 Million Baht (3.8%)

15,043 Million Baht (2.6%)

17,478 Million Baht (3.0%)

718 Million Baht (0.1%) 7,473 Million Baht (1.3%) 5,969 Million Baht (1.0%)

Updated on: 02 July, 2015.

Total Products Conversion Value

2015 (f): 645,605 Million Baht 2019 (f): 777,756 Million Baht

Construction 80,715 Million Baht (14.1%)

Medicals 19.957 Million Baht (3.5%)

Source: PTIT Data, Analyzed by PITH *Exclude Filament for textile

Values of Thai Plastics Resin* Conversion Industry: 2011-2014

11

year

Updated on: 21 Sep, 2015.

189,138

88,310

74,308

84,447

37,810

26,998

15,328

38,571

11,348 14,548 12,791 6,381

254,937

80,623 82,823

121,391

45,520 31,580

17,759

44,520

13,531 15,902 14,257

7,682

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

Packaging EE Autoparts Constuction Safety Housewares Recreation Medicals Agriculture Footwears Filament(non-textile)

Others

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (f) 2019 (f)

AAGR 2011-2019 (%) 6.3 -4.8 1.0 10.0 7.8 2.9 1.7 11.1 4.2 8.7 0.6 9.2

Million Baht

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (f) 2019 (f)

502,892 545,416 532,013

573,905 599,978

730,524

Total Million Baht

Big flood

Politic crisis

44 42 43 50 50

55 56 55

0

20

40

60

80

Thailand Consumption per Capita for Major Plastics Resin*: 2007-2014

kg./head/Year

12

*Major Polymer include PE, PVC, PP, PS+EPS and ABS/SAN

AAGR 2007-2014 (%) Growth (%) -4.7 2.5 14.8 1.5 8.4 2.7 -1.8 3.2

year

World Consumption per Capita for Plastics (kg./ head/ Year)

Source: Petroleum Institute of Thailand, World Bank

Updated on: 21 June,2015.

All Waste Control by Thailand Law (Include Plastics)

Ministry of industry • Factory Act B.E. 2535 (1992)

• Ministerial Regulation • Hazardous Substance Act, B.E. 2535 (1992)

• Ministerial Regulation • Hazardous Substance Act (No.2), B.E. 2544 (2001)

Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment • The Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental

Quality Act, B.E. 2535 (1992) • Draft Waste Management Act, B.E. xxxx (ร่าง พระราชบญัญตัิการบริหารจดัการขยะแห่งชาติ )

1. Industrial Waste control by Ministry of Industry 2. Municipal Waste control by Ministry of Natural Resource and

Environment

Waste Generator Control by Factory Act

Waste Processor Control by

Factory Act and Hazardous Material Act

Waste Transporter Control by

Hazardous Material Act

Waste Regulator, WR) DIW, Provincial Industrial Office, and Industrial Estate Organization

Industrial Waste Management

Solid Waste Composition

Organics, 46%

Papers, 17%

Plastics, 10%

Glass, 5%

Metals, 4% Others, 18%

World

Organics, 62%

Papers, 10%

Plastics, 13%

Glass, 3%

Metals, 2% Others, 10%

Thailand

YearPlastics Waste Volume

(MMTones)

Plastics Waste Generate Rate

(kg/head/day)

2008 3.1109 0.1339

2009 3.1343 0.1352

2010 3.1486 0.1352

2011 3.2955 0.1404

2012 3.2149 0.1365

2013 3.4801 0.1495

2014 3.4047 0.1443

Proper solid waste disposal Improper solid waste

disposal

Excellent waste disposal Acceptance waste disposal

• Engineer Landfill • Sanitary Landfill • Waste to Energy (WTE) • Compost • Mechanical or Biological

Treatment (MBT)

• Appropriated Landfill, e.g. Control Dump <50 T/day

• Incinerator <10 T/day with air treatment

• Open Dump • Control Dump >50 T/day • Open Burning • Incinerator with no air

treatment

Proper and improper Solid Waste Disposal

Ref: Department of Pollution Control

Solid Waste Scheme of Thailand

Total solid waste 26.19 MMTones/year

In-sevice area from Local Administrative Organization 4,422 place 57%

Solid waste to collect 14.18 MMTones/year 56.55%

Solid waste in-service area 19.66 MMTones/year 75%

Out-sevice area from Local Administrative Organization 3,355 place 43%

Solid waste out-service area 6.54 MMTones/year 25%

To utilization 4.64 MMTones/year 17.72%

Solid waste with no service 0.21 MMTones/year 0.8%

to utilization 0.15 MMTones/year 1%

Improper management 6.39 MMTones/year 27%

Improper management 6.93 MMTones/year 26.46%

Proper management 7.88 MMTones/year 30.1%

To utilization 0.03 MMTones/year 0.14%

To proper collect 7.85 MMTones/year 30%

Managed Landfill 7.05 MMTones/year 27%

Compost 0.06 MMTones/year 0.2%

Incinerator 0.39 MMTones/year 1.5%

Others 0.35 MMTones/year 1.3%

Accumulative solid waste 14.80 MMTones/year 56.5%

Utilization solid waste 4.82 MMTones/year 18%

Plastics before use

Plastics after use Plastics from post disposal

Plastics from separation Plastics waste

Plastics from mixed waste

Recycle product manufacturer

Consumer

Plastics product Factory

Tree wheel collector

Recycle buyer shop

Recycle bank

Wash/grinder

Pelletizer

In-house recycling system

Municipal collector

Incineration or Landfill by themself

43%* 57%*

Poor people

Waste collector

/25% 3% <1% <1%* 15%

Landfill station area

Plastic recycle 5%

Landfill

Non-recycle Plastic 20%

Current Plastics Waste Cycle of Thailand

Ref: TIPMSE, The Federation of Thai Industries

Solid Waste and Plastics Waste in Thailand

YearSolid Waste Volume

(MMTones)

Solid Waste Generate Rate

(kg/head/day)

2008 23.93 1.03

2009 24.11 1.04

2010 24.22 1.04

2011 25.35 1.08

2012 24.73 1.05

2013 26.77 1.15

2014 26.19 1.11

23.93 24.11 24.22 25.35 24.73 26.77 26.19

1.03 1.04 1.04 1.08 1.05 1.15 1.11

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Solid Waste Volume(MMTones)

Solid Waste Generate Rate(kg/head/day)

Solid waste volume and generation rate 2008-2014

MMTones

3.11 3.13 3.15 3.30 3.21 3.48 3.40

0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14

0.15 0.14

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Plastics Waste Volume(MMTones)

Plastics Waste Generate Rate(kg/head/day)

Plastics waste volume and generation rate 2008-2014

MMTones

YearPlastics Waste Volume

(MMTones)

Plastics Waste Generate Rate

(kg/head/day)

2008 3.11 0.13

2009 3.13 0.14

2010 3.15 0.14

2011 3.30 0.14

2012 3.21 0.14

2013 3.48 0.15

2014 3.40 0.14

Solid Waste and Plastics Waste in System

YearSolid Waste Volume

(MMTones)

Solid Waste Generate

Rate

(kg/head/day)

Solid Waste in

System

(MMTones)

Utilized Solid

Waste

(MMTones)

2008 23.93 1.03 5.69 3.45

2009 24.11 1.04 5.97 3.86

2010 24.22 1.04 5.77 3.9

2011 25.35 1.08 5.64 4.1

2012 24.73 1.05 5.83 5.28

2013 26.77 1.15 7.27 5.15

2014 26.19 1.11 7.88 4.82

23.93 24.11 24.22 25.35 24.73 26.77 26.19

5.69 5.97 5.77 5.64 5.83 7.27 7.88 3.45 3.86 3.9 4.1 5.28 5.15 4.82

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Solid waste in system and utilized waste

Solid Waste Volume(MMTones)

Solid Waste in System(MMTones)

Utilized Solid Waste(MMTones)

3.11 3.13 3.15 3.30 3.21 3.48 3.40

0.74 0.78 0.75 0.73 0.76 0.95 1.02 0.45 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.69 0.67 0.63

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Plastics waste in system and utilized waste

Plastics Waste Volume(MMTones)

Plastics Waste in System(MMTones)

Utilized Plastics Waste(MMTones)

YearPlastics Waste Volume

(MMTones)

Plastics Waste

Generate Rate

(kg/head/day)

Plastics Waste in

System

(MMTones)

Utilized Plastics

Waste

(MMTones)

2008 3.11 0.13 0.74 0.45

2009 3.13 0.14 0.78 0.50

2010 3.15 0.14 0.75 0.51

2011 3.30 0.14 0.73 0.53

2012 3.21 0.14 0.76 0.69

2013 3.48 0.15 0.95 0.67

2014 3.40 0.14 1.02 0.63

Solid Waste Generation Rate by type of Administrative Organization

Generation rate of solid waste Kilogram/head/day

City Municipality 1.89

Town Municipality 1.15

Sub-district Municipality 1.02

Pattaya City 3.90

Sub-district Administrative Organization (SAO)

0.91

Bangkok 15%

Municipality

41%

Sub-district Administrative

Organization (SAO)

44%

Solid waste volume MMTones

26.19 MMTones

Type of Administrative organization

Solid waste volume

MMTones (%)

Bangkok 3.94 15%

Municipality 10.73 41%

Sub-district Administrative Organization (SAO)

11.52 44%

Total 26.19 100%

7,777 Administrative Organization in Thailand

Development of Solid Waste Disposal (2013-2104)

Details

Solid waste volume

(MMTones/y) Different

(%) 2013 2014

Municipal solid waste generate 26.77 26.19 -2.16

Municipal solid waste that can collect 14.36 14.81 +3.13

Municipal solid waste with proper disposal 7.42 7.88 +6.20

Municipal solid waste with utilization 5.15 4.82 -6.41

Municipal solid waste accumulate 28.00 14.80 -47.14

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

Municipalsolid wastegenerate

Municipalsolid waste

that cancollect

Municipalsolid wastewith proper

disposal

Municipalsolid waste

withutilization

Municipalsolid wasteaccumulate

26.77

14.36

7.42 5.15

28.00 26.19

14.81

7.88 4.82

14.80

2013 2014

Problem Area for Solid Waste Disposal Station 2014

Finished construction but can not operate

Didn’t finished construction and can not operate

LCA

LCA

Carbon footprint

Carbon footprint, Eco Label

Private & Confidential

1. Appropriated law and regulation for plastics waste 2. Appropriated plastics waste management system 3. Appropriated technology for mechanical recycle

and plastics to energy

What’s things suitable for Thailand

29

1-2 (4) Fundamental Law and the related laws of Japan

Among various laws, “Container and Packaging Recycling Law” is most closely related to plastic waste generated in citizens' daily life.

Thailand

Thailand

Thailand Thailand

●消費者＝排出抑制・分別排出 ●市町村＝分別収集 ●事業者＝再商品化（リサイクル）

役割分担 Sharing roles

出典：環境省ホームページ

※拡大生産者責任（ＥＰＲ）

30 Consumer

Municipalities Specified Business

Enitities

เทศบาล/เขต: แยกและจดัเก็บขยะ

ผู้ประกอบการ: รีไซเคิล

ผู้บริโภค: ช่วยแยกขยะ ลดปริมาณการทิง้ขยะ

ขายเป็นสนิค้า(หีบห่อบรรจภุณัฑ์)

ขนสง่ขยะหีบห่อและบรรจภุณัฑ์

แยกประเภทของหีบห่อ และบรรจภุณัฑ์

การแบง่หน้าท่ีของแตล่ะฝ่าย

หน้าท่ีและความรับผิดชอบเพ่ิมเติม ส าหรับผู้ประกอบการ

Consumers (selectively discard

containers or packaging)

Clothes manufactures,

etc

Recycling business (recyclers)

Municipalities (sorted collection of

used containers & packaging )

Designated user (food manufactures)

Designated Manufacture

(plastic container manufactures)

Designated body

(Japan Containers and Packaging Recycling Association)

Provide containers Supply products

Collecting used containers & packaging

Delivering used containers & packaging

Selling recycled products

Perform the recycling obligation (pay recycling fee)

Pay recycling costs

Conclude a contract

Pay recycling fee ( obligatory)

Discarding based on identification marks

1-2(5) Recycling Scheme under “ Containers and Packaging Recycling Law “ (Designated body route)

This law established a new recycling

scheme, which enabled the recycling of

plastic containers and packaging by

introducing “extended producer

responsibility”. The blue line shows the flow

of plastic waste. The red line shows the flow

of recycling fee.

Thank you