Textual Analysis Frame

8/10/2019 Textual Analysis Frame

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Camera Shots, Angle, Movement, CompositionShots:

Establishing shot- used to set the scene

Master shot-An angle that captures all characters and is used from start to finish

Close-up-Showing a characters head/shoulders only

Mid-shot-Showing a character from waist upLong shot-Showing the whole of a character

Wide shot-Showing a whole character long shot!

Two-shot-Showing two characters and relationship between them

Aerial shot-A shot taken from high above

Point of view shot-Showing what the character can see

Over the shoulder shot-filmed over a characters shoulder often used in conversations

Buffer shot-A bridging shot to separate two shots which would have reverse the continuity of it

Angle:

High angle-A shot filmed from above) looking down

Low angle-A shot filmed from below) looking upCanted angle-A shot filmed slanted to one side

Movement:

Pan-filmed using a camera filed at one point) moved left/right

Filmed using a camera fixed at one point) moved up/down

Track-to follow a character as they move

Dolly-to smoothly, zoom in/out of a shot

Crane-to film in a vertical direction

Steadicam-Filmed by being attached to the operator to provide a smooth shot

Hand-held-filmed by being held-used to create a homemade shot

Zoom/reverse zoom-zooming into/out of a shot

Composition:

Framing-drawing attention to a subject or image in shot by blocking other parts of the action by

something in the scene

Rule of thirds-Breaking a shot down into thirds horizontally and vertically to create 3 even parts

Depth of field-The distance between the nearest and farthest object that appear sharp

Deep focus-Where the foreground) middle ground and background are all clear

Shallow focus-Where one object is in focus where everything else is out of focus

Focus pulls-Where the focus changes within a shot) changing from one subject to another

Editing

Includes transition of image and sound

Continuity-one continuous shot

Non-continuity-montage of shots

Cutting:

Shot/reverse shot-conversation

Eye line match-what the character is looking at

Graphic match-Cutting between two different objects

Match cut-cutting between two different shots to make them seem smooth

Action match-Cutting between two different shots to make it appear continuous e.g. talking to

someone outside the door to a shot inside of them shutting the door to continue


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Jump cut-When a shot transitions to the next one which is very similar) often viewed as a mistake

in editing

Motivated cut-A cut at the point where the action makes the viewer want to see something that is

not visible

Crosscutting-Where the camera cuts from one action to another to suggest the similarity of them

Parallel editing-Alternating two or more scenes that happen simultaneously but in two differentplaces) often coming together in one place

Cutaway/insert-The interruption of a continuous shot with something else

Fast paced editing-Where scenes are cut together using lots of short clips to create an effect that

the action is occurring quickly (high cutting rate)

Cutting rhythm-The way the shots are put together to make it fast/slow pace and to build tension

etc.

Inset-A special visual effect where a reduced shot is superimposed on the main shot

Split screen-The division of the screen into different parts to show more than one action

Stock shot-footage already available to use for another purpose than what it was originally filmed

for

Other transitions:

Dissolve-the gradual transition from one shot to another

Fade-in/fade-out-When the picture turns to a single colour) usually black) or another image

Wipe-Where a new image is inserted travelling from one side to another

Superimposition-Putting a new image onto another

Long take-One uninterrupted shot which lasts long time

Short take-One short shot that is interrupted and then changed

Slow motion-Showing action slower to make it more dramatic

Ellipsis-Inserting a transition that creates a gap in the film, creating tension

Expansion of time-

Where the duration of a video sequence is longer than real timeVisual effects-Inputting things that you could not film e.g. explosions etc.

Sound

Soundtrack-The music that is played within a film

Score-Part of the films soundtrack that includes dialogue and special effects

Incidental music-Music that is written to enhance the mood of a scene and is played alongside

shots (soundtrack)

Themes-The piece of music that is used frequently alongside an opening sequence or credits) its

always associated with that show

Stings-A short musical phrase that is used alongside a film clip to identify a certain thing e.g. a

regular section of a show or to show a dramatic climax is imminentAmbient sound-

Music used to create atmosphere) used when silence is not wanted

Diegetic sound-Sound that would normally be in that clip e.g. people talking characters-can hear

Non-diegetic sound-Sound that would not be naturally in that clip e.g. a soundtrack overlay-

characters cannot hear!

Synchronous sound-Sound that is matched to certain actions in the clip e.g. footsteps for walking

Asynchronous sound-Sound that matches the action but is not precisely synchronised e.g. police

sirens when a police car passes does not have to be accurate

Sound effects-A sound created and added into a clip to emphasize a certain moment

Sound motif-A sound effect/effects that signifies a symbolic meaning

Sound bridge-Used as a transition to create continuityDialogue-Natural voices/conversation within a clip


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Voiceover-Voices/conversation inserted onto a clip to create a narrative

Mode of address-(How the text speaks to the audience and involves/influences them

Direct address-the name of a person) normally) who is being spoken to

Sound mixing-Where multiple recorded sounds are combined

Sound perspective-Where the sound is given distance) e.g. frequency and volume show how

far/close it is

Mise-en-Scne

Production design-The overall look of the film

Location-Where it is set

Studio-Where it is filmed

Set design-What the set looks like

Costume/ make-up-the things the characters wear

Lighting-Natural/artificial etc.

Colour design-Cold/warm) editing the lighting/set/costume to fit in with the mood of the film

Charlotte Hull

Documents

Textual Analysis Frame