B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023

Text GridTransforming Resources

Section B: MaterialsSubmitted to writer: 2017/01/04First draft English: 2017/01/13Exhibition team review: 2017/01/18Second draft English: 2017/01/23Exhibition team review: 2017/01/24Sent for Approval: 2017/01/27Approval: 2017-01-31Sent to English Edit: 2017-01-31English edit: 2017-02-01Exhibition team review: 2017-02-02To Translation: 2017-02-06Back from Translation: 2017-02-20Exhibition team review: 2017-03-02 and 2017-03-03Comparative edit:Exhibition team review:

IP No Text Type Main Messages Text (English) Text (French)

B T1 From Earth to Us: Materials

Want to convey idea of: We mine natural resources to produce materials which allow us to meet our needs and wants.

Materials: The Path to Products Matériaux : sur la piste des produits

B L1 text We make things we need and want out of materials. These materials are made from natural resources. People have always experimented with variety of

materials to meet their needs and wants. People have constantly used natural resources to

develop new materials and improve old.

To create products, we use materials made from natural resources.

Look around you.We make light bulbs out of glass.We make display panels out of plastic.We make elevators out of steel.

Pour créer des produits, nous utilisons des matériaux provenant de ressources naturelles.

Regardez autour de vous.Il faut du verre pour fabriquer des ampoules.Il faut du plastique pour fabriquer des panneaux d’exposition.

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023Il faut de l’acier pour fabriquer des ascenseurs.

B Graphic Chemical elements Natural resources Materials End Products

Chemical element: building blocks, pure substance that contain a single type of atom.

Natural resources: exist in nature and is extracted and processed to produce materials.

Materials: substances with specific set of properties that meet the requirements of a product

Product: object, article, substance made to be used, sold, consumed.

Chemical elements Natural resources Materials End products

Chemical elements: Building blocks of the world, containing only one type of atom

Natural resources: Obtained from nature, made into materials

Materials: Developed and selected for specific products

End products: Made to be sold to consumers

Éléments chimiques Ressources naturelles Matériaux Produits finis

Éléments chimiques : composants de base du monde constitués d’un seul type d’atome

Ressources naturelles : ce qui provient de la nature et que l’on transforme en matériaux

Matériaux : matières conçues ou choisies pour fabriquer différents produits

Produits finis : objets destinés à la consommation

B1-1 L2 text Materials belong to four categories – ceramics, metals, polymers (natural and synthetic), and composites.

Each category of materials is made from natural resources

Each category of material has different properties.Based on these properties, we use these materials for our specific needs and wants.

We group materials into four categories: ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites. Each category has its own properties that make it the best choice for certain products.

Les matériaux se divisent en quatre catégories : céramiques, métaux, polymères et composites. Chaque catégorie a des propriétés qui en font un bon choix pour fabriquer certains produits.

B1. Introduction and brief history of materials

B1-1-1 L2 group title

Ceramics Ceramics Céramiques

B1-1-1 L2 group caption

Ceramics are inorganic and non-metallic. The word “ceramic” comes from Greek ‘keramos” =

pottery or potter’s clay.

Ceramics are non-metallic and inorganic (not living matter). The word “ceramic” comes from the Greek keramos, which means “pottery” or “potter’s clay.”

Les céramiques sont non métalliques et inorganiques (ni animal ni végétal). Le terme « céramique » vient du grec keramos, qui signifie « poterie » ou « argile de potier ».

B1-1-1 L3 Recycling ceramics - We could do better! Almost all ceramics (and 100% of glass) can be recycled

Can I recycle ceramics?Yes! Nearly all ceramics can be recycled

Les céramiques sont-elles recyclables?Oui! Presque toutes les céramiques peuvent être

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023endlessly

Other than glass few municipalities collect them as recyclable waste.

endlessly, but few municipalities offer ceramic recycling.Can I recycle glass?Yes! And we do! 100% of glass can be recycled endlessly.

recyclées à l’infini, mais rares sont les municipalités où on le fait.Le verre est-il recyclable?Oui! Et nous le recyclons! Le verre est 100 % recyclable, à l’infini.

B1-1-1 PCap Ceramic under an electron microscope Ceramic under an electron microscope Céramique vue au microscope électronique

B1-1-1 PCred Zeiss Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy

B1-1-1 PrCap1 Glass(Arrows to glass)Can be see throughBrittle/breaks easily, Doesn’t rust, Stiff

GlassSee Synonym List for potential PrCap word choices

Verre

B1-1-1 PrCap2 Brick(Arrow to Brick)Dense, Lightweight, Doesn’t rust, Stiff

Brick Brique

B1-1-1 PrCap3 Tile(Arrows to Tile)Long lasting, Strong, Hard, Doesn’t rust, Stiff

Tile Tuile

B1-1-1 PrCap4 Transistor(Arrows to Transistor)Good insulator for electricity and heat

Transistor Transistor

B1-1-1 L3 title Natural Resource Natural Resources Ressources naturelles

B1-1-1 PrCap5 Sand Sand Sable

B1-1-2 L2 group title

Metals Metals Métaux

B1-1-2 L2 group caption

Metals are chemical elements that will carry/conduct heat and electricity and reflect light when polished.

Metals are chemical elements that conduct heat and electricity. They can be polished to reflect light.

Les métaux sont des éléments chimiques qui conduisent la chaleur et l’électricité. Une fois polis, ils réflètent la lumière.

B1-1-2 L3 text Recycling metals: We could do better! 100% of metals can be Can I recycle metal? Le métal est-il recyclable?

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023recycled endlessly. Yes! All metals can be recycled endlessly. Oui! Tous les métaux peuvent être recyclés à l’infini.

B1-1-2 PCap Metal (nickel) under an electron microscope Metal (nickel) under an electron microscope Métal (nickel) vu au microscope électronique

B1-1-2 PCred Zeiss Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy

B1-1-2 PrCap1 Copper wire(Arrows to copper wire) Conducts electricity, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength).

Copper wire Fil de cuivre

B1-1-2 PrCap2 Iron Frying pan (rusted)(Arrows to iron frying pan) Heat conductor, Can rust, Tough, Fatigue (weakens with repeated use)

Iron frying pan Poêle en fonte

B1-1-2 PrCap3 Steel screws (arrows to screws) Strong, High melting point, Tough

Steel screws Vis en acier

B1-1-2 PrCap4 Nickel (arrows to nickel) Tough Nickel Nickel

B1-1-2 L3 title Natural resource Natural resources Ressources naturelles

B1-1-2 PrCap5 Ore containing variety of metals Ore containing a variety of metals Minerai contenant plusieurs métaux

B1-1-3 L2 group title

Polymers Polymers Polymères

B1-1-3 L2 group caption

Polymers are substances composed of repeated chemically bonded units.Polymers can be natural (found in nature) or synthetic (made in labs).

Polymers are made up of parts called molecules that are strung together in a repeating pattern. Polymers can be natural (found in nature) or synthetic (made in labs).

Les polymères sont faits de particules de matière appelées molécules qui créent un motif régulier quand elles se lient ensemble. Les polymères peuvent être naturels (présents dans la nature) ou synthétiques (fabriqués en laboratoire).

B1-1-3 L3 text Recycling Polymers? It depends on what it is.Plastics: up to 80% recyclable,Paper: up to 85% recyclable (but only 4-6 times)

Can I recycle polymers? Yes! 80% of plastics and 85% of papers are recyclable. But paper can be recycled only 4 to 6 times.

Les polymères sont-ils recyclables?Oui! Les plastiques sont recyclables à 80 %, et les papiers à 85 %. Toutefois, on ne peut pas recycler le papier plus de 4 à 6 fois.

B1-1-3-1 PCap Natural polymer (wood) under electron microscope Natural polymer (wood) under an electron Polymère naturel (bois) vu au microscope

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023microscope électronique

B1-1-3-1 PCred Tatcher a Hainu Tatcher a Hainu Tatcher a Hainu

B1-1-3-2 PCap Synthetic polymer (nylon) under electron microscope Synthetic polymer (nylon) under an electron microscope

Polymère synthétique (nylon) vu au microscope électronique

B1-1-3-2 PCred Zeiss Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy

B1-1-3 PrCap1 Rubber (synthetic polymer)(Arrows to rubber)Non-corrosive, Lightweight, Insulator, not resistant to heat, do not biodegrade easily

Rubber (synthetic polymer) Caoutchouc (polymère synthétique)

B1-1-3 PrCap2 Plastic (synthetic polymer)(Arrows to plastic) Doesn’t rust, Lightweight, Insulator, not resistant to heat, do not biodegrade easily

Plastic (synthetic polymer) Plastique (polymère synthétique)

B1-1-3 PrCap3 Polyester (synthetic polymer)(Arrows to polyester) Non-corrosive, Lightweight, not resistant to heat, do not biodegrade easily

Polyester (synthetic polymer) Polyester (polymère synthétique)

B1-1-3 PrCap4 Paper (natural polymer)(Arrows to paper) Non-corrosive, Lightweight, Flammable, easily biodegradable

Paper (natural polymer) Papier (polymère naturel)

B1-1-3 L3 title Natural Resource Natural Resources Ressources naturelles

B1-1-3 PrCap5 Wood Wood Bois

B1-1-3 PrCap6 Oil Oil Huile

B1-1-4 L2 group title

Composites Composites Composites

B1-1-4 L2 group caption

A combination of two or more categories of materials, selected for their attractive properties.

Composites are a combination of two or more categories of materials selected for their best qualities.

Les composites sont un assemblage de deux ou plusieurs catégories de matériaux choisis en fonction de leurs qualités.

B1-1-4 L3 text Recycling composites: We could do better! Recycling is difficult Can I recycle composites? Les composites peuvent-ils être recyclés?

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023but many composites can be reused. You can try, but recycling is difficult. Instead,

look for ways to reuse composites.Oui, mais c’est difficile. Mieux vaut trouver moyen de les réutiliser.

B1-1-4 PCap Composite - Carbon fibre (ceramic) and plastic (polymer) under electron microscope.

A Composite: Carbon fibre (ceramic) and plastic (polymer) under an electron microscope

Un composite de fibre de carbone (céramique) et de plastique (polymère) vu au microscope électronique

B1-1-4 PCred Zeiss Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy ZEISS Microscopy

B1-1-4 PrCap1 Reinforced concrete (metal + ceramic)(Arrows to Reinforced concrete)Stiff, Strong, Tough, Heavy weight,

Reinforced concrete (metal + ceramic) Béton armé (métal + céramique)

B1-1-4 PrCap2 fiberglass (polymer + ceramic)(Arrows to fiberglass)Non-corrosive, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Low conductivity of heat and electricity, Stiff, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), Weather resistant

Fibreglass (polymer + ceramic) Fibre de verre (polymère + céramique)

B1-1-4 PrCap3 glass/PVB window (ceramic + polymer)(Arrows to glass/PVB window (car)) Non-corrosive, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Low conductivity, Stiff, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), Weather resistant

Glass and plastic window (ceramic + polymer) Fenêtre en verre et en plastique (céramique + polymère)

B1-1-4 PrCap4 Carbon fibre (polymer + ceramic)(Arrows to Carbon fibre) Doesn’t rust, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), High temperature tolerance, Non-flammable, Expensive

Carbon fibre (polymer + ceramic) Fibre de carbone (polymère + céramique)

B1-1-4 L3 title Natural resource Natural resources Ressources naturelles

B1-1-4 PrCap5 Sand Sand Sable

B1-2 L2 title Materials through time Materials through the ages Les matériaux à travers les âges

B1-2 L2 text Materials were a crucial commodity throughout history and From the Stone Age to the Silicon Age, Dès l’âge de la pierre, les matériaux ont dicté le tracé

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023have been the inspiration of wars, trade routes, and names of ages.

materials have given rise to trade routes, triggered conflict, and inspired art, engineering, innovation—and even the names of the ages themselves.

des routes commerciales. Ils ont attisé les conflits, inspiré artistes et ingénieurs et stimulé l’innovation. On a même donné leur nom à des périodes historiques et préhistoriques!

B1-2-1 PCap One of the oldest recorded texts talks about a dispute of the quality of copper traded between two merchants.

One of the oldest recorded texts relates a dispute between merchants over the quality of copper they were trading.

Un des textes les plus anciens de l’histoire relate une dispute entre marchands sur la qualité du cuivre dont ils faisaient commerce.

B1-2-1 Pcredit Credit: robotbrainz Creative Commons Robot Brainz, Creative Commons Robot Brainz, Creative Commons

B1-2-1 Group MapCap

To meet their needs and wants, people have been trading materials around the globe for millennia, transporting resources from communities that had them in abundance to others that needed them.

People have traded materials around the globe for millennia, moving goods from communities with resources to those without.

Depuis des millénaires, on fait le commerce des matériaux partout sur la planète. On transporte des biens provenant d’endroits riches en ressources vers des lieux qui en sont dépourvus.

B1-2-1 MapCap1 Amber Road, was a major trade route as far back as 1500s BCE The Amber Road was a major trade route 3,500 years ago.

Il y a 3 500 ans, la route de l’ambre était un important trajet commercial.

B1-2-1 PropCap1 Amber Amber Ambre

B1-2-1 MapCap2 Silk Road began as a route to trade minerals and later silk 4000 years ago

The Silk Road was a mineral trade route until 4,000 years ago, when silk became a highly sought after material.

Avant que la soie devienne extrêmement précieuse, il y a 4 000 ans, la route de la soie servait au commerce des minéraux.

B1-2-1 PropCap2 Silk Silk Soie

B1-2-1 MapCap3 Ancient Spice Routes date back to 3000 BCE Ancient spice routes date back 5,000 years. Ces anciennes routes des épices remontent à il y a 5 000 ans.

B1-2-1 PropCap3 CinnamonPepperCloves

CinnamonPepperCloves

CannellePoivreGirofle

B1-2-1 Instruct Smell this! Smell these! Sentez!

B1-2-1 MapCap4 Fur trade in Canada flourished between 1680 and 1760s to meet the demand in North America and in Europe.

Fur trade routes in Canada from 1680 to 1760.Canada’s fur trade flourished for several

Voies servant au commerce de la fourrure, de 1680 à 1760.Pendant plusieurs siècles, la traite des fourrures a

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023centuries to meet the demand for fashionable hats and coats, especially in Europe.

prospéré, au Canada, grâce à la demande des Européens, qui raffolaient des chapeaux et des manteaux de fourrure.

B1-2-1 PropCap4 Fur Fur Fourrure

MapCap5 First Nations in Canada began to trade iron from meteorites over 1,000 years ago.

The Indigenous peoples in Canada began to trade iron from meteorites over 1,000 years ago.

Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce du fer provenant de météorites il y a plus de 1 000 ans.

B1-2-1 PropCap5 Iron Iron Fer

B1-2-1 MapCap6 First Nations in Canada began to trade copper in 4,000 BCE. The Indigenous peoples in Canada began to trade copper about 6,000 years ago.

Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce du cuivre il y a environ 6 000 ans.

B1-2-1 PropCap6 Copper Copper Cuivre

B1-2-1 MapCap7 First Nations in Canada began to trade obsidian in 9,000 BCE. The Indigenous peoples in Canada began to trade obsidian about 11,000 years ago.

Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce de l’obsidienne il y a environ 11 000 ans.

B1-2-1 PropCap7 Obsidian (naturally occurring glass) Obsidian (naturally occurring glass) Obsidienne (verre naturel)

B1-2-1 MapCap8 First Nations in Canada began to trade silica over 12,000 years ago.

The Indigenous peoples in Canada began to trade silica over 12,000 years ago.

Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce de la silice il y a plus de 12 000 ans.

B1-2-1 PropCap8 Silica Silica Silice

B1-2-2 L3 text People have always experimented with variety of materials to meet their needs, constantly developing new materials and improving old.

People have always improved old materials and experimented with new varieties to make the products they need.

Depuis toujours, on tente d’améliorer les matériaux et d’en trouver de nouveaux pour fabriquer ce dont on a besoin.

B1-2-2 L3 instructional

Mission: Can you guess when humans first use these materials in products?

Your Mission: Guess when humans first used these materials in products.

Votre mission : Deviner quand les humains ont commencé à utiliser ces matériaux pour fabriquer des produits.

B1-2-2-1 Flip panel Ceramics Ceramics Céramiques

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023group1 ceramic tile – 14,000 BC

glass - 8000 BC brick – 10,000 BC

Ceramic tile – 14,000 BCE Brick – 10,000 BCE Glass – 8,000 BCE

Carreau de céramique – 14 000 avant notre ère

Brique – 10 000 avant notre ère Verre – 8 000 avant notre ère

B1-2-2-2 Flip panel group2

Metals copper jewellery - 8,000 BC gold – 6,000 BC aluminum - 1825

Metals Copper jewellery – 8,000 BCE Gold beads – 4500 BCE Aluminum – 1825

Métaux Bijoux en cuivre – 8 000 avant notre ère Perles en or – 4 500 avant notre ère Aluminium – 1825

B1-2-2-3 Flip panel group3

Polymers fire wood – 1 million BC natural rubber ball – 1600 BC Bakelite plastic e.g. – 1907 Spandex - 1959

Polymers Firewood – 1 million BCE Natural rubber ball – 1600 BCE Bakelite plastic – 1907 Spandex – 1959

Polymères Bois de chauffage – 1 000 000 avant notre

ère Balle en caoutchouc naturel – 1 600 avant

notre ère Plastique bakélite – 1907 Élasthanne – 1959

B1-2-2-3 Flip panel group4

Composite: felt – 20,000 BC plywood – 3400 BC optical fiber – 1970

Composite: Felt – 20,000 BCE Plywood – 3400 BCE Optical fibre – 1970

Composites Feutre – 20 000 avant notre ère Contreplaqué – 3 400 avant notre ère Fibre optique – 1970

B3. Material test lab

B3 L2 title Material test lab Be a Materials Scientist! Découvrez la science des matériaux!

B3 L2 text Mission: experiment to discover which materials have the properties that best meet our specific needs and wants.Materials have a set of attributes, or properties such as density, strength, toughness, elasticity that make them perfect, or not, for the objects that we need and want in our lives.

Materials can be strong, dense, flexible, rigid, stretchy, bouncy, and more. Each of these properties makes a material perfect for some products, but a poor choice for others.

Solides, denses, flexibles, rigides, élastiques… Chaque matériau a des propriétés qui en font un bon choix pour fabriquer certains objets, et un mauvais choix pour d’autres.

B3-1 L3 title Hockey sticks Hockey sticks: Strength and flexibility face off! Bâtons de hockey : Solidité et flexibilité se disputent la victoire

B3-1 L3 instructional

Bend the sticks to test flexibility. Your Mission: Bend these hockey sticks to test how flexible they are.

Votre mission : Plier ces bâtons de hockey pour tester leur flexibilité.

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023B3-1 L3 Shout-out Flexibility - how far an object can bend, without breaking.

(“deform in the direction of applied force”)Flexibility: How far an object can bend without breaking

Flexibilité : à quel point on peut plier un objet sans le briser

B3-1 PrCap1 Wood (polymer) Wood (polymer) Bois (polymère)

B3-1 PrCap2 Aluminum (metal) Aluminum (metal) Aluminium (métal)

B3-1 PrCap3 Carbon fibre (composite) Carbon fibre (composite) Fibre de carbone (composite)

B3-2 PrCap4 Glass (ceramic) is not very flexible and breaks easily! Glass (ceramic)What would happen if you tried to bend this?

Verre (céramique)Qu’arriverait-il si on essayait de plier ce bâton en verre?

B3-1-1 PrCap Erik Karlsson chose this composite hockey stick made of …. because of its …. What materials are in your hockey stick?

Prop Accessoire

B3-1-2 PCap1 Carbon fibre is the most flexible and also strongest, hockey players love it!

Hockey players love carbon fibre hockey sticks because they are strong and flexible.

Les joueurs de hockey ont un faible pour les bâtons en fibre de carbone, car ils sont à la fois solides et flexibles.

B3-1-2 PCredit1 Credit: Ottawa Senators Ottawa Senators Sénateurs d’Ottawa

B3-2 L3 title Bouncey balls Bouncy balls: Leaping for elasticity Balles rebondissantes : une élasticité qui saute aux yeux!

B3-2 L3 subtitle How high a ball can bounce is largely determined by how good is its elasticity.

How high a ball can bounce depends on its elasticity.

La hauteur qu’une balle peut atteindre en rebondissant dépend de son élasticité.

B3-2 L3 instructional

Flip over the columns to test which ball bounces higher. Your Mission: Test these balls to see which materials give the best bounce.

Votre mission : Tester ces balles pour trouver les matériaux qui rebondissent le mieux.

B3-2 L3 shoutout Elasticity is how well an object resists deformity and returns to its original shape after stretching or squeezing.

Elasticity: How well a squeezed or stretched object returns to its original shape

Élasticité : Capacité d’un objet à reprendre sa forme après avoir été comprimé ou dilaté.

B3-2 PrCap1 Wood (polymer) Wood (polymer) Bois (polymer)

B3-2 PrCap2 Steel (metal) Steel (metal) Acier (métal)

B3-2 PrCap3 Ceramic Ceramic Céramique

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023B3-2 PrCap4 Fabric (composite) Fabric (composite) Tissu (composite)

B3-2 PrCap5 Superball (polymer) Super Ball (polymer) Super balle (polymère)

B3-2-1 Prop cap Super Balls are made from a special polymer that has maximal elasticity – meaning it bounces really high!

Kids love Super Balls because they are made from a super elastic polymer, so they bounce really high.

Les enfants raffolent des super balles parce qu’elles rebondissent très haut, grâce à un polymère hyper élastique.

B3-3 L3 title Guitars Guitar strings: Tuning with tension Cordes de guitare : une tension au diapason

B3-3 L3 subtitle The tension of the strings largely determines what notes they produce.

Changing the tension on a guitar string changes the notes it produces.

En modifiant la tension d’une corde de guitare, on modifie également la note qu’elle produit.

B3-3 L3 instructional

Turn the dial to change the tension (how tight the string is). Pluck the strings to hear the note.

Your Mission: Turn the dial to change the string’s tension. Pluck the string to hear the note change.

Votre mission : Tourner le bouton pour modifier la tension de la corde. Pincez la corde pour constater le changement de note.

B3-3 L3 shoutout Tension is a measure of the amount of force applied when pulling on an object such as a string before it breaks.

Tension: The amount of force you can use to stretch an object before it breaks

Tension : Force maximale que l’on peut utiliser pour étirer un objet avant qu’il brise.

B3-3 PrCap1 Silk (polymer) Silk (polymer) Soie (polymère)

B3-3 PrCap2 Nickel-plated steel (metal) Nickel-plated steel (metal) Acier recouvert de nickel (métal)

B3-3 PrCap3 XXXX (ceramic)

B3-3 PrCap4 Silver-plated nylon (composite) Silver-plated nylon (composite) Nylon recouvert d’argent (composite)

B3-3-1 PrCap TBD (10 words)

B3-3-1 PCap Nickel-plated steel is used on most guitars today. Guitar players love nickel-plated steel strings because ….

Les guitaristes préfèrent les cordes d’acier recouvertes de nickel parce que…

B4 Periodic table – Text to be translated separately.

B5 Materials have changed the way we live.

B5-1 Artifact group title

Old product, new material. Wrinkle removers: The making of the modern iron

Adieu, mauvais plis : petite histoire du fer à repasser

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023B5-1 Artifact

Group Caption

The materials used to make irons have changed over time. New materials have brought different characteristics which change or improve their functionality.

Today’s clothes iron is the result of more than a century of experimentation. Over the decades, innovators have improved the iron using the best available materials, heat sources, and manufacturing techniques.

Plus de cent ans d’expérimentations ont mené au fer à repasser moderne. Pendant des décennies, les inventeurs ont amélioré le fer en sélectionnant les meilleurs matériaux, sources de chaleur et techniques de fabrication.

B5-1-1 ATomb Iron, 1860Manufacturer unknownArtifact no. 1987.0305

Iron, 1860Manufacturer unknownArtifact no. 1987.0305

Fer à repasser, 1860Fabricant inconnuNo d’artefact : 1987.0305

B5-1-1-1 Acap1 (arrow pointing to body of iron) Heavy, hot, gets out wrinkles. Hot and heavy does the job. Tout est dans la chaleur et le poids.

B5-1-1-2 Acap2 (arrow pointing to metal handle) Careful, don’t burn yourself! Very hot!

Ouch! Metal gets hot! Be careful. Aïe! Le métal devient brûlant! Soyez prudents!

B5-1-1-3 Acap3 (arrow pointing to different part of body) Metal loses heat – has to be reheated.

Metal cools quickly. Time to reheat. Le métal refroidit vite. De retour sur le feu!

B5-1-1-4 Acap4 (arrow pointing to rusty part of body) Rust stains fabric. Oh no! Rust on my shirt! Oh non! Ma chemise est tachée de rouille!

B5-1-2 ATomb Charcoal Iron, 1870Made by Joseph and Jesse Siddons Ltd, West Bromwich, EnglandArtifact no. 1992.0266

Charcoal Iron, 1870Made by Joseph and Jesse Siddons Ltd., West Bromwich, EnglandArtifact no. 1992.0266

Fer au charbon, 1870Fabriqué par Joseph and Jesse Siddons Ltd.,West Bromwich, AngleterreNo d’artefact : 1992.0266

B5-1-2-1 Acap1 (arrow pointing to body of iron) Red-hot charcoal quickly heats up its heavy, metal body.

Heavy metal heats up fast. Les métaux lourds deviennent chauds rapidement.

B5-1-2-2 Acap2 (arrow pointing to wood handle) Wood stays cool. Wood stays cool, so it’s safe to grab. Le bois reste froid. Parfait pour une poignée.

B5-1-2-3 Acap3 (arrow pointing to brass shield on body near handle) Brass dissipates heat sideways, protecting the hand.

The brass shield directs heat sideways, protecting your hand.

Le panneau de laiton protège la main en redirigeant la chaleur sur les côtés.

B5-1-3 ATomb Electric Iron, 1941Made by Waverly Tool Co., Sandusky, Ohio, USAArtifact no. 1996.0035

Electric Iron, 1941Made by Waverly Tool Co., Sandusky, Ohio, USAArtifact no. 1996.0035

Fer électrique, 1941Fabriqué par Waverly Tool Co., Sandusky (Ohio), É.-U.No d’artefact : 1996.0035

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023B5-1-3-1 Acap1 (arrow pointing to body of iron) Chrome plated steel –

luxurious!Chrome-plated steel really shines! L’acier chromé brille de mille feux!

B5-1-3-2 Acap2 (arrow pointing to soleplate) Steel heats up and cools down easily – allowing the user to control the temperature.

Steel heats and cools easily for better temperature control.

L’acier permet un bon contrôle de la température, car il se réchauffe et se refroidit facilement.

B5-1-3-3 Acap3 (arrow pointing to plastic knob and handle) Plastic protects the hand from the heat

Plastic stays cool when things get hot. Le plastique reste froid, même quand la température monte.

B5-1-3-4 Acap4 (arrow pointing to fancy handle) Plastic molded into fancy shape. (could just say Fancy!)

Molded plastic lets us get fancy. Le plastique moulé permet un peu de fantaisie.

B5-1-3-5 Acap5 (arrow pointing to metal fins) Metal fins dissipates heat away from the hand towards the fabric.

Metal fins direct heat toward the fabric, not your hand.

Les ailettes de métal redirigent la chaleur vers le tissu plutôt que vers la main.

B5-1-3-6 Acap6 (arrow pointing to the wires) Asbestos and cotton insulate the wiring.

Asbestos and cotton insulate wires. L’amiante et le coton isolent les fils.

B5-1-4 ATomb Silver Streak Electric Iron, 1946Made by Corning Glass Works and Saunders Machine and Tool Corporation, Corning, New YorkArtifact no. 1995.0796

Silver Streak Electric Iron, 1946Made by Corning Glass Works and Saunders Machine and Tool Corporation, Corning, New York, USAArtifact no. 1995.0796

Fer électrique Silver Streak, 1946Fabriqué par Corning Glass Works et Saunders Machine and Tool Corporation, Corning, New York, É.-U.No d’artefact : 1995.0796

B5-1-4-1 Acap1 (arrow pointing to body) Pyrex borosilicate glass – response to metal shortages during the Second World War.

Metal shortage? Try glass! Pénurie de métal? Passez au verre!

B5-1-4-2 Acap2 (Arrow pointing to body) Beautifully coloured. Beautiful! Magnifique!

B5-1-4-3 Acap3 (arrow pointing to body) Heavy and fragile – not practical. Careful! It’s heavy and fragile. Attention! C’est lourd et fragile.

B5-1-5 ATomb Ultra-Steam Plus Electric Iron, 1990Made by Hamilton Beach and Proctor-Silex Inc., MexicoArtifact no. 2008.0106

Ultra-Steam Plus Electric Iron, 1990Made by Hamilton Beach/Proctor-Silex Inc., MexicoArtifact no. 2008.0106

Fer électrique Ultra-Steam Plus, 1990Fabriqué par Hamilton Beach/Proctor-Silex Inc., MexiqueNo d’artefact : 2008.0106

B5-1-5-1 Acap1 (arrow pointing to soleplate): Steel allows temperature customized to fabric type. Non-sticky

Steel, for a non-stick surface and precise temperature control

L’acier, idéal pour ses propriétés antiadhésives et un contrôle précis de la température

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023B5-1-5-2 Acap2 (arrow pointing to body): Plastic prevents heat loss. Plastic keeps the heat in. Le plastique garde la chaleur à l’intérieur.

B5-1-5-3 Acap3 (arrow pointing to handle): Plastic protects the user’s hand. Cool plastic, cool hands Plastique frais, main en sûreté

B5-1-5-4 Acap4 (arrow pointing to water gauge): Clear plastic - see the level of water.

Clear plastic—a window to your water level Plastique transparent, vue limpide sur le liquide

B5-1-5-5 Acap5 (arrow pointing to indicator light and green decorative buttons and knobs): Colour

Colours! Un peu de couleur!

B5-1-5-6 Acap6 (arrow pointing to wire): Rubber – flexible, heat resistant, non-conductive.

Rubber insulation: flexible, heat-resistant, and safe.

Le caoutchouc d’isolation : résistant à la chaleur, sûr et flexible.

B5-2 L2 title Materials innovations Materials—repurposed, remixed, and reimagined

Des matériaux réutilisés, réassemblés et réinventés

B5-2 L2 text Materials are being continually developed and improved to meet our changing needs and wants.

We continue to develop and improve materials to suit our changing lifestyles.

Nous développons et améliorons sans cesse les matériaux pour les adapter à nos besoins changeants.

B5-2-1 L3 title Pinock Smith and birch bark

B5-2-1 PrCap TBD

B5-2-2 L3 title Cellulose nanocrystals, Stephanie Kedzior

B5-2-2 PrCap

B5-2-3 L3 title Andrew Pelling’s composite ears Repurposed 42, or graphite to graphene, or conductive ink.

B5-2-3 PrCap TBD

B5-2-4 L3 title Rare Earth magnets Sticking with magnets Les aimants : une histoire d’attraction!

B5-2-4 PrCap These magnets, made from a mix of Rare Earth element neodymium, iron and boron, are widely used today. They are small but super strong and permanent (they create their own magnetic field) and are crucial to our electronics and green

Rare earth magnets are used in many products, from children’s toys to wind turbines. These are made from the rare earth element neodymium, combined with iron and boron. They’re super

Les aimants à base de terres rares sont utilisés dans une foule de produits, allant des jouets aux éoliennes. Ils sont faits de néodyme, un métal du groupe des terres rares, combiné à du fer et du

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B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 5 May 2023technologies. strong for their small size and never lose their

magnetism.bore. Très puissants pour leur taille, ils ne perdent jamais de leur magnétisme.

B5-2-5 L2 text (Graphic/comic: Superhero of Canadian innovation) Janice ZinckName: Janice ZinckSuperhero name: Lady ChromiteAbilities: A metallurgical engineer, geologist and chemist who specialises in rare earth elements and chromite. She is a highly capable team leader who is persistently attempts to minimalize environmental impacts.Achievements/exploits:Director of Mineral and Metallurgical Processing at NRCanDirector of Green Mining Research at NRCanQuote: “I would like there to be an appreciation for the work that the industry does. And I would like to be part of that change.”Photo in action:Caricature:Arch-nemesis: Inaction

B5-2-6 L2 text (Superhero of Canadian innovation) Ursula FranklinMoved to be part of superhero batch.

B5-2-7 L2 Text (Superhero of Canadian innovation) Chuck EdwardsMoved to be part of superhero batch.

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