Testing Application Standard No 112-95

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TESTING APPLICATION STANDARD (TAS) No. 112-95

STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR CONCRETE ROOF TILES

1. Scope

1.1 This Protocol covers concrete rooftiles manufactured from Portland cement, water, andmineral aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials, see Section 5.3.

Note 1: Concrete roof tiles covered by this specifica

tion are made from lightweight or normal

weight aggregates or both.

Note 2: When particular features are desired, such as

color, surface texture for appearance, or otherspecial features, such properties should be

specified by the purchaser. However, the local

sellers should be consulted as to the availabil

ity of concrete roof tile having a desired fea

ture.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM StandardsC 33 Standard Specification for

Concrete AggregatesC 67 Standard Methods of Testing Brick

and Clay TileC 150 Standard Specification for Portland

CementC 260 Standard Specification for Air-

Entraining Admixtures forConcrete

C 331 Standard Specification forLightweight Aggregates forMasonry Units

C 494 Standard Specification forChemical Admixtures for Concrete

C 595 Standard Specifications forBlended Hydraulic Cements

C 618 Standard Specification for Fly Ashand Raw of Calcined NaturalPozzolan for use as a MineralAdmixture in Portland CementConcrete

C 979 Standard Specification forPigments for Integrally ColoredConcrete

E 380 Excerpts from the StandardPractice for Use of theInternational System ofUnits (SI)(the Modernized Metric System)

3. Terminology & Units

3.1 Definitions - For definitions of terms used inthis Protocol, refer to Chapter 2 and Section1513of the Florida Building Code, Building;and/or the RCI Glossary ofTerms. Definitionsof the Florida Building Code, Building shalltake precedence.

3.2 Definitions - The following terms are used inconnection with concrete roof tiles:

Batten Lugs: Protrusions on the underside ofthe tilesdesigned to engage over the upper edgeof tiling battens.

Flat Profile Tile: Flat profile shaped tiles are defined asthose tiles having a rise to width ratioequal to 0.00.

Headlap: The dimension by which the overlap ofthe nose end of the tiles covers the headend of the tow of tiles immediately

under it.

High Profile Tile: High profile shaped tiles are defined asthose tiles having a rise to width ratiogreater than 0.20.

Interlocking Tile: Those tiles with a system of ribs orgrooves enabling the lateral joining ofadjacent tiles in the same horizontalrow, with the overlapping covering theunderlapping.

Length: The maximum overall dimension of the

tiles as measured parallel to the interlock.

Low Profile Tile: Low profile tiles are defined as thosetiles having a rise to width ratio lessthan or equal to 0.20.

Nail Hole: A small opening passing partially ortotally through the tiles to allow thepenetration of a nail or screw for thepurpose of fastening the tiles to a support.

Non-InterlockingTile: Those tiles without restrictive ribs,

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(TAS) No. 112-95

grooves or channels at the underlap andoverlap.

Nose Lugs: A projecting on the underside of the

nose of each tile, contoured to fit intothe main water courses of the tilesimmediately below, inhibiting the entryof wind driven rain.

Profile: The contour of the top surface of thetiles when viewed from the nose end.

Side Lap: The width of the section of tiles containing the underlap.

Thickness: Any vertical measurement of the cross

section of the tiles excluding the lapping area, nose lugs, and weatherchecks.

Width: The maximum overall dimension of thetiles as measured perpendicular to thelength or water channel.

Rise: The vertical distance from the undersideofthe batten lug to the highest point ofthe surface profile.

WaterCourse: The valley portions of profiled tilesalong which water drains.

3.3 Units - For conversion of U.S. customaryunits to SI units, refer to ASTM E 380.

4. Classifications

4.1 Concrete roof tiles manufactured in accordance with this specification are of the following types.

4.1.1 Type 1 Interlocking Tiles

Type la High Profile Shaped TilesType lb Low Profile Shaped Tiles

4.1.2 Type 2 Non-Interlocking Tiles

Type 2a High Profile Shaped TilesType 2b Low Profile Shaped Tiles

4.1.3 Type 3 Other Tile

Type 3a Flat TileType 3b Accessory Tiles - Shall

include those tiles such as

ridge, rake, hip, valley and allother tiles used in conjunctionwith those tiles listed in 4.1above.

5. Material and Manufacture

5.1 Cementitious Materials - Materials shall conform to the following applicable ASTM TestStandards:

C ISO Portland Cements

C 595 Blended Hydraulic Cements

C 618 Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural

Pozzolan for use as a MineralAdmixture in Portland CementConcrete.

5.2 Aggregates shall conform to the followingapplicable ASTM Test Standards, except thatgrading requirements do not apply:

5.2.1 Normal Weight - C 33 ConcreteAggregates

5.2.2 Light Weight - C 331 LightweightAggregates for Concrete.

5.3 Other Constituents - such as chemical andmineral admixtures established as suitable foruse in concrete shall conform to ASTM TestStandards where applicable, or shall be shownby tests or experience not to be detrimental tothe durability of concrete.

6. Standard Methods of Sampling Concrete Tile

6.1 Tile sampling shall be appropriate for one ofthe following three purposes:

6.1.1 Resolution of Quality Disputes

6.1.2 Third Party Certification

6.1.3 Specific Order Verification

6.2 Tile sampling for the purpose listed in 6.1shall be taken according to Table 3. In theevent the first fails, a second set of samplesshall be taken and tested in accordance withthe criteria listed in Table 3.

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(TAS) No. 112-95

6.3 Sampling Procedure:6.3.1 Buyer and Seller shall agree on the

method of sampling prior to shipment.

Whenever possible, the samplingmethod shall be such that all tiles inthe consignment have equal chance ofbeing selected on each trial. Select therequired number of tiles at randomthroughout the consignment.

7. Standard Method ofTesting Concrete Roof Tiles

7.1 The following tests are required on ConcreteRoof Tiles.

1. Dimensional

2. Freeze Thaw3. Transverse Strength4. Permeability5. Water Absorption

7.2 Testing for Dimensional Tolerances

7.2.1 Dimensions - The total variation indimensions oftiles, when measured inaccordance with test method C 67,shall not be more than 5% from thenominal dimensions specified by the

supplier.

7.2.2 Weight - The total variation inweightoftiles, when measured in accordancewith test method C 67, shall not bemore than 10% from the nominalweight specified by the supplier.

7.3 Test of Freeze Thaw (Section 7.3 shall not berequired for the purposes of Florida

Building Code, Building requirements).

7.3.1 Tiles shall be subjected to SO cycles of

the freezing and thawing test MethodASTM C 67, as modified in 7.2.2.

7.3.1.1 A lot shall be rated as passingprovided that a sample, fromthe same design, and samematerials had passed the testwithin the previous 12months.

7.3.2 Modify method ASTM C 67 Section8.2 as follows: The test specimensshall consist offive whole tiles. The

freezing trays and containers shall beof sufficient size and depth to allow

the tiles to be completely submerged inwater when placed horizontally.

Note:A

large capacity freezer maybe

necessaryto

accomplish freezing in the manner specified

in Test Methods C 67 for trays containing

more than one tile. Custom trays may be nec

essary to enclose the tile(s) and minimizethe

volume ofwater required to completely sub

merge the tile(s).

7.3.2.1 The following alternate procedure may be used to perform the freeze-thaw test in aminimum time.

The test specimens shall con

sist offive whole tiles. Thetiles shall be totally immersedin water at a temperature of 75 10 F (24 6 C) for 24hours. The tiles shall then beindividually sealed in a plasticbag (10 mil (0.25 mm) polyethylene has proved suitable)or between preformed plastictrays with at least 500 cc ofwater or a sufficient amountthat will provide a layer ofwater between 1/16 in. and

1/8

in. (1 to 3 mm) thick surrounding the tile. When usingthe plastic bags, they shouldbe evacuated to remove the airand then heat sealed toenclose the tile and the water.When using molded trays theyshould be clamped or otherwise sealed to encapsulate thetile and the water. At least oneofthe tiles in the sample undertest shall be drilled at the mid

point ofthe top surface to adepth ofthe mid-plane ofthetiles with a hole of

1/16 in. (1

mm) with rapid setting epoxytype cement, such that thebead is at the mid-plane ofthetile. The sealed tiles may bestacked in a freezer chamberprovided that (a) the samplecontaining the thermocoupleis at the center ofthe stack;and, (b) that at least

1/2in. (12

mm) space is provided

between the tiles.



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(TAS) No. 112-95

with the flat bearing members shall have a

length of at least 25% of the width of the tile.

Such blocks shall be spaced no farther apart

than 25%ofthewidth ofthe tile to avoid con

centrated loading. Loading support members

shall be parallel to each other and be placed in

the same alignment across the width of the

tile, when viewed from the end of the tile, to

avoid torsional loading.

7.4.6 The length of the support and loadingmembers shall be no greater than thewidth ofthe tile.

7.4.7 Both of the support members and theloading member shall be free to rotatein the longitudinal and transversedirections of the test specimen and be

adjusted so that they will exert noforce in these directions. This may bespherically seated steel balls withappropriate supporting springs.

7.4.8 The tile shall be loaded uniformly andcontinuously, without shock, at a ratenot to exceed 1000 lbf (4550 N)/minuntil fracture.

7.4.9 Record the load in pounds (kilograms)at the fracture of the five tiles andreport the average ofthe five tests andthe minimum individual result.

7.4.10 For tile with a width other than 14 in.(35.6 cm) the minimum values inTable 1 are to be adjusted proportionally to the change in width accordingto the following:

TABLE 1TRANSVERSE BREAKING STRENGTH, MINIMUM LBF (N)

Tile

Profile

Dry Tile Wet Tile

Average of FiveTiles

Individual

Tile

Average of Five

Tiles

Individual

Tile

High Profile 400 (1780) 350 (1557) 300 (1334) 260(1157)

Low Profile 300 (1335) 260(1157) 225 (1001) 200 (890)

Flat Profile 250 (1122) 215 (956) 190 (845) 160 (712)



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(TAS) No. 112-95

7.4.11 Conditioning Procedure

Prior to being tested for transverse

breaking strength, the tiles shall be

conditioned in one of the two follow

ing methods agreed upon between the

supplier and specifier, a) Dry Testing:

Oven dry all tiles at 160F 5F

(71C 3C) for 24 hours. Then allow

to cool to room temperature prior to

testing, b) Wet Testing: Submerge the

tiles for 24 hours in water at a temper

ature of 75 10F (24 6C).

7.5 Permeability

7.5.1 Apparatus: Provide a walled frameand stand, as shown in Figure 2,

designed to closely surround the

perimeter of the tile and provide for

the horizontal support of the tile with

the exposed surface uppermost, and

for sealing around the perimeter. Any

support flange or sealant material shall

not protrude more than 1/2 in. (12 mm)

onto the surface of either side of the

tile. The height of the stand shall be

sufficient to allow observation of the

underside of the tile. The height of the

perimeter frame wall should be al least

3 in. (75 mm) greater than the height

of the tile profile to be tested.

7.5.2 Procedure: Seal the entire perimeter of

the tile in the frame with suitable com

pound such as putty, mastic, or sili

cone sealant that will provide a water

tight seal. Nail holes shall be similarly

sealed. Sealant shall not protrude more

than 1/2 in. (12 mm) onto the surface of

either side of the tile. Place the frame

and stand assembly on a nonabsorbentsurface and adjust the stand so the tile

is horizontal. Add water at 75 10F

(24 6C) to a depth of 2 1/4"

(51 6 mm) measured from the high

est point of the upper surface of the

tile. Maintain the depth of water for

the 24 hour duration of the test and

periodically observe the underside of

the tile and the surface beneath the

stand for signs of water droplets.

7.5.3 Acceptance Criteria: The tile shall

have passed the test if, after 24 hours,

not water droplets have fallenfromthe

underside of the tile. If water droplets

have fallen, the tile has failed the per

meability test.

7.6 Method for determining WaterAbsorption

7.6.1 Apparatus: The procedures and appa

ratus shall be in compliance with

Section 6 of ASTM Test Standard C

140.

7.6.2 Procedure: Immerse the tile specimen

in water at room temperature at 60 to

80F (15.6 to 26.7C) for 24 hours.Weigh the specimens while suspended

by a metal wire and completely sub

merge in water. Remove the speci

mens from the water and allow to

drain for 1 minute by placing them on3/8 in. (9.5 mm) wire mesh. Remove

any visible surface water with a damp

cloth and weigh to the nearest gram.

Subsequent to saturation, dry all spec

imens in a ventilated oven at 212 to

239F (100 to 115C) for a minimum

of 24 hours and continue until two suc

cessive weight measurements, at inter

vals of 2 hours, show a weight

decrease less than or equal to 0.2% of

the previously determined weight of

the specimen.

Water absorption shall be calculated

using the following formula:

where,

A = absorption (lb/ft3);

E = Mass ofWetUnit, (lb.);

C = Mass of Dry Unit, (lb.); and

F = Suspended Immersed Weight

ofUnit, (lb.)

Tile utilized in the High Velocity

Hurricane Zone jurisdiction shall be

rated and shall meet the absorption

requirements noted in Table 2, below.



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(TAS) NO. 112-96

TABLE 2TILE RATINGS AND MAXIMUM WATER ABSORPTION

WsightClassification

W - Oven Dry Weights ofTllef (lb/ft

3)

Max. Watar AbsorptionIb/ft

3-(kg/m

3)

Class I

Class II

Class III

W 1 0 5

1 0 5 < W < 1 2 6

W 1 2 6

18 (288)

15(240)

13 (208)

TABLE 3NUMBER OP TILES TO BE RE-TESTED

Teat Quality Dispute Third Party 0 to 250,000 Over 250,000

Freeze Thaw 5 5 * *

Dimensional 5 5 5 5

Transverse 3 5 3 5

Permeability 3 3 3 5

Water Absorption 3 3 3 5

1Freeze Thaw Testing is only required for regions subject to freeze thaw.

2 Annual Test Data Available

TABLE 4

RETEST CRITERIA (FAILURE RATE REQUIRED)

Numbar of Tilea Numbar of Samploa Lot Accspted Lot Rejected

Less than SO

151-3,200

3,201 - 35,000

35,001 - 500,000

Over 500,000

3

13

20

32

50

0

1

2

3

5

1

2

3

4

5

Example: If 250,000 Tiles were in a lot, then 32 samples would be taken for the retest of that specific test fai led If 3 ofthe 32 samples failed the lot

would be rated as passing, however if4 of 32 samples failed the lot would have failed the specific test

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(TAS) No. 112-95

8. Texture and Color

8.1 The texture and color of tiles should be speci

fied by the purchaser and mutually agreed upon

between purchase and supplier with reference

to a sample of the type specified representing

the possible range of shades and textures.

9. Inspection

9.1 Inspection of the material covered by this

specification shall be carried out by the

Authority Having Jurisdiction, without notice,

during the period ofthe Notice of Acceptance.

9.2 The tiles, as delivered to the site, shall, by

visual inspection by the building official, conform to the requirements set forth in this

Protocol and shall conform to samples and

test reports submitted to the Authority Having

Jurisdiction. Minor indentations, chips or sur

face cracks incidental to the usual method of

manufactures, and not extending through the

body of the tile, shall not be deemed grounds

for rejection.

9.3 After tiles are placed in usage, the manufac

turer or his agent shall not be held responsible

for compliance of the tiles with the requirements of this specification for dimensional

tolerances, or color.

10. Rejection and Rehearing

10.1 Material that fails to conform to the require

ments of this specification may be rejected by

the building official. Rejection should be

promptly reported in writing to the supplier.

In case of rejection, and if not specifically

excluded in the purchase contract, the suppli

er shall have the right to inspect the rejected

lot and resubmit the lot after removal of thematerial not conforming to the specified

requirements, provided this is done with in 20

days after receipt of notice of the specific

cause for rejection.

10.2 In the case the shipment fails to conform to

the requirements for the type of tile specified,

the manufacturer is permitted to sort it, and

new specimens shall be selected by the pur

chaser from the retained lot and tested at the

expense of the supplier. In the case the second

set of specimens fails to meet the requirements, the entire shipment shall be rejected.

11. Certification

11.1 The ChiefCodeCompliance Officer shall cer

tify that the tile is in compliance with this

Protocol by the issuance ofa Product Control

Notice of Acceptance to the applicant. Tile

forms part of a system that requires testing

under additional protocols for usage in the

High Velocity Hurricane Zone jurisdiction.



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(TAS) No. 112-95

FIGURE 1TRANSVERSE STRENGTH TEST APPARATUS

FIGURE 2PERMEABILITY TEST APPARATUS



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TESTING APPLICATION STANDARD (TAS) No. 112-95Appendix 'A'

CLARIFICATION OF TESTING FREQUENCY ANDSAMPLING METHOD

1. Scope

1.1 The purpose ofthis Appendix is to define frequency of testing and method of sampling.

2. Definitions

2.1 Domestic Manufacturers: Those companieswhose tiles are manufactured in the United

States.

2.2 Import Manufacturers: Those companieswhose tiles are manufactured outside theUnited States.

3. Domestic Manufacturers

3.1 For tile lots in excess of 250,000 tiles, sampling shall be in accordance with Table 3 ofTAS 112.

3.2 Tile samples shall be taken from tile inventories over 28 days old such that all tiles have anequal chance of being selected; or

3.3 Tile samples may be randomly selected fromthe manufacturing line and conditioned at thetest lab for 28 days.

3.4 Testing shall be conducted quarterly. All sampling, testing and calculations shall be conducted by an approved testing agency. All testresults, including calculations, shall be signedby a Professional Engineer or Registered Roof

Consultant.

4.0 Import Manufacturers

4.1 For tile lots in excess of 250,000 tiles, sampling shall be in accordance with Table 3 ofTAS 112.

4.2 Tile samples shall be randomly selected fromtile shipments.

4.3 The frequency of testing shall be per 250,000tiles delivered or quarterly, whichever is more

frequent.

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