Test-RightPATHTM 6 Profile Validation

7/27/2019 Test-RightPATHTM 6 Profile Validation

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Right PATH TM 6 Profile Validation

Description

The Right PATH 6 Profile measures six personality factors (Dominance,Extroversion, Compassion, Conscientiousness, Adventurousness, and Innovation).Words from these factors are presented in a forced choice format in which an

individual is asked to choose the word that is most and least like him or her.

Development

The Right PATH 6 Profile is a forced choice variation of the Career Direct Personality Inventory (CDPI). (See attached info on CDPI.) In developing a forced

choice inventory, the relationship of the items being compared in the forced choice set

is very important. Hence, the first step in the development of the Right PATH 6

Profile involved the rating of the social desirability of the item words (personalitytraits) by sixty individuals. Next, the words of each factor were rank ordered

according to the social desirability ratings. Words with the same rank order from eachof the six factors were placed together and then split into three word groups. This was

done in order to minimize the differences in the social desirability of the personality

words. Care was taken to group each factor with the other factors a similar number of

times.

Normative sample

The normative sample consists of 620 adults (310 males and 310 females) over

age twenty-three with a mean age of thirty-eight. This sample was gathered from avariety of sources. Combined gender norms are used with separate gender normsavailable.

Validity

Rating study: The relationship of the Right PATH 6 factors with ratings by others

was investigated. Two hundred (200) individuals completed the Right PATH 6 andhad friends/spouses rank the personality factors in order of most descriptive to least

descriptive of the participant. The average correlation between self ratings and

friend/spouse rankings on a factor was .48.

Friends/spouses were also asked to rate each personality factor and sub-factor on a

continuum. The average correlation between self ratings and friend/spouse ratingswas .39 for factors and .35 for sub-factors. These correlation indicate that the

Right PATH 6 factors are significantly related to perceptions by others of the

participants' personality.

Relationship to other measures of personality: The Right PATH 6 factors were



moderately and significantly correlated with factors of the parent profile, the non-

forced choice CDPI. Both formats (Likert-non-forced choice rating and forced choicerating) were administered to 330 individuals, with the correlation between

corresponding factors ranging from .68 to .81. The average correlation was .73.

Therefore, the Right PATH 6 factors are related to analogous factors on the non-

forced choice CDPI.

Reliability

Test-retest: Right PATH 6 (the Forced Choice CDPI) was re-administered to 620

individuals of the normative sample from two to twenty weeks (average six weeks)

after they had completed it originally. The average correlation of the factors over thisinterval was .86. This indicates that the forced choice factors have adequate reliability

over time.

Right PATH TM 4 Profile Validation

Description

Right PATH 4 Profile measures four behavioral continua. Each factor is made upof 16 personality words or adjectives (enthusiastic, loyal, etc.). Groups of four words

(one from each factor) are presented in a forced choice format. The individual is

asked to rank the words from "4" to "1," with "4" representing the word that is mostlike him or her and "1" representing the word that is least like him or her.

Factor scores are computed by summing the responses to the words for each

factor. These raw factor scores are then converted to standardized scores with a mean

of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

There are 16 personality profiles or combinations of high, balanced, or low scores

on the four traits or factors. These profiles are formed by different cut-off scores onthe four personality factors.

Normative Sample

The normative sample consisted of 571 individuals ranging in age from 15 to 62.

The mean age was 31.34 with a standard deviation of 11.22. The sample was 57 percent male and 43 percent female.

Validity

Overall, the correlation between the factors of the Right PATH 4 Profile and

similar factors of another validated personality inventory the Life Pathways' Career Direct TM Personality Inventory (CDPI) provide evidence of convergent validity. This

was shown in a study in which both the Right PATH 4 and the CDPI were

administered to 571 individuals. The Right PATH 4 factors were correlated with the



factors of the CDPI. The CDPI assesses seven personality factors (Dominance,

Extraversion, Compassion, Conscientiousness, Adventurous, Innovation, and Stress)using a 1 to 5 Likert or continuous scale. Right PATH 4's Factor 1 (Control/Agenda),

Factor 2 (Interaction), Factor 3 (Conflict/Pace) and Factor 4 (Order/Detail)

significantly correlated with the CDPI factors of Dominance, Extraversion,

Compassion and Conscientiousness with correlation coefficients of .59, .64, .46, and .52 respectively. Format differences between the personality inventories (forced

choice vs. Likert scaling) along with differences in factor definitions have likely

lowered the correlation between the factors of these inventories.

MANOVA & Discriminant analysis Statistical analyses were done to demonstratethat the Right PATH 4 profiles describe different sets of personalities. First, a

MANOVA analysis was conducted to determine whether the sixteen blended profiles

were significantly different when compared to the CDPI factors. Significant

differences did exist F(98,3215.47)=9.31, p < .001, Wilks lambda = .21. Next, aDiscriminant Analysis was conducted in order to investigate and explain the

differences among the profiles when compared to the CDPI personality factors.

Results from the Discriminant Analysis provide some evidence that several groups of the Right PATH 4 profiles are distinct from other groups of profiles on relevant CDPI

factors. For instance, the CDPI Extraversion factor separated highly interactive

profiles such as Networker and Encourager from the highly reserved such as CautiousThinker and Detailist, showing that these profiles are statistically different as well as

intuitively different on the Communications factor.

Summary

The validation studies with Viewpoint Profile offer evidence of construct validity

for the personality factors and the blended profiles. Reliability over time is indicated by test, retest correlations for the four factors ranging from .81 to .92.

Career Direct TM Personality Inventory (CDPI) Validation

The CDPI is a personality inventory appropriate for vocational counseling, consistingof six general personality scales with multiple subscales. It is included in this

discussion because it is the parent personality profile to Right PATH 6 Profile, which

came out of it. The difference is that the CDPI is not a forced-choice scoring (Likert),whereas the Right PATH 6 Profile is a forced-choice scoring system. Additional

scales cover Life Stress, Financial Management, and Indebtedness.

This measure of personality is designed to be more specific than the "Big Five" and to

capture the important dimensions of personality relevant for vocational counseling.

Design Both a rational approach and a principal components factor analytic approach were used to develop the scales for the

inventory.



Scale development began with all known traits used to describe

personality.

After defining all trait dimensions, items were written to rationally

measure those dimensions.

Six different samples (N = 4,105) were used in revising and

refining the CDPI.

Standardized scores were derived from an adult sample (N =1,048), which was selected on the basis of self-satisfaction and

relative success in a field in which the person had been for at least

three years.

Youth standardized scores for the CDPI were derived from a groupof young people (N = 572, 23 years of age and younger) who were

primarily college freshmen from 26 colleges and universitiesrepresenting all regions of the country.

Principal components analysis and rational scaling procedureswere used to revise the CDPI. Both item level and dimension level

analyses were used.

Format The inventory consists of 116 adjectives that are self-rated on a

scale: "Not at all like me" to "Very much like me." The Financial

Scales are composed of 14 statements.

General Scales

PERSONALITY FACTORS

1. DOMINANCE

Motivation to be in control of situations and people in the

environment. Subfactors are ASSERTIVE, INDEPENDENT, andBLUNT

2. EXTROVERSION

Social energy and motivation to interact with others. Subfactors areENTHUSIASTIC, SOCIAL, and VERBAL.

3. COMPASSION

The tendency to be caring, understanding, and accepting.Subfactors are SYMPATHETIC, SUPPORTIVE, and



TOLERANT.

4. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

Motivation to be accurate, structured, and thorough. Subfactors are

PRECISE, ORGANIZED, and ACHIEVING.

5. ADVENTUROUSNESS

The tendency to be pioneering and competitive. Subfactors are

DARING, and AMBITIOUS.

6. INNOVATION

The tendency to quickly envision new ideas. Subfactors are

IMAGINATIVE, and CLEVER.

OTHER FACTORS

7. STRESS

The inner tension an individual is feeling at the time of testing. Itwill tend to be more transient or situational than the other factors.

8. INDEBTEDNESS

Reflects an individual's likelihood of having debt management

problems

9. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Reflects the soundness of a person's money management practices.

Validity

Evidence

To provide evidence of construct validity, the instrument was

correlated with Hogan's (1986) Personality Inventory and Costa

and McCrae's (1985) measure of the "Big Five," the NEO-PI.

Extroversion strongly related to the NEO-PI's measure of

extraversion (r = .82, p < .0001) and moderately correlated withHogan's measures of sociability (r = .63, p < .0001) and ambition (r

=.52, p <.0001).

Conscientiousness correlated highly with the NEO-PI's measure of conscientiousness (r = .78, p < .0001) and moderately with the

Hogan's measure of prudence (r = .44, p < .0001).

Compassion moderately correlated with the NEO-PI'sagreeableness (r = .57, p < .0001) and the Hogan's likeability scale



(r = .61, p < .0001).

Adventurousness correlated moderately with the NEO-PI'sextraversion (r = .51, p < .0001) and the Hogan's ambition scale (r

=.55, p <.0001).

Dominance correlated moderately with the NEO-PI's extraversion(r =.33, p <.0001) and conscientiousness (r = .36, p < .0001). It

further correlated moderately with Hogan's ambition scale (r = .54,

p < .0001).

Innovation correlated moderately with the NEO-PI's openness (r

= .47, p < .0001) and with the Hogan's intellectance scale (r = .55,

p < .0001).

Stress strongly correlated with the NEO-PI's measure of neuroticism (r = .81, p < .0001) and the Hogan's adjustment scale(r = .74, p < .0001).

Social Desirability. Additional tests were conducted to determine if

the CDPI scales were susceptible to inflated ratings due to socialdesirability.

The CDPI Extroversion, Conscientiousness, Adventurousness,

Dominance, and Innovation scales had very low correlations withthe Marlowe-Crowne scale of social desirability, (r = .05 to r = .

19). Compassion (r = .30, p < .0001) and Stress (r = -.32, p < .0001) correlated somewhat higher with social desirability.However, these correlations were still acceptable and lower than

the correlations between the NEO-PI scales and the Hogan scales

with social desirability.

Therefore, the CDPI scales were less subject to social desirability

inflation than two of the leading personality inventories.

Financial Management assesses the degree of financial planning,

saving, and investing of money by the individual.

Indebtedness assesses the degree of financial indebtedness andimpulsive buying behaviors of the individual.

Reliability

Evidence

Internal Consistency (Cronbach Alphas) ranged from .76 to .95 for



the general scales.

Test-retest Reliability over a two week period ranged from .82 to .95 for the general scales.

Documents

Test-RightPATHTM 6 Profile Validation