Test Review for Realism and Abstract Art- Week 6

VA II

Review of Northern Renaissance Realism

This painting was created by Hans Holbein who was the courtPainter to King Henry VIII during The Northern RenaissancePeriod in art history He migrated to England where he Eventually lived and workedHis style is Realism, Media is OIL which was aNew medium for the time FrameThe use of thin layers of glazeAllowed for the depiction of Detailed surfaces along with the Bright bold color

The French AmbassaorsDate: 1533

The French Ambassadors

• This painting by Hans Holbein depicts• A knowledge of anatomy, foreshortening, one point

or linear perspective, the use of chiaroscuro ( shading to follow the patterns of light to create form and volume)

• The skull is symbolic of death and hence this painting is also called a vanitas painting

• The worldly knowledge is depicted with the various discipline of art, science, math and literacy in the still life arrangement.

The French Ambassadors

• The symbolic positioning of these two men in the Holbein painting represents the worlds of the church and the worlds of the state and the importance of governing with both entities.

• The emphasis on status and position is made clear by the ornamental clothing as well as the lavish material goods in the background.

The Annunciation by Da VinciItalian Renaissance/ Style Realism/

Medium of Fresco /Wet Plaster on walls

This depiction of the Annunciation by Da Vinci in 1472 shows the knowedgePosessed by the Italian master, The knowledge anatomy, foreshortening,Linear perspective, aerial perspective and volume and form obtained byShading of light ( chiaroscuro) was amazing for this time frame. The subject matter ( religion/ The Annunciation foretells of the coming of Christ by the Angel Gabrielle to the Virgin Mary, color is still used symbolically here with Mary’s blue Robe .

Clothes Pin /Abstraction

With imagination you can turn any object into something it isn’t: Realism Abstraction

Drawn from observation Based on known object Proportion correct Proportion may be Distorted Attention to detail, lifelike Simplified Geometric Form Focus on recreating Focus on interpreting reality reality Knowledge of anatomy, perspective, life drawing Application of elements and principles of design /attention to the structure of art

The Annuciation /Northern Renaissance/by Robert Campin/1425

This painting was a private commission requested by the patronsShown to the left of the center panel. Note that the patrons are outsideIn the secular world and do not enter the center room whereA HOLY EVENT is taking place.

Detail of the Merode Alterpiece

IN the Merode Alterpiece one can see the Emphasis on photo realism, with the attention to DetailThe artist does not yet fully comprehend how To convey linear perspective as the table and the Bench appear to be tipping forwards.

There is a great deal of symbolism in this paintingWith the lily representing purity, the clean room Representing the idea that Cleanliness is nextTo Godliness. Mary is shown as a virtuous and Respected woman with her Bible on the table

Joseph is busy making a mousetrap to symbolize How to trap the devil or evil.

Joseph StellaBrooklyn Bridge

1918-1920Oil on canvas

Futurism

Joseph Stella came to America around 1905, but returned to his homeland of Italy when Futurism was starting to become popular

Futurism is abstract art that emphasizes the lines of force or energy of each object

This painting creates a harmony of overlapping and interlocking space, light, form, and color

Questions to ask

• What is the subject matter?

• How does the Brooklyn Bridge reflect the time frame in which it was painted?

• What are three main elements?• List three main principles?• What architectural form inspired the design of

the painting by Stella ?

Gothic Cathedral /Notre Dame Paris

Gothic Cathedral Stained Glass

Compare and Contrast

• Interior vaulting of a Gothic Cathedral

Details of a Stained Glass Window

Compare and Contrast

• The Gothic Cathedrals of the 11th and 12 Century in Europe are still regarded as architectural wonders for the engineering feats that were accomplished

• The Brooklyn Bridge by Stella is also acknowledging a major architectural feet with the new medium of a steel suspension bridge , a new wonder in the early 1900’s in NYC

Brooklyn Bridge by Day

Brooklyn Bridge by Night

Abstraction/Cubism in Art History

• Cubism is another form of abstraction• Founded by Picasso and Braque in 1907• The source of inspiration for Picasso in his work

The Women of Avignon was African Art • Specifically African Masks• Emphasis was on creating simple geometric

planes and multiple view points of the subject• Picasso has a reference to the classical nude and

the classical still life in this painting

Examples of Classical Nude

This classical marble sculptureWas created in the late 1800’s byThe sculptor Canova

It shows the influence the classcial Greek Art with the idealizedProportions and emphasis on Clean pure surfaces

Classical Still Life

In this classical still life of the 18th century the artists Intention is REALISM with Attention to copying the Colors, proportion and Likeness of the subject

Still Life / Style of Realism

In this still life by Van GoghYou can see the style is Grounded in Realism However the artist Is beginning to simplifyThe forms and the details With rough brush strokes of PaintinLate 1880’s

Still Life/Abstraction

• Cezanne was interested in creating planes of space and fragmenting the surface of the canvas

• Picasso was influenced by the work of Cezanne

Intro to: Cubism/ Art History Movement

Began in 1907 by Pablo Picasso

He used the ideas and ways of building up the surface with small squarish brushstrokes

Primarily concerned with the overall surface design and not with the emotions or feelings

African Masks/Source of Inspiration for Picasso

Pablo Picasso

This piece is considered the beginning of Cubism

The relationships between the shapes and colors soon became more important than the figures

Pablo Picasso Les Demoiselles d’Avigon1907Oil on CanvasCubism

Pablo PicassoThree

Musicians1921

Oil on canvasCubism

After World War I

The colors, shapes and texture work together to create the harmony of this piece

Pablo PicassoGuernica

1937Oil on canvas

Cubism

The flat figures symbolize, or express, the extremes of suffering that he would not have been able to express in realism

The bull is a Spanish symbol of human irrationality

The broken sword symbolizes the absolute defeat of the people; however, the flower growing out of the handle represents hope

Pablo Picasso Continued

Georges BraqueGeorges BraqueStill Life: The Table1928Oil on canvas Cubism

Assisted Picasso on developing cubism

Simultaneity: the teaching of depicting objects from separate vantage points in one work of art

Later lead to collage which is the adding of real objects to the canvas of a work

Marcel DuchampMarcel Duchamp

Nude Descending a Staircase1912

Oil on canvasCubism

This piece features the movement of a figure as it descended the stairs

An entire series of movements, stopped in successive stages of action

People of the time did not understand the concept and therefore it was not appreciated in that time period

Umberto BoccioniUmberto BoccioniUnique Forms of Continuity in Space1913BronzeFuturism

Futurism: A style of painting and sculpture that emerged in Italy, early 20th century. Emphasized the machine-like quality of “modern” living

A charging male figure caught in several aspects of walking at the same time