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Test Review AnswersTest Review Answers
Question 11a)Heterogeneous (“different kinds”)
A mechanical mixture.
2 or more substances can be seen or felt.
Homogeneous (“same kind”)
A solution
Particles of 2 or more pure substances mix completely
Feel and look like one substance
Properties of sample always the same
Colloids
b) A mixture in which extremely small particles are evenly distributed and are hard to see with the unaided eye.
Example: whipped cream, fogSuspensions
a mixture where the particles, if left alone, gravity will help separate.
Example: Italian salad dressing
• Ketchup
Classification of Matter
Mixture – Two or more pure substances mixed together. A special type of mixture is an alloy. See below. Example: Copper and
Zinc can be mixed together to produce brass.
Even though it may look different, it is still copper and zinc. Each metal retains its own properties like melting point.
Pure SubstancesPure substances can also be divided into 2
categories: compounds and elements.
Compound – Two or more elements chemically bonded together.
Examples:Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Water (H2O)Salt (NaCl) Sucrose (C12H22O11)
Elements – Substances made up of only one type of atom. - Cannot be separated by any physical OR chemical process.Examples:Carbon, Helium,Gold
Mechanical Mixture a substance made of more than one
kind of particle in which the particles are not uniformly scattered. (heterogeneous) example: pizza
SolutionsA homogeneous mixture of 2 or more
pure substances.
Ex. Kool-Aid
Weight is the measure of gravitational pull on matter, measured in Newtons. Weight can vary depending on where you are.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object measured in grams using a balance scale.
A physical property describes the qualities of matter that will not change its composition.Examples:color,malleability,ductile, shape
A chemical property describes the qualities of matter that will change its composition.Examples: combustibility, flammability, corrosive.
Question 3
a) physical
b) physical
c) chemical
d) chemical
Question 4
Three indicators of a chemical change are:
1. Gas is produced (bubbles, fizz)
2. Color change (cooking)
3. Burning, fire, explosives
4. Rust
Question 5
a) chemical
b) physical
c) physical
d) chemical
e) physical
f) chemical
Question 6a) Mechanical Mixture
b) element (on periodic table)
c) Suspension (need to shake)
d) solution
e) colloid (white, cloudy)
f) mechanical mixture
g) element
h) colloid
I) alloy (solution of metals)
j) mecanical mixture
j) element
k) suspension (settle over time)
The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory1. All matter is composed of
tiny particles. Size and shape vary. All particles of pure substance
are exactly the same size.
2. All particles of one substance are the same Salt particles are different from
pepper particles
The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory3. There are spaces between
particles.4. Particles are always moving –
the more energy they have, the faster they move.
temp the faster the particles move
5. There are forces of attraction between particles.
The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory
Matter has particles Moving particles
Attraction between particles
Same particles throughout
Spaces between particles
M2ASS
Energy is transferred between particles by moving particles hitting each other and either speeding up or slowing down.
MatterMatter
Solid Particles are close together and
locked together into a pattern.Attractive forces are very strong.Particles move, but only vibrate
in one place.
MatterMatter
LiquidParticles are slightly farther apartAttractive forces are weakerParticles are able to slide past
one another
MatterMatter
GasParticles are far apart.Attractive forces are weakest.Particles are able to move in any
direction.
Classification of MatterClassification of Matter
matter
mixtures pure substances
mechanical mixture(heterogeneous)
solutions(homogeneous)
Matter can exist in 4 states:
Any substance or material that has mass and occupies space.
solid, liquid, gas and plasma
Law of Conservation of Matter
No matter can be created or destroyed. In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants will always equal the mass of the products. As well, the individual atoms will not be lost. If we start with 4 atoms of Carbon, we will end with 4 atoms of Carbon, however in different forms of matter.
Example: water + baking soda