Upload
neal-daniels
View
213
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Terrestrial Biomes
Overview
biome
large geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems (the types of organisms that live there)
climate
includes the average yearly temperature and amount of rainfall an area receives
coniferous
trees with cones and thin, needle-shaped leaves; evergreen trees such as pine, fir, and spruce
deciduous
trees that have flat leaves that change color and fall off before winter
Tropical Rain Forest
Tropical Rainforest
canopy
tropical rain forest
• Located around or near the equator.• Land covered by tall trees and lush plant
growth.• Warm/hot temperatures year round 68-93oF• high amounts of rain 50-260”• Ferns, orchids, and tall (canopy) trees• Parrots, snakes, frogs, monkeys, lizards
• Thousands of species of trees and other plants.
• Thousands of species of animals: monkeys, frogs, birds, insects, etc.
• A lot of rain and an astonishing variety of organisms.
• Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen
Tropical Grasslands
Savanna
tropical grassland or savanna
• a grassland biome near the equator• Warm temperatures (~70o F)• Wet and dry seasons• Dry 4” of rain, wet 15-25” of rain• Grasses, shrubs, and a few trees• Animals like zebras, giraffes, wildebeest,
gazelles, lions, leopards, elephants• Where the zoo animals live. (Lion King)
Desert
deserts
• Land covered by rocks or sand. Poor soil.• Extreme temperature changes between day
and night. 77-120oF• Very little rain--receives less than 10 in. (25
cm) of rain each year• Some have cold winters, some have cold
nighttime temperatures, but they have high daytime temperatures
deserts
• A few plants that are able to store water such as the saguaro cactus and creosote bushes.
• Animals mainly come out at night• Snakes, other reptiles, rodents• Owls, hawks, roadrunners• Very few large animals.• Barren, windblown sand dunes (hot deserts).
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Temperate Deciduous Forest
• Land covered by deciduous trees.• Moderate temperatures (average 50oF)• Abundant rainfall throughout the year.
(average 30-60 in.)• Four distinct seasons.
temperate deciduous forest
• Mostly deciduous trees such as beech, oak, maple, elm, hickory and some coniferous trees.
• Animals include earthworms, birds, white-tailed deer, foxes, squirrels, raccoons, etc.
• Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves)• Georgia is located in this biome.
Temperate Grasslands
buffalo
temperate grassland
• Covered with grasses, but basically no trees.• Found at the same latitude as temperate
deciduous forests.• Not enough rain to support many trees.• Ave. temp 56oF; ave. rainfall 10-30 in.• Grasses such as wheat. Scattered trees.• Also called pampas, steppe or veldt.
temperate grassland
• Mostly grazing animals like antelope, prairie dogs, coyotes, bison/buffalo, skunks, badgers, and songbirds.
• Called the “Bread baskets of the world” because of the crops grown there. (cereals—wheat, barley, corn)
• Great Plains in the US/prairie
Taiga (boreal forest)
Taiga
taiga (ty-guh)
• Land covered by coniferous trees.• Long, cold winters with little precipitation, but
warmer and wetter summers.• Ave. temp. -14-60oF; ave. rainfall 12 in.• Plants include coniferous trees such as pine,
fir, and spruce
taiga (ty-guh)
• Deer, elk, caribou, wolves, moose, black bears, shrews, other rodents, and migratory birds
• Some animals migrate to warmer climates in the winter; some hibernate
• A cold forest of evergreen trees
Tundra
Tundra
tundra
• Land covered with ice for most of the year• made up of soil called permafrost—a layer of
permanently frozen soil• a cold biome that does not support trees • Extremely cold and dry.• Ave. temp -30-45oF; ave. rainfall 8 in. (a cold
desert)
tundra• Low grasses and lichens. No/few trees.• Fewer species than other biomes.• caribou, arctic foxes, snowshoe hares, owls, voles
(rodents)• Amphibians and reptiles are rare (they are cold
blooded and cannot maintain a constant body temperature).
• A cold, treeless plain; Arctic regions• The largest biome—covers about 20% of Earth’s
land.
temperate deciduous forest
• Moderate rainfall
• Moderate temperatures
• Trees that lose their leaves
tropical rain forest
• High levels of rainfall
• High temperatures
• Many species of plants and animals
desert
• Low levels of rainfall
• High temperatures during the day• Low temperatures at night
• Few large animals
tundra
• Low to moderate rain fall
• Lower temperatures year round
• Few trees
temperate grasslands/prairie
• Moderate rainfall
• Moderate temperatures
• Few trees
taiga
• Low to moderate rain fall
• Low temperatures for most of the year• (long winters)
• Many coniferous trees
tropical grasslands/savanna
• High levels of rainfall at times (wet season)• Low levels of rainfall at times (dry season)
• Moderate to high temperatures
• Few trees