TENNISBALL CRICKET ASSOCIATIONMember Communications

Laws of Tennisball

Cricket

Volume

4

Last updated: 4/29/2009 18:47:19 a4/p4

2

M E M B E R C O M M U N I C A T I O N S

Laws of Tennisball Cricket

2000-2009 Tennisball Cricket Association525 Osprey Dr. • Redwood City, CA – USA

info@tennisballcricket.org

Copyright 2003-2009 by Tennisball Cricket Association. All rights reserved.ICC 2000 Code 2nd Edition – 2003 is Copyright of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without prior written permission of the copyright holder.

The information contained herein and on the website and on other communiqués of TCA, including but not limited to member e-mails, e-mail aliases mentioned in this document are properties of TCA. Unauthorized use of this property or disclosure of any information without prior written approval of the TCA constitutes a criminal offense. TCA reserve the right to make changes to this document without notice and without incurring any liability. The information is provided in this document “as is” and is subject to change without notice.

Table of Contents

Law 1: The Umpires 11

a.Appointment of umpires ................................................................................................................ 11 b.Change of umpire ...................................................................................................................... 11 c.Agreement with captains ............................................................................................................... 12 h.To inform captains and scorers ......................................................................................................... 12 k.The wicket, crease and the boundaries ................................................................................................ 13 o.Conduct of the game, implements and equipment ................................................................................. 13 t.Fair and unfair play ...................................................................................................................... 13 w.Exceptional circumstances or suspension of play .................................................................................... 13 dd.Position of the umpires..............................................................................................................................................................15

ee.Umpires changing ends ............................................................................................................... 15 hh.Consultation between umpires ....................................................................................................... 15 ii.Signals .................................................................................................................................... 15 mm.Correctness of scores ................................................................................................................ 16 nn.Failure to show or late ................................................................................................................. 17 Law 2: Players 18

a.Number of players ....................................................................................................................... 18 b.Nomination of players ................................................................................................................... 18 c.Captain .................................................................................................................................. 18 d.Responsibilities of a captain ............................................................................................................ 19 Law 3: Substitutes and runners; batsman or fielder leaving the field; batsman retiring; batsman commencing innings ................... 20

a.Substitutes and runners ................................................................................................................. 20 e.Objection to the substitutes ............................................................................................................ 21 f.Restrictions on the role of substitutes .................................................................................................... 21 g.A player for whom a substitute has acted ............................................................................................. 21 h.Fielder absent or leaving the field ...................................................................................................... 21 m.Player returning without permission .................................................................................................... 22 q.Runner ................................................................................................................................... 22 r.Transgression of Laws by batsman who has a runner .................................................................................. 22 x.Batsman leaving the field or retiring .................................................................................................... 23 bb.Commencement of batsman’s innings .............................................................................................. 23

Law 4: Ground and Equipment – Ball, Bat, Wickets and Other Equipment; Pitch, ground and related measurements and

conditions. 24

a.The ball ................................................................................................................................... 24 b.The bat ................................................................................................................................... 24 c.The wickets .............................................................................................................................. 25 g.Protective equipment ................................................................................................................... 26 h.The pitch ................................................................................................................................. 26 m.Boundary ................................................................................................................................ 28 Law 5: Innings and Match 29

a.Number of innings ....................................................................................................................... 29 d.Start of an innings ....................................................................................................................... 29 e.Completed innings ...................................................................................................................... 29 f.Late start of innings ...................................................................................................................... 30 g.The toss ................................................................................................................................... 30 h.Decision to be notified .................................................................................................................. 30 i.Delayed and interrupted matches ...................................................................................................... 30 j.Declaration and forfeiture of innings .................................................................................................... 31 k.Lost ball ................................................................................................................................... 31 p.Walkover.................................................................................................................................................................................................................32

t.Intervals or time.......................................................................................................................................................................................................32

y.Call of play..............................................................................................................................................................................................................32

z.Call of time..............................................................................................................................................................................................................32

aa.Starting an over ........................................................................................................................ 32 bb.Completion of an over ................................................................................................................ 33 ee.Conclusion of the match .............................................................................................................. 33 jj.Scorers .................................................................................................................................... 34 nn.A win .................................................................................................................................... 34 oo.A tie ..................................................................................................................................... 34 pp.Umpires awarding the match ......................................................................................................... 34 tt.Winning hits or extras .................................................................................................................... 35 xx.Statement of results ..................................................................................................................... 35 yy.Correctness of results ................................................................................................................... 35 zz.Results not to be changed ............................................................................................................. 36 Law 6: Scoring runs 36

a.A run ..................................................................................................................................... 36 f.Runs disallowed .......................................................................................................................... 36 g.Short runs ................................................................................................................................. 36 j.Unintentional short run ................................................................................................................... 37 o.Deliberate short run ..................................................................................................................... 37 r.Runs scored for penalties ................................................................................................................ 38

s.Runs scored for boundaries ............................................................................................................. 38 t.Runs scored for lost ball .................................................................................................................. 38 u.Batsman dismissed ...................................................................................................................... 38 y.Runs scored when a batsman is dismissed.......................................................................................................................................................38

cc.Runs scored when the ball becomes dead .......................................................................................... 39 ff.Batsman returning to wicket he has left ............................................................................................... 39 ii.Declared runs ............................................................................................................................ 39 Law 7: The over 41

a.Number of balls .......................................................................................................................... 41 b.Start of an over .......................................................................................................................... 41 c.Call of an over ........................................................................................................................... 41 d.Balls not to count in the over ........................................................................................................... 41 Law 8: Appeals 43

a.Umpire not to give batsman out without appeal ..................................................................................... 43 b.Batsman dismissed ...................................................................................................................... 43 e.Timing of appeals ....................................................................................................................... 43 f.Appeal “How’s that” .................................................................................................................... 43 g.Answering appeals ...................................................................................................................... 43 h.Consultation by umpires ................................................................................................................ 44 i.Batsman leaving the wicket under misapprehension .................................................................................. 44 j.Withdrawal of an appeal ................................................................................................................ 44 k.Umpires decision ......................................................................................................................... 44 l.Excessive appeals by fielding side.......................................................................................................................................................................44

m.Appeals by batting side or the batsman for no ball or the wide ball........................................................................................................44

n.Affecting judgment of umpires...........................................................................................................................................................................44

Law 9: No-Ball 46

a.Mode of delivery ........................................................................................................................ 46 d.Fair delivery – the arm ................................................................................................................... 46 h.Definition of delivery – the arm ......................................................................................................... 47 i.Bowler throwing towards strikers end before delivery .................................................................................. 47 j.Fair delivery – the feet .................................................................................................................... 47 m.Ball bouncing more than twice or rolling along the ground ......................................................................... 48 p.Ball coming to rest in front of the strikers wicket ....................................................................................... 48 q.Call of No ball for infringement of other laws .......................................................................................... 48 x.Revoking a call of No ball ............................................................................................................... 48 y.No ball to override wide ball...............................................................................................................................................................................48

z.Ball not dead..........................................................................................................................................................................................................48

aa.Penalty for a No ball ................................................................................................................... 49 bb.Runs resulting from a No ball – how to score ......................................................................................... 49 cc.No ball not to count ................................................................................................................... 49

dd.Out from a No ball ..................................................................................................................... 49 Law 10: Wide-Ball 49

a.Judging a wide ball ..................................................................................................................... 49 e.Delivery is not a wide .................................................................................................................... 50 f.Call and signal of the wide ball ......................................................................................................... 50 j.Ball not dead ............................................................................................................................. 51 k.Penalty for a wide ....................................................................................................................... 51 l.Runs resulting from a wide – how scored ............................................................................................... 51 m.Wide not to count ...................................................................................................................... 51 n.Out from wide ........................................................................................................................... 51 Law 11: Bye and Leg bye 52

a.Byes ...................................................................................................................................... 52 b.Leg byes ................................................................................................................................. 52 Law 12: Dead ball 53

a.Ball is dead .............................................................................................................................. 53 d.Ball finally settled ........................................................................................................................ 54 e.Umpire calling and signaling dead ball ................................................................................................ 54 i.Ball ceases to be dead .................................................................................................................. 54 j.Action on call of dead ball .............................................................................................................. 55 m.Dead ball called for LBW and leg bye ................................................................................................ 55 Law 13: Wicket is down 56

a.Wicket put down (Regular and Spring Stumps) ....................................................................................... 56 b.One bail off .............................................................................................................................. 56 c.Remaking the wicket .................................................................................................................... 56 g.Dispensing with the bails ................................................................................................................ 57 Law 14: Batsman out of his ground 58

a.When out of his ground ................................................................................................................. 58 b.Which is batsman’s ground ............................................................................................................. 58 h.Position of the non-striker ................................................................................................................ 58 Law 15: How out 59

a.Bowled ................................................................................................................................... 59 d.Timed out ................................................................................................................................ 59 g.Caught ................................................................................................................................... 60 l.Handled the ball ......................................................................................................................... 62 q.Obstructing the field .................................................................................................................... 62 x.Stumped .................................................................................................................................. 63 bb.Run out........................................................................................................................................................................................................64

hh.Hit wicket .................................................................................................................................................................................................66

kk.Hit the ball twice...............................................................................................................................................................................67

pp.Leg before wicket ..................................................................................................................... 69

Law 16: The Wicket-keeper 70

a.Protective equipment ................................................................................................................... 70 b.Gloves .................................................................................................................................... 70 e.Position of the wicket-keeper ........................................................................................................... 70 h.Movement by the keeper .............................................................................................................. 71 i.Restrictions on action of wicket-keeper ................................................................................................. 71 j.Interference with wicket-keeper by the striker ......................................................................................... 71 Law 17: The fielder 72

a.Protective equipment ................................................................................................................... 72 b.Fielding the ball ......................................................................................................................... 72 c.Protective helmets belonging to the fielding side ..................................................................................... 72 d.Penalty runs not to be awarded ....................................................................................................... 73 e.Restrictions on placement of fielders ................................................................................................... 73 f.Fielders not to encroach on the pitch .................................................................................................. 73 g.Movement by fielders ................................................................................................................... 73 h.Definition of significant movement ..................................................................................................... 74 Law 18: Fair and unfair play 75

a.Fair and unfair play – responsibilities of the captain .................................................................................. 75 b.Fair and unfair play – responsibilities of the umpires ................................................................................... 75 c.Deliberate attempt to distract the umpire ............................................................................................. 75 f.Deliberate distraction or obstruction of the batsman ................................................................................. 76 g.Dangerous and unfair bowling ......................................................................................................... 77 j.Dangerous and unfair bowling – action by the umpire ................................................................................ 78 m.Deliberate bowling of high full pitched balls .......................................................................................... 79 n.Time wasting by fielding side ........................................................................................................... 80 o.Batsman wasting time ................................................................................................................... 80 p.Damaging the pitch – area to be protected..................................................................................................................................................81

s.Bowler running on the pitch.................................................................................................................................................................................81

w.Fielder damaging the pitch................................................................................................................................................................................82

z.Batsman damaging the pitch.............................................................................................................................................................................83

dd.Bowler attempting to run out non-striker before delivery ........................................................................... 83 ee.Batsman stealing a run ................................................................................................................ 84 ff.Penalty runs .............................................................................................................................. 84 gg.Players conduct ....................................................................................................................... 85 Appendix A 75

Preface

Even when laws have been written down, they ought not always to remain unaltered Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC)T

he game of Tennisball Cricket has been played across the world with virtually no set of rules and regulations or by bending and adapting those that are set in ICC Code of Laws for Cricket. Although most of the laws in the Code are directly and practically applicable to Tennisball Cricket, not all withstand the test of time.

“The basic Laws of Cricket have stood remarkably well the test of well over 250 years of playing the game. It is thought the real reason for this is that cricketers have traditionally been prepared to play in the Spirit of the Game as well as in accordance with the Laws.” ICC Code of Laws for Cricket 2000.

Teams have always played with general understanding of Cricket Laws. Though this general understanding is good most of the time, it is venerable to misinterpretations, depending on how various individuals have read or exercised the law in their experience.

From 19961998 a group of local teams in San Francisco Bay Area tried to define rules governing Tennisball Cricket. Soon thereafter the formation of Bay Area Tennisball Cricket Association and its subsequent conversion to Tennisball Cricket Association prompted a revision to these rules:

1996 Spangler’s then known as Central Park Cricketers organized first ever Tennisball Cricket Tournament in Silicon Valley with 6 teams participating with an effort to define general norms for play.

1998-1999 99ers organize 8 team tournaments and spell out the first general rules for Tennisball Cricket derived by combining ICC Code of Laws for Cricket and general practice in Tennisball Cricket circles. For example, the rule of No-LBW and No-Leg Bye is adopted.

2000 Bay Area Tennisball Cricket Association (BATS) is formed by 99ers, Panthers and Acers and organizes first official Tennisball Cricket Tournament called BATS-Open 2000 and publishes a revised set of rules.

2001 BASLog, Centurions and Spangler’s join as organizing members of BATS. BASLog organizes a Knockout tournament in March 2001 to organize relief funds for Gujarat earthquake of 2001. This tournament is adapted by BATS as Winter Knockout. There is addition of new set of rules specific to Knockout tournament.

2002 BATS finally evolves into Tennisball Cricket Association a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Team affiliations for the organizers are removed. Official Board of Directors is

formed with a plan to draw committees to handle various tasks within TCA. In Late 2002 By-Laws for the association are approved and ratified by Board of Directors.

2004 TCA publishes a revision of rules after two years, few new laws are added. Committees are drawn from the members and go into effect immediately Tournament Committee, Umpiring and Appeals Committee and the League Committee.

2006 – TCA conducted its 2nd election where 12 new Board of Directors were elected.

2008 – TCA started its new chapter in San Ramon, CA. New executive members were elected in Bay Area Chapter and San Ramon Chapter.

Laws of Tennisball Cricket are divided into categories. These categories have been assigned to the Laws based on their implications during the game.

Srinivas Haridas Ajay SinghPresident Former PresidentTennisball Cricket Association Tennisball Cricket Association1st January 2006 1st January 2004

Srinivas Haridas Sridhar VeroseChapter President Chapter PresidentTCA-Bay Area TCA-San Ramon1st January 2006 1st January 2009

Preamble, The Spirit of Cricket

Tennisball Cricket Association has decided to adopt the ICC preamble of the Code of Laws for Cricket. The Preamble and other ICC laws are Worldwide Copyright of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) which is the sole authority for drawing up the Code and for all subsequent amendments.

Cricket is a game that owes much of its unique appeal to the fact that it should be played not only within its Laws but also within the Spirit of the Game. Any action which is seen to abuse this spirit causes injury to the game itself. The major responsibility for ensuring the spirit of fair play rests with the captains.

1. There are two Laws which place the responsibility for the team's conduct firmly on the captain.

Responsibility of captains

The captains are responsible at all times for ensuring that play is conducted within the Spirit of the Game as well as within the Laws.

Player's conduct

In the event of a player failing to comply with instructions by an umpire, or criticizing by word or action the decisions of an umpire, or showing dissent, or generally behaving in a manner which might bring the game into disrepute, the umpire concerned shall in the first place report the matter to the other umpire and to the player's captain, and instruct the latter to take action.

2. Fair and unfair play

According to the Laws the umpires are the sole judges of fair and unfair play.

The umpires may intervene at any time and it is the responsibility of the captain to take action where required.

3. The umpires are authorized to intervene in cases of:

1. Time wasting

2. Damaging the pitch

3. Dangerous or unfair bowling

4. Tampering with the ball

5. Any other action that they consider to be unfair

4. The Spirit of the Game involves RESPECT for:

1. Your opponents

2. Your own captain and team

3. The role of the umpires

4. The game's traditional values

5. It is against the Spirit of the Game:

1. To dispute an umpire's decision by word, action or gesture

2. To direct abusive language towards an opponent or umpire

3. To indulge in cheating or any sharp practice, for instance:

a) to appeal knowing that the batsman is not out

b) to advance towards an umpire in an aggressive manner when appealing

c) to seek to distract an opponent either verbally or by harassment with persistent clapping or unnecessary noise under the guise of enthusiasm and motivation of one's own side

6. Violence

There is no place for any act of violence on the field of play.

7. Players

Captains and umpires together set the tone for the conduct of a cricket match. Every player is expected to make an important contribution to this.

The players, umpires and scorers in a game of cricket may be of either gender and the Laws apply equally to both. The use, throughout the text, of pronouns indicating the male gender is purely for brevity. Except where specifically stated otherwise, every provision of the Laws is to be read as applying to women and girls equally as to men and boys.

10

Officials

“They expect an umpire to be perfect on opening day and to improve as theseason goes on.” – Anonymous

Law 1: The Umpires a. Appointment of umpiresThe umpires shall be appointed before the match, one at each end, to conduct and control the game as required by the Laws, with absolute impartiality. The umpires shall be present on the ground at least 30 minutes before the commencement of the play.

ICC Law 3(1) requires the umpires to be in attendance at least 45 minutes before the start of play. ODI rules make addendum to these laws.

a. Tennisball Cricket Association shall appoint panel of umpires when possible to officiate matches.

b. Each Full Member of the Association shall nominate at least three umpires who shall be available to the Association for officiating matches when requested.

c. Neither team will have any objection to an umpire’s appointment in case of matches organized by Tennisball Cricket Association.

d. The umpires shall be present on the ground at least 30 minutes before the start of the match.

b. Change of umpireThe umpires shall not change during the play, except in exceptional circumstances. If the change is made the replacement shall…

a. Act only as leg umpire (striker’s end umpire), if umpire is affiliated to one of the two playing teams.

Law

1

b. Act in full responsibility, if the umpire is not affiliated to any one of the two playing teams. The affiliation of the replacement umpire shall be ascertained by the Umpiring and Appeals Committee upon request from Captains or the remaining umpire.

c. In Tennisball Cricket Association organized matches an umpire shall not be changed during the match, other than in exceptional circumstances, unless he is injured or ill.

The ICC law 3(2) also mandates that the replacement act only at strikers end umpire. However, it does not distinguish between umpire’s affiliations to playing teams.

c. Agreement with captains

Before the toss the umpires shall…

d. Ascertain the balls to be used for the match, including verifying the quality, weight and size of balls. Playing sides shall present to the umpires the balls they intend to use for the game and umpire upon visual inspection, along with captains shall approve their use.

ICC laws 3(3)(a)(i) and 5 govern the ball specification and usage during the play. However, unlike tennis balls for cricket, Cricket balls (leather balls) have nearly consistent specifications.

e. Determine, ascertain and explain the boundary of play, including the application of declared runs due to obstacles on the field.

i. Rule c above is overridden during Official TCA games which are conducted with specific set of field rules that cannot be modified by agreement between captains of playing team.

f. Any special conditions of play affecting the conduct of the match.

g. Inform the scorers of these agreements.

ICC law 3 mandates that umpires explain the rules and regulations of the field to the captains of playing sides.

h. To inform captains and scorersBefore the toss and start of match the umpires shall agree between themselves and inform both captains and both scorers…

i. whether or not any obstacle within the field of play is to be regarded as a boundary.

12

j. whether declared runs apply in certain portions of the field and the number of such runs declared.

ICC laws 3(4)(b) govern the standard time equipment to be used. The same law governs the equipment in Tennisball Cricket, albeit with different norms.

k. The wicket, crease and the boundaries

Before the toss and during the match the umpires shall satisfy themselves that…

l. the wickets are properly pitched

m. the creases are correctly marked

n. the boundary of the field of play complies with requirement specified by TCA.

o. Conduct of the game, implements and equipmentBefore the toss and during the match the umpires shall satisfy themselves that…

p. the conduct of the game is strictly in accordance with the laws.

q. the implements of the game – the ball, the size of stumps and the bails (if applicable) adhere to the standard cricket requirement defined by ICC Code in Law 8.2 (size of stumps) and 8.3 (bails).

r. no player uses equipment other than that permitted.

s. wicket-keeper gloves comply with requirements

ICC law 5 governs the standard of the ball. TCA delegates this responsibility to captains of playing side to agree on the balls to be used for the match, except where explicitly communicated.

t. Fair and unfair playThe umpires shall be the sole judges of fair and unfair play on the field.

u. umpires shall impose penalties on any player who does not comply with standards of the game.

v. umpires shall report such occurrences to the responsible committee within TCA.

w. Exceptional circumstances or suspension of playThe umpires shall have the sole discretion to implement procedures in regards to the following…

13

x. if at any time umpires agree that the condition of the ground, weather or light is not suitable for play, they shall inform both captains and unless,

i. in such conditions both captains agree to continue or to commence or to restart play, or

ii. in unsuitable light the batting side wishes to continue or to restart play.

they shall suspend play or not allow play to commence or restart.

y. If at any time the umpires together agree that the conditions of ground, weather or light are so bad that there is obvious and foreseeable risk to the safety of any player or umpire, so that it would be unreasonable or dangerous for play to take place, then, they shall immediately suspend play, or not allow play to commence or to restart. The decision as to whether conditions are so bad as to warrant such action is one for the umpires alone to make.

The fact that the grass and the ball are wet and slippery does not warrant the ground conditions being regarded as unreasonable or dangerous. If the umpires consider the ground is so wet or slippery as to deprive the bowler of a reasonable foothold, the fielders of the power of free movement, or the batsmen of the ability to play their strokes or to run between the wickets, then these conditions shall be regarded as so bad that it would be unreasonable for play to take place.

z. the captain of the batting side may appeal to the umpires at the end of an over against the light. The umpires shall uphold the appeal only if in their opinion the condition of the light has deteriorated.

aa. when there is a suspension of play it is the responsibility of the umpires to monitor the conditions. They shall make inspections as often as appropriate, unaccompanied by any of the players or officials. As soon as the umpires together agree that conditions are suitable for play they shall call upon the players to resume the game

bb. in case of TCA organized events if umpires decide not to continue the game, after it has been suspended, the decision must be immediately communicated to the responsible TCA committee.

cc. The umpires shall have the discretion to implement the procedures above for reasons other than ground, weather or light if they consider that exceptional circumstances warrant it.

14

The provisions have been combined from ICC law 3(9) and 3(10). ICC does have specification for provision (e).

dd. Position of the umpiresThe umpires shall stand where they can best see any act upon which their decision may be required.

Subject to this over-riding consideration the umpire at the bowler's end shall stand where he does not interfere with either the bowler's run up or the striker's view.

The umpire at the striker's end may elect to stand on the off side instead of the on side of the pitch, provided he informs the captain of the fielding side, the striker and the other umpire of his intention to do so.

ee. Umpires changing endsThe umpires shall change ends once after every two overs.

ff. In case of non-availability of one umpire the second must assume responsibility of the leg-umpire. No rotation is permitted in this case.

gg. In case of non-availability of both umpires captains of both teams must inform the appropriate authority to make necessary adjustments.

hh. Consultation between umpiresAll disputes shall be determined by the umpires. The umpires shall consult with each other whenever necessary.

ii. SignalsThe following code of signals shall be used by the umpires

jj. when the ball is in play

i. Dead ball – by crossing and re-crossing the wrists below the waist.

ii. No ball – by extending one arm horizontally parallel to the shoulder height.

iii. Out – by raising an index finger above the head.

iv. Wide ball – by extending both arms horizontally parallel to the shoulder height.

kk. When the ball is dead, the signals above, with the exception of the signal for Out, shall be repeated to the scorers. The signals listed below shall be made to the scorers only when the ball is dead.

15

i. Boundary 4 – by waving an arm from side to side finishing with the arm across the chest.

ii. Boundary 6 – by raising both arms above the head.

iii. Bye – by raising an open hand above the head.

iv. Five penalty runs awarded to the batting side – by repeated tapping of one shoulder with the opposite hand.

v. Five penalty runs awarded to the bowling side – by placing one hand on the opposite shoulder.

vi. Leg bye – by touching a raised knee with the hand.

Commencement of the last house and Leg byes (as there is no LBW) are not applicable to Tennisball Cricket. However for leg byes a signal must be made by the umpire to instruct scorer and players of a leg bye.

vii. New ball – by holding the ball above the head

viii. Revoke last signal – by touching both shoulders each with opposite hands.

ix. Short run – by bending one arm upwards and touching the nearer shoulder with the tips of the fingers.

x. Declared runs – By raising the fingers equal to runs declared above head and repeatedly tapping the wrist with other hand.

ll. The umpire shall wait until each signal to the scorers has been separately acknowledged by a scorer before allowing play to proceed.

mm. Correctness of scoresConsultation between umpires and scorers on doubtful points is essential. The umpires shall satisfy themselves as to the correctness of the number of runs scored, the wickets that have fallen and, where appropriate, the number of overs bowled. They shall consult with the scorer every 5 overs to determine the accuracy and correctness of scores.

The umpire at strikers end may record the score after the ball is dead in brief format as described below:

Over: <b1> <b2>…<bn> = Total of the over

Where, b1, b2 are runs scored on ball 1, ball 2 etc. of the over.

16

nn. Failure to show or lateIf one or both umpire(s) fail to show up for the match

oo. It must be reported to the appropriate authority – Chapter Games Committee and the Chapter Appeals Committee.

pp. At the end of the match both captains must make a note of umpire no-show on the scorecard on the paper as well as online in the comments section. They should indicate the name of team and name of umpire in their remarks.

17

Players

“He missed a mandatory team meeting and therefore he sat out the first game. Rules are rules”– Anonymous

Law 2: Players a. Number of playersA match is played between two sides, each of eleven players, one of whom shall be captain. There should be at least eight players on a side to start the match.

The statement “By agreement a match may be played between sides of more or less than eleven players, but not more than eleven players may field at any time.” In ICC Law 1.1 is not applicable to matches organized by Tennisball Cricket association.

b. Nomination of playersEach captain shall nominate his players in writing to one of the umpires before the toss. No player may be changed after the nomination without the consent of the opposing captain.

It is good idea to introduce players of both teams. This introduction must be carried out by the umpires and captains.

c. Captaind. The Captain of a cricket team is a player who, during the course of a

game, has several additional roles and responsibilities over and above those of a regular player.

e. Captain is the individual who is going to be in charge of the team during the course of the game.

f. The Captain can only be from the playing 11 for that particular game that was submitted to the umpires prior to the commencement of the game.

Law

2

g. Each team will have to inform the umpires prior to the commencement of the game as to who will be the Captain representing their team for that particular game.

h. Non-playing Captains will not be allowed.

If at any time the captain is not available, a deputy shall act for him.

a. If a captain is not available during the period in which the toss is to take place then the deputy must be responsible for the nomination of players, if this has not already been done and the toss.

b. At any time after the toss the deputy must be one of the nominated players.

d. Responsibilities of a captainThe captains are responsible at all times for ensuring that play is conducted within the spirit and traditions of the game as well as within the Laws. See Preamble, TheSpirit of Cricket.

19

Substitutes and runners; batsman or fielder leaving the field; batsman retiring; batsman commencing innings

'The substitutes are all on the bench, and that's where they'll start the match.' –BARRY DAVIES

Law 3: Substitutes and runners; batsman or fielder leaving the field; batsman retiring; batsman commencing innings

a. Substitutes and runnersb. If the umpires are satisfied that a player has been injured or becomes ill

after the nomination of the players, they shall allow that player to have…

i. a substitute acting instead of him in the field.

ii. a runner when batting.

Any injury or illness that occurs at any time after the nomination of the players until the conclusion of the match shall be allowable, irrespective of whether play is in progress or not. If the umpires are satisfied that the player was injured prior to being nominated the player shall not be allowed a substitute and runner and the player is advised not to play the game to avoid further aggravating injury.

c. The umpires shall have discretion, for other wholly acceptable reasons, to allow a substitute for a fielder, or a runner for a batsman, at the start of the match or at any subsequent time.

d. A player wishing to change his shirt, boots, etc. must leave the field to do so. No substitute shall be allowed for him.

Law

3

e. Objection to the substitutesThe opposing captain shall have no right of objection to any player acting as a substitute on the field, nor as to where the substitute shall field. However, no substitute shall act as wicket-keeper. See 3 below.

f. Restrictions on the role of substitutesA substitute shall not be allowed either to bat or bowl or to act as wicket-keeper or as captain on the field of play.

g. A player for whom a substitute has actedA player is allowed to bat, bowl or field even though a substitute has previously acted for him.

h. Fielder absent or leaving the fieldIf a fielder fails to take the field with his side at the start of the match or at any later time, or leaves the field during a session of play…

i. the umpire shall be informed of the reason for his absence.

j. he shall not thereafter come on to the field during a session of play without the consent of the umpire. See 6 below. The umpire shall give such consent as soon as is practicable, end of an over or fall of a wicket whichever is earlier.

k. if he is absent from the field during the play, he shall not be permitted to bowl thereafter immediately on his return, until he’s been on the field for equal number of overs as he’s been off the ground, rounded to a complete over.

l. The restriction in (c) above shall not apply if the player has suffered an external blow (as opposed to an internal injury such as a pulled muscle) whilst participating in the match and consequently been forced to leave the field. Nor shall it apply if the player has been absent for very exceptional and wholly acceptable reasons as determined by the umpires (other than injury or illness). In the event of a fieldsman already being off the field at the commencement or an interruption in play through ground, weather or light conditions or for other exceptional circumstances, he shall be allowed to count any such stoppage time as playing time, provided that he personally informs the umpires when he is fit enough to take the field had play been in progress.

i.

21

This is a departure from classical ICC 2.5(c) which requires the fielder to spend equal amount of time on the field as he spent off it before allowing him to bowl. In (b) the clause “end of an over or fall of a wicket whichever is earlier” has been added by TCA on ensure consistent application of the law.

m. Player returning without permissionIf a player comes on to the field of play in contravention of 5(b) above and comes into contact with the ball while it is in play,

n. the ball shall immediately become dead and the umpire shall award 5 penalty runs to the batting side. The ball shall not count as one of the over.

o. the umpire shall inform the other umpire, the captain of the fielding side, the batsmen and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of the reason for this action.

p. the umpires together shall report the occurrence as soon as possible to the appropriate authority (Tournament Committee or the League Committee) and the Umpiring and Appeals Committee responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player concerned.

q. RunnerThe player acting as a runner for a batsman shall be a member of the batting side and shall, if possible, have already batted in that innings. The runner shall wear external protective equipment equivalent to that worn by the batsman for whom he runs and shall carry a bat. The runner will stand behind the crease when the player he is running for is on strike. The runner can only step outside the crease once the striker has played a shot.

r. Transgression of Laws by batsman who has a runners. A batsman's runner is subject to the Laws. He will be regarded as a

batsman except where there are specific provisions for his role as a runner. See 7 above.

t. A batsman with a runner will suffer the penalty for any infringement of the Laws by his runner as though he had been himself responsible for the infringement. In particular he will be out if his runner is out under any of Laws 33 (Handled the ball), 37 (Obstructing the field) or 38 (Run out).

u. When a batsman with a runner is striker he remains himself subject to the Laws and will be liable to the penalties that any infringement of them demands. Additionally, if he is out of his ground when the wicket is put down at the wicket-keeper's end, he will be out in the circumstances of Run Out or Stumped irrespective of the position of the non-striker or of the runner. If he is thus dismissed, runs completed by the runner and the other

22

batsman before the dismissal shall not be scored. However, the penalty for a No ball or a Wide shall stand, together with any penalties to either side that may be awarded when the ball is dead.

v. When a batsman with a runner is not the striker

i. he remains subject to Laws of Handling the ball and Obstructing the field but is otherwise out of the game.

ii. he shall stand where directed by the striker's end umpire so as not to interfere with play.

iii. he will be liable, notwithstanding (i) above, to the penalty demanded by the Laws should he commit any act of unfair play.

w. he will be liable, notwithstanding (i) above, to the penalty demanded by the Laws should he commit any act of unfair play.

x. Batsman leaving the field or retiringA batsman may retire at any time during his innings. The umpires, before allowing play to proceed, shall be informed of the reason for a batsman retiring.

y. If a batsman retires because of illness, injury or any other unavoidable cause, he is entitled to resume his innings subject to (c) below. If for any reason he does not do so, his innings is to be recorded as 'Retired – not out'.

z. If a batsman retires for any reason other than as in (a) above, he may only resume his innings with the consent of the opposing captain. If for any reason he does not resume his innings it is to be recorded as 'Retired – out'.

aa. If after retiring a batsman resumes his innings, it shall be only at the fall of a wicket or the retirement of another batsman.

bb. Commencement of batsman’s inningsExcept at the start of a side's innings, a batsman shall be considered to have commenced his innings when he first steps on to the field of play, provided Time has not been called. The innings of the opening batsmen, and that of any new batsman at the resumption of play after a call of Time, shall commence at the call of Play.

23

Ground and Equipment

Law 4: Ground and Equipment – Ball, Bat, Wickets and Other Equipment; Pitch, ground and related measurements and conditions.

a. The ballcc. Both sides must use the same make and quality of ball.

dd. Approval and control of the ball

i. All balls to be used in the match, having been approved by the umpires and captains, shall be in the possession of the umpires before the toss and shall remain under their control throughout the match.

ii. The umpire shall take possession of the ball in use at the fall of each wicket, at the start of any interval and at any interruption of play.

ICC law 5(2) governs the approval of the ball.

ee. New ball

i. If, during play, the ball cannot be found or recovered or the umpires agree that it has become unfit for play through normal use, the umpires shall replace it with a brand new ball immediately (only if lost) or at the end of the over or fall of wicket whichever is earlier. When the ball is replaced the umpires shall inform the batsmen and the fielding captain.

ICC law 5(5) and 5(3) govern how and when new ball will be used.

b. The bata. Length and width

Law

4

The bat overall shall not be more than 38 inches or 96.5cm in length. The blade of the bat shall be made solely of wood and shall not exceed 4 in or 10.8cm at the widest part.

b. Covering the blade

The blade may be covered with material for protection, strengthening or repair. Such material shall not exceed inches or 1.56 millimeter in thickness, and shall not be likely to cause unacceptable damage to the ball.

c. Hand or glove to count as part of the bat

ii. reference to the bat shall imply that the bat is held by the batsman.

iii. contact between the ball and either

1. the striker's hand holding the bat up to the wrists or,

2. any part of a glove worn on the striker's hand holding the bat shall be regarded as the ball striking or touching the bat, or being struck by the bat.

c. The wicketsd. Width and pitching

Two sets of wickets shall be pitched opposite and parallel to each other at a distance of 22 yards or 20.12m between the centers of the two middle stumps. Each set shall be 9 inches or 22.86 centimeter wide and shall consist of three wooden stumps with two wooden bails on top

e. Size of the stumps

The tops of the stumps shall be 28 inches or 71.1 centimeter above the playing surface and shall be dome shaped except for the bail grooves. The portion of a stump above the playing surface shall be cylindrical, apart from the domed top, with circular section of diameter not less than 1 inches or 3.49 centimeter nor more than 1

inch or 3.81 centimeters.

f. The bails

iv. Size specifications

25

Overall length: 4 inches or 10.95 centimeters Length of barrel: 2 inches or 5.40 centimeters

Longer spigot: 1 inches or 3.49 centimetersShorter spigot: inches or 2.06 centimeters

v. The bails, when in position on the top of the stumps,

1. shall not project more than inches or 1.27 centimeters above them.

2. shall fit between the stumps without forcing them out of the vertical.

vi. If the bails are used in a game they must be used at both ends. Use of bails must be avoided under windy conditions.

vii. Dispensing with the bails

The umpires may agree to dispense with the use of bails, if necessary and if bails are in use, notwithstanding iii above. If they so agree then no bails shall be used at either end. The use of bails shall be resumed as soon as conditions permit.

ICC Law 8(3) defines rules for usage of bails. The iii above is specific to Tennisball cricket.

g. Protective equipmentFollowing protective equipment is permitted to be used in Tennisball cricket

a. Batting gloves

b. Groin guard

c. Helmet

d. Wicket keeping gloves

e. Upper body guard

h. The pitchi. Area of pitch

The pitch is a rectangular area of the ground 64 feet in length and 10ft in width. It is bounded at either end by the bowling creases and on either side by imaginary lines, one on each side of the imaginary line joining the centers of the two middle stumps, each parallel to it and 5ft from it.

26

ICC law 7(1) defines the pitch as 22 yards or 66 feet.

j. Fitness of the pitch

Though the umpires shall be the final judges of the fitness of the pitch for play, before making any decision they must communicate the condition of the pitch and the ground to the proper authority.

The clause “…before making any decision they must communicate the condition of the pitch ground to the proper authority.” is specific to Tennisball cricket. ICC law 5 does not have any such clause.

k. Changing the pitch

The pitch shall not be changed during the match unless the umpires decide that it is unreasonable or dangerous for play to continue on it and with the consent of both captains.

i. The decision to change the pitch was made must be communicated via the score card comment section.

ii. The umpires in consultation with captains must determine and lay down the boundaries at the new ground before the start of play.

iii. Notwithstanding i and ii above, if the captains agree to continue on the same pitch the play shall resume.

l. The creases

A bowling crease, a popping crease and two return creases shall be marked in white, as set out in 2, 3 and 4 below, at each end of the pitch.

i. The bowling crease

The bowling crease, which is the back edge of the crease marking, shall be the line through the centers of the three stumps at that end. It shall be 8ft 8 in/2.64m in length, with the stumps in the centre.

ii. The popping crease

The popping crease, which is the back edge of the crease marking, shall be in front of and parallel to the bowling crease and shall be 4ft/1.22m from it. The popping crease shall be marked to a minimum 15 yards or 45 feet on either side of the

27

imaginary line joining the centers of the middle stumps and shall be considered to be unlimited in length.

iii. The return crease

The return creases, which are the inside edges of the crease markings, shall be at right angles to the popping crease at a distance of 4ft 4 inches or 1.32 meters either side of the imaginary line joining the centers of the two middle stumps. Each return crease shall be marked from the popping crease to a minimum of 8feet or 2.44 meters behind it and shall be considered to be unlimited in length.

ICC Law 9 defines the dimensions of the crease.

m. Boundaryn. Size of the boundary – 180 feet for League Championship, KO, Open

Tournament, Winter League (this applies to Bay Area Chapter only)

o. Size of the boundary – 165 feet for Flood Light Tournament (this applies to Bay Area Chapter only)

p. Measurement of the boundary

The boundaries should be measured in shape of letter “D” with wicket in center. The “D” should be drawn from both ends where wickets are placed. Wickets at each end must be the center of radius for both halves.

q. Declared runs

i. Declared runs will apply only if ball is irretrievable due to obstructions/obstacles on the ground.

ii. If the length of boundary is shorter than 140 feet on any side but free of any obstacles/obstructions batsman have to run.

iii. Both (i) and (ii) may be overruled by appropriate governing body responsible for the match.

iv. If such rules were not defined the umpires in consultation with captains of both sides shall make this determination. Also refer to 5(c).

The dimensions of cricket boundary are defined as a minimum of 60 yards and the playing area to be 140 yards in diameter. This is defined in ICC Law 19.1.1 ODI playing conditions. The declared runs are not governed by ICC laws.

28

Innings and Match

Law 5: Innings and Match a. Number of innings

b. A match shall be one innings of each side according to agreement reached before the match.

c. An innings will be limited by number of overs or by a period of time.

i. An innings should not be less than 15 overs.

ii. An innings should not exceed 25 overs.

iii. (i) and (ii) shall not apply in case of rain rule.

Each team shall bat the number of overs prescribed by the authority organizing the match.

d. Start of an inningsThe innings shall start when the umpire at bowlers end calls Play and the batsman at the strikers end is ready to face first delivery.

e. Completed inningsA side's innings is to be considered as completed if

a. the side is all out, or

b. at the fall of a wicket, further balls remain to be bowled, but no further batsman is available to come in, or

c. the captain declares the innings closed, or

d. the prescribed number of overs has been bowled, or

e. the prescribed time has expired

Law

5

f. Late start of inningsTeam(s) responsible for late start of innings shall be penalized by reduction in number of overs which they will face during their batting according to the following table,

Late start of innings by (time)

Factor

10 minutes 1 over

10−20 minutes 2 overs

20-30 minutes 3 overs

30 + minutes walkover

g. The tossThe captains shall toss for the choice of innings on the field of play not earlier than 30 minutes nor later than 15 minutes, before the scheduled or any rescheduled time for the match to start.

h. Decision to be notifiedThe captain of the side winning the toss shall notify the opposing captain of his decision to bat or to field, not later than 10 minutes before the scheduled or any rescheduled time for the match to start. Once notified the decision may not be altered.

ICC law 12 governs the innings. It also defines innings to be two sided and related applications of the law which are not applicable to Tennisball Cricket.

i. Delayed and interrupted matchesThe object shall always be to rearrange the number of overs so that both teams have the opportunity of batting for the same number of overs.

a. A minimum 10 overs have to be bowled to the side batting second to constitute a match. The calculation of the number of overs to be bowled shall be based on an average rate of 11 overs per hour in the total time available to play. If a reduction of the number of overs is required, any recalculation must not cause the match to be rescheduled to finish earlier than the original cessation time. This time may be extended to allow for one extra over for both teams to be added if required.

b. If the team fielding second fails to bowl the required number of overs by the scheduled cessation time, the hours of play shall be extended until the overs have been bowled or a result achieved.

30

c. The team batting second shall not bat for a greater number of overs than the first team unless the latter has been all out in less than the agreed number of overs.

j. Declaration and forfeiture of inningsA captain may forfeit either of his side's innings. A forfeited innings shall be considered as a completed innings. A captain shall notify the opposing captain and the umpires of his decision to forfeit an innings.

Declaration of innings does not apply to Tennisball cricket.

k. Lost balll. Fielder to call Lost Ball

A ball in play cannot be found or recovered, any fielder may call Lost ball. The ball shall then become dead. Law Batsman returning to wicket to wicket he has left shall apply as from the instant of the call.

m. Ball to be replaced

The umpires shall replace the ball with a new ball of the same quality and make as the previous ball before it was lost or became irrecoverable.

n. Runs scored

i. The penalty for a No ball or a Wide, if applicable, shall stand, together with any penalties under either of Laws 6(5) (Deliberate short runs) or Fair and unfair play that are applicable before the call of Lost ball.

ii. The batting side shall additionally be awarded the runs completed by the batsmen, together with the run in progress if they have crossed at the instant of the call.

This is deviation from ICC rule 20(3)(b) which limits the runs scored off lost ball to be those run by batsman or 6 runs which ever is greater.

o. How scored

If there is a one run penalty for a No ball or for a Wide, it shall be scored as a No ball extra or as a Wide as appropriate. If any other penalties have been awarded to either side, they shall be scored as penalty extras. Runs to the batting side in 9(c)(ii) above shall be credited to the striker if the ball has been struck by the bat, but otherwise to the total of Byes, Leg byes, No balls or Wides as the case may be.

31

p. WalkoverWalkover shall apply against team(s) who is/are responsible for delaying the start of match beyond 20 minutes of the scheduled time.

q. If the walkover is applied to one team who is responsible for delay in start of the game, other team should be declared winners and awarded full points.

r. If the walkover rules is applied to both teams since both contributed to the delay in start of the game the match should be declared nullified and recorded as not played. No points shall be awarded to any team in this case.

s. Umpires shall be the sole judge to apply and award walkover.

t. Intervals or timeThe following shall be counted as intervals or time (timeouts)

u. The period between close of an inning and the start of the next – not to exceed 15 minutes.

v. Intervals for drinks – not to exceed 10 minutes and should be taken halfway between the innings. Interval for drinks may not be taken after 3 of the overs remaining in the game. Both captains may agree to forego the drinks interval.

w. Any other agreed interval with the consent of the umpires

x. Interval when 9 wickets are down – Interval shall not be taken if 9 wickets are down and less than 5 overs remain to be bowled.

All these intervals shall be considered as scheduled breaks for the purposes of Law 3.5.

y. Call of playThe umpire at the bowler's end shall call Play at the start of the match and on the resumption of play after any interval or interruption.

z. Call of timeThe umpire at the bowler's end shall call Time on the cessation of play before any interval or interruption of play and at the conclusion of the match.

aa. Starting an overAnother over shall always be started at any time during the match, unless an interval is to be taken in the circumstances set out in 10 above, if the umpire, after walking at his normal pace, has arrived at his position behind the stumps at the

32

bowler's end before the time agreed for the next interval, or for the close of play, has been reached.

bb. Completion of an overOther than at the end of the match,

cc. if the agreed time for an interval is reached during an over, the over shall be completed before the interval is taken except as provided for in (b) below.

dd. when less than 3 overs remain before the interval, the interval will be taken immediately if either

i. a batsman is out or retires, or

ii. the players have occasion, under exceptional circumstance, to leave the field whether this occurs during an over or at the end of an over, under normal circumstances. Except at the end of an innings, if an over is thus interrupted it shall be completed on resumption of play.

ee. Conclusion of the matchThe match is concluded,

ff. as soon as a result, as defined in sections 1, 2, 3 or 4 of Law 21 (The result), are reached.

gg. as soon as both

i. the minimum number of overs have completed, or

ii. the agreed time for close of play is reached unless a result has been reached earlier.

hh. if, without the match being concluded either as in (a) or in (b) above, the players leave the field, either for adverse conditions of ground, weather or light, or in exceptional circumstances, and no further play is possible thereafter.

ii. if, the umpires decide to suspend play and not to resume it due to safety and security concerns due to violence by spectators or players. This condition must be immediately reported by the umpires to the Umpiring and Appeals Committee.

33

jj. ScorersBatting side is responsible to appoint scorers. The scorers must be familiar with Tennisball Cricket scoring conventions, consult with umpires if in doubt.

kk. The scorers must periodically check the correctness of their scores

ll. The scorers must tally the score at the end of innings and at the end of the match and fill out all columns in the score card.

mm. The scorers shall accept all instructions and signals given to them by the umpires. They shall immediately acknowledge each separate signal.

ICC law 4 requires two independent scorers to record and tally the scores at regular intervals.

nn. A winThe side which has scored in its one innings a total of runs in excess of that scored by the opposing side in its one completed innings shall win the match. A result can be achieved only if both teams have had the opportunity of batting for minimum prescribed overs, unless one team has been all out in less than the prescribed quota of overs or unless the team batting second scores enough runs to win in less than minimum prescribed overs. The minimum prescribed quota is issued by the match governing body.

oo. A tieThe result of a match shall be a Tie when the scores are equal at the conclusion of play, but only if the side batting last has completed its innings. If the scores are equal, the result shall be a tie and no account shall be taken of the number of wickets which have fallen, except in circumstances where defined otherwise by the match governing body.

pp. Umpires awarding the matchqq. A match shall be lost by a side which either,

i. concedes defeat, or

ii. in the opinion of the umpires refuses to play and the umpires shall award the match to the other side.

rr. If an umpire considers that an action by any player or players might constitute a refusal by either side to play then the umpires together shall ascertain the cause of the action. If they then decide together that this action does constitute a refusal to play by one side, they shall so inform the captain of that side. If the captain persists in the action the umpires shall award the match in accordance with (a)(ii) above.

34

ss. If action as in (b) above takes place after play has started and does not constitute a refusal to play

i. playing time lost shall be counted from the start of the action until play recommences, subject to Law Changing agreed times of intervals.

ii. the time for close of play on that day shall be extended by this length of time, subject to Law suspension of play for adverse conditions of ground, weather or light.

iii. if applicable, no overs shall be deducted during the last hour of the match solely on account of this time.

tt. Winning hits or extrasuu. As soon as a result is reached, as defined above, the match is at an

end. Nothing that happens thereafter, except as in Law Penalty runs, shall be regarded as part of it.

vv. The side batting last will have scored enough runs to win only if its total of runs is sufficient without including any runs completed before the dismissal of the striker by the completion of a catch or by the obstruction of a catch.

ww. If a boundary is scored before the batsmen have completed sufficient runs to win the match, then the whole of the boundary allowance shall be credited to the side's total and, in the case of a hit by the bat, to the striker's score.

xx. Statement of resultsIf the side batting last wins the match without losing all its wickets, the result shall be stated as a win by the number of wickets still then to fall. If the side batting last has lost all its wickets but, as the result of an award of 5 penalty runs at the end of the match, has scored a total of runs in excess of the total scored by the opposing side, the result shall be stated as a win to that side by Penalty runs. If the side fielding last wins the match, the result shall be stated as a win by runs. If the match is decided by one side conceding defeat or refusing to play, the result shall be stated as Match Conceded or Match Awarded as the case may be.

yy. Correctness of resultsAny decision as to the correctness of the scores shall be the responsibility of the umpires. Umpires must make sure make sure that scores are entered in proper way at the end of the match and sign-off the score cards. Umpires may choose to delegate the announcement of the match result in cases of extreme incorrectness

35

of score cards. In such events one umpire must take the score card with him and refer it to statistician and governing body for further action.

zz. Results not to be changedOnce the umpires have agreed with the scorers the correctness of the scores at the conclusion of the match – see 22 above and 4.2 (Correctness of scores) – the result cannot thereafter be changed.

Scoring Runs

Law 6: Scoring runs a. A runThe score shall be reckoned by runs. A run is scored

b. so often as the batsmen, at any time while the ball is in play, have crossed and made good their ground from end to end.

c. when a boundary is scored.

d. when penalty runs are awarded.

e. when Lost ball is called.

f. Runs disallowedNotwithstanding 1 above, or any other provisions elsewhere in the Laws, the scoring of runs or awarding of penalties will be subject to any disallowance of runs provided for within the Laws that may be applicable.

g. Short runsh. A run is short if a batsman fails to make good his ground on turning for

a further run.

Law

6

36

i. Although a short run shortens the succeeding one, the latter if completed shall not be regarded as short. A striker taking stance in front of his popping crease may run from that point also without penalty.

j. Unintentional short runExcept in the circumstances of 5 below,

k. if either batsman runs a short run, unless a boundary is scored the umpire concerned shall call and signal Short run as soon as the ball becomes dead and that run shall not be scored.

l. if, after either or both batsmen run short, a boundary is scored, the umpire concerned shall disregard the short running and shall not call or signal Short run.

m. if both batsmen run short in one and the same run, this shall be regarded as only one short run.

n. if more than one run is short then, subject to (b) and (c) above, all runs so called shall not be scored. If there has been more than one short run the umpire shall inform the scorers as to the number of runs scored.

o. Deliberate short runp. Not withstanding 4 above, if either umpire considers that either or both

batsmen deliberately run short at his end, the following procedure shall be adopted.

i. The umpire concerned shall, when the ball is dead, warn the batsmen that the practice is unfair, indicate that this is a first and final warning and inform the other umpire of what has occurred. This warning shall continue to apply throughout the innings. The umpire shall so inform each incoming batsman.

ii. The batsmen shall return to their original ends.

iii. Whether a batsman is dismissed or not, the umpire at the bowler's end shall disallow all runs to the batting side from that delivery other than the penalty for a No ball or Wide, or penalties under Laws of Deliberate distraction or obstruction of batsman and Fielders damaging the pitch, if applicable.

iv. The umpire at the bowler's end shall inform the scorers as to the number of runs scored.

q. If there is any further instance of deliberate short running by any batsman in that innings, when the ball is dead the umpire concerned shall

37

inform the other umpire of what has occurred and the procedure set out in (a) (ii) and (iii) above shall be repeated. Additionally, the umpire at the bowler's end shall

i. award 5 penalty runs to the fielding side.

ii. inform the scorers as to the number of runs scored.

iii. inform the batsmen, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of the reason for this action.

iv. report the occurrence, with the other umpire and to the Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

r. Runs scored for penaltiesRuns shall be scored for penalties under 5 above and Laws Player returning without permission, No ball, Wide ball, Fielding the ball, Protective helmets belonging to the fielding side and Fair and unfair play.

s. Runs scored for boundariesRuns shall be scored for boundary allowances under Law – Boundaries.

t. Runs scored for lost ballRuns shall be scored when Lost ball is called under Law 5(9).

u. Batsman dismissedWhen either batsman is dismissed

v. any penalties to either side that may be applicable shall stand but no other runs shall be scored, except as stated in 10 below.

w. 12(a) below will apply if the method of dismissal is Caught, Handled the ball or Obstructing the field. 12(a) will also apply if a batsman is Run out, except in the circumstances of Law – Transgression of the Laws by a batsman who has a runner where 12(b) below will apply.

x. the not out batsman shall return to his original end except as stated in (b) above.

y. Runs scored when a batsman is dismissedIn addition to any penalties to either side that may be applicable, if a batsman is

38

z. dismissed Handled the ball, the batting side shall score the runs completed before the offence.

aa. dismissed Obstructing the field, the batting side shall score the runs completed before the offence. If, however, the obstruction prevents a catch from being made, no runs other than penalties shall be scored.

bb. dismissed Run out, the batting side shall score the runs completed before the dismissal. If, however, a striker with a runner is himself dismissed Run out, no runs other han penalties shall be scored.

cc. Runs scored when the ball becomes deaddd. When the ball becomes dead on the fall of a wicket, runs shall be

scored as laid down in 9 and 10 above.

ee. When the ball becomes dead for any reason other than the fall of a wicket, or is called dead by an umpire, unless there is specific provision otherwise in the Laws, the batting side shall be credited with

i. all runs completed by the batsmen before the incident or calland

ii. the run in progress if the batsmen have crossed at the instant of the incident or call. Note specifically, however, the provisions of Laws Runs permitted from ball lawfully struck more than once and Deliberate distraction or obstruction of batsman and,

iii. any penalties that are applicable.

ff. Batsman returning to wicket he has leftgg. If, while the ball is in play, the batsmen have crossed in running, neither

shall return to the wicket he has left, except as in (b) below.

hh. The batsmen shall return to the wickets they originally left in the cases of, and only in the cases of

i. a boundary;

ii. disallowance of runs for any reason;

iii. the dismissal of a batsman, except as in 9(b) above.

ii. Declared runsIf the umpires signals declared runs

39

jj. the ball shall become dead immediately upon the call to declared run by the umpire.

kk. the runs, except penalties, shall be credited to the striker and the bowler as nD. For example if 2 declared runs apply they shall be written as 2D in column for batsman’s score.

ll. the penalties shall be scored in appropriate column – No ball, wide ball etc.

mm. if ball is lost on a declared boundary, notwithstanding provision in Law 6(9) Lost ball only declared runs shall apply.

40

The over

Law 7: The over a. Number of ballsAn over will consist of 6 balls.

b. Start of an overAn over has started when the bowler starts his run up or, if he has no run up, his delivery action for the first delivery of that over. He is given out by an umpire on appeal

c. Call of an overWhen 6 balls have been bowled other than those which are not to count in the over and as the ball becomes dead the umpire shall call Over before leaving the wicket.

d. Balls not to count in the overe. ball shall not count as one of the 6 balls of the over unless it is delivered,

even though a batsman may be dismissed or some other incident occurs before the ball is delivered

f. A ball which is delivered by the bowler shall not count as one of the 6 balls of the over

i. if it is called dead, or is to be considered dead, before the striker has had an opportunity to play it

ii. if it is a No ball

iii. if it is a Wide

iv. if it is called dead ball

v. when 5 penalty runs are awarded to the batting side under any of Laws Player returning without permission, Fielding the ball,

Law

7

Deliberate attempt to distract striker or Deliberate distraction or obstruction of batsman.

42

Appeals

Law 8: Appeals a. Umpire not to give batsman out without appealNeither umpire shall give a batsman out, even though he may be out under the Laws, unless appealed to by the fielding side. This shall not debar a batsman who is out under any of the Laws from leaving his wicket without an appeal having been made. Note however the provisions of 7 below.

b. Batsman dismissedA batsman is dismissed if, either,

c. he is given out by an umpire, on appeal

d. he is out under any of the Laws and leaves his wicket as in 1 above.

e. Timing of appealsFor an appeal to be valid it must be made before the bowler begins his run up or, if he has no run up, his bowling action to deliver the next ball, and before Time has been called. The call of Over does not invalidate an appeal made prior to the start of the following over provided Time has not been called.

f. Appeal “How’s that” An appeal "How's That?" covers all ways of being out.

g. Answering appealsThe umpire at the bowler's end shall answer all appeals except those arising out of any of Hit wicket, Stumped or Run out when this occurs at the striker's wicket. A decision Not out by one umpire shall not prevent the other umpire from giving a decision, provided that each is considering only matters within his jurisdiction.When a batsman has been given Not out, either umpire may, within his jurisdiction, answer a further appeal provided that it is made in accordance with 3 above.

8

h. Consultation by umpiresEach umpire shall answer appeals on matters within his own jurisdiction. If an umpire is doubtful about any point that the other umpire may have been in a better position to see, he shall consult the latter on this point of fact and shall then give his decision. If, after consultation, there is still doubt remaining the decision shall be Not out.

i. Batsman leaving the wicket under misapprehensionAn umpire shall intervene if satisfied that a batsman, not having been given out, has left his wicket under a misapprehension that he is out. The umpire intervening shall call and signal Dead ball to prevent any further action by the fielding side and shall recall the batsman.

j. Withdrawal of an appealThe captain of the fielding side may withdraw an appeal only with the consent of the umpire within whose jurisdiction the appeal falls and before the outgoing batsman has left the field of play. If such consent is given the umpire concerned shall, if applicable, revoke his decision and recall the batsman.

k. Umpires decisionAn umpire may alter his decision provided that such alteration is made promptly. This apart, an umpire's decision, once made, is final.

l. Excessive appeals by fielding sideIf in opinion of an umpire the fielding side is appealing excessively he shall issue a warning to the fielding side captain. If the excessive appeals continue umpires shall make a written adjudication to Umpiring and Appeals Committee indicating the details. The UAC will judge the matter and levy appropriate and necessary penalties as may apply.

m. Appeals by batting side or the batsman for no ball or the wide ballThe batting side or the batsmen on the ground do not have rights to appeal for a wide or no ball. If the batsman is making excessive appeals umpire may instruct the scorer to award 5 penalty runs to the fielding side. The umpire must also report it to the Umpiring and Appeals Committee indicating the details. The UAC may take further appropriate action if necessary.

n. Affecting judgment of umpiresParticipants may not give umpire automatic or explicit suggestions about the decision he will make or has previously made or to influence his decision in a manner in direct contrast with the Sprit of the game. The umpires may consult with appropriate person on the ground, if they think necessary. The umpire must also report it to the Umpiring and Appeals Committee indicating the details. The UAC may take further appropriate action if necessary.

44

The laws 8(10), 8(11) and 8(12) are Tennisball Cricket specific rules. ICC laws give such powers to the match referee, on report of the umpires or his general observation of the game. TCA provides sufficient power to the umpires to decide on the matter if they deem necessary that such steps are required for the smooth progress of the game.

45

No-Ball

Law 9: No-Ball a. Mode of delivery

b. The umpire shall ascertain whether the bowler intends to bowl right handed or left handed, over or round the wicket, and shall so inform the striker. It is unfair if the bowler fails to notify the umpire of a change in his mode of delivery. In this case the umpire shall call and signal No ball.

c. The bowler may not deliver the ball underarm. If a bowler bowls a ball underarm the umpire shall call and signal no ball, and the ball is to be re-bowled over arm.

A popular misconception is about 1(b) that bowler informs the umpire when he starts a fresh over or continues after a break. However, the rule clearly defines that umpire must ascertain the side and arm of the bowler, except in middle of an over when bowler has to inform the umpire of the change.

d. Fair delivery – the armFor a delivery to be fair in respect of the arm the ball must not be thrown. See 3 below. Although it is the primary responsibility of the striker's end umpire to ensure the fairness of a delivery in this respect, there is nothing in this Law to debar the bowler's end umpire from calling and signaling No ball if he considers that the ball has been thrown.

e. If, in the opinion of either umpire, the ball has been thrown, he shall

i. call and signal No ball.

ii. caution the bowler, when the ball is dead. This caution shall apply throughout the innings.

iii. inform the other umpire, the batsmen at the wicket, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

Law

9

f. If either umpire considers that after such caution a further delivery by the same bowler in that innings is thrown, the umpire concerned shall repeat the procedure set out in (a) above, indicating to the bowler that this is a final warning. This warning shall also apply throughout the innings.

g. If either umpire considers that a further delivery by the same bowler in that innings is thrown,

i. the umpire concerned shall call and signal No ball. When the ball is dead he shall inform the other umpire, the batsmen at the wicket and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

ii. the umpire at the bowler's end shall direct the captain of the fielding side to take the bowler off forthwith. The over shall be completed by another bowler, who shall neither have bowled the previous over nor be allowed to bowl the next over. The bowler thus taken off shall not bowl again in that innings.

iii. the umpires together shall report the occurrence as soon as possible to the Umpiring and Appeals Committee and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and bowler concerned.

h. Definition of delivery – the armA ball is fairly delivered in respect of the arm if, once the bowler's arm has reached the level of the shoulder in the delivery swing, the elbow joint is not straightened partially or completely from that point until the ball has left the hand. This definition shall not debar a bowler from flexing or rotating the wrist in the delivery swing.

The law clearly states the elbow joint and it also states that use of wrist is valid. Umpires are urged caution here to carefully watch and evaluate the action before calling and signaling a No ball.

i. Bowler throwing towards strikers end before deliveryIf the bowler throws the ball towards the striker's end before entering his delivery stride, either umpire shall call and signal No ball. However, the procedure stated in 2 above of caution, informing, final warning, action against the bowler and reporting shall not apply. See law batsman stealing run.

j. Fair delivery – the feetFor a delivery to be fair in respect of the feet, in the delivery stride

k. the bowler's back foot must land within and not touching the return crease.

47

l. the bowler's front foot must land with some part of the foot, whether grounded or raised, behind the popping crease. If the umpire at the bowler's end is not satisfied that both these conditions have been met, he shall call and signal No ball.

m. Ball bouncing more than twice or rolling along the groundThe umpire at the bowler's end shall call and signal No ball if a ball which he considers to have been delivered, without having previously touched the bat or person of the striker, either

n. bounces more than twice before reaching the striker

o. rolls along the ground before it reaches the popping crease.

p. Ball coming to rest in front of the strikers wicketIf a ball delivered by the bowler comes to rest in front of the line of the striker's wicket, without having touched the bat or person of the striker, the umpire shall call and signal No ball and immediately call and signal Dead ball.

q. Call of No ball for infringement of other lawsIn addition to the instances above, an umpire shall call and signal No ball as required by the following Laws.

r. Position of wicket keeper

s. Limitation on side fielders

t. Fielders not to encroach on the pitch

u. Dangerous and unfair bowling

v. Dangerous and unfair bowling – action by the umpire

w. Deliberate bowling of high full-pitched balls

x. Revoking a call of No ballAn umpire shall revoke the call of No ball if the ball does not leave the bowler's hand for any reason.

y. No ball to override wide ballA call of No ball shall over-ride the call of Wide ball at any time.

z. Ball not deadThe ball does not become dead on the call of No ball.

48

aa. Penalty for a No ballA penalty of one run shall be awarded instantly on the call of No ball. Unless the call is revoked, this penalty shall stand even if a batsman is dismissed. It shall be in addition to any other runs scored, any boundary allowance and any other penalties awarded.

bb. Runs resulting from a No ball – how to scoreThe one run penalty for a No ball shall be scored as a No ball extra. If other penalty runs have been awarded to either side, these shall be scored as in Law Penalty Runs. Any runs completed by the batsmen or a boundary allowance shall be credited to the striker if the ball has been struck by the bat; otherwise they also shall be scored as No ball extras. Apart from any award of a 5 run penalty, all runs resulting from a No ball, whether as No ball extras or credited to the striker shall be debited against the bowler.

cc. No ball not to countA No ball shall not count as one of the over.

dd. Out from a No ballWhen No ball has been called, neither batsman shall be out under any of the Laws except Handled the ball, Hit the ball twice, Obstructing the field or Run out.

Wide-Ball

Law 10: Wide-Ball a. Judging a wide ball

b. If the bowler bowls a ball, not being a No ball, the umpire shall adjudge it a Wide if, according to the definition in (b) below, in his opinion the ball passes wide of the striker where he is standing and would also have passed wide of him standing in a normal guard position.

Law

10

49

c. The ball will be considered as passing wide of the striker unless it is sufficiently within his reach for him to be able to hit it with his bat by means of a normal cricket stroke.

d. Umpires are instructed to apply very strict and consistent interpretation in regard to this Law in order to prevent negative bowling wide of the wicket.

i. Any offside or leg side delivery which in the opinion of the umpire does not give the batsman a reasonable opportunity to score shall be called a wide.

ii. A penalty of one run for a wide shall be scored. This penalty shall stand in addition to any other runs which are scored or awarded. All runs, which are run or result from a wide ball, which is not a no ball, shall be scored wide balls.

Umpires are instructed to apply very strict and consistent interpretation in regard to this Law in order to prevent negative bowling wide of the wicket. Any offside or leg side delivery which in the opinion of the umpire does not give the batsman a reasonable opportunity to score shall be called a wide. A penalty of one run for a wide shall be scored. This penalty shall stand in addition to any other runs which are scored or awarded. All runs, which are run or result from a wide ball, which is not a no ball, shall be scored wide balls.

e. Delivery is not a wideThe umpire shall not adjudge a delivery as being a Wide

a. if the striker, by moving, either

i. causes the ball to pass wide of him, as defined in 1(b) above, or

ii. brings the ball sufficiently within his reach to be able to hit it with his bat by means of a normal cricket stroke.

iii. if the ball touches the striker's bat or person.

f. Call and signal of the wide ballg. If the umpire adjudges a delivery to be a Wide he shall call and signal

Wide ball as soon as the ball passes the striker's wicket. It shall, however, be considered to have been a Wide from the instant of delivery, even though it cannot be called Wide until it passes the striker's wicket.

h. The umpire shall revoke the call of Wide ball if there is then any contact between the ball and the striker's bat or person.

50

i. The umpire shall revoke the call of Wide ball if a delivery is called a No ball.

j. Ball not deadThe ball does not become dead on the call of Wide ball.

k. Penalty for a wideA penalty of one run shall be awarded instantly on the call of Wide ball. Unless the call is revoked (see 3 above), this penalty shall stand even if a batsman is dismissed, and shall be in addition to any other runs scored, any boundary allowance and any other penalties awarded.

l. Runs resulting from a wide – how scoredAll runs completed by the batsmen or a boundary allowance, together with the penalty for the Wide, shall be scored as Wide balls. Apart from any award of a 5 run penalty, all runs resulting from a Wide shall be debited against the bowler.

m. Wide not to countA Wide shall not count as one of the over.

n. Out from wideWhen Wide ball has been called, neither batsman shall be out under any of the Laws except Hit wicket, obstructing the field, Run out or stumped.

51

Bye and Leg bye

Law 11: Bye and Leg bye a. ByesIf the ball, not being a No ball or a Wide, passes the striker without touching his bat or person, any runs completed by the batsmen or a boundary allowance shall be credited as Byes to the batting side.

b. Leg byesc. No runs shall be scored, if a ball delivered by the bowler first strikes the

person of the striker, and only if the umpire is satisfied that the striker has.

i. attempted to play the ball with his bat,

ii. tried to avoid being hit by the ball.

No runs shall be scored if the umpire is satisfied that either of these conditions has been met, and the ball makes no subsequent contact with the bat. Note, however, the provisions of the Laws: ‘ Ball lawfully struck more than once’ and ‘Runs permitted from ball lawfully struck more than once’.

d. The runs in above shall,

i. not be scored, if the delivery is not a No ball

ii. if No ball has been called, one run be scored as penalty for the No ball as No ball extras.

e. The umpire shall signal a dead ball if he thinks that conditions in (a) and (b) above are met.

There are no runs for leg byes in Tennisball Cricket, except under Laws of Ball lawfully struck more than once and runs permitted from ball lawfully struck more than once.

Law

11

Dead ball

Law 12: Dead ball a. Ball is dead

b. The ball becomes dead when

i. it is finally settled in the hands of the wicket-keeper or the bowler.

ii. a boundary is scored.

iii. a batsman is dismissed.

iv. whether played or not it becomes trapped between the bat and person of a batsman or between items of his clothing or equipment.

v. whether played or not it lodges in the clothing or equipment of a batsman or the clothing of an umpire.

vi. it lodges in a protective helmet worn by a member of the fielding side.

vii. there is a contravention of either of Fielding the ball or Protective helmets belonging to the fielding side.

viii. there is an award of penalty runs under Player returning without permission.

ix. lost ball is called.

x. the umpire calls Over or Time.

xi. umpire calls and signals Leg bye

Law

12

c. The ball shall be considered to be dead when it is clear to the umpire at the bowler's end that the fielding side and both batsmen at the wicket have ceased to regard it as in play.

d. Ball finally settledWhether the ball is finally settled or not is a matter for the umpire alone to decide.

e. Umpire calling and signaling dead ballf. When the ball has become dead under 1 above, the bowler's end

umpire may call Dead ball, if it is necessary to inform the players.

g. Either umpire shall call and signal Dead ball when

i. he intervenes in a case of unfair play.

ii. a serious injury to a player or umpire occurs.

iii. he leaves his normal position for consultation.

iv. one or both bails fall from the striker's wicket before he has the opportunity of playing the ball.

v. he is satisfied that for an adequate reason the striker is not ready for the delivery of the ball and, if the ball is delivered, makes no attempt to play it.

vi. the striker is distracted by any noise or movement or in any other way while he is preparing to receive or receiving a delivery. This shall apply whether the source of the distraction is within the game or outside it. Note, however, the provisions of Law Deliberate attempt to distract striker

vii. he is required to do so under any of the Laws.

h. The ball shall not count as one in the over if

i. the bowler drops the ball accidentally before delivery

ii. the ball does not leave the bowler's hand for any reason other than an attempt to run out the non-striker before entering his delivery stride. See Law Bowler attempting to run out non-striker before delivery.

i. Ball ceases to be deadThe ball ceases to be dead – that is, it comes into play – when the bowler starts his run up or, if he has no run up, his bowling action.

54

j. Action on call of dead ballk. ball is not to count as one of the over if it becomes dead or is to be

considered dead before the striker has had an opportunity to play it.

l. If the ball becomes dead or is to be considered dead after the striker has had an opportunity to play the ball, except in the circumstances of 3(vi) above and Law Deliberate attempt to distract the striker, no additional delivery shall be allowed unless No ball or Wide has been called.

m. Dead ball called for LBW and leg byeThe umpire shall call and signal dead ball if he is satisfied,

a. if a ball delivered by the bowler first strikes the person of the striker and,

b. the ball makes no subsequent contact with the bat, and

c. the striker is not out bowled

d. This rule shall not apply if (a) and (b) having been met and ball not being a No-ball the striker is out bowled. Refer to Law Wicket is down and Law 15.1 Out Bowled.

This rule is specific to Tennisball Cricket.

55

Wicket is down

Law 13: Wicket is down a. Wicket put down (Regular and Spring Stumps)

n. The wicket is put down if a bail is completely removed from the top of the stumps, or a stump is struck out of the ground (in the case of regular stumps), or if the stumps are moved with or with out base (in the case of spring stumps) by,

a. the ball.

b. the striker's bat, whether he is holding it or has let go of it.

c. the striker's person or by any part of his clothing or equipment becoming detached from his person.

d. a fielder, with his hand or arm, providing that the ball is held in the hand or hands so used, or in the hand of the arm so used. The wicket is also put down if a fielder pulls a stump out of the ground in the same manner.

o. The disturbance of a bail, whether temporary or not, shall not constitute its complete removal from the top of the stumps, but if a bail in falling lodges between two of the stumps this shall be regarded as complete removal.

b. One bail offIf one bail is off, it shall be sufficient for the purpose of putting the wicket down to remove the remaining bail, or to strike or pull any of the three stumps out of the ground, in any of the ways stated in 1 above.

c. Remaking the wicketIf the wicket (regular or spring stumps) is broken or put down while the ball is in play, the umpire shall not remake the wicket until the ball is dead. See Law Dead Ball. Any fielder however, may,

Law

13

d. replace a bail or bails on top of the stumps (regular or spring stumps).

e. put back one or more stumps (regular stumps) into the ground where the wicket originally stood.

f. Put back the stump set (spring stumps) into its original location on the pitch where the wicket originally stood.

g. Dispensing with the bailsIf the umpires have agreed to dispense with bails (regular or spring stumps), in accordance with Law Dispensing with bails, the decision as to whether the wicket has been put down is one for the umpire concerned to decide,

a. After a decision to play without bails, the wicket (regular or spring stumps) has been put down if the umpire concerned is satisfied that the wicket (regular or spring stumps) has been struck by the ball, by the striker's bat, person, or items of his clothing or equipment separated from his person as described in 1(a)(ii) or 1(a)(iii) above, or by a fielder with the hand holding the ball or with the arm of the hand holding the ball.

b. If the wicket (regular stumps) has already been broken or put down, above shall apply to any stump or stumps still in the ground. Any fielder may replace a stump or stumps, in accordance with 3b above, in order to have an opportunity of putting the wicket down.

c. If the wicket (spring stumps) has already been broken or misplaced or put down or disturbed, above shall apply to the whole stump set. Any fielder replaces stumps, in accordance with 3a and 3c above, in order to have an opportunity of putting the wicket down.

57

Batsman out of his ground

Law 14: Batsman out of his ground a. When out of his groundA batsman shall be considered to be out of his ground unless his bat or some part of his person is grounded behind the popping crease at that end.

b. Which is batsman’s groundc. If only one batsman is within a ground

i. it is his ground.

ii. it remains his ground even if he is later joined there by the other batsman.

d. If both batsmen are in the same ground and one of them subsequently leaves it, (a)(i) above applies.

e. If there is no batsman in either ground, then each ground belongs to whichever of the batsmen is nearer to it, or, if the batsmen are level, to whichever was nearer to it immediately prior to their drawing level.

f. If a ground belongs to one batsman then, unless there is a striker with a runner, the other ground belongs to the other batsman irrespective of his position.

g. When a batsman with a runner is striker, his ground is always that at the wicket-keeper's end. However, (a), (b), (c) and (d) above will still apply, but only to the runner and the non-striker, so that that ground will also belong to either the non-striker or the runner, as the case may be.

h. Position of the non-strikerThe non-striker, when standing at the bowler's end, should be positioned on the opposite side of the wicket to that from which the ball is being delivered, unless a request to do otherwise is granted by the umpire.

Law

14

How out

This chapter describes rules under which batsman is considered out. Unlike the ICC these rules have been grouped under one law.

Law 15: How out a. Bowled

b. Out bowled

i. The striker is out Bowled if his wicket is put down by a ball delivered by the bowler, not being a No ball, even if it first touches his bat or person.

ii. Notwithstanding (a) above striker shall not be out Bowled if before striking the wicket the ball has been in contact with any other player or with an umpire. He will, however, be subject to Laws of Handled the ball, Obstructing the field, Run out and Stumped.

c. Bowled to take precedence

The striker is out Bowled if his wicket is put down as in (a) above, even though a decision against him for any other method of dismissal would be justified.

d. Timed oute. Out timed-out

i. Unless Time has been called, the incoming batsman must be in position to take guard or for his partner to be ready to receive the next ball within 3 minutes of the fall of the previous wicket. If this requirement is not met, the incoming batsman will be out, Timed-out.

Law

15

ii. In the event of protracted delay in which no batsman comes to the wicket, the umpires shall adopt the procedure of Law Umpires awarding a match. For the purposes of that Law the start of the action shall be taken as the expiry of the 3 minutes referred to above

f. Bowler does not get credit

The bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

g. Caughth. Out caught

The striker is out Caught if a ball delivered by the bowler, not being a No ball, touches his bat without having previously been in contact with any member of the fielding side and is subsequently held by a fielder as a fair catch before it touches the ground.

i. Caught to take precedence

If the criteria of (a) above are met and the striker is not out Bowled, then he is out Caught, even though a decision against either batsman for another method of dismissal would be justified. Runs completed by the batsmen before the completion of the catch will not be scored.

j. A fair catch

A catch shall be considered to have been fairly made if

i. throughout the act of making the catch

1. any fielder in contact with the ball is within the field of play. See (d) – Fielder within the field of play below.

2. the ball is at no time in contact with any object grounded beyond the boundary.

The act of making the catch shall start from the time when a fielder first handles the ball and shall end when a fielder obtains complete control both over the ball and over his own movement

ii. the ball is hugged to the body of the catcher or accidentally lodges in his clothing or, in the case of the wicket-keeper, in his pads. However, it is not a fair catch if the ball lodges in a protective helmet worn by a fielder.

60

iii. the ball does not touch the ground, even though the hand holding it does so in effecting the catch.

iv. a fielder catches the ball after it has been lawfully struck more than once by the striker, but only if the ball has not touched the ground since first being struck.

v. a fielder catches the ball after it has touched an umpire, another fielder or the other batsman. However, it is not a fair catch if the ball has touched a protective helmet worn by a fielder, although the ball remains in play.

vi. a fielder catches the ball in the air after it has crossed the boundary provided that

1. he has no part of his person touching, or grounded beyond, the boundary at any time when he is in contact with the ball.

2. the ball has not been grounded beyond the boundary.

ICC law 32.3(g) provisions a catch taken off an obstruction in the field is a valid catch unless previously decided against it. This law is non-applicable to TCA. Catches taken off the obstructions in the field are not considered as valid catches. Fielder within field of play

vii. A fielder is not within the field of play if he touches the boundary or has any part of his person grounded beyond the boundary. See Law scoring a boundary.

viii. 6 runs shall be scored if a fielder

1. has any part of his person touching, or grounded beyond, the boundary when he catches the ball.

2. catches the ball and subsequently touches the boundary or grounds some part of his person over the boundary while carrying the ball but before completing the catch.

k. No runs to be scored

If the striker is dismissed Caught, runs from that delivery completed by the batsmen before the completion of the catch shall not be scored, but any penalties awarded to either side when the ball is dead, if applicable, will stand. Law Batsman returning to the wicket he left shall apply from the instant of the catch.

61

l. Handled the ballm. Out handled the ball

Either batsman is out Handled the ball if he wilfully touches the ball while in play with a hand or hands not holding the bat unless he does so with the consent of the opposing side.

n. Not out handled the ball

Notwithstanding (a) above, a batsman will not be out under this Law if

i. he handles the ball in order to avoid injury.

ii. he uses his hand or hands to return the ball to any member of the fielding side without the consent of that side. Note, however, the provisions of Law 5(d) Returning the ball to a member of fielding side below.

o. Runs scored

If either batsman is dismissed under this Law, any runs completed before the offence, together with any penalty extras and the penalty for a No ball or Wide, if applicable, shall be scored.

p. Bowler does not get credit

The bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

q. Obstructing the fieldr. Out obstructing the field

Either batsman is out Obstructing the field if he willfully obstructs or distracts the opposing side by word or action. It shall be regarded as obstruction if either batsman willfully, and without the consent of the fielding side, strikes the ball with his bat or person, other than a hand not holding the bat, after the ball has touched a fielder. See (d) below.

s. Accidental obstruction

It is for either umpire to decide whether any obstruction or distraction is willful or not. He shall consult the other umpire if he has any doubt.

t. Obstructing a ball from being caught

The striker is out should willful obstruction or distraction by either batsman prevent a catch being made. This shall apply even though the striker causes

62

the obstruction in lawfully guarding his wicket under the provisions of Law Ball lawfully struck more than once.

u. Returning the ball to a member of fielding side

Either batsman is out under this Law if, without the consent of the fielding side and while the ball is in play, he uses his bat or person to return the ball to any member of that side.

v. Runs scored

If a batsman is dismissed under this Law, runs completed by the batsmen before the offence shall be scored, together with the penalty for a No ball or a Wide, if applicable. Other penalties that may be awarded to either side when the ball is dead shall also stand. If, however, the obstruction prevents a catch from being made, runs completed by the batsmen before the offence shall not be scored, but other penalties that may be awarded to either side when the ball is dead shall stand.

w. Bowler does not get credit

The bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

x. Stumpedy. Out stumped

i. The striker is out Stumped if

1. he is out of his ground, and

2. he is receiving a ball which is not a No ball, and

3. he is not attempting a run, and

4. his wicket is fairly put down by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another member of the fielding side. Also see Law Position of the wicket keeper.

5. he is out of his ground and his wicket is fairly put down by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another member even after the ball has touched any part of the body and/or clothing or any of the equipments.

ii. The striker is out Stumped if all the conditions of (i) above are satisfied, even though a decision of Run out would be justified.

63

iii. Umpires will be sole judge of whether the batsman is out stumped or run-out. In case of umpire deciding that the batsman is Not Out Stumped (the batsman was attempting a run when the ball had touched any part of the body and/or clothing or any of the equipments except the bat or the gloves) than batsman will be given Not Out (see LBW rule).

z. Ball rebounding from wicket-keepers person

i. If the wicket is put down by the ball, it shall be regarded as having been put down by the wicket-keeper if the ball

1. rebounds on to the stumps from any part of his person or equipment, other than a protective helmet

or

2. has been kicked or thrown on to the stumps by the wicket-keeper.

ii. If the ball touches a helmet worn by the wicket-keeper, the ball is still in play but the striker shall not be out Stumped. He will, however, be liable to be Run out in these circumstances if there is subsequent contact between the ball and any member of the fielding side. Note, however, (c) below.

aa. Not out stumped

i. If the striker is not out Stumped, he is liable to be out Run out if the conditions of Law Run out apply, except as set out in (ii) below.

ii. The striker shall not be out Run out if he is out of his ground, not attempting a run and his wicket is fairly put down by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another member of the fielding side, if No ball has been called.

bb. Run outcc. Out run out

i. Either batsman is out Run out, except as in 2 below, if at any time while the ball is in play

1. he is out of his ground, and

2. his wicket is fairly put down by the opposing side

64

ii. (i) above shall apply even though No ball has been called and whether or not a run is being attempted, except in the circumstances of Law 15.6(c) Not out stumped.

dd. Batsman not run out

Notwithstanding 1 above, a batsman is not out Run out if

i. he has been within his ground and has subsequently left it to avoid injury, when the wicket is put down.

ii. the ball has not subsequently been touched again by a fielder, after the bowler has entered his delivery stride, before the wicket is put down.

iii. the ball, having been played by the striker, or having come off his person, directly strikes a helmet worn by a fielder and without further contact with him or any other fielder rebounds directly on to the wicket. However, the ball remains in play and either batsman may be Run out in the circumstances of 1 above if a wicket is subsequently put down.

iv. he is out Stumped.

v. he is out of his ground, not attempting a run and his wicket is fairly put down by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another member of the fielding side, if No ball has been called.

ee. Which batsman out

The batsman out in the circumstances of 1 above is the one whose ground is at the end where the wicket is put down. See Laws Transgression of the Laws by a batsman who has a runner) and Which is a batsman's ground.

ff. Runs scored

If a batsman is dismissed Run out, the batting side shall score the runs completed before the dismissal, together with the penalty for a No ball or a Wide, if applicable. Other penalties to either side that may be awarded when the ball is dead shall also stand.

If, however, a striker with a runner is himself dismissed Run out, runs completed by the runner and the other batsman before the dismissal shall not be scored. The penalty for a No ball or a Wide and any other penalties to either side that may be awarded when the ball is dead shall stand. See Laws Transgression of the Laws by a batsman who has a runner and Penalty runs.

65

gg. Bowler does not get credit

The bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

hh. Hit wicket ii. Out hit wicket

i. The striker is out Hit wicket if, after the bowler has entered his delivery stride and while the ball is in play, his wicket is put down either by the striker's bat or by his person as described in Law Wicket put down. Either,

1. in the course of any action taken by him in preparing to receive or in receiving a delivery, or

2. in setting off for his first run immediately after playing, or playing at, the ball, or

3. if he makes no attempt to play the ball, in setting off for his first run, providing that in the opinion of the umpire this is immediately after he has had the opportunity of playing the ball, or

4. in lawfully making a second or further stroke for the purpose of guarding his wicket within the provisions of Law Ball lawfully struck more than once.

ii. If the striker puts his wicket down in any of the ways described in Laws Wicket put down before the bowler has entered his delivery stride, either umpire shall call and signal Dead ball.

jj. Not out hit wicket

Notwithstanding (a) above, the batsman is not out under this Law should his wicket be put down in any of the ways referred to in 1 above if

i. it occurs after he has completed any action in receiving the delivery, other than in a(i)(2), (3) or (4) above.

ii. it occurs when he is in the act of running, other than in setting off immediately for his first run.

iii. it occurs when he is trying to avoid being run out or stumped.

iv. it occurs while he is trying to avoid a throw-in at any time.

66

v. the bowler, after entering his delivery stride, does not deliver the ball. In this case either umpire shall immediately call and signal Dead ball. See Law Umpire calling and signaling dead ball.

vi. the delivery is a No ball.

kk. Hit the ball twicell. Out hit the ball twice

i. The striker is out Hit the ball twice if, while the ball is in play, it strikes any part of his person or is struck by his bat and, before the ball has been touched by a fielder, he willfully strikes it again with his bat or person, other than a hand not holding the bat, except for the sole purpose of guarding his wicket. See 3 below and Laws Handled the ball and Obstructing the field.

ii. For the purpose of this Law, 'struck' or 'strike' shall include contact with the person of the striker.

mm. Not out hit the ball twice

Notwithstanding a(i) above, the striker will not be out under this Law if

i. he makes a second or subsequent stroke in order to return the ball to any member of the fielding side. Note, however, the provisions of Law Returning the ball to the member of the fielding side.

ii. he willfully strikes the ball after it has touched a fielder. Note, however, the provisions of Law Out obstruct the field.

nn.Ball lawfully struck more than once

Solely in order to guard his wicket and before the ball has been touched by a fielder, the striker may lawfully strike the ball more than once with his bat or with any part of his person other than a hand not holding the bat. Notwithstanding this provision, the striker may not prevent the ball from being caught by making more than one stroke in defense of his wicket.

oo. Runs permitted on ball lawfully struck more than once

When the ball is lawfully struck more than once, as permitted in 3 above, only the first strike is to be considered in determining whether runs are to be allowed and how they are to be scored.

i. If on the first strike the umpire is satisfied that either

67

1. ball first struck the bat or,

2. striker attempted to play the ball with his bat or,

3. the striker tried to avoid being hit by the ball then any penalties to the batting side that are applicable shall be allowed.

ii. If the conditions in (i) above are met then, if they result from overthrows, and only if they result from overthrows, runs completed by the batsmen or a boundary will be allowed in addition to any penalties that are applicable. They shall be credited to the striker if the first strike was with the bat. If the first strike was on the person of the striker they shall be scored as Leg byes or No ball extras, as appropriate.

iii. If the conditions of (a) above are met and there is no overthrow until after the batsmen have started to run, but before one run is completed,

1. only subsequent completed runs or a boundary shall be allowed. The first run shall count as a completed run for this purpose only if the batsmen have not crossed at the instant of the throw.

2. if in these circumstances the ball goes to the boundary from the throw then, notwithstanding the provisions of Law Overthrow or willful act of fielder, only the boundary allowance shall be scored.

3. if the ball goes to the boundary as the result of a further overthrow, then runs completed by the batsmen after the first throw and before this final throw shall be added to the boundary allowance. The run in progress at the first throw will count only if they have not crossed at that moment; the run in progress at the final throw shall count only if they have crossed at that moment. Law Batsman returning to wicket he has left shall apply as from the moment of the final throw.

iv. If, in the opinion of the umpire, none of the conditions in (a) above have been met then, whether there is an overthrow or not, the batting side shall not be credited with any runs from that delivery apart from the penalty for a No ball if applicable.

68

Moreover, no other penalties shall be awarded to the batting side when the ball is dead.

v. Ball lawfully struck more than once – action by the umpire

If no runs are to be allowed, either in the circumstances of d(iv) above, or because there has been no overthrow and

vi. if no run is attempted but the ball reaches the boundary, the umpire shall call and signal Dead ball and disallow the boundary.

vii. if the batsmen run and

1. neither batsman is dismissed and the ball does not become dead for any other reason, the umpire shall call and signal Dead ball as soon as one run is completed or the ball reaches the boundary. The batsmen shall return to their original ends. The run or boundary shall be disallowed.

2. a batsman is dismissed, or if for any other reason the ball becomes dead before one run is completed or the ball reaches the boundary, all the provisions of the Laws will apply except that the award of penalties to the batting side shall be as laid down in d(i) or d(iv) above as appropriate.

viii. Bowler does not get the credit

The bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

pp. Leg before wicketqq. Not out LBW

Batsman is not out LBW. Refer to Law 12.6 (Dead ball called for LBW and Leg bye).

ICC rule 36 governs out LWB however in Tennisball Cricket this rules does not apply

69

The Wicket-keeper

Law 16: The Wicket-keeper a. Protective equipmentThe wicket-keeper is the only member of the fielding side permitted to wear gloves and helmet. If he does so, these are to be regarded as part of his person for the purposes of Law 17.2 (Fielding the ball). If by his actions and positioning it is apparent to the umpires that he will not be able to discharge his duties as a wicket-keeper, he shall forfeit this right and also the right to be recognized as a wicket-keeper for the purposes of Laws A fair catch, Stumped, Protective equipment, Limitation of on side fielders and Fielders not to encroach on the pitch.

ICC rule 40.1 indicates leg-guards and not the helmet as protective equipment. Tennisball cricket allows the wicket-keeper to wear helmet but not the leg-guards.

b. GlovesIf, as permitted by 1 above, the wicket-keeper wears gloves, they shall have no webbing between the fingers except joining index finger and thumb, where webbing may be inserted as a means of support. If used, the webbing shall be

c. a single piece of non-stretch material which, although it may have facing material attached, shall have no reinforcement or tucks.

d. such that the top edge of the webbing

i. does not protrude beyond the straight line joining the top of the index finger to the top of the thumb.

ii. is taut when a hand wearing the glove has the thumb fully extended.

e. Position of the wicket-keeperThe wicket-keeper shall remain wholly behind the wicket at the striker's end from the moment the ball comes into play until a single piece of non-stretch material which,

Law

16

f. ball delivered by the bowler either,

i. touches the bat or person of the striker, or

ii. passes the wicket at the striker's end, or

g. the striker attempts a run.

In the event of the wicket-keeper contravening this Law, the umpire at the striker's end shall call and signal No ball as soon as possible after the delivery of the ball.

h. Movement by the keeperIt is unfair if the wicket-keeper standing back makes a significant movement towards the wicket after the ball comes into play and before it reaches the striker. In the event of such unfair movement by the wicket-keeper either umpires shall call and signal Dead ball. It will not be considered a significant movement if the wicket-keeper moves few paces forward for a slower delivery.

i. Restrictions on action of wicket-keeperIf, in the opinion of either umpire, the wicket-keeper interferes with the striker's right to play the ball and to guard his wicket, Law Umpire calling and signaling dead ball shall apply. If, however, the umpire concerned considers that the interference by the wicket-keeper was willful, then Law Deliberate attempt to distract the striker shall apply.

j. Interference with wicket-keeper by the strikerIf, in playing at the ball or in the legitimate defense of his wicket, the striker interferes with the wicket-keeper, he shall not be out, except as provided for in Law Obstructing ball from being caught.

71

The fielder

Law 17: The fielder a. Protective equipmentNo member of the fielding side other than the wicket-keeper shall be permitted to wear gloves or external leg guards. In addition, protection for the hand or fingers may be worn only with the consent of the umpires. Exchange of the protective equipment shall be permitted provided that umpires do not consider that it constitutes a waste of time.

b. Fielding the ballA fielder may field the ball with any part of his person but if, while the ball is in play he willfully fields it otherwise,

k. the ball shall become dead and 5 penalty runs shall be awarded to the batting side. See Law Penalty runs. The ball shall not count as one of the over.

l. the umpire shall inform the other umpire, the captain of the fielding side, the batsmen and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

m. the umpires together shall report the occurrence as soon as possible to the Executive of the fielding side and any Governing Body responsible for the match who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player concerned.

c. Protective helmets belonging to the fielding sideProtective helmets, when not in use by fielders, shall only be placed, if above the surface, on the ground behind the wicket-keeper and in line with both sets of stumps. If a helmet belonging to the fielding side is on the ground within the field of play, and the ball while in play strikes it, the ball shall become dead. 5 penalty runs shall then be awarded to the batting side. See Laws Runs scored when ball becomes dead and Penalty runs.

Law

17

d. Penalty runs not to be awardedNotwithstanding 2 and 3 above, if from the delivery by the bowler the ball first struck the person of the striker and if, in the opinion of the umpire, the striker neither,

n. attempted to play the ball with his bat,

o. tried to avoid being hit by the ball,

then no award of 5 penalty runs shall be made and no other runs or penalties shall be credited to the batting side except the penalty for a No ball if applicable. See Law Leg byes not to be awarded.

e. Restrictions on placement of fieldersp. At the instant of the bowler's delivery there shall not be more than two

fielders, other than the wicket-keeper, behind the popping crease on the leg side. A fielder will be considered to be behind the popping crease unless the whole of his person, whether grounded or in the air, is in front of this line. In the event of infringement of this Law by the fielding side, the umpire at the striker's end shall call and signal No ball.

q. At the instance of the delivery there may not be more than 5 fielders on the leg side.

r. In the event of the infringement of any of the above the square leg umpire shall call and signal No ball.

There are other restrictions in ICC rules ODI playing conditions on number of fielders within the 30 yard circle in stipulated number of overs which do not apply to Tennisball Cricket.

f. Fielders not to encroach on the pitchWhile the ball is in play and until the ball has made contact with the bat or person of the striker, or has passed the striker's bat, no fielder, other than the bowler, may have any part of his person grounded on or extended over the pitch. In the event of infringement of this Law by any fielder other than the wicket-keeper, the umpire at the bowler's end shall call and signal No ball as soon as possible after the delivery of the ball. Note however, Law Position of wicket-keeper.

g. Movement by fieldersAny significant movement by any fielder after the ball comes into play and before the ball reaches the striker is unfair. In the event of such unfair movement either umpires shall call and signal Dead ball. Note also the provisions of Law Deliberate attempt to distract striker.

73

h. Definition of significant movements. For close fielders anything other than minor adjustments to stance or

position in relation to the striker is significant.

t. In the outfield, fielders are permitted to move in towards the striker or striker's wicket, provided that 5 above is not contravened. Anything other than slight movement off line or away from the striker is to be considered significant.

u. For restrictions on movement by the wicket-keeper see Law Movement by wicket-keeper.

74

Fair and unfair play

Law 18: Fair and unfair play a. Fair and unfair play – responsibilities of the captainThe responsibility lies with the captains for ensuring that play is conducted within the spirit and traditions of the game, as described in The Preamble – The Spirit of Cricket, as well as within the Laws.

b. Fair and unfair play – responsibilities of the umpiresThe umpires shall be the sole judges of fair and unfair play. If either umpire considers an action, not covered by the Laws, to be unfair, he shall intervene without appeal and, if the ball is in play, shall call and signal Dead ball and implement the procedure as set out in 18 below. Otherwise the umpires shall not interfere with the progress of play, except as required to do so by the Laws.

c. Deliberate attempt to distract the umpireIt is unfair for any member of the fielding side deliberately to attempt to distract the striker while he is preparing to receive or receiving a delivery.

d. If either umpire considers that any action by a member of the fielding side is such an attempt, at the first instance he shall

i. immediately call and signal Dead ball.

ii. warn the captain of the fielding side that the action is unfair and indicate that this is a first and final warning.

iii. inform the other umpire and the batsmen of what has occurred.Neither batsman shall be dismissed from that delivery and the ball shall not count as one of the over.

e. If there is any further such deliberate attempt in that innings, by any member of the fielding side, the procedures, other than warning, as set out in (a) above shall apply. Additionally, the umpire at the bowler's end shall

Law

18

i. award 5 penalty runs to the batting side. See 16 below.

ii. inform the captain of the fielding side of the reason for this action and, as soon as practicable, inform the captain of the batting side.

iii. report the occurrence, together with the other umpire, as soon as possible to the Executive of the fielding side and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

f. Deliberate distraction or obstruction of the batsmanIn addition to 4 above, it is unfair for any member of the fielding side, by word or action, willfully to attempt to distract or to obstruct either batsman after the striker has received the ball..

a. It is for either one of the umpires to decide whether any distraction or obstruction is willful or not.

b. If either umpire considers that a member of the fielding side has willfully caused or attempted to cause such a distraction or obstruction he shall

i. immediately call and signal Dead ball.

ii. immediately call and signal Dead ball., additionally

iii. neither batsman shall be dismissed from that delivery.

iv. 5 penalty runs shall be awarded to the batting side. See 16 below. In this instance, the run in progress shall be scored, whether or not the batsmen had crossed at the instant of the call. See Law Runs scored when ball becomes dead.

v. the umpire at the bowler's end shall inform the captain of the fielding side of the reason for this action and, as soon as practicable, inform the captain of the batting side.

vi. the ball shall not count as one of the over

vii. the batsmen at the wicket shall decide which of them is to face the next delivery

viii. the umpires shall report the occurrence as soon as possible to the Executive of the fielding side and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is

76

considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

g. Dangerous and unfair bowlingh. Bowling fast and short pitched balls

i. The bowling of fast short pitched balls is dangerous and unfair if the umpire at the bowler's end considers that by their repetition and taking into account their length, height and direction they are likely to inflict physical injury on the striker, irrespective of the protective equipment he may be wearing. The relative skill of the striker shall be taken into consideration.

ii. Notwithstanding (i) above, a bowler shall be permitted to one fast short pitched delivery per over.

iii. A fast short pitch delivery is defined as a ball that passes or would have passed above the shoulder height of the striker standing upright at the crease.

iv. The umpire at bowlers end shall advise the bowler and the batsman on strike when each fast short pitched delivery has been bowled.

v. In addition for the purpose of the regulation and subject to (v) below, a ball that passes above the head height of the batsman, that prevents him from being able to hit it with his bat by means of a normal cricket stroke shall be called a wide.

vi. In the event of a bowler bowling more than one fast short pitched delivery in an over as defined in clause (iii) above, the umpire at the bowlers end shall call and signal no ball on each occasion. A differential signal shall be used to signify a fast short pitched delivery. The umpire shall call and signal ‘no ball’ and then tap the head with the other hand.

vii. If the bowler bowls more than one fast and short pitched ball in an over, the umpire shall caution the bowler twice. The second warning will be the final warning, after which the umpire shall advise and direct the captain of the fielding side to take the bowler off. If necessary, the over shall be completed by another bowler, who shall neither have bowled the previous over, or part thereof, nor be allowed to bowl the next over, or part thereof. The bowler thus taken off should not be allowed to bowl later in

77

that innings. The umpire shall report this to the batsman and any Governing body organizing the match as soon as practicable.

viii. Any delivery which, after pitching, passes or would have passed over head height of the striker standing upright at the crease, although not threatening physical injury, shall be included with bowling under (i) both when the umpire is considering whether the bowling of fast short pitched balls has become dangerous and unfair and after he has so decided. The umpire shall call and signal No ball for each such delivery.

i. Bowling high full pitched balls

i. Any delivery, other than a slow paced one, which passes or would have passed on the full above waist height of the striker standing upright at the crease is deemed dangerous and unfair, whether or not is it likely to inflict physical injury on the striker.

ii. A slow delivery, which passes or would have passed on the full above shoulder height of the striker standing upright at the crease, is to be deemed dangerous and unfair, whether or not it is likely to inflict physical injury on the striker.

iii. In the event of a bowler bowling a high full pitched ball as defined in Clauses (a) above (i.e. a beamer), the umpire at the bowler’s end shall, in the first instance, call and signal no ball and when the ball is dead, caution the bowler and issue a first and final warning. The umpire shall inform the other umpire, the captain of the fielding side and the batsmen at the wicket of what has occurred.

iv. Should there be any further instance by the same bowler in that innings, the umpire shall call and signal no ball and when the ball is dead direct the captain to take the bowler off forthwith. If necessary, the over shall be completed by another bowler, who shall neither have bowled the previous over, or part thereof, nor be allowed to bowl the next over, or part thereof. The bowler thus taken off shall not be allowed to bowl again in that innings. The umpire shall report this to the batsman and any Governing body organizing the match as soon as practicable.

j. Dangerous and unfair bowling – action by the umpirek. The bowling of fast short pitched balls is unfair if in the opinion of the

umpire at the bowler’s end he considers that by their repetition and taking into account their length, height and direction, they are likely to

78

inflict physical injury on the striker, irrespective of the protective clothing and equipment he may be wearing. The relative skill of the striker shall also be taken into consideration.

l. In the event of such unfair bowling, the umpire at the bowler’s end shall adopt the following procedure:

i. In the first instance the umpire shall call and signal no ball, caution the bowler and inform the other umpire, the captain of the fielding side and the batsmen of what has occurred.

ii. If this caution is ineffective, he shall repeat the above procedure and indicate to the bowler that this is a final warning.

iii. Both the above caution and final warning shall continue to apply even though the bowler may later change ends.

iv. Should there be any further instance by the same bowler in that innings, the umpire shall call and signal no ball and when the ball is dead direct the captain to take the bowler off forthwith. If necessary, the over shall be completed by another bowler, who shall neither have bowled the previous over, or part thereof, nor be allowed to bowl the next over, or part thereof. See Law Bowler Incapacitated or Suspended during an Over. The bowler thus taken off shall not be able to bowl again in that innings. The umpire shall report this to the batsman and any Governing body organizing the match as soon as practicable.

m. Deliberate bowling of high full pitched ballsIf the umpire considers that a high full pitch which is deemed to be dangerous and unfair, as defined in 6(b) above, was deliberately bowled, then the caution and warning system shall be dispensed with. The umpire shall

a. call and signal No ball

b. direct the captain, when the ball is dead, to take the bowler off forthwith

c. not allow the bowler to bowl again in that innings

d. ensure that over is completed by another bowler, provided that bowler two overs of part thereof consecutively

e. report the incident to the Governing body of the match

79

n. Time wasting by fielding sideIt is unfair for any member of the fielding side to waste time.

a. If the captain of the fielding side wastes time, or allows any member of his side to waste time, or if the progress of an over is unnecessarily slow, at the first instance the umpire shall call and signal Dead ball if necessary and

i. warn the captain, and indicate that this is a first and final warning.

ii. inform the other umpire and the batsmen of what has occurred.

b. If there is any further waste of time in that innings, by any member of the fielding side, the umpire shall either

i. call and signal dead ball if necessary

ii. award 5 penalty runs to the batting side

iii. inform the other umpire, the batsmen and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

iv. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and team concerned.

o. Batsman wasting timeIt is unfair for a batsman to waste time. In normal circumstances the striker should always be ready to take strike when the bowler is ready to start his run up.

a. Should either batsman waste time by failing to meet this requirement, or in any other way, the following procedure shall be adopted. At the first instance, either before the bowler starts his run up or when the ball is dead, as appropriate, the umpire shall

i. warn the batsman and indicate that this is a first and final warning. This warning shall continue to apply throughout the innings. The umpire shall so inform each incoming batsman.

ii. inform the other umpire, the other batsman and the captain of the fielding side of what has occurred.

80

iii. inform the other umpire, the other batsman and the captain of the fielding side of what has occurred.

b. if there is any further time wasting by any batsman in that innings, the umpire shall, at the appropriate time while the ball is dead

i. award 5 penalty runs to the fielding side. See 16 below.

ii. inform the other umpire, the other batsman, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

iii. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to the Executive of the batting side and to any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players and, if appropriate, the team concerned.

a. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and team concerned.

p. Damaging the pitch – area to be protectedq. It is incumbent on all players to avoid unnecessary damage to the

pitch. It is unfair for any player to cause deliberate damage to the pitch.

r. An area of the pitch, to be referred to as 'the protected area', is defined as that area contained within a rectangle bounded at each end by imaginary lines parallel to the popping creases and 5ft/1.52m in front of each and on the sides by imaginary lines, one each side of the imaginary line joining the centers of the two middle stumps, each parallel to it and 1ft/30.48cm from it.

s. Bowler running on the pitcht. If the bowler, after delivering the ball, runs on the protected area as

defined in 10(b) above, the umpire shall at the first instance, and when the ball is dead,

i. caution the bowler. This caution shall continue to apply throughout the innings.

ii. inform the other umpire, the captain of the fielding side and the batsmen of what has occurred.

81

u. If, in that innings, the same bowler runs on the protected area again after delivering the ball, the umpire shall repeat the above procedure, indicating that this is a final warning.

v. If, in that innings, the same bowler runs on the protected area a third time after delivering the ball, when the ball is dead the umpire shall

i. direct the captain of the fielding side to take the bowler off forthwith. If applicable, the over shall be completed by another bowler, who shall neither have bowled the previous over nor be allowed to bowl the next over. The bowler thus taken off shall not be allowed to bowl again in that innings.

ii. inform the other umpire, the batsmen and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

iii. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and bowler concerned.

w. Fielder damaging the pitchx. If any fielder causes avoidable damage to the pitch, other than as in

11(a) above, at the first instance the umpire shall, when the ball is dead,

i. caution the captain of the fielding side, indicating that this is a first and final warning. This caution shall continue to apply throughout the innings.

ii. inform the other umpire and the batsmen of what has occurred.

y. If there is any further avoidable damage to the pitch by any fielder in that innings, the umpire shall, when the ball is dead,

i. award 5 penalty runs to the batting side. See 16 below.

ii. inform the other umpire, the batsmen, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

iii. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to the Executive of the fielding side and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

82

z. Batsman damaging the pitchaa. If either batsman causes avoidable damage to the pitch, at the first

instance the umpire shall, when the ball is dead,

i. caution the batsman. This caution shall continue to apply throughout the innings. The umpire shall so inform each incoming batsman.

ii. inform the other umpire, the other batsman, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side.

bb. If there is a second instance of avoidable damage to the pitch by any batsman in that innings

i. the umpire shall repeat the above procedure, indicating that this is a final warning.

ii. additionally he shall disallow all runs to the batting side from that delivery other than the penalty for a No ball or a Wide, if applicable. The batsmen shall return to their original ends.

cc. If there is any further avoidable damage to the pitch by any batsman in that innings, the umpire shall, when the ball is dead,

i. disallow all runs to the batting side from that delivery other than the penalty for a No ball or a Wide, if applicable. The batsmen shall return to their original ends.

ii. additionally award 5 penalty runs to the fielding side. See 17 below.

iii. inform the other umpire, the other batsman, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of what has occurred.

iv. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to the Executive of the batting side and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

dd. Bowler attempting to run out non-striker before deliveryThe bowler is permitted, before entering his delivery stride, to attempt to run out the non-striker. The ball shall not count in the over. The umpire shall call and signal Dead ball as soon as possible if the bowler fails in the attempt to run out the non-striker.

83

ee. Batsman stealing a runIt is unfair for the batsmen to attempt to steal a run during the bowler's run up. Unless the bowler attempts to run out either batsman – see 14 above and Law Bowler throwing towards the strikers end before delivery – the umpire shall,

a. call and signal Dead ball as soon as the batsmen cross in any such attempt.

b. return the batsmen to their original ends.

c. award 5 penalty runs to the fielding side. See 16 below.

d. inform the other umpire, the batsmen, the captain of the fielding side and, as soon as practicable, the captain of the batting side of the reason for the action taken.

e. report the occurrence, with the other umpire, as soon as possible to any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players concerned.

ff. Penalty runsa. When penalty runs are awarded to either side, when the ball is dead

the umpire shall signal the penalty runs to the scorers.

b. Notwithstanding the provisions of Law 5.21 (Winning hit or extras), penalty runs shall be awarded in each case where the Laws require the award. Note, however, that the restrictions on awarding penalty runs in Laws Leg byes not to be awarded, Runs permitted from ball struck lawfully more than once and Law Penalty runs not to be awarded will apply.

c. When 5 penalty runs are awarded to the batting side, under either Law player returning without permission or The fielder or under 3, 4, 8 or 12 above, then

i. they shall be scored as penalty extras and shall be in addition to any other penalties.

ii. they shall not be regarded as runs scored from either the immediately preceding delivery or the following delivery, and shall be in addition to any runs from those deliveries.

iii. the batsmen shall not change ends solely by reason of the 5 run penalty.

84

b. When 5 penalty runs are awarded to the fielding side, under Law deliberate short runs, or as in 9, 13 or 15 above, they shall be added as penalty extras to that side's total of runs in its most recently completed innings. If the fielding side has not completed an innings, the 5 penalty extras shall be added to its next innings.

gg. Players conductIf there is any breach of the Spirit of the Game by a player failing to comply with the instructions of an umpire, or criticizing his decisions by word or action, or showing dissent, or generally behaving in a manner which might bring the game into disrepute, the umpire concerned shall immediately report the matter to the other umpire.

The umpires together shall,

a. inform the player's captain of the occurrence, instructing the latter to take action.

b. warn him of the gravity of the offence, and tell him that it will be reported to higher authority.

c. report the occurrence as soon as possible to the Executive of the player's team and any Governing Body responsible for the match, who shall take such action as is considered appropriate against the captain and player or players, and, if appropriate, the team concerned.

85

Q & A:

What constitutes injury during the match?Q. If, during the match, a player aggravates an injury sustained before the match, should the umpires regard this as ‘injury during the current match’, qualifying him for a runner and/or a substitute?

A. Since umpires have no special medical expertise, they must assume that if a player is nominated he is fit to play. Accordingly, if his condition worsens a substitute/runner can be allowed.

Replacing a runnerQ. The Law states that a runner should if possible have already batted. This is clearly not possible when one of the opening batsmen is injured and is permitted a runner. If the other opening batsman is dismissed before the injured one, should he immediately replace the runner?

A. There are two reasons why the Law lays down that a runner should have batted already (if possible). The first is that it is clearly undesirable that a batsman soon to come in himself should have either prior experience of the light and other conditions or sight of the bowling. The second is that it is also clearly undesirable for a runner to be changed, to bring in a fresh player instead of a tired one. Becoming tired is a factor of some significance in the development of a batsman’s innings and one that a batsman who is not injured has to contend with. It is therefore good practice to insist that if a runner cannot have batted already, he should be one from quite low in the batting order. The likelihood is then that the need to change the runner will not arise. If the other opener were to be dismissed very shortly after the injury, it might then be suitable for him to replace the first runner. The umpire must use his judgment. In general, however, the original runner should stay unless he himself is injured, the approach of his own innings requires that there should be at least some gap before he comes to the wicket or there is a significant break in play, when a change would be appropriate.

Score when fielder returning without permission handles the ballQ. The ball is traveling towards the boundary. It has not quite reached it when it is picked up by a previously absent fielder coming back on to the field without

Appendix

A

permission. His feet are clearly grounded outside the boundary line as he does so.Obviously 5 penalty runs are to be awarded and will be additional to any other runs. Would ‘any other runs’ include a boundary 4 because the fielder was in contact with the ground outside the boundary when he fielded the ball?

A. It is true that, in general, if one and the same act contravenes two Laws, both penalties will apply. Here however, that situation does not arise. For a boundary either the ball itself, or a fielder in contact with the ball, must be on or over the boundary. This cannot apply to the returning player. Since he has not had permission to return he is not a fielder. As he handled the ball while it was in play, 5 penalty runs will be awarded, but the fact that he was in contact with the boundary is irrelevant. Runs completed by the batsmen, plus the run in progress if they had crossed at the moment he came into contact with the ball, together with a 1 run penalty if No ball or Wide had been called, would be added to the 5 penalty runs as normal.

Injured striker runs even though he has a runnerQ. An injured striker has a runner. The runner remains within his ground at the striker’s end, but the injured striker andthe non-striker both run, and both make good the ground at the opposite end. Should this run be allowed?

A.No. If the injured striker’s ground is always at the wicket-keeper’s end. Even though he grounds his bat behind the crease at the bowler’s end, he has not made good his ground .

Umpires as final judges of fitness of ground, weather and lightQ. The umpires pronounced the pitch unfit but, when the captains insisted, allowed play to take place under. How can the umpires be the final judges of the fitness of the ground, weather and light for play? What allows the captains nevertheless to decide whether play is to take place or not?

A. The umpires are the final judges of the fitness of the ground weather and light for play. At no time do the captains have the power to decide on the suitability of the conditions for play. It is the umpires who decide in each case which of the three categories applies to the conditions. If they consider that conditions are at level 1 (suitable) the captains have no choice; they have to play. If the umpires decide that conditions are at level 3 (unreasonable or dangerous), the captains have no choice; they will not be allowed to play. It is only when the umpires decide that conditions are at level 2 (unsuitable), that the captains have any powers. The total extent of the captains’ powers is to have the choice

87

of whether to play or not in conditions classed as ‘unsuitable’, and then only if they agree that they both wish to play. It should be noted that in the case of unsuitable light conditions, agreement between the captains is not required. The captain of the batting side alone has the option of deciding independently whether play should take place, and again this option is available only when light conditions are classed as ‘unsuitable’.

Conditions for Caught if the striker is not wearing glovesQ. If a batsman is not wearing gloves how does this affect the possibility of his being caught? An essential requirement for the striker’s being caught is that the ball has touched his bat.

A. The hand is part of the bat, or the whole of a glove on the hand holding the bat is part of the bat. Moreover, he has to be ‘holding’ the bat. Without a glove therefore, the ball touching his hand, but not his wrist or arm, will make him liable to being caught, providing his hand is in contact with the bat.

Batting side’s entitlement to whole boundary allowance when more than needed to winQ. The scores are level and the striker hits the ball which goes over the boundary. Is it true that if the batsmen have already crossed before the ball crosses the boundary, then they will only score the one run?

A. No it is not true. The fact that the batsmen have crossed in running does not mean that they have completed a run, nor even that the part run will count. If the number of physically completed runs is fewer than the allowance, the boundary overrides the runs. Whether there is a run in progress or not has no relevance.

Ball caught or deflected by fielder before delivery reaches wicketQ. The bowler delivers the ball fairly but wide of the wicket. What is the situation if, before reaching the line of the striker’s wicket, the ball is (a) Caught by a fielder, who then throws the ball to put down either wicket, with the batsman out of his ground. Is the batsman run out?(b) Deflected by a fielder on to either wicket with the batsman out of his ground. Is the batsman out?(c) Deflected by a fielder but not on to a wicket? Could the batsmen run?

A. In each case, the answer is No. The fielder catching the ball before it reaches the striker is to be considered as a case of the ball coming to rest before reaching the line of the striker’s wicket. The umpire should call No ball and then immediately call Dead ball.

Pad-bat strikes

88

1. If the ball first hits the pad and then the bat, the striker can be out Caught.2. If the ball first hits the pad, then the ground and then the bat, the striker cannot be out Caught.

Catching the ball vis-à-vis completing the catchHow is it possible for a fielder to catch the ball but subsequently touch the boundary while carrying the ball but before completing the catch?

A fielder catches the ball when he takes it in the air from a stroke of the bat. He does not complete the catch until he has established both forms of complete control(i) over the ball and(ii) over his own movement

Wicket broken by piece breaking off batAs the striker plays the ball, a sizeable chunk of his bat breaks off, flies back and dislodges a bail. Is he out?

No. Laws Wicket put down and Out Hit wicket both use the words ‘by the striker’s bat’ in specifying how the wicket can be put down. Therefore part of his bat does not qualify.

RULE : If the ball accidentally touches an item of clothing which has been consciously taken off or a helmet, irrespective of how it has been removed the ball has been unfairly fielded. The ball becomes dead, a 5-run penalty is awarded but no report is to be made.

89