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Telecom OSS/BSS Overview Prepared by : Magid Fatehy Telecom OSS Team Leader at Giza Systems www.magid.tk

Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

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Page 1: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Telecom OSS/BSS

Overview

Prepared by : Magid Fatehy

Telecom OSS Team Leader at Giza Systems

www.magid.tk

Page 2: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Before we Begin

• This presentation is a very high level

overview for the most Telecom OSS/BSS

components.

• Any information or examples in the

presentation are not related to a specific

operator or vendor.

• Any similarity with any implementation is

not intended.

Page 3: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Agenda

General Concepts

Data Collection

Mediation

Billing

SS7 Monitoring

Revenue Assurance

Fraud Management

Fulfillment / Provisioning

Number Portability Management

Page 4: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

General Concepts

Numbering Plan +20 10 1234567

• + or 00 To dial international number

• 20 Egypt prefix

• 10 Vodafone prefix

• 1234567 Subscriber number

Page 5: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Call Scenario

Local Internal Trunks Internal Trunks Local

Loop Loop

Toll Exchange or Tandem Switch : connects multiple switches

to route the calls

Page 6: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

CDR / EDR / xDR

• CDR: Call Detail Record

• Generally called EDR (E for Event) or xDR

• The switch generate the EDR which contain mainly

• A#: Calling Number

• B#: Called Number

• Duration: Call Duration

• Start Date Time: Date & Time of the call

There are a lot of other fields generated in the EDR depending on the

event type; Voice call, Video call, SMS, MMS, etc.

Page 7: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring

Revenue Assurance

Provisioning / Service Fulfillment

Interconnect Billing System(s)

Main OSS / BSS Components

CRM

Contact

Management

Order

Management

Service

Activation

Retail Billing System(s)

Rating BillingBill

ProductionMediation

Fraud Management

Network

Inventory

Data

Collection

Call Center

Test Call Generator

Switch

Collection

Workforce

Management

Loyalty &

Retention

Page 8: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Data Collection

Data Collection Design

Page 9: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

• Alcatel OCB, HC3.1, HC3.2, HC3.4

• Siemens EWSD

• Lucent 5ESS

• Ericsson AXE, AXD

• Nortel DMS

• Huawei UNO, CDMA, C&C08

• ZTE UNO, CDMA

Data Collection (Cont.)

Exchanges Types

Page 10: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Data Collection (Cont.)

Billing Files Types

AMA (Automatic Message Accounting)

• Contain the detailed events information

(EDRs)

METER

• Contain the subscriber number and his

counters (pulsing)

• Obsolete

Page 11: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Data Collection (Cont.)

Front Collector (FC) Function

Interact with the exchange by its network protocol

(X.25, Ethernet, etc)

Polling data files

Data files storage

The process is not just file coping, it is a self

managed process,

Automated scheduling of collection, automated

failure recovery, etc

Page 12: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Data Collection (Cont.)

Central Access Network Server (CANS)

Polling Files from FCs

Transferring Files to Mediation

Billing Files Storage

Page 13: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation

Page 14: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation (Cont.)

Set of pre processing functions that are applied to EDRs and other billing related records. Provide the mediated data to the end systems:

• Retail Billing • Interconnect Billing • Revenue Assurance & Fraud Management • Data Warehouse

What is Mediation ?

Page 15: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation (Cont.)

Collection and Archive From Data Collections or from the switches (in another setup)

Parsing Applying The Business Rules

Main Mediation Functions

Page 16: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation (Cont.)

The process of decoding the input files and transforming it to the required format by the end system

The Input files formats: ASCII (Delimited, Fixed Size) Binary (Fixed block size / variable block

size)

Parsing / Reformatting

Page 17: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation (Cont.)

Normalization • e.g.: Numbers Format, Time Format

Filtration • e.g.: Zero call durations, Non billing CRDs

Correlation & Aggregation • e.g.: OVERFLOW calls, Long call duration

Duplicate Detection Data Enrichment

Applying The Business Rules

Page 18: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Mediation (Cont.)

Reporting • e.g.: Number of CDRs in specific switch per

day, month, etc.

Error Processing • Errors reporting & reprocessing.

Auditing & Reporting

Page 19: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Billing

Retail Billing (“Billing” only)

• For postpaid subscribers

Interconnect Billing (Wholesale

Billing)

• For other network operators

Page 20: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Retail Billing

Rating

• Rate each EDR with the corresponding rate

Billing

• Calculate the fixed charges, discounts, etc

(Bill Cycle)

Bill Production

• Produce and print the invoices

Collection & Payment

• Can be a part of billing system or a dedicated

system

Page 21: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Retail Billing (Cont.)

The rate Depend On :

•Service Type (Voice, SMS, MMS, etc)

•Destination (Local, Mobile,

International, etc)

•Time of the call (Peak, Off Peak)

•Subscriber's rate plan

Page 22: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing

Network Operator (NOP)

Path

Node

Point of interconnect

OrganisationGroup

Franchise 1

NetworkAddress

Franchise 2

InterconnecT Owner

Network Operator (NOP)

Path

NodeNode

Point of interconnectPoint of interconnect

OrganisationGroup

Franchise 1

NetworkAddress

Franchise 2

InterconnecT Owner

Interconnection Terminology

Page 23: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing (Cont.)

NOP

Interconnect Owner

Call Direction ‘To’

Invoice is based on the NOP’s charge for terminating a call

Invoice Direction ‘From’

Payment Direction

Interconnection Scenario

Page 24: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing (Cont.)

Call Types

Outgoing (Retail & Interconnect)

Transit (Interconnect)

Operator A Interconnect

Owner

Operator B

Incoming (Interconnect)

Retail

Page 25: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing (Cont.)

Interconnect Process

Network Operator

Reconciliation Settlement

Incoming Statement

Outgoing Statement

Call Detail Records

Summary Pricing

Invoice

Invoice

Negotiations

Negotiations

Network Operator

Payment

Page 26: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing (Cont.)

• Direct Incoming / Outgoing

• Indirect Incoming / Outgoing

• Traditional Transit

• Reverse Incoming / Outgoing (Free Phone)

• Refile / Hubbing

Call Scenarios

Page 27: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Interconnect Billing (Cont.)

• The international interconnection agreements differ than

the national interconnection agreements in many

aspects. e.g.

• National: Invoices

• International: Declaration

International Agreements

Page 28: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Optimized Routing

• A system which dynamically update the

routing table on the switch to select the best

route to every destination.

• The best route can be determined based on

the price, line quality, interconnect agreement

conditions, etc.

• The Optimized Routing system gets feeds

from interconnect billing and SS7 monitoring

to select the best route and update switches.

Page 29: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring

SS7 Protocol

• Signaling protocol between network

elements (Switches)

SS7 Monitoring Solutions

• Monitor the signals between switches and generate reports / Build EDRs from these information.

Page 30: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring (Cont.)

Switch A Switch B

SS7 Monitoring Solution

Probes

Page 31: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring (Cont.)

(1) IAM [called #]

(2) ACM

(3) ANM

Switch A

(4) REL

(5) RLC

Switch B

Signals for a call from Switch A to Switch B

Page 32: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring (Cont.)

SS7 Monitoring Importance

For Network Analysis

Based on SS7 signals reports

• Identify network problems (e.g. Congestion)

• Identify Routing

• Control and increase the Quality of Service; QoS

• Planning future extendibility of the network

Page 33: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

SS7 Monitoring (Cont.)

SS7 Monitoring Importance

For Revenue Assurance

Based on the EDRs built from SS7 signals

• Compare SS7 signaling EDRs with Switch

EDRs

• Identify possible fraud

Page 34: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Revenue Assurance

Revenue Assurance focus on detection

& correction of data discrepancies

between the operator‘s systems &

processes

RA get feeds from all systems and

apply a reconciliation to ensure that there

is no revenue loss in any system.

Page 35: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Revenue Assurance (Cont.)

Page 36: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Revenue Assurance (Cont.)

Revenue Assurance Types:

1. Usage Assurance • Reconcile the traffic (EDRs) between the systems;

Switches, Mediation and Billing.

• e.g. Compare the pre mediated EDRs (switches

EDRs) with post mediated EDRs (after mediation)

to ensure the mediation process.

Page 37: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Revenue Assurance (Cont.)

Revenue Assurance Types:

2. Subscription Assurance • Reconcile the subscribers’ profiles between the

switches and billing to avoid:

1. Under Billing: subscribers have the service but

not charged for it (exist in the switch but not

exist in the billing)

2. Over billing: an opposite of Under Billing

Page 38: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Revenue Assurance (Cont.)

RA System Life Cycle

Files

from all

Systems Transformation RA

Database

Measures

KPIs

Reports

Dashboard

The transformation specification for each file called a Parser Number of Parsers = Numbers of different input formats

Page 39: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Test Call Generator

• Can be considered under RA umbrella.

• Generate test calls to test any new service,

network element, route, etc.

• Generate calls using a pre configured

parameters; time, duration, destination, etc.

• Feed the RA with the log of generated calls and

RA reconcile it with switch EDRs to ensure the

correct charging.

Page 40: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Fraud Management

•Fraud management system focus on

detection any abnormal behavior

(pattern) within the network.

•Fraud management system apply

rules to detect any abnormal

behavior and fire alarms in a near real time fashion.

Page 41: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Fraud Management (Cont.)

Rules Examples

• If a subscriber makes 100 international

calls per day Fire an alarm

• If a new subscriber makes GSM calls by

1000 EGP per day Fire an alarm

Page 42: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Fraud Management (Cont.)

Examples of Fraud Types

1. Call Selling

a) The fraudster get a normal home phone.

b) Offers cheap rate international calls to public

c) Escapes away without paying the bills

• Pattern: Huge international traffic for different countries from a normal home user

Page 43: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Fraud Management (Cont.)

Examples of Fraud Types

2. Cloning

A. The fraudster clone a SIM card to another SIM

B. Fraudster make huge calls using the new SIM

C. The operator bills the original legitimate subscriber for these calls and he refused to pay

• Pattern: Two calls from the same numbers in the same time

Page 44: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Fulfillment / Provisioning

• Fulfillment / Provisioning is the automation

process for providing the services to the

customer.

• The process starting from the customer order

till activation the services on the network and

billing.

Page 45: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

The Old Manual Process

Customer Service Office

PBXShipping

$

Billing System

Copy

Shipping

Work

Order

Customer

TE CallCenter

Agent

Work Order

Switch

Page 46: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

The Automated Process

CRM

Channels:

IVR

Web Site

Call Center

Customer Point

eTopup Channels

Provisioning

Sub Systems:

Network Inventory

Service Activation

Workforce Management

Billing

Network

Customer

Page 47: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

• The provisioning process contain of multiple

subsystems organized by a process workflow.

• The Provisioning / fulfillment solution can be

implemented as a suite or separated systems

integrated together.

• The level of automation is dependent on the

implementation of the provisioning systems.

Page 48: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

Service Activation

• The system who activate the service on the network

element (Switches)

• Interact with the different network elements by different

languages & commands

Page 49: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

Network Inventory

• Holds all detailed information about the network

elements (switches, ports, cables, etc.)

• Using this information, the operator can

determine the best way for providing the service.

e.g. what is the shortest route to connect two

sites using the leased line.

Page 50: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Provisioning (Cont.)

Workforce Management System

• Distribute the work orders automatically on the

labor for providing a service or solving a problem.

• Distribution can be based on location,

capabilities, tools availability, work load, etc.

Page 51: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

• The Number Portability is the ability for

subscribers to change their service provider

(Telecom Operator) without changing their

phone numbers.

• e.g. Mobinil (012 1234567) Vodafone (012

1234567)

Page 52: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

Number Portability Management

Systems

• NPC: Number Portability Clearinghouse

• NPG: Number Portability Gateway

Page 53: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

Number Portability Clearinghouse (NPC)

• Centralized reference database for ported

numbers.

• Existing at the Regulator.

• Mange the portability process between the

Telecom Operators.

Page 54: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

Number Portability Gateway (NPG)

• The interface of Number Portability service at

each Telecom Operator.

• Mange the portability process between the

Telecom Operator & NPC.

Page 55: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

Call Routing Types

1. Indirect

Each call to a ported number

should go to the original operator

(Donor) and he forward it to the

Recipient operator.

Page 56: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Number Portability Management

Call Routing Types

2. Direct

Each operator know where the

ported number be and forward the

call direct to his new network.

Page 57: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Finally, We Cover

General Concepts

Data Collection

Mediation

Billing

SS7 Monitoring

Revenue Assurance

Fraud Management

Fulfillment / Provisioning

Number Portability Management

Page 58: Telecom OSS/BSS Overview

Thanks to all my colleagues who help me for preparing this

presentation.