LESSON 28

LESSON 28.

NASLOV: The nation's health

In Britain, when you're ill, you go to a doctor near your home. Doctors are men and women, and you can say who you prefer. You usually only spend about ten minutes with the doctor. They can usually say what the matter is very quickly, and often give you a prescription for some medicine. You get this at the chemist's shop. If not, they may suggest you go to a specialist. Most people only go to their doctor when they're ill. People with colds and coughs don't go to their doctor but to the chemist, to buy medicine. Doctors only come to your home when you're very ill. In an emergency you can call an ambulance on 999. The ambulance takes you to hospital for treatment. Friends and relatives visit you to hospital at certain hours of day, but they don't stay there. You don't pay for the visit to the doctor or to the hospital in Britain, but when you work you pay a goverment tax for your medical care. You also pay for prescriptions if you're over 18.NASLOV: Holiday health

Many people travel to foreign countries to find the sun. So sunburn and sunstroke are common holiday complaints. You shouldn't stay in the sun too long. In very hot countries, you should stay out of the sun at midday for at least two hours. It is a good idea to sit in the shade if you can and wear a hat. If you lie in the sun you should use suncream. And remember, you can burn under water! If you stay in the sun too long without a hat, you can get sunstroke which can be quite serious. You have a high temperature and a headache. If you get these symptoms, you should lie down in a cool place, drink a lot of water and take an aspirin. If your temperature stays high, you should call a doctor.In some countries, insects, especially mosquitoes, are a health danger. You can wear long trousers and shirt sleeves to protect your arms and legs. You can also buy special cream to keep mosquitoes away from your body. At night, it's not a good idea to leave windows open when there are lights. In some countries, mosquitoes are dangerous because they carry malaria. When you go to these countries you should take medicine every day.LESSON 29.NASLOV: .....

1. Britain is smaller than Sweden.

2. Thailand is hotter than Sweden.

3. Britain is drier than Thailand.

4. Thailand has the biggest armed forces of the three countries.

5. The children in Thailand are older when they start school than the children in Sweden.

6. Sweden is the coldest of the three countries.

7. Thailand is bigger than Britain.

8. It's wetter in Thailand than in Britain.

9. The average temperature in Thailand in January is 25 C.

10. The highest point in Great Britain is 1.343 m.

11. The average annual rainfall in the UK is 600 mm.

12. The UK covers land area of 242.429 sq km.

13. The maximum speed on motorways in France is 130 kph.

14. New York City's coastline is 920 km long.

15. One litre of water weighs 1 kg.

NASLOV: Brazil

Brazil is the world's fourth largest country after Canada, China, and the USA. It borders every country in South America except Chile and Ecuador. Its surface area is 81/2 milion sq km. It covers almost half of the South American continent. The world's second longest river is the Amazon. It is 6300 km long. It crosses Brazil and carries 20% of the world's fresh water. It's the world's widest river and it covers the largest area.

Brazil's population is around 140 milion. It is the country with the highest population in South America and the 6th highest in the world. It is not very densely populated, with an average of only 15 people per sq km. Most of the population is concentrated along the coast and in the cities.Three out of four Brazilians now live in cities. Sao Paulo is South America's biggest city. It has over 15 milion people. Rio de Janeiro, with over 10 milion people is smaller than Sao Paulo but it is more densely populated

The Brazilian winter is from June to August, but it is only cold south of Rio, where the average temperature during the winter months is between 13 C and 18 C. The warmest months are from December to February. The Amazon basin receives the most rainfall, but it is not very hot the average temperature is 27 C; but it is humid.

LESSON 30.

NASLOV: ...1) Horseriding is very expensive. Yes, it's the most expensive sport I can think of.

2) Motor racing is very dangerous. Yes' it's more dangerous than skiing.

3) Football is very popular. Yes, it's more popular than tennis.

4) Windsurfing is very difficult. Yes, it's one of the most difficult sports I can think of.

5) Swimming is very tiring. Yes, it's the most tiring sport in the world.

NASLOV: ...

In 1966 Shizo-Kanakuri finished the Olympic marathon in record time. To run the 42 kilometres, he took 54 years, 8 months, 6 days, 8 hours and 32 minutes. He started in 1912 in Stockholm, and after a few miles he saw some people having a drink. He was thirsty too, so he joined them. He than caugh the tram back to the Stockholm, made a reservation into a hotel, got a boat to the Japan, got married, had six children and ten grandchildren. Then he went back to the place where he stopped for a drink in 1912 and finished the marathon for Japan.Adapted from 'The Return of Heroic Failures', by Stephen Pile.

NASLOV:.....

1. Horse riding is the most expensive sport.

2. Baseball is more popular in the US than in Britain.

3. The most populat sport in France is cycling.

4. Hang gliding is one of the most dangerous sports in the world.

5. Motor racing is more exciting than horseracing.

6. Tennis is more fashionable than football.

7. Motor racing is the most exciting sport in the world.

8. Golf is the most difficult game to understand.

9. Baseball is the most interesting sport I know.

10. The most dangerous sport is horse riding.

11. Skiing is not as fashionable as tennis.

NASLOV: .....

The weather is better.

The food is better in particular, the fish is fishier, and the soups soupier.

The light is brighter.

The snow is whiter.

The people are more polite and seem happier.

The wine is cheaper.

The buildings are more beautiful.

The sea is warmer.

The bars keep more civilised hours.

The men are more good-looking and the women more sophisticaded.

The street life is livier.

Cakes and fateaux are more mouthwatering.

The smells are more exotic.

The sounds are more exciting.

The markets are more interesting and their cheeses cheesier.

The language is more expressive.

The monuments are more monumental.

The scenery is more spectacular with the hills and mountains higher and flat bits flatter.

And so many ordinary things are different breakfest, street signs, shops, clothes, children, the ringing of telephones, matches, bread, shop assistants, bank clerks that nothing is ordinary at all.

LESSON 31.NASLOV: --- In parts od Africa you must ask if you want to take a photograph od someone.

In Japan you must take off your shoes when you go into someone's house.

In Saudi Arabia women must cover their heads in public.

In Britain you mustn't point at people.

In Japan you mustn't look people in the eye.

In China you mustn't kiss in public.

In Taiwan you must give a gift with both hands.

In France you must shake hands when you meet someone.

Listen to James, who's Australian, talking about some of the advice and rules in 'When in Rome'. Mark the statements he talks about.

1. Children mustn't play near the road.

2. You must be quiet in the library.

3. You must keep your wallet in a safe place.

4. Men must take off their hats in a church.

5. You mustn't give a gift with one hand in Taiwan.

6. You mustn't wear shoes in a Japanese home.

NASLOV: Opening hours

A

8 am to 8 pm from 1st October to 30th of April

10 am to 10 pm from 1st of May to 30th September

Rules:

Put litter in bins; no golf; no cycling; keep your dog on a lead.

You are not allowed to: sleep overnight on the benches; stay inside after closing time; walk on the flower beds; climb the trees.

B

10 am to 7.30 pm on weekdays

9am to 9.30 pm at weekends

Rules:

You must wear proper swimsuits, shorts are not allowed; an adult must stay with children under siy(?) at all times; no running or jumping; no somink(?) in the pool area; food and drink are not allowed near the pool.NASLOV: ----

You mustn't smoke or use a computer during take off and landing. (In a plane)

You mustn't give food to the animals. (at a zoo)

You mustn't leave your bags unattended. (at an airport)

You must have a shower before you go in. (at a swimming pool)

You must keeps dogs on a lead. (in a park)

You must wear a seat belt. (in a car)

You mustn't talk. (in an exam)

You mustn't use your hands. (during a football match)

You mustn't make a noise in a library.

You mustn't walk on the grass.

You must have a visa to enter some countries.

You mustn't go into a pub without an adult.

You mustn't smoke in the classroom.

You must take your shoes off when you go into a mosque.

You must always carry your identity card in some countries.

You mustn't take a mobile phone into exams.

LESSON 32.

NASLOV: ----

Dear David and Anna,

Hi! How are you? We're having a wonderful time in London. We're staying in a hotel in the centre of London. We've only been here four days but we've done so much already. We've watched the Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace and we've listened to a concert in St James' Park. We've visited St Paul's Cathedral, but not Westminster Abbey. We've climbed Tower Bridge (you can see it on this postcard) and we've been to Greenwich by boat, but we haven't been to Hampstead yet. We're going there tomorrow. See you soon!

NASLOV: ----

1. A cathedral is the most important church in a city.

2. You cross a river by going over a bridge or by taking a boat.

3. When you climb something, you go up it.

4. A park is a public place in a town, with trees and grass.

5. The view from a building is what you can see from it.

NASLOV: Jobs are my career

Jane Brooks has had fifty-four jobs in four years and still hasn't found her ideal career. She has been a model, a waitress, an actress, a nanny and a ticked seller. The shorter job she had was as a cook in a canteen. She left it after just two hours. The longest job she had was as a zoo-keeper. She stayed in that job four months. Jane, 23 of Southampton, is now working in telesales. She says, 'I just haven't found a career I really enjoy. I'll keep trying different jobs until I do.'

NASLOV: ----

1. Have you ever been to a football match?

2. Have you ever drunk champagne?

3. Have you ever driven a Mercedes?

4. Have you ever seen a fim star?

5. Have you ever worn a hat?

6. Have you ever been in a plane?

7. Have you ever eaten traditional English food?

NASLOV: ---

1. A: Where' Peter gone? I've phoned him three times this week and he's not at home.B: He's gone to Brussels on business. I think he went on Monday. He'll back at the weekend.

2. A: Have you ever been to Russia?B: Yes, I have. I went there lust summer.

LESSON 33.NASLOV: ---

Alan: Hi! How's you day been?

Barry: Awful, absolutely awful.

Alan: I'm sorry to hear that. What's happened?

Barry: Well, I've hurt my back.

Alan: Your back! How did you hurt it?

Barry: I tried to lift a box of books.

Alan: A box of books! I'm not surprised you hurt yourself trying to lift a box of books. Have you been to the doctor yet?Barry: No, not yet.

Alan: Well, I think you should go immediately. And what else has happened?

Barry: I've lost my wallet.

Alan: Your wallet? Where did you lose it?

Barry: At the bus stop, I think.

Alan: Have you been back to the bus stop yet?

Barry: No, I haven't.

Alan: And have you heard your exam result?

Barry: Yes, I have.

Alan: Have you passed?

Barry: No, I've failed it.Alan: Oh dear, it's been one of those days for you, hasn't it?

NASLOV: ---

1. He's at the police station because someone has stolen his car.

2. She isn't playing tennis because she has caught a bad cold.

3. They have lost their cat and they're looking everywhere for it.

4. Why's he crying? Because he has fallen off his bicycle.

5. Look, I have found someone's wallet on the ground.

6. I'm afraid, I have broken the glass. I dropped it.

7. We went to France for a holiday last summer.

8. I have lost my credit card so I'm afraid I can't pay for the meal.

9. I don't think she has ever visited California.

10. When did you come back from you business trip?

11. Have you taken your exam yet?

12. We went to Barcelona than we took a train to Valencia. It was wonderful!

13. We have just booked a table at the Lebanese restaurant. Are you coming with us?

14. Have you ever met a film star?

15. Have you ever lost anything inportant?

16. Have you ever broken something valuable?

17. Have you ever taken part in a sports competition?

18. Have you ever hurt yourself badly?

19. Have you ever found something in the street?

NASLOV: ---

Jan: Hi, Pete!

Pete: Oh, hello, Jan. Have you had a good day?

Jan: Great! I've been at the office all day and I've met a new director. What about you? You look very tired. What sort of day have you had?

Pete: Awful! I've only just finished the housework.

Jan: Oh, dear. I am sorry.

Pete: I'm afraid I haven't taken the car to the garage yet.

Jan: That doesn't matter. I can take it tomorrow.

Pete: Are you very hungry? I haven't made dinner yet.

Jan: Oh, Well. Have you done any shopping?

Pete. I'm sorry. I haven't had time.

Jan: Well, how about going out to eat?

Pete: That's a great idea!

LESSON 34.NASLOV: The perfect picnic

Everyone says that food and drink taste better when you have a picnic. But what do you do to have a perfect picnic? Here's some advice.

1. Choose where you want to go very carefully. In the country? In the city? The picnic site should be attractive and interesting, to be sure there's plenty to do when you finish your picnic.

2. Check the weather forecast the day before you go. The perfect picnic needs perfect weather.

3. Don't take too much to carry. For the perfect picnic you leave home with food and drink and you return only with rubbish.

4. Choose small items of food, such as eggs or sandwiches, to avoid taking knives and forks. To make it the perfect picnic, take food which you don't usually eat.

5. Take small cartons of juice or plastic bottles of water. They're more expensive, but they aren't as heavy as glass bottles, cup and glasses.

6. Pack a blanket to sit on or if it's cold, to keep you warm.

7. Put fresh food in a bag with ice to keep it cool.

8. Put the whole picnic in a number of small bags, to allow everyone to carry something.

9. Prepare everything before you go or make sure you've got everything you need to finish preparing the picnic, such as a knife, a bottle opener, barbecue, matches.

10. Check there is a short walk to the picnic site to make people hungry.

NASLOV: ---

1. I was very hungry so I had something to eat.

2. The weather was perfect so we had dinner outside.

3. When you go away for a night or two, don't forget to pack your toothbrush.

4. Check to weather forecast to find out if it's going to rain.

5. I was cold in bed do I asked for another blanket.

6. Why should the picnic site be attractive and interesting? To be sure there's plenty to do when you finish your picnic.

7. Why should you choose small items of food? To avoid taking knives and forks.

8. Why should you pack a blanket? To sit on it or use it to keep you warm.

9. Why should you put fresh food in a bag with ice? To keep it cool.

10. Why should you put the whole picnic in a number of small bags? To allow everyone to carry something.

11. Why should you check there's a short walk to the picnic, site? To make people hungry.

NASLOV: ----

1. Don't worry! / Your friend has an exam.

2. Slow down! / Your friend is driving too fast.

3. Be careful! / Your friend is standing in the road and doesn't see a car coming.

4. Please sit down. / Your guests arrive and you take them into the sitting room.

5. Be quiet! / You are a teacher and you walk into a noisy classroom.

6. You go to chemist's to buy aspirin.

7. He went to Britain to learn English.

8. I bought a guide book to visit the town.

9. She went to the post office to get a stamp.

10. He is going to university to study economics.

11. They're going to Kenya to see the wildlife.

12. She's going to the airport to meet her sister.

13. He's going to the supermarket to buy some food.

14. He's going to the station to get the tickets.

NASLOV: Advice to make travelling by plane less unpleasent

The most sensible travellers find somewhere comfortable to spend their time in the airport and they get on the plane last. You can walk miles in an airport so don't carry too much hand luggage. Leave your camera in your suitcase and don't buy duty-free goods. If you like crosswords, you will never get a better oportunity. Knit. Play Travel Scrabble. Write letters. Do things you don't usually have time to do. This is good for passing time but remember, the food is usually disgusting at airports. Don't get upset if the plane is late because that's normal: sit back and keep calm. Read book or talk to other people.

LESSON 35.

NASLOV: ---

1. He spoke clearly so everyone could hear him well.

2. They were late do they had a quick game of tennis and then left.

3. She had a very successful lesson with her pupils.

4. He listened to his teacher very carefully.

5. Could you speak more slowly, please. Your accent is hard to understand.

6. He passed the spoken exam very easily.

7. I speak French quiet fluently but I make a lot of grammatical mistakes.

8. My spelling is quiet good but my intonation is very bad.

9. When I don't understand something my teacher expleains it patiently.

10. He's a happy person. He is always smiling.

11. She's very easy to understand because she speaks very clearly.

12. I sometimes arrive late for work.

13. Maria's English is quiet good. She works hardly and behaves very well in class. Her writing is bad but her spelling is very well. She speaks quite well but her intonation is not very good. If she continues to work hard, she sould pass the exam.

14. She can swim quite well but she can't swim very fast.

15. She's quite a good dancer.

16. She cooks very badly.

17. She drives too fast in town and too slowly on the motorway.

18. She's a dangerous driver.

NASLOV: -----

After southern Italy, Milan didn't seem Italian at all. People walked quickly and purposefully, wearing expensive desinger clothes. They didn't sit for hours in cafe drinking espressos and eating mountains of pasta. They didn't argue passionately about unimportant things. They took life seriously. They had meetings. They did business. They talked on car phones. They drove slowly, mostly in BMWs and Porches and they parked carefully. The women all looked like Vogue models. It was like a town od southern California in Italy. But this was Italy. And I wanted the noisy street life, washing hanging across the streets, people souting noisly, scooters honking their horns...

VIDEO LESSON G

NASLOV: ----

Julia: Right, stand by everybody. Are you ready, Maive?Maive. Yes. We're ready.

Julia: Right. Cue, Carla.

Carla: Hello. I've just been to meet some people who told me something about the customs in their countries...

Julia: Hold it, Maive, sorry.

Maive: Hang on, Carla.

Carla: What's wrong?

Julia: I've lost my script! Sorry. It was here a moment ago. Have you seen it, Jack?

Jack: No, I haven't, sorry, Julia. Where did you put it?

Julia: I thought I put it here...

Maive: Julia's just lost her script!

Carla: She's lost script! Really? Well, has she found it yet?

Maive: Hang on, Julia?

Julia: Yes! Great! Thanks, Greg. OK, Maive, I've found it now. Greg, you needn't stand there. Come and sit here. Quickly.

Greg: Right. Thanks.

Carla: What's happening?

Maive: It's OK. She's just found it. Are you ready?

Arla: Am I ready? I've been ready for half an hour, and we haven't done anything yet. Can I start again, please?

Maive: Yes. Ok. We're ready, Julia.

Julia: Right. Sorry about that. Stand by.

Greg: Julia? Can I ask you something?

Julia: What? No! Not now. OK, what is it?

Greg: What's this for?

Julia: What? The microphone? I use it to talk to Maive, to ask her to do something.

Greg: Oh, right. Hello, Maive!

Maive: Hello, what? Who's that? Greg? What do you want?

Greg: Nothing. I'm just saying hello.

Maive: Oh, great. Now I've heard everything.

Julia: Greg! Don't do that! You mustn't speak to Maive when we're trying to record a programme!

Greg: Sorry. What's this, Julia?

Julia: What?

Greg. This switch.

Julia: That? It's to turn off the microphone. Don't! Don't touch it! Don't touch anything. Greg, Haven't you ever been in a television studio before?

Greg: No, Julia. I never have. This is the first time.

Julia: Well, listen. There are some things you must do, and there are some things you must never do. You mustn't talk. You mustn't touch anything. You must sit quietly, and you must listen carefully! Have you got that? Good. Now. Let's get on. Right, Jack. Run to record, please. Qickly.

Jack: Right.

Maive: Julia's just asked Jack to record. Stand by.

NASLOV: ----

1. Register with the police if you're a visitor.

2. Get a visa if you're a visitor.

3. Drive on the right-hand side.

4. Drive if you're under 18.

5. Call your friend by their first names.

6. Smoke anywhere.

7. Wear whatever you like.

NASLOV: In my country

Carla: I've just been to meet some people who tolds me something about the customs in their countris.

Pablo: My name is Cecy Alcantar. I'm from the US, in particular from San Francisco, and I'm here in London as a tourist right now.

Marcus: Hi, I'm Marcus Keicher. I'm from Germany and I'm doing a doctorate course in mechanical engineering in London.

Francisco: Hi, my name is Francisco, I am from Mardid, Spain, and I'm here in London doing a PhD in environmental technology.

Ichiro: My name is Ichiro Sumikura. I am from Warsaw in Poland. I live permanently in England and I work at Imperial College in PhD administration.

Carla: Tell me some things I must do and I mustn't do.Pablo: When you go to Mexico, you must register eith(?) the police.

Cecy: When you go to California, you must get a visa.

Marcus: You must drive on the right-hand side if you visit Germany.

Pablo: When you go to Mexico, you mustn't drive when you are under 18.

Ichiro: You mustn't call your friends or boss in Japan by their first names.

Cecy. When you're in California, you mustn't assume that you can smoke anywhere you like, you must make sure you can.

Carla: Can I wear whatever I like?

Marcus. Yes, you can.

Pablo. Yes, you can wear whatever you like.

Carla: Can I take photographs of people in the street?

Cecy: Yes, you can take photographs of people in the street.

Marcus. Yes, you can.

Marina. You can, providing you ask them before.

Carla: Can I go into people's houses with my shoes on?

Pablo: Yes, you can.

Marina: Oh, yes, you can, of course.

Ichiro. No, you can't. I's absolutely rude.

Carla: Can I drink the water.

Ichiro: Yes, you can. Japanese tap(?) water is very safe.

Pablo: No, you can't.

Carla: When I am in Poland, do I need to speak Polish?

Marina: No, you don't need to. You can always ask young people, because they can usually speak English.

Carla: When I am in Germany, do I need to speak German?

Marcus: You can speak English.

Carla: Do I need register with the police?

Cecy: No, you don't need to register with the police.

Pablo: Yes, you do.

Marina: No, you don't need to do that.

Carla: How long have you been in England?

Ichiro: I've been in England for a year.

Francisco: I have been in England for five months.

Carla: Have you ever been to England before?

Marcus: Yes, I have been to England before.

Francisco. Yes, I have.

Pablo: No, I haven't.

Cecy: No, I've never been to England before.

Carla: Have you been back home for a holiday yet?

Pablo: Yes, I have been back to Mexico.

Cecy: No, I haven't done that yet.

Francisco. Yes, I have.

Ichiro. No, not yet, but I'm going to visit Japan next month.

Carla: Have you eaten fish and chips yet?

Marina: Oh, of course I have, yes.

Pablo. I have just had them for lunch.

Francisco: No, I haven't.

Cecy: I have had fish and chips, not that I liked them too much, though.

Ichiro. Yes, I have, but I found it terrible.

Julia: OK, everybody. We've finished. Well done, Carla. Well done, Maive. You've all worked very well. I'm sorry I lost my script. I've never done that before! Did you enjoy it, Greg? Did you?Greg: Er... Can I speak now, Julia?

Julia: Yes, of course you can! We've finished, haven't we? Well, did you enjoy it?

Greg: Oh, yes, thanks, Julia. I did.

LESSON 36.NASLOV: ----

A: Can I help you?

B: Yes, I'd like a ticket to Birmigham.

A: When do you want to travel? It's cheaper after 9.30.

B: I'll travel after 9.30.

A: Single or return?

B: I'll have a single ticket, please.

A: That'll be thirty pounds exactly. How would you like to pay?B: Do you accept credit cards?A: No, I'm afraid not.B: Well, I'll pay cash, then. Will there be refreshemnts on the train?A: Yes, there will.B: Can I have a ticket for the car park as well.

A: That'll be thirty-two pounds in all.

B: Thank you.

NASLOV: Travel in style from the Cape to Victoria Falls

Visiting Cape Town, Kimberleym Pretoria and the Victoria Falls. Including a trip on the Pride of Africa probably the finest train in the world!

For only 2595 pounds per person.Itinerary:

Day 1 Leave London and fly overnight to Cape Town.

Day 2-3 Sightseeing in Cape Town.

Day 5-7 Join the train and travel overnight to Kimberley, and on to Johannesburg and Pretoria.

Day 8 Leave Pretoria by train.

Day 9 Trave all day across Zimbabwe, and on to the Victoria Falls and a visit to Chobe game reserve.

Day 13 Take the plane from Livingstone to Windhoek. Connect with flight to London.

Day 14 Arrive in London.

Accommodation in a double sleeping cabine on the train and in a double room in the Cape Town and Chobe Game Reserve. Single beds available in the hotels. Extra nights accommodation in Windhoek available. Facilities in hotel: swimming pool, restaurant, bar, tennis. Price per person includes air travel, all meals on the train, bed and breakfest in the hotels, transfer to and from the airport. Not included: travel insurance, visa, airport taxes, tips.

NASLOV: These sentences describe what you do when you travel by plane

It's usual to book your flight. It's important to go to the right terminal if you want to be on time. You leave your luggage at the check-inand they give you a boarding pass. You go trough passport control. You wait in the departure lounge until they call your flight, and then go to the right gate. You show your boarding pass to the steward and you board the plane. The plane takes off. The plane lands. You go trough passport control, trough customs and into the arrival hall.

NASLOV:---

1. I love travelling but I hate aircraft, airports, air terminals and everything to do with them.

2. It's often expensive to have a full meal on a train and the food is often bad.

3. I'd like to travel everywhere by rail beacause it's so relaxing.

4. It is more and more difficult to get a drink on a short flight.

5. To drive in many countries you need to get an international licence.

6. I love arriving in a city by river. For, example, it's wonderful to go down the Danube to Budapest.

7. You should by a good road map before you start your journey.

8. It is still possible to travel by rail in comfort.

9. It's a good idea to stop for a rest every two hours you are on a long journey.

10. When the sea is rough it can be very uncomfortable.

LESSON 37.NASLOV: ---

And here's the weather report for the rest of the world, Athens, cloudy twelve degrees, Bangkok, cloudy thirty degrees. Cairo, sunny sixteen degrees. Geneva, cloudy ten degrees. Hong Kong, cloudy twenty degrees. Istanbul, rainy seven degrees. Kuala Lumpur, sunny thirty-five degrees. Lisbon, cloudy eleven degrees. Madrid, rainy, seven degrees. Moscow, snowy minus ten degrees. New York, sunny zero degrees. Paris, snowy minus six. Prague, sunny minus two. Rio, cloudy minus twenty-nine. Rome, rainy nine degrees. Tokyo, snowy minus four degrees. Warsaw, cloudy minus eight degrees.

NASLOV: The temperature's rising

A government report says that in the next twenty-five years, Britain will get warmer and have higher sea levels. The weather will become more Mediterranean, and tourism will grow, but the Scottish ski industry will disappear because there will be little or no snow, and there'll be stronger winds. In the South there will be more sun, enough to produce wine, and in the North there will be more rain. It will be good for farmers, as crops will grow more qickly, and cattle and sheep will have warmer and wetter land in Scotland and northern England. But the higher sea level means that many towns, including London, will disappear under water. People will only use heating in their homes for two or three months of the year, but they'll pay more for water. Snow at Christmas will become very rare. More people will die in the hotter summers, but the winters will be warmer as well.

NASLOV: ---

1. In the future the world will get warmer.

2. Many cities will disappear underwater.

3. In Britain snow at Christmas wil become very rare.

4. Crops will grow more quickly in the hotter climate.

5. Temperatures will increase by 2-6 C.

6. Ice at the North Pole will melt.

7. There will be too many people in the world.

8. Most people will live more healthy lives.

9. There won't be enough food for everyone.

10. The world economy will get better.

11. Farmers will produce more crops.

12. There won't be enough petrol.

13. Fresh water will be very expensive.

14. There will be fewer species of wild animals.LESSON 38.

NASLOV: ---1. Apple makes computers.

2. Lemons grow on trees.

3. Gustav Eiffel built the Eiffel Tower.

4. Marconi invented the radio.

5. Beethoven composed the Moonlight Sonata.

6. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa.

7. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.

8. Fleming discovered penicilin.

9. Botticelli painted La Primavera.

10. They grow oranges in Spain.

11. Columbos discovered America.

12. Shah Jehan built the Taj Mahal.

13. Homer wrote the Oddyssey.

14. They make Fiat cars in Italy.

15. The Chinese invented gunpowder.

16. Tchaikovsky composed the 1812 Symphony.NASLOV: Rewrite these sentences in the passive.

1. Botticelli painted LA primavera. //// La Primavera was painted by Botticelli.

2. They grow oranges in Spain. /// Oranges are grown in Spain.

3. Columbos discovered America. /// America was discovered by Columbus.

4. Shah Jehan built the Taj Mahal. /// The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jehan.

5. Homer wrote the Odyssey. /// The Odyssey was written by Homer.

6. They make Fiat cars in Italy. /// Fiat cars are made in Italy.

7. The Chinese invented gunpowder. /// Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese.

8. Tchaikovsky composed the 1812 Symphony. /// The 1812 Symphony was composed by Tchaikovsky.9. The Chinese invented gunpowder in the 9th century. /// Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese in the 9th century.

10. The Europeans discovered Australia in the 17th century. /// Australia was discovered by the Europeans in the 17th century.

11. The Spanish grow oranges in the region of Valencia. /// Oranges are grown in the region of Valencia in Spain.

12. Fleming invented penicilin in 1928. /// Penicilin was invented by Fleming in 1928.

13. Sultan Ahmed built the Blue Mosque. /// The Bue Mosque was built by Sultan Ahmed.

14. They grow rice in Vietnam. /// Rice is grown in Vietnam.

NASLOV: Passage A

Tea comes from a tree which is grown in countries where the climate is warm and quiet wet. The leaves are dried and heated. It was first grown as a commercial crop in China in the 8th century. It was introduced in India, China and Sri Lanka and it is sold to countries all over the world.NASLOV: Passage B

Half a bilion cups of it drunk in the world every day. It was introduced to Europe in the 17th century and was for a long time enjoyed only by rich people. Today it is mostly grown in South America and eastern Africa. It is now one of the most popular hot drinks in Europe. On average, in Scandinavia, 10.5 kg are drunk per person each year. Only 3.5 kg are drunk in southern Europe. It is drunk at the start of each day and after each meal. It is appreciated by workers because it helps them concetrate. Many people don't drink it in the evening because it keeps them awake. Nobody really knows if it is good or bad for your health but almost everybody drinks it.NASLOV: Passage C

It was consumed by native people in Latin America. It was introduced into Spain and Portugal in the 16th century. In the 17th century it was grown in North America and it was sold all over the world. Today, a large art of the world crop is still grown in North and South America. It is well know that is bad for your health, but many people all over the world countinue to smoke it. In many countries it cannot be consumed in public places. In restaurants and bars there are areas where it can be consumed. And it is forbidden to sell it to children.

LESSON 39.NASLOV: ----

Chris: Good afternoon.

Receptionist: Good afternoon. Can I help you?

Chris: Have you got any beds for tonight?

Receptionist: Yes, I think so. Sorry, but I've just started work at the hostel. How long would you like to stay?

Chris: We'll stay for just one night.

Receptionist: Yes, that's OK.

Tony: Great!

Receptionist: How old are you?

Tony: We're both sixteen.

Receptionist: One night's stay costs 6.50 pounds each.

Chris: Is it far from the hostel to the centre of Canbury?

Receptionist: Yes, it's two kilometres. It takes an hour on foot.

Tony: Is there a bus service?

Receptionist: I think so. It takes about fifteen minutes. There's a bus every hour.

Tony: When does the last bus leave the city centre?

Receptionist: I think it leaves at nine o'clock in the evening. There's not much to do in the evening.

Chris: We're very tired. We need an early night. What time does the hostel close in the morning?

Receptionist: Er, at eleven am. Where are you walking to?

Chris: We're going to Oxton. Are you serving dinner tonight?

Receptionist: Yes, we're serving dinner until eight o'clock. And breakfast starts at seven-thirty.

Tony: And where's the next hostel?

Receptionist: I'm not sure. I think it's Kingscombe, which is about ten kilometres away. I started work last Monday so I'm very new here.

NASLOV: ---

1. Tony said they were both sixteen. We're both sixteen, said Tony.2. The receptionist said it took an hour on foot. It takes an hour on foot,said receptionist.

3. She said there was a bus every hour. There's a bus every hour, said the receptionist.

4. She said there wasn't much to do in the evening. There isn't much to do in the evening, said the receptionist.

5. Chris said they were very tired. We're very tired, said Chris.

6. He said they needed an early night. We need an early night, said Chris.

7. He said he was in Brighton.

8. The last train leaves at 9.30 on Saturdays, she said.

9. She said it cost fifteen pounds a night.

10. They said they were taking the first flight.

11. The receptionist said that dinner was at 7 o'clock.

12. Dinner is at 7 o'clock, said the receptionist.

NASLOV: -----

Chris: And she said the bus took fiteen minutes. But in fact, it takes ten minutes.

Tony: And she said the hostel closed at eleven am, but it is open all day.

Chris: It seems that they serve dinner from six to seven.

Tony: But she said they were serving until eight o'clock. And she also said the breakfast started at seven-thirty...

Chris: ... when, in fact, it says here that breakfast starts at seven.

Tony: And she said that Kingscombe was the next hostel, but it isn't. It's Charlestown.

Chris: And finally she said that Kingscombe was ten kilometres away. But it is fifteen kilometres.

NASLOV: Write the sentences in reported speech.

1. It's not far from the town centre, said John. //// He said it wasn't far from the town centre.2. I don't like the opera, she said. /// She said she dind't like opera.

3. The bus arrives at 9 o'clock, she said. /// She said the bus arrived at 9 o'clock.

4. We've got a double room, said the manager. /// The manager said they had a double room.

5. The train takes half an hour, she said. /// She said the train took half an hour.

6. We don't want a televiosin in the room, they said. /// They said they didn't want a television in the room.

NASLOV: ---

Maria phoned to say she bad a dentist's appointment at 1.30 tomorrow. She said she could meet you for coffee at 11 in Ascari's. She said that if you didn't phone back she would see you there tomorrow at 11. She also said she had got the books you needed for college. And they only cost 5 pounds each.

NASLOV: ----

Mrs Croft phoned to say she was at Charles de Gualle Airport in Paris and her flight was delayed. She said she didn't know when she would arrive in London. She said you didn't need to meet her because she would get a taxi home. She said that the new office over there was fine and the new manager seemed competent.LESSON 40.

NASLOV: ---

Present simple - talking about present customs and routines

Present continuous - Saying what is happening now or around now.

Past simple - talking about finished actions in past.

Present perfect - talking about experiences

Future simple - making decisions at the time of speaking

NASLOV: The arrival

A young man arrived at Brighton station. His name was Jan Polanski and he came from Poland. He was in England for a course at an English language school. He took a taxi to the Modern Language Institute, went inside and met the director. Welcome to Brighton, the director said. You're staying with the Hawkins family. Ah! Here's Mario. He's also living with them, Hello, Jan, said Mario.That evening, after dinner Mario said, Would you like to come to a disco next Saturday?

Yes, said Jan. Thanks very much.

On Saturday Jan went to Mario's room. He was ill. I can't go to the disco tonight, Jan, said Mario. But here's the address. Jan arrived at the disco at nine o'clock. He liked dancing, but most of the girls were with their boyfriends. Suddenly a girl stepped in his foot. Oh, she said. I'm sorry. That's all right, said Jan. He looked at the girl. She was very pretty. Can I by you a drink? asked Jan. They went to the bar. You're not English, are you? said the girl. No, said Jan. I'm Polish. My name's Jan. What's your name? Ruth, she said. Ruth Clark. Would you like to dance? said Jan. Yes, said Ruth.

NASLOV: Jan and Ruth

The next day Jan met Ruth and they walked by the sea. Then they went to a coffee bar. Suddenly a tall man came over to the table. Jan, can you go outside? said Ruth. Jan waited outside for about ten minutes. Then the man came out and walked away.

Who was that? asked Jan. That was Bill. He was my boyfriend. I've told him to go away. I don't like him any more. She looked into Jan's eyes. Jan, I ... like you ... very much.

Jan smiled. I like you very much too, he said.

NASLOV: Going home

It was the last day of the course at the Modern Language Institute and Jan was very sad. He said goodbye to Mario and his other friends and left the school. That night, Jan and Ruth went for a long walk in Brighton. I love you Ruth, Jan said. I love you too, Jan.

I'm going home tomorrow. But why don't you come to Poland at Christmas? said Jan.

Yes, said Ruth. I'd love to.

Jan suddenly laughed. I'm going to see you again! Ruth got home at eleven o'clock that evening. She went into the house and her mother met her in the hall. You've got a visitor, Ruth, she said. Ruth went into the living room. Bill was there. The next morning, Ruth went to Brighton station with Jan. Jan said: It's September now. And you're coming to Poland in December. I know, said Ruth. But I'll miss you. At the moment, the train started to leave. Goodbye, Ruth, said Jan. I love you. Goodbye, Jan. Write to me. Yes, of course. Ruth walked away from the station. She went down to the sea and thought about Jan.

NASLOV: The end

Jan wrote several letters to Ruth. But every time Mrs Clarks found the letters she burnt them. Ruth was very sad. She tought, Jan doesn't love me any more. He's forgotten about me. Bill was very kind to Ruth at this time. At the end of November, Ruth went to a party with Bill.

NASLOV: --------

Dear Anna,

I'm sorry I haven't written to you earlier but I have been very busy. As you know, I left home on 5th April and I travelled by train and ferry to Britain. The ferry yourney wasn't very nice because there was a lot of wind. It was my first trip on a boat and I was ill! I don't travel on one again! The language school here in Hastings is very good and I'm enjoying the classes. We work ever morning from nine to one o'clock. In the afternoon there was organised visits and group activities. Last Saturday we went sightseeing to London for the day. I saw all the places I've seen pictures of in my English books. I'm staying with a family who are very kind to me. There are two other students from my course staying here, too. Luckily, they are Czech so we speak English together. In the evenings we go to a pub or a disco. I've met lots of other students of different nationalities. The course finishes at the end of Jun. I don't know exactly what I'll do in the summer. I think I'll stay here in Britain for July. I'd like to find a job at the seaside. It'll be easier then because I hope my English will be better than it is now!Love from

Maria

NASLOV: -----

1. He met Ruth at a disco last Saturday.

2. She has just come back from a holiday in Spain.

3. I have lost my car key. Can you help me find it?

4. He won an award for the film in 1968.

5. Have you read this book by Thomas Hardy? It's very good.

6. They arrived in Britain two weeks ago.

7. I'm afraid, I have not done the shopping yet.

8. When did they leave the disco.

9. I am staying in a hotel this week.

10. She always takes the bus to work in the morning.

11. They do not like going out in the evening.

12. She is not playing very well today. I don't think she'll win.

13. Most people work in the city centre.

14. Do you often go to football matches?

VIDEO LESSON HNASLOV: ---

1. Why was Greg late? He was caught in the traffic.2. What happened to Greg last week? He had an interview at Lion TV.

3. What happened to Greg last night? He was offered a job.

4. What job was he offered? He's going to be a reporter.

5. When will he start? He'll start in three weeks' time.

6. What did Greg say to Carla? She told her that Greg had been offered a new job.

7. What does Carla think about Greg's new job? She isn't sure he'll be a good reporter.

8. What did Julia tell Greg to do at half past five? She told him to be in the office.

9. What are they all going to do in the evening? They're going to a restaurant.

NASLOV: Part 1

Julia: Hi, Greg. You're late. Everything OK?Greg: Yes, thanks, Julia. I'm sorry I'm late. I was caught in the traffic. It's very busy this morning. Er, Julia, can I speak with you?

Julia: Yes, of course. What's the problem?

Greg: Well, it' not really a problem. Well, yes, it is. It is a problem. Last week Julia, I had an interview at Lion TV.

Julia: Did you? I didn't know.

Greg: I'm sorry. I didn't want to tell you. Well, last night, they phoned me.

Julia: And?

Greg: And... I was offered a job.

Julia: Well done! What job?

Greg: I'm going to be a reportet! I'll be on the local news team! It's great, isn't it?

Julia: Well, yes. It's great. When will you start?

Greg: Oh, I won't start for three weeks. Is that all right? You don't mind, do you?

Julia: Well, no, of course not. I'll be sad when you go. We all will. But you've worked very hard here, and it's been fun. But you'll have a good time at Lion TV, and you'll learn a lot.

Greg: Thanks, Julia. I hope so.

Julia: Anyway, Maive and Jack are waiting for you in the studio. Go and help them, please.

Carla: Hello, Julia.

Julia: Oh, hi there, Carla. Everything all right?

Carla: Yes, everything's fine, thanks. We've just finished the film about life in the future. I'll show you this afternoon.

Julia: Good. Thanks. I'll be there. Carla, have you seen Greg yet?

Carla: Yes, I saw him in the studio. Why?

Julia: Did he say anything?

Carla: Did he say anything? Well, he said Good morning. Oh, and he told me he was very happy. Strange!

Julia: Well, this morning he told me he's been offered a new job.

Carla: No! Where?

Julia: At Lion TV.

Carla: Wow! That's good, isn't it? What's he going to do there?

Julia: He'll be a reporter.

Carla: Really? A reporter. Wow!

Julia: You'll have to excuse me now, Carla. I'll be in the studio.

Carla: Right. Bye.

Maive: Hi, Carla. Have you heard?

Carla: Yes. Julia told me this morning.

Maive: Wath do you think?

Carla: Well, it's good for Greg, isn't it? He'll have a great time at Lion. It's a nice company. But... do you really think he'll make a good reporter? Really? I was trained for a long time before I became a reporter. Five years.

Maive: Things have changed. But I think he'll be fine. We'll miss him, won't we? I know? Let's give him a big suprise! To say Well done.

Carla: Yes! Great idea! It'll be fun.

Maive: Where is he, Julia? Are you sure he's coming?

Julia: He's in the studio. He's been there all day. I told him he had to be here at five thirty. He'll be there.

Greg: Hello, everybody!

Julia: Greg, where have you been? You were told to be here at half past five. What did I say to you this morning?

Greg: Er.. you said I had to be here at half past five. Am I late? Sorry.

Julia: Well, Greg, we've got something to say to you now.

Greg. Yes?

All: Congratulations! Well done!

Greg. Wow! Thanks, everybody!

Julia: Now, we're all going to a restaurant. We're going to celebrate your new job, Greg. We'll have a wonderful evening. Come on, everybody. Let's go.

Carla: Congratulations.

Julia: I'll miss you, Greg.

Greg: And I'll miss you, too, Julia. I will, really. You've been really kind to me. Thanks.

Julia: I know. I have. But come on, everyone's waiting. Let's go.

NASLOV: Part 2.

Carla: Hello, today we're at Imperial College, London, part of London University. With me are Kerry-Ann Adamson, Craig Davies, Ray Purdy and Jeremy Richardson. They're going to tell us what they think the world will be like in the year two thousand and twenty. I'll ask Kerry-Ann about cities in the year two thousand and twenty?

Kerry-Ann: Cities wil be a lot smaller and a lot cleaner.

Carla: Right.

Jeremy: I generally agree with Kerry-Ann, and I think cities will become more desirable places to live.

Carla: I'll ask Craig. Craig, what do you think about that?

Craig: I disagree. I think cities will tend to be larger, more congested and more polluted.

Carla: Ray, what do you think?

Ray: I think there'll be a lot of problems in the year 2020 with pollution from this centry.

Carla: Right, I see. Would you agree with that, Jeremy?

Jeremy: I think what we are doing now will affect our climate and our streams and our rivers.

Carla: Kerry-Ann, do you think the world will be a worse place or a better place in the year two thousand and twenty?

Kerry-Ann: I think planet Earth will be a far better place to live.

Carla: Do you agree with that, Ray?

Ray: I think some aspects of it will be better, and some will be worse.

Carla: Right.

Ray: I think a lot of people will get lazier with computer technology. You just push a button and a cup of tea'll come.

Carla: OK. Sounds good to me. Right, thank you. So basically we think that the year two thousand and twenty will be good, it'll be a better place. OK, thank you.