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Teknosains, Teknokultur dan Pembangunan
yasraf amir piliang
Paradigms of Development
Development means using the productive resources of society to improve the living conditions of the poorest people.
Richard Peet, Theories of Development, The Guilford Press, London, 1999,
Development
Developmentalism
Economic Growth
Development
Social WelfareCultural SensibilityHuman HappinessSpirituality
Elite
People
The Winner
The Loser
Science and Technology
The Essence of Technology
Technology is no mere means (or technical). Technology is a way of revealing (the possible world, way of living).
It the realm of revealing of truth of the world: unlocking, transforming, storing, distributing and switching
Martin Heidegger, The Question Concerning Technology, Colophon Books, 1977
Revealing Concealing
Framing
Technology
Technology
Revealing ‘possible worlds’
Tradition, ideology, belief system, culture
tension
Possible World
Determinism
Technological Determinism
Techno-FramingPossessed individual
TechnopolyScientism
SocialDeterminism
Social construction of technologySocial logicsCultural values
DEVELOPMENT
Culture
Tools Using Culture
Technopoly
Culture & Technology
Technocracy
Relationship between tools and the belief system, where tools are not intruders
Tools are not integrated into the culture; they attack the culture.: tradition, mores, myth.
Technopoly is totalitarian technocracy: it redefining and replacing what we mean by belief, religion and myth
Neil Postman, Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology, Vintage Books, 1992
The technoromantic unity is of passage from the physical world to the ideal world of created through technology.
It is the world that is a total technologically constructed. (the technological construction of society)
Richard Coyne, Technoromaticism: Digital narrative, Holism, and the Romance of the Real, The MIT Press, 1999
Technoromanticism
Knowledge in the form of an informational commodity indispensable to productive power is already, and continue to be, a major stake in the worldwide competition of power(1)
Capitalism (development model) has to construct and impose models of desire, and its survival depends on its success in getting them interiorized by the masses it exploited. (2)
(1) Jean F. Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, Manchester University Press, 1989, hlm. 5.
(2) Felix Guattari, Molecular Revolution, Peregrine Books, 1984, hlm. 225
Mercantilism
Product Oriented
PRODUCT TheoryConceptPhilosophy
TextbookMonographJournal
Innovation
Creativity refers to persons who express unusual thoughts
A person who experience the world in novel and original ways
Whose perceptions are fresh
Whose judgements are insightful
Who make important innovations
Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly , Creativity: Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention, New York: Harper Perennial, 1997
Creativity
‘Innovation’ is a product of creativity
It relates to the introduction of new ideas
It makes difference and differentiation
It makes a leap of insight
Innovation
FIELD OF PRODUCTION
FIELD OF APPRECIATION
FIE
LD
OF
EX
PR
ES
SIO
NF
IEL
D O
FD
ISS
EM
INT
ION
StudioManufacturerCraft center
MediaAwards
CertificatePublishing
Mu
seu
mIn
fo.
Ce
ntr
eL
ibra
ryIn
tern
et
Exh
ibitio
nC
om
pe
tition
Fe
stival
Ma
rket
Co
nsu
mp
tion
Creat
ive
Capita
lEconom
ic Capital
Social
Cap
ital
Cultural Capital
Creative Individual
Economic ProductionSocial ProductionCultural Production
Field of Creativity
Technoculture & Development
cultural values (language, symbol, education and knowledge) are not stimulating enough for creative ideas
Cultural
actors involved in the creative generation,
production, consumption and appreciation are not
supportive
Social
there is not enough inner motivation of individuals to create new and stimulating ideas
Mental
unavailability of capitals (money, instruments, and
infrastructure) that demanded for creative
activity
Economic
Mental Block
INPUT
OUTPUT
BLACK BOX
Black Box
A piece of machinery or a set of commands is too complex. In its place (one) draws a little box about which they need to know nothing but its input and output
Bruno Latour, Science in Action, Harvard University Press, 1987
Black Box
Creative Process
Black Box
theorysystembooks innovationsproducts
Sediment of BLACK BOXES
Minimalism of knowledge
violenceflood
earthquake tsunami
Constraints
language, symbol and knowledge, the availability of knowledge system, procedures, methods, rules, strategies
Cultural Capitalall actors involved in the
creative generation production consumption and
appreciation ‘reactive’ or ‘proactive ‘conservative’ or
progressive
Social Capital
‘creative individual who capable of producing new ideas, concepts, systems, forms or products: open, playful, imaginative, spontaneous
Creative Capital
All material things that have value : money, gold,
land, tools, instruments, softwares, hardwares,
devices and infrastructure
Economic Capital
Creative Capital
Innovation =Black Box Revealed
Technoscience
Feedback
Knowledge
Systems
Products
Techno-science
Society
Technoculture
Input
Axiology
Socio-cultural effect
Mental Model
Life-world model
Technology Techno-culture
Development
Technoscience
Technoculture
Welfare
Integrative System
Cultural Oriented
PRODUCT THOUGHT TheoryConceptPhilosophy
Conclusion