Teen Pregnancy Trend & Racein United States

Group IV: The Talcott ParsonsFCST 200-09 Introduction to Family Studies

Kaitlin Deboer: deboerk1@mail.montclair.edu

Jessica Herman: hermanj3@mail.montclair.edu

Marta Hanaka: hanakam1@mail.montclair.edu

Comments & Grade

• Please read through the whole PowerPoint, as I have made comments throughout.

• You have followed the directions well and you included all the necessary information.

• You provided good details on your data source. • You were able to create a well formatted, clear and concise

presentation of your data findings.• You referenced all necessary information and your work

follows APA format.• Excellent presentation!• Grade: 95

Introduction

• In 2010, 367,752 infants were born to women between the ages of 15 and 19.

• Birth rate for this group is 34.3 per 1,000 women.

• This is a record low statistic in United States.• Birth rates fell:

-12% for women aged 15–17 years -9% for women aged 18–19 years (Center for

Disease Control, 2011)

Hypothesis

• Hypothesis: We expect that Africans Americans will have a higher rates of teen pregnancy than Whites.

• We propose this because African Americans have higher rates of poverty (National Center for Health Statistics, 2011). Good justification to support hypothesis from a reputable source.

Introduction/Hypothesis

Outcome Variable: Rate of Teen Pregnancy in U.S Demographic Variable: RaceYears studied: 1995-2005List 3 years studied i.e. 1995, 2000, 2005

Race is a demographic characteristic that may be related to differences in the rate of teen pregnancy in U.S.

Data

Teen Pregnancy rate in the United States in 2005:• Total population pregnancy rate (age 15-19): 69.5 -This includes miscarriages and stillbirths

• Birth rate: 40.5• Abortion rate: 19.1

*all rates are per 1,000 (Guttmacher Institute, 2011).

Data

Teen Pregnancy rates in the United States by race (2005):• All women: 69.5• White (all): 59.6• White (non-Hispanic): 43.3• Nonwhite (all): 104.5• Black: 122.7• Hispanic: 124.9 (Guttmacher Institute, 2011)

Data• According to the data from The Guttmacher

Institute, there is a significant difference among the races regarding teen pregnancy that is consistent throughout the years.– In 2005, the Hispanic population had the highest total

teen pregnancy rate which was 124.9 per 1000 women.– The same year, the White non-Hispanic population had

lowest total teen pregnancy rate which was 43.3 per 1000 women.

– Among Black women, teen pregnancy rate in 2005 was 122.7 (Guttmacher Institute, 2011).

Data

• Our data is trustworthy because it was collected by the Allan Guttmacher Institute. The Guttmacher Institute was a part of Planned Parenthood Federation of America; however, later on it became an independent nonprofit research institute (Guttmacher Institute, 2010).

• The data we are working with is based on pregnancy rates of women ages 15 to 19. The data includes teen pregnancy birth, miscarriages and stillbirth rates (Guttmacher Institute, 2010).

Excellent; Gave clear description of source and why it is valid.

Teen Pregnancy Rates by Race Through Time: United States, 1995-2005

1995 2000 20050

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

AllWhite (non-Hispanic)Black

Year

Preg

nanc

y ra

tes

per 1

,000

Wom

en a

ges

15-1

9

Source: Guttmacher Institute , 2010

Website???

Results

Teen pregnancy rate changed over time:• In 1995 the pregnancy rate for African American teens

was 181.4. In 2005 teen pregnancy rate declined increased to 122.7

• In 1995 the pregnancy rate for White teens was 84.9. In 2005 teen pregnancy rate declined to 59.6 (Guttmacher Institute, 2010).

• Teen pregnancy rate for all races has declined. • It is currently at its lowest (CDC, 2011).Results are clear and accurately describe the graphed data.

Results

Teen pregnancy rate is associated with race:-In 2005, teen pregnancy rate for African Americans was twice as high as for Whites-From 1995 to 2005, pregnancy rate among African American teens decreased by 38% while pregnancy rate among Whites declined 30.8% (Guttmacher Institute, 2010).-If this trend continues, we may expect to see race disparities decreasing Good

Results

• The decline of teen pregnancy might be because:

-more teens are using contraceptivesIn the years 2000-2005, 76% of teens used contraceptives during their first premarital sex. In 2005-2008, 84% of teens used contraceptives (Mosher & Jones, 2010).

Results

• The decline of teen pregnancy is because:– -teens are waiting longer to be sexually active

• From 2006 to 2008, 14% of males and 11% of women ages 15 to 19 had sex before age 15.

• In 1995, 19% of females and 21% of males had sex before age 15 (Abma, 2010).

Discussion

• Our hypothesis was supported by data from the Guttmacher Institute.

• Although teen pregnancy rates are declining in United States overall, Africans American teenagers have higher rates of pregnancy than White teenagers (Guttmacher Institute, 2010).

• This might be due to the fact that more Africans Americans live in poverty.

-African Americans are 3.6 times more likely to live in poverty than Whites (Caputo, 1993).

Discussion

• We can conclude that in the future teen pregnancy will most likely increase because of the rise in poverty and unemployment rates in United States. OK

-One study found that in the 1990s, falling unemployment rates were correlated with decrease in childbearing among Black women ages 15 to 24 (Colen, Geronimus & Phipps, 2006).

-Because our economy is falling, we might see this trend repeat. Good hypothesis

References• Abma J.C. (2010). Teenagers in the United States: sexual activity, contraceptive use, and

childbearing, National Survey of Family Growth 2006–2008, Vital and Health Statistics; 23(30). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.• Caputo, R. K. (1993). Family poverty, unemployment rates, and AFDC payments: Trends

among blacks and whites. Families in Society, 74 (9), 515-526. • Colen, C. G., Geronimus, A. T., & Phipps, M. G. (2006). Getting a piece of the pie? The

economic boom of the 1990s and declining teen birth rates in the united states. Social Science & Medicine, 63 (6), 1531-1545. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.04.006

• Guttmacher Institute. (2010). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved on April 15, 2012 fromhttp://www.guttmacher.org/about/faq.html#8

• Guttmacher Institute. (2010). Pregnancy rates among all women aged 15–19 and among those who have ever had sex; and rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion, and abortion ratios, among women aged 15–19, by race/ethnicity, all according to year, 1986–2006. Retrieved on April 15, 2012 from http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends.pdf

• Guttmacher Institute. (2010). U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions: National and State Trends and Trends by Race and Ethnicity. Retrieved on April 15, 2012 from

http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends.pdf • Mosher, W.D. & Jones, J. (2010). Use of contraception in the United States: 1982–2008. Vital

and Health Statistics; Series 23(29). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.

• The Center for Disease Control. (2011). Parent and guardian resources. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy