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Technology Will Save Our Minds and Bodies
Created by: Brett Jenkins & Tom Bereznuk
Discovery of Insulin
• Discovered by Frederick Banting & Charles Best in 1922
• By ligating pancreatic ducts to eliminate proteolytic enzymes (trypsin), insulin production was stimulated
• 1923: Commercial preparation of insulin was sufficient for widespread treatment of diabetes
• Life saving discovery that allows for normal day to day lives of diabetics
Insulin
Pros• Life saving• Allows glucose entry into
cells• Prevents
hyper/hypoglycemic crises• Prevents development of
cardiovascular problems • Allows for normal daily life• Contributes to increased
life span
Cons• Insulin derived from
pigs/cattle may cause rashes and fat deposits
• Needle pricking from subcutaneous injections
• Finger sticks are required for those not on insulin pump
• Possible weight gain
Invention of Defibrillator
• 18th century physiologists Prevost & Batelli discovered the reversal of ventricular fibrillation via electrical shock
• Claude Beck was first to use on a human; 14 year old male with congenital heart disease
• 1959: Bernard Lown designed the modern day monophasic defibrillator (60% success rate)
• Current travels from the right subclavicular paddle to the left lateral thoracic paddle
• Delivers a shock of 360 Joules• Biphasic defibrillators later invented with a 90% success rate
Defibrillator
• 1970s: Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators (ICD) discovered
• ICDs continually monitor a person’s heart and delivers shock when ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (VF/VT)are detected
• ICDs are typically used on patients who have survived a cardiac arrest, previous myocardial infarction, or spontaneous VT causing syncope or hemodynamic compromise
Defibrillator
Pros• Life saving technology• Increases success rate of
CPR• Easy to use; minimal
training• Increasing access in public
places (planes, malls, schools…)
Cons• High cost ($2,000)• Automated defibrillators
prompt users to shock patients in shockable rhythm although mechanical function may be fine; this leads to inadvertent death
ITClamp
• Medical clamp that stops traumatic bleeding in seconds
• Designed for soldiers, paramedics & first responders
• Cost of $65 USD
ITClamp
Pros• Stops traumatic bleeds (life
threat)• Increase possibility of pre-
hospital patient survival• Simple to use• Able to use for self
treatment
Cons• Does not stop internal
bleeding• Non-reusable• High cost ($65)
iPhone Apps & Accessories
• iSpO2: • Ports iSpO2 monitoring to apple devices• Intended for fitness fanatics & respiratory patients to
monitor oxygen levels• Cost: $249• Thermodock:• Infrared device that plugs in to apple device• Works with app to track data• Measures temperature of humans & objects• Cost: $95
iSpO2 & Thermodock
Pros• Used for medical purposes• Thermodock uses infrared
technology; no need for invasive monitoring
• Reasonable cost for medical equipment
• Apps that go along with hardware are free
Cons• Only designed for Apple
devices• Not as accurate as hospital
equipment• Only available through
online purchase
Implantable Bloodstream Device
• Perform minor surgeries within the body such as remove blood clots
• Few millimetres long; small enough to pass through blood stream
• Does not use a battery, functions via electromagnetic waves from an external transmitter
http://youtu.be/oVCeGlrRGeY
Implantable Bloodstream Device
Pros Cons• Still in production; may take
years of testing and research before available to public
• May have a high cost when released
• Eliminates need for open surgery
• Accesses deep vessels that would be difficult or impossible to operate on
• No need for internal power source as it is controlled by external magnet
Microvascular Stamp
• Essentially a patch that encourages and guides blood vessel growth
• Made of porous material that is permeable to molecules and growth factors
• Approximately 1cm wide• Successfully tested on a chicken embryo
Microvascular Stamp
Pros• Further innovation could
allow growth of new vessels to bypass pre-existing blocked vessels
• Encourages damaged tissue to grow
Cons• Still in development• May have high cost when
released• Only affects a small area
Conclusion• Technological inventions and innovations are saving and
prolonging life• Although some cons of these technologies exist, the
benefits greatly outweigh these negatives• Medical monitoring is finding it’s way into popular
handheld devices• Technology has been a factor in medicine throughout
history. Recent innovations have exponentially increased successful outcomes from these technologies
• With the advancement of medicinal technology, human life span has increased significantly
ReferencesSimoni, R., Hill, R., Vaughan, M. (June, 2002). The Discovery of Insulin: the Work of Frederick Banting and Charles Best. Retrieved from http://www.jbc.org/content/277/26/e15.full
Patient.co.uk. (n.d.). Defibrillation and cardioversion. Retrieved from http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Defibrillation-and-Cardioversion.htm
American Diabetes. (n.d.). Difference between types of insulin. Retrieved from http://www.americandiabetes.com/expert-advice/diabetes-lifestyle/difference-between-types-insulin
Moore, E. (December, 2011). High-tech bandage spurs blood vessel growth. Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-27083_3-57346717-247/high-tech-bandage-spurs-blood-vessel-growth/
Moore, E. (February, 2012). Implantable device propels itself through bloodstream. Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-27083_3-57383064-247/implantable-device-propels-itself-through-bloodstream/
Moore, E. (April, 2012). Hair clip inspires device that clamps down traumatic bleeding. Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-27083_3-57410091-247/hair-clip-inspires-device-that-clamps-down-traumatic-bleeding/