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Technology Transfer
in the Innovation ProcessCSAT Workforce Development Committee
October 20, 2009
Heather Gotham, Ph.D.Evaluator, Mid-America ATTC
Laurie Krom, M.S.Director, ATTC National Office
Daniel Squires, Ph.D.Director, ATTC of New England
Aaron Williams, M.A.Associate Director, Central East ATTC
Today’s Agenda
• The ATTC Network• What is Technology Transfer?
A Brief History of the Field The ATTC Technology Transfer Conceptual Model
• Using the ATTC Model Example: Motivational Interviewing Example: NIATx
• Technology Transfer: What does it really do and why should we care?
• Future Directions
The Addiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC) Network
ATTC Network
• Established in 1993 by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT)
• “The purpose of this program is to develop and strengthen the workforce that provides addictions treatment services … the ATTCs assess the training and development needs of the substance use disorders workforce, and develop and conduct training and technology transfer technology transfer activities to meet identified needs.” (2007 CSAT RFA)
5
ATTC Network
What is Technology Transfer?
A Brief History of the Field
Everett M. Rogers - Diffusion of Innovations
• First book, 1962• Popularized adoption
curve• Focused on diffusion
up to decision to adopt• Identified attributes of
innovation that affected adoption Time
Ado
ptio
n
Where are we now?
ATTC Network Model of Technology Transfer in the Innovation Process
Development
Creating and initially evaluating an innovation.
*An innovation can be an idea, technology, treatment or method, including evidence-based practices.
TRANSLATION
Translation
Explaining the essential elements and relevance of an innovation, then packaging it to facilitate dissemination.
DISSEMINATION
Dissemination
Promoting awareness of an innovation with the goal of encouraging adoption and implementation. Dissemination strategies include raising awareness, building knowledge, and distributing materials.
ADOPTION
Adoption
The process of deciding whether to use an innovation. Adoption may or may not lead to implementation.
Implementation
Incorporating an innovation into routine practice. Implementation ideally includes a range of strategies designed to address individual, organizational, and systemic characteristics (e.g., skills training, administrative buy-in, and policy changes).
4 Most Important Things About Implementation that You Didn’t Learn in School
1. Dissemination is not implementation
2. Successful implementation takes 2-4 years
3. Training alone is never enough
4. Fidelity to evidence-based practices affects client outcomes
DIFFUSION
Diffusion
The planned or spontaneous spread of an innovation.
M
I
A
STEP
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Technology Transfer
A multidimensional process that intentionally promotes the use of an innovation. •Begins during the development of an innovation, continues through its dissemination, and extends into its early implementation. •Requires multiple stakeholders and resources, and involves activities related to the translation and adoption of an innovation. •Accelerates the diffusion of an innovation.
ATTC Network Model of Technology Transfer in the Innovation Process
Using the ATTC Model
DevelopmentDevelopment of Motivational Interviewing (MI)
• Evidence-based counseling practice developed by William Miller and Stephen Rollnick (1991)
• Research shows that MI has a positive effect on retention in care (Carroll et al., 2006)*
Carroll, K. M., ET.al., (2006). Motivational interviewing to improve treatment engagement and outcome in individuals seeking treatment for substance abuse: A multisite effectiveness study., Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 81, 301-312
Development
Examples of how the ATTC has translatedtranslated MI• ATTC Network, in conjunction with the NIDA Clinical Trials
Network, develop the Motivational Interviewing Assessment: Supervisory Tools for Enhancing Proficiency product (MIA:STEP)
• Develop newsletters or articles that provide information about MI and the benefits of its use
Translation
Examples of how the ATTC has disseminateddisseminated MI
• ATTC Regional Centers conduct awareness and/or skill-building trainings with clinical staff around MI
From September 8, 2006 to present there have been a total of 538 events relating to MIA:STEP Blending Product
422 Pre-MIA:STEP, motivational interviewing events422 Pre-MIA:STEP, motivational interviewing events
Dissemination
During the adoptionadoption process, the ATTC Network supports organizations and works to make sure they have the information necessary to “try on” MI so that they can authentically decide whether or not to implement the innovation.
Adoption
Implementation
Examples of how the ATTC supports early implementationimplementation of MI
• ATTC Regional Centers provide training on the MIA:STEP product with clinical supervisors in order to sustain the use of MI in clinical settings
• ATTC Regional Centers provide ongoing technical assistance to program administrators around implementation
• ATTC Regional Centers provide periodic coaching sessions with clinical staff to enhance and refresh their MI skills
DevelopmentDevelopment of the Innovation• A process improvement innovation which includes
strategies designed to improve an agency’s business practices, such as decreasing wait times
Example of how the ATTC would translatetranslate NIATx strategies
• Develop products or other printed materials relevant to key stakeholders explaining the NIATx process in concrete terms
Example of how the ATTC would disseminatedisseminate NIATx strategies•Build support and understanding of the NIATx process with policymakers and key stakeholders through regular meetings and presentations
During the adoptionadoption process, the ATTC Network would support organizations and work to make sure they have the information necessary to “try on” NIATx strategies so that they can authentically decide whether or not to implement the innovation.
Example of how the ATTC would support early implementationimplementation of a NIATx process improvement project•Develop a learning community comprised of staff from various agencies that are implementing a NIATx process improvement project
Technology Transfer:
What does it really do and why should we care?
Development Dissemination Implementation
Copyright © 2006 ProjectCartoon.com. All Rights Reserved.
Technology Transfer Accelerates the High Fidelity Diffusion of New Innovations
• 3-year follow-up study of clients with co-occurring mental illness & substance use disorders who received Assertive Community Treatment
High Fidelity ACT team
Low Fidelity ACT team
Treatment Drop-outs 15% 30%
Substance Use in Remission 55% 13%
Hospital Admissions 2.87 4.69
McHugo, 1999
The ATTC Technology Transfer Model Promotes:
• Standardized language• Contextualized process
– Helps partners to better understand and prepare for a multi-tiered process of change
• Focused purchasing power• High fidelity change• Greater satisfaction with the process
So What?So What?
• Improves NOMs (e.g., improved services and outcomes)
• Happier workforce = less recidivism + increase recruitment
• Improves treatment outcomes and saves lives (e.g., EMMEE)
• Prepares the field by increasing capacity for ongoing changes (e.g., new EBPs; “pay for performance”)
Disseminating the Model
• Interactive section of the ATTC Network Website: ATTCnetwork.org/technologytransfer
• Academic journal• Presentations• The Bridge• Network resources• Ongoing partnerships
Future Directions
Thank you for your time!Members of the ATTC Network Technology Transfer Workgroup
Dan Squires, PhD, MPH (Co-chair)
Heather Gotham, PhD
Laurie Krom, MS
Aaron Williams, MA
www.ATTCnetwork.org
Holly Hagle, MS
Eric Hulsey, DrPH
Nancy Roget, MS
Pamela Waters, MEd
