1

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Programming

• System development life cycle

• Life cycle of a program

• Problem statement

• Algorithms

• Moving from algorithm to code

• Moving from code to machine language

NEXT SLIDE

2

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Topics

• Testing programs

• Completing a program

• Selecting the right programming language

• Most popular programming languages

NEXT SLIDE

3

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Systems• System:

– A collection of pieces working together to achieve a common goal

• Information system includes:– Data– People– Procedures– Hardware– Software

• System development life cycle (SDLC):– An organized process used to develop systems in an orderly

fashion

NEXT SLIDE

4

Technology In Action Chapter 10

System Development Life Cycle• Click on steps to view details

Problem/ Opportunity Identification

Analysis

DesignDevelopment

& Documentation Testing

& Installation Maintenance

& Evaluation

System Development Life Cycle

NEXT SLIDE

11

Technology In Action Chapter 10

The Life Cycle of a Program

• Programming is the process of translating a task into a series of commands a computer will use to perform that task

• Programming involves:– Identifying the parts of a task the computer can

perform– Describing tasks in a specific and complete

manner– Translating the tasks into a language that is

understood by the computer’s CPUNEXT SLIDE

12

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Program Development Life Cycle• Click on the steps for more information

Step 5Finishing the Project

Step 4Debugging

Step 3Coding

Step 2Making a Plan

Step 1Describing the Problem

NEXT SLIDE

22

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Programming Languages

• Selecting the right language:– Space available– Speed required– Organizational resources available– Type of target application

Visual Basic

C / C++Java HTMLJavaScriptVBScriptASP / JSPFlash /

XML

NEXT SLIDE

23

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Visual Basic

• Used to build Windows applications

• Object-oriented language

• VB.NET is the current version

Sample Visual Basic

NEXT SLIDE

24

Technology In Action Chapter 10

C and C++• C:

– Developed for system programmers

– Combines high and low level programming features

– Modern operating systems were written in C

• C++:– Uses the same features

as C– Includes object-oriented

design

Sample C

Sample C++

NEXT SLIDE

25

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Java & C#

• Object-oriented features

• Large set of existing classes (java)

• Architecture neutral• Many kinds of

programs (java)

Sample Java

NEXT SLIDE

26

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Web Applications• Hypertext Markup language (HTML):

– Not a true programming language

– Uses special symbols (tags) to control how Web pages are viewed

• JavaScript:– Used to make Web pages more visually appealing

and interactive

• VBScript:– A subset of Visual Basic

– Used to add interactivity to Web pages

NEXT SLIDE

27

Technology In Action Chapter 10

Web Applications• Active Server Pages (ASP) and Java Server

Pages (JSP):– Adds interactivity capabilities to Web pages– Translates user information into a request for more

information from a company’s computer

• Flash:– Enables elaborate animations to be created for

Web pages

• Extensible Markup Language (XML):– Enables computers to efficiently transfer

information between Web sites

NEXT SLIDE